2. These molecules capture energy from the sun during cellular respiration and
give plants their green pigment.
*
Xanthophyll
Chlorophyll.
Thylakoids
Grana

Answer:

The functions of Stomata are given below :

1. It helps in transpiration of water.

2. It helps in exchange of gases.

3. It helps to create an upward pull which helps in the process of absorption of water from the root.

4. It takes carbon dioxide and gives out Oxygen at the time of Photosynthesis.

5. It helps to regulate water movement through transpiration.

The 1200 pound polar bear would require approximately 540,000 grams of stored fat to sustain itself for a winter fast, and the 1.5 pound grey squirrel would require 27,000 grams of fat to do the same.

By using the Basal metabolic rate (BMR) of mammals (4.46 W-0.30), we can estimate how long both animals could survive with 20% of their total body weight stored in fat as energy. Applying this rate to both animals, the polar bear would take approximately 541.3 hours (or approximately 22.6 days) to use this fat, while the grey squirrel would take only 4.77 hours (or approximately 5.2 days).

The average length of winter throughout the Northern Hemisphere is approximately 3 to 4 months. The polar bear's reserve of fat would therefore easily sustain it through the winter, while in contrast, the grey squirrel's reserves would last approximately one-tenth of that timeframe, making hibernation an essential aid in order to survive long periods of low temperature and scarce food sources.

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This prompt is about locating the epicenter of an earthquake. In seismology, the epicenter, epicentre, or epicentrum is the point on the Earth's surface directly above a hypocenter or focus, where an earthquake or subsurface explosion starts.

When an earthquake happens, it sends out waves that travel through the ground, and we can measure those waves using special machines called seismographs. To find out where the earthquake happened, we need to use data from at least three seismograph stations that recorded the earthquake.

We start by looking at the time it takes for different waves to reach each station. First, we look at the arrival time of the primary (P) wave, which travels faster and arrives first. Then, we look at the arrival time of the secondary (S) wave, which is slower and arrives second. We calculate the time difference between the arrival of the P and S waves at each station.

Next, we use the time difference to figure out how far away the earthquake was from each station. We use a special formula to do this, which takes into account how fast the waves travel through the Earth's crust.

We then plot the distance from each station on a map, creating circles around each station with the distance as the radius. Where the three circles overlap is the epicenter of the earthquake. This is the point on the Earth's surface directly above where the earthquake started.

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Answer:

TRUE

Explanation:

Answer:

respiration

Explanation:

respiration uses carbon dioxide molecules to make oxygen and water.

Of the available options, the first one states that cellulose is a structural part of the hair, this is not correct for several reasons, first cellulose is a biopolymer characteristic of cellular walls in plants, and it's not present in animal cells, secondly human hair is formed mainly of keratin a protein, therefore their basic units are amino acids, not carbohydrates. Therefore taking this into consideration, the correct answer is option 1.

Answer: the ploidy of the zygote would be genetically identical to the parent cells. since mitosis doesn't reduce the number of chromosomes by half, each successive generation would have twice as many chromosomes as the last.

Explanation:

The ploidy of any zygote formed from egg/sperm produced by mitosis rather than meiosis would be tetraploidy.

Meiosis reduces the diploid chromosome (2N) in parent cells to haploid (n) in the daughter cells. During fertilization two haploid cells (sperm and egg) fuse to form a 2n zygote.

If mitosis replaces meiosis for the production of eggs/sperms, it means eggs and sperms would have complete diploid chromosomes instead of haploid. Thus, during fertilization 2n sperm fuses with 2n egg to form a 4n zygote. A 4n individual is known as a tetraploid.

If mitosis remains as the division for producing eggs and sperms, it means the ploidy level of each successive generation will be doubling from 4n to 8n to 16n, on and on.

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The boat needs to catch between 186 and 310 fish depending on the price per fish to offset the cost of a trip.

A fishing boat uses 200 gallons of fuel a day to fish in the Gulf Stream and come back each day.

Fuel costs $4. 65 per gallon.

To offset the cost of a trip, the boat needs to catch fish.

