8.6 questions for review summarize the defining features of prophase through telophase, pointing out those which you used in the microscope slide to determine the stage.
Answers
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase are the four main stages of mitosis. And each stage of mitosis has unique features that help in identifying them under a microscope.
In prophase, the chromatin condenses into chromosomes, the nucleolus disappears, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Microtubules form the spindle apparatus, which will move the chromosomes later. On a microscope slide, you would identify prophase by the presence of condensed chromosomes and the absence of a nuclear envelope.
During metaphase, the chromosomes align along the cell's equatorial plane, also known as the metaphase plate. The spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes. In a microscope slide, you would recognize metaphase by observing chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell with spindle fibers attached to their centromeres.
In anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of spindle fibers. This is visible on a microscope slide by the separated chromatids moving to opposite sides of the cell, giving the appearance of a "V" or "inverted V" shape.
Telophase is the final stage of mitosis. The separated chromatids reach the cell's opposite poles, and the nuclear envelope begins to reform around each set of chromosomes, creating two distinct nuclei. The chromosomes start to decondense, and the nucleoli reappear. On a microscope slide, telophase is identified by the presence of two nuclei with less condensed chromosomes and the reappearance of the nucleoli.
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Related Questions
When a car drives down a street, what energy conversions are happening?
A. The stored energy of the gasoline is converted to the potential
energy of the car.
B. The kinetic energy of the gasoline is converted to heat and the
kinetic energy of the car.
C. The kinetic energy of the gasoline is converted to heat.
D. The potential energy of the gasoline is converted to heat and
kinetic energy
Answers
Answer:
it is D
Explanation:
The gasoline fuel used inside the car has inherent potential energy in its molecules. When the car is started, this potential energy will be converted to heat energy. The heat energy will then be used to carry out mechanical works in the engine of the car, this makes the car to move forward.
which structure in a cell is responsible for conversion of nutrients to energy?
Answers
Mitochondria are responsible for converting nutrients to energy .Mitochondria are the most important organelles found in all eukaryotic cells. These organelles are responsible for the production of the cell's energy currency, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), through the process of cellular respiration. Mitochondria are generally rod-shaped or oval in shape and are surrounded by a double membrane.
The inner membrane of the mitochondria is folded into numerous cristae which serve to increase the surface area available for the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through the process of cellular respiration. This process requires the use of nutrients such as glucose and oxygen. The glucose molecule is broken down into pyruvate through the process of glycolysis which takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. The pyruvate molecule is then transported into the mitochondria where it is further broken down through the process of the Krebs cycle to release energy in the form of ATP.
The electron transport chain is the final stage of cellular respiration that takes place in the mitochondria. This process involves the transfer of electrons through a series of electron carriers to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
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What could be a human factor that could cause algae blooms?
(THIS IS 8th GRADE EARTH SCIENCE)
Answers
Fertilizer Runoff
The excess nutrients provided by the fertilizer allow for rapid growth of algae and microorganisms. This fertilizer runoff can come from agricultural lands, or from residential areas.
Recycling of solid waste minimizes pollution. Give reason.
Answers
Consider a single gene with two alleles in a population of wild birds. A situation, in which the heterozygotes for that gene have higher fitness than the two homozygote genotypes is known as ___ ___. In these situations, an equilibrium is reached, in which both alleles of the gene are maintained in the population.
Answers
A situation, in which the heterozygotes for that gene have higher fitness than the two homozygote genotypes is known as "heterozygote advantage" or "overdominance." In these situations, an equilibrium is reached, in which both alleles of the gene are maintained in the population.
Heterozygote advantage plays a crucial role in maintaining genetic diversity in populations. It prevents one allele from becoming dominant over the other, allowing both alleles to coexist. This balance can be essential for the adaptation and survival of a population, as it helps ensure that genetic traits are not lost over time.
Furthermore, this equilibrium can potentially protect a population from the detrimental effects of inbreeding or genetic drift, thereby promoting long-term stability and adaptability. Overall, heterozygote advantage is a key factor in the evolutionary process and the maintenance of genetic variation in wild populations.
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According to the base-pairing rules for DNA, which of the following statements
NOT true?
A always pairs with T
C always pairs with G
T always pairs with G
T always pairs with A
Answers
Answer:
T always pairs with A
Explanation:
I think so I'm super sorry if its wrong :)
According to the base pairing rule, guanine always forms a bond with cytosine, while adenine always pairs with thymine, T is not paired with G, hence option C is correct.
What is base-pairing in DNA?Because it is RNA, there is no complementary base pairing between the bases adenine and thymine in DNA. Uracil, which has a structure remarkably similar to that of thymine, is present in place of thymine.
Base pairing rule, guanine always forms a bond with cytosine, while adenine always pairs with thymine structure of DNA is created by the binding of these base pairs
Although they keep the two strands of DNA together, they are not strong enough to withstand replication.
Therefore, the base pairing rule, guanine always forms a bond with cytosine, while adenine always pairs with thymine, hence option C is correct.
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How is mitochondrial DNA used in science? Choose the correct answer.
mtDNA is used to convict criminals by connecting the DNA found at a crime scene to relatives on the father’s side.
mtDNA is used to connect DNA samples to the mother in missing-person cases.
mtDNA is used to match nuclear and mitochondrial DNA to victims of a crime scene.
Answers
Answer:
B.) mtDNA is used to connect DNA samples to the mother in missing-person cases.
Explanation:
Took the test. Good Luck! <3
Answer: B
B.) mtDNA is used to connect DNA samples to the mother in missing-person cases.
Explanation: i hope this helps :)
PLS ANSWER FASTER
The total amount of sunlight that approaches earth is about __________ in June as in December.
A - half as much
B - the same
C - twice as much
Answers
Answer: twice as much
Explanation: December is the snowy, rainy days with no sun. June is the hot sunny days with no sun. It also stays bright later in the days when spring comes.
NO LINKS! NO PDF'S THAT DON'T WORK! Just an answer
Answers
Answer:
c or 3
please brainliest
Explanation:
COVID-19 Vaccine: How to Overcome Distribution Bottlenecks and Boost Success
The supply chain’s ability to support the massive rollout of the COVID-19 vaccine is being put to the test. Temperatures, transportation distances, volume - and even the timing of the vaccine’s second dose - are all critical factors. To ensure a responsive COVID-19 supply chain in the face of such daunting variables, leaders must have visibility, transparency, flexibility and foresight.
As the first COVID-19 vaccine developed by Pfizer and BioNTech is rolled out in the U.S., U.K. and other parts of the world and another 987-odd drugs and vaccines are in development (with 16 in the final phase) as of Dec. 15, 2020, pharma companies, Contract Manufacturing Organizations (CMOs) and suppliers are racing against time to put in place a sound production and supply chain plan so the vaccines can reach people speedily and securely.
There are, however, considerable uncertainties and variables at this stage that can impact the production and distribution of the vaccine:
Uncertainties on approvals: It’s not entirely clear how many vaccines will be approved. This affects the total amount of vaccine doses available (in the short to medium term) and consequently, production and distribution capacities.
Nature of vaccine: An approved vaccine that needs a continuous cold chain and specified temperature range will impact not only its distribution and allocation, but it will also have have specific packaging requirements (for some vaccines, packaging must withstand temperatures as low as minus 80 degrees Celsius). Both Pfizer and Moderna vaccines must be stored at below-zero temperatures, with the Pfizer vaccine requiring dry ice and special refrigeration.
Number of vaccinations needed: How much vaccine a country needs depends on the population to be vaccinated and the vaccination timeline. This depends on public health care capabilities and government policies. For example, there will be no compulsory COVID-19 vaccinations in Germany.
Efficacy of vaccine: The efficacy rate of a vaccine will decide how often people need to be vaccinated to contain the pandemic, which will impact production and distribution. For example, the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines require two doses that must be administered in a short sequence to be effective, so there cannot be a lag in the supply chain.
QUESTION 1 [15 MARKS]
Identify five (5) strategies that can be utilised to counteract conflict in supply chain management. Provide examples based on the case study.
Answers
These strategies promote collaboration, agility, and adaptability, which are vital for overcoming conflicts and challenges in supply chain management during the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.