The total fuel cost per day is given by 200 x $4.65 = $930.

To break even, the fish caught by the fishing boat must be able to cover the $930 daily fuel cost, i.e., the revenue from the fish must equal the cost of the fuel used for the day.

The revenue generated from the fish caught per day will be given by the price per fish (P) multiplied by the number of fish caught (N).

Therefore: P × N = $930

Dividing both sides of the above equation by P, we have: N = $930/P

We don't know the price per fish, but we know that the boat must catch enough fish each day to cover the cost of the fuel which is $930. If the price per fish is $3, the boat will need to catch N = $930/$3 = 310 fish to break even.

If the price per fish is $5, the boat will need to catch N = $930/$5 = 186 fish to break even.

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The hypothesis supported by the data is that the construction of wildlife bridges has positively impacted the deer population in the area.

The first graph shows an increasing trend in the number of wildlife bridges over the span of 50 years. This indicates that civil engineers have been actively constructing more bridges to facilitate safe animal crossings.

The second graph, depicting the deer population, shows an upward trend over the same period. This suggests that the deer population has increased over time.

Based on these two pieces of information, it can be inferred that the construction of wildlife bridges has provided a safe passage for deer and other wildlife, allowing them to move across the highways more freely and reducing the risk of road accidents and mortality.

This has likely contributed to the growth of the deer population in the area. The data supports the hypothesis that the implementation of wildlife bridges has had a positive impact on the deer population.

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Answer:

1:1

Explanation:

The general rule of thumb is 1:1. That means one cow per one acre of pasture. Keep in mind that is a minimum requirement. A cow/calf pair will typically require closer to two acres.

Because Plant cells has Plasma, that is why the plant cells will not burst under high pressure, but animal cells.

A hybrid zone is a geographic region where two previously separated populations with distinct gene pools come into contact and interbreed, resulting in offspring with mixed ancestry. These hybrid populations may exhibit allele frequency patterns that differ from those of the parental populations due to several factors that can cause changes in the frequency of alleles.

One major cause of allele frequency patterns in hybrid zones is hybridization. When individuals from different populations interbreed, their offspring may inherit combinations of alleles from both parents that differ from the parental gene pools. This can result in the formation of novel genotypes and phenotypes that were not present in either parental population.

Another factor that can influence allele frequency patterns in hybrid zones is natural selection. When hybrids are exposed to different environmental pressures than their parents, natural selection can favor certain traits and alleles that are advantageous in the new environment. Over time, this can lead to changes in allele frequencies and the evolution of new hybrid populations that are adapted to their environment.

Migration and genetic drift can also play a role in shaping allele frequency patterns in hybrid zones. When individuals move into or out of a hybrid zone, they can introduce new alleles or reduce the frequency of existing ones. Genetic drift can cause random fluctuations in allele frequencies due to chance events, such as founder effects or bottlenecks, which can have a greater impact in small, isolated populations.

Overall, the allele frequency patterns observed in hybrid zones are the result of complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and demographic factors that can lead to the formation of unique hybrid populations with distinct characteristics and evolutionary trajectories.

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Answer: Mitosis involves the division of a cell into two identical daughter cells. Each daughter cell needs a copy of every chromosome, so the process begins with cutting the chromosomes into manageable copies, so the process involves copying the chromosomes and then separating them and then so each cell has the full set. chromosomes have exactly 23 pairs of chromosomes, its hard to remember because you can also say 46 chromosomes but never say 46 pairs because doing so will result into you saying 92 chromosomes. you can either say 23 pairs or 46 chromosomes.

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Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Permeability of cell membrane refers to the ease with which a molecule can pass through a cell membrane. It is the rate at which the passive diffusion occurs through the membrane.

A solid's permeability refers to its capacity to permit the passage of fluids. As a result, option A is the right response.

A substance's permeability, such as that of rocks, is determined by how easily liquids can pass through it. Fluids can move through the porous material's network of interconnected spaces because of this property.

It is the speed at which the membrane's passive diffusion takes place. It is vital to the movement of fluids through porous media, such as the movement of groundwater in aquifers or of oil through rock formations.

As a result, permeability is the quality of a material that allows a fluid to pass through it. Option A offers the right response.

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Answer:

ileocecal valve

Explanation:

It is separated from the ileum (the final portion of the small intestine) by the ileocecal valve (also called Bauhin valve), which limits the rate of food passage into the cecum and may help prevent material from returning to the small intestine

Endocytosis is the process by which molecules are actively transported into the cell by enveloping them in its membrane. All cells use endocytosis and exocytosis to move molecules that cannot travel through the membrane passively. Exocytosis, on the other hand, forces substances out of the cell.

Endocytosis is classified into four kinds or pathways: caveolae, macropinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and phagocytosis. Each route has a unique method for getting encapsulated molecules in. Caveolae are non-clathrin covered branches that develop and are found on the plasma membrane. They are made up of caveolin, an integral membrane protein. Caveolin activates, shapes, and maintains the creation of "caves" or caveolae on the cell membrane. They function as "collection" pits, gathering particular chemicals for cell communication.

They function as "collection" holes for particular molecules involved in cell communication and metabolic processes. Endocytosis is used for receptor signaling, nutrient absorption, membrane modification, pathogen entrance, neurotransmission, and cell signaling response modulation. Endocytosis has been discovered to assist in cell migration in developing organs. Toxins, pathogens, and foreign debris have also been discovered to use the various endocytic routes to obtain entrance into the cell.

Clathrin - Proteins with three "legs" that create a cage or coat around membrane vesicles for movement and are required for vesicle structure and formation.

Exocytosis is the mechanism by which substances are transported out of the cell.

Phagosomes are vesicles that develop around molecules during the phagocytosis process.

While DNA fingerprinting is a highly accurate technique for identifying individuals, there are some potential sources of error that could lead to a false conviction.

For example, contamination of DNA samples, mishandling of evidence, or misinterpretation of data could all lead to inaccurate results. It is also possible that the DNA profile found at a crime scene could match that of another individual who happens to share similar genetic markers. Additionally, it is possible for DNA evidence to be planted or manipulated in order to implicate someone falsely.

Finally, there is always the possibility of human error or bias in the legal system, leading to wrongful convictions even in cases where DNA evidence is used. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider all evidence in a case and ensure that proper procedures are followed to minimize the risk of error or misconduct.

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When the cell leaves the cell cycle and no longer divides, it enters the quiescent phase.

The quiescent phase is also known as G0 phase. It is a phase in the cell cycle where cells that have no need to divide enter a perpetual resting phase until they are signalled to divide.

Once they get a signal to divide, they move from the G0 phase to the G1 phase and then proceed normally with the cell cycle. For example, cells of the neurons in humans have no need to divide unless on special occasions. Such cells stay in G0 phase perpetually.

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Answer:

mitosis

Explanation:

i just took the quiz

Answer:

Nucleus could I have brainliest sorry to bother.

Explanation:

Answer:

Mitosis is used to produce daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cells. The cell copies - or 'replicates' - its chromosomes, and then splits the copied chromosomes equally to make sure that each daughter cell has a full set.

Explanation:

According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium..

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

where:

p represents the dominant allele frequency

q represents the frequency of the recessive allele

q^2 = the genotypic frequency of the homozygous recessive

p^2= the genotypic frequency of the homozygous dominant

2pq= the frequency of the heterozygous genotype

The term allele has been considered as the sequences of the DNA make up genes which can have different forms. DNA, which has been makes up the genotype, has transcribed into mRNA and later translated into amino acids which are linked together by rRNA to form proteins which make up the phenotype of an organism.

Mutations in the DNA sequences form new alleles, and affect the corresponding mRNA and thus the protein encoded. Along with genetic drift, selective mating and natural selection, evolution may occur within populations.

Therefore, According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium..

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

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Based on the given information, the most likely order of the linked genes r, s, and t would be r - s - t.

Based on the given distances between the linked genes r, s, and t, we can determine the most likely order by analyzing the map units (m.u.) between them.