1. Establishing strong partnerships and collaboration: Pharma companies, CMOs, and suppliers can form strategic partnerships to share expertise, resources, and knowledge, thereby enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the supply chain. For example, Pfizer and BioNTech collaborated with logistics providers and airlines to ensure the smooth transport and distribution of their COVID-19 vaccine, leveraging their respective capabilities.
2. Implementing real-time visibility and tracking systems: Deploying advanced technology solutions like Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, blockchain, and data analytics can provide real-time visibility into the supply chain, enabling stakeholders to identify and address bottlenecks proactively. This helps in ensuring timely deliveries and reducing wastage. For instance, monitoring temperature-controlled shipments using IoT sensors can help maintain the required cold chain for vaccines like Pfizer's and Moderna's.
3. Diversifying suppliers and manufacturing sites: Having multiple suppliers and manufacturing sites spread across different regions can mitigate the risk of disruptions. Pharma companies can work with multiple CMOs and suppliers to ensure redundancy in production capacity. This approach allows for flexibility in case of unforeseen events, such as manufacturing issues or transportation disruptions.
4. Developing contingency plans: Preparing contingency plans for potential challenges, such as vaccine approval delays or changes in government policies, can help minimize the impact on the supply chain. These plans should include alternative distribution channels, storage facilities, and transportation options. For example, pharma companies can maintain buffer stocks in strategic locations to handle unexpected demand surges or supply shortages.
5. Enhancing communication and transparency: Open and transparent communication among all stakeholders is crucial to address conflicts and align expectations. Sharing information on vaccine availability, distribution plans, and any changes in requirements can help stakeholders make informed decisions. Regular updates and coordination between governments, healthcare providers, and supply chain participants are essential for successful vaccine distribution.
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What is it that the molecules are trying to achieve as a result of passive
transport?
Answers
Answer:
The molecules are trying to achieve equilibrium.
Explanation
In cells, molecules will migrate through the phospholipid bilayer during passive transport, a form of simple diffusion that does not use the energy currency, ATP.
This layer serves as a selectively-permeable membrane; its hydrophilic heads are drawn to water (seen looking outward), while its hydrophobic water-repellent tails face each other, allowing water molecules to diffuse down the concentration gradient through the membrane.
This typcally continues til the molecules gain equilibrium or balance. At equilibrium, molecules neither enter nor leave the cell through passive transport.
Give an example of how Eubacteria can be beneficial. Explain. Please help me.
Answers
Answer:
Some bacteria are good for you, including the bacteria in your digestive system, or gut. These bacteria help to break down food and keep you healthy. Other good bacteria can produce oxygen are used to create antibiotics. Bacteria are used in food production to make yogurt and fermented foods.
An example of how Eubacteria can be beneficial is that these bacteria fix nitrogen for soil that can be used by living beings.
What are eubacteria?The bacteria in your gut and digestive tract are among the beneficial bacteria. These microorganisms aid in the digestion of food and promote good health. To make antibiotics, other beneficial microorganisms that can also produce oxygen are employed. Yogurt and other fermented foods are produced using bacteria in the food industry.
Oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus that living things like animals and plants cannot use can be converted by eubacteria into usable forms. In the soil, they fix the nitrogen that is present in the air.
Therefore, Eubacteria can help the environment by fixing nitrogen into the soil so that living things can use it.
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EyeMax based in Cambridge is a medical company specialising in reselling corrective lenses to reduce myopia in children for the UK and Spanish market. Prévoyance based in France hold the distribution rights for the rest of the EU. The business has recently received exclusive distribution rights for the Orthok range of lenses based on sales performance and customer satisfaction. The rights can be withdrawn if EyeMax fail to fulfil orders for this growing market.
- 50 ADV (average daily volume/package) UK mainland, 20 ES
- B2B 95% (hospitals, clinics and opticians), 5% B2C
- Order weight <0.5kg
- Single units have package dimensions of (20x15x2)cm
- Sometimes irregular shaped packaging is used for large orders of Orthok stands and posters which are promoted in the clinics. This accounts for 5 ADV (average daily volume/package)
- Order value is high (£540)
- Shipments are non-urgent so only a Standard service is needed
- Packages should not be left out in warm conditions for too long, optimal temp is 