The distance between t and s is 22 m.u., which suggests that t and s are farther apart from each other compared to the other gene pairs. Similarly, the distance between r and t is 14 m.u., indicating that r and t are closer together compared to t and s.

Using this information, we can deduce that the order is most likely r - t - s.

The distance between s and r is 8 m.u., which is smaller than the distance between r and t. This implies that s and r are closer together than r and t. Therefore, the most probable order of the genes is r - t - s.

It's important to note that genetic mapping is subject to variations and uncertainties, and the actual gene order can sometimes deviate due to factors like genetic recombination. However, based on the given distances, r - t - s appears to be the most likely order.

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Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys responsible for urine formation.

Each kidney contains thousands of nephrons. Within the nephrons, there are specialized regions called the renal corpuscle (consisting of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule) and the renal tubules. The renal tubules play a crucial role in urine concentration.Loop of Henle: The Loop of Henle is a part of the renal tubule in the nephron. It consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb. The descending limb allows water to pass out of the tubule, while the ascending limb is responsible for actively transporting ions, such as sodium and chloride, out of the tubule.

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Answer:

It is called buoyant force.

Answer:

buoyancy

Explanation:

Explanation:

Activators (and sometimes inducers) instigate positive regulation, and repressors instigate negative regulation.

Answer:

Xylem cells have no cytoplasm or end walls, meaning they form a tube through which water can pass freely to allow water transport. Lignin strengthens the cell walls, helping to support the plant.

When we exercise, our body requires more oxygen to produce energy for our muscles, and as a result, our breathing rate increases. This increased breathing rate helps to bring more oxygen into the body and remove more carbon dioxide.

During exercise, the efficiency of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in our body increases. This is because the increased breathing rate and depth of breathing increase the surface area available for gas exchange in the lungs. Additionally, the increased blood flow to the lungs and muscles enhances the diffusion of gases across the membrane.

As a result, more oxygen is delivered to the muscles and more carbon dioxide is removed from the body, which helps to prevent the buildup of lactic acid and delay fatigue. Overall, the increased efficiency of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases during exercise is necessary to support the increased metabolic demands of our body during physical activity

During exercise, the efficiency of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in our body increases. This is because the body requires more oxygen and produces more carbon dioxide as a result of the increased metabolic activity of the muscles.

The increased demand for oxygen leads to an increase in breathing rate and depth, which allows more oxygen to be taken in and more carbon dioxide to be expelled. This is achieved through the action of the respiratory muscles, including the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.

In addition, during exercise, the blood vessels in the muscles dilate, allowing more blood to flow to the muscles. This increased blood flow brings more oxygen to the muscles and carries away more carbon dioxide. This process is facilitated by the action of hormones such as adrenaline, which increase heart rate and cardiac output.

Overall, the increased efficiency of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases during exercise allows the body to meet the increased demand for oxygen and remove excess carbon dioxide more effectively. This helps to ensure that the body's cells have the oxygen and nutrients they need to function properly during exercise, and that waste products such as carbon dioxide are removed efficiently.

Incomplete dominance is a kind of genetic inheritance where one allele of a heterozygous individual does not totally mask the expression of the other allele, leading to a distinctive third phenotype.

A third phenotype is an intermediate form of the dominant and recessive traits in which neither is completely dominant. An incomplete dominance pattern of inheritance occurs when both alleles contribute to the resulting phenotype. The third phenotype is usually expressed when the heterozygous individual has one dominant allele and one recessive allele.

For example, in the case of snapdragon flowers, red flowers (RR) and white flowers (rr) breed to create pink flowers (Rr). The heterozygous Rr genotype results in pink flowers, which is a new phenotype in the F1 generation. Hence, in an incomplete dominance pattern of inheritance, a heterozygous individual shows an intermediate phenotype.

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Answer:

The key difference between carbohydrates and lipids is that the carbohydrates are immediate energy sources in living organisms while the lipids act as a long-term energy resource and tend to be utilized at a slower rate. Carbohydrates and lipids are important nutrients in living organisms.

Explanation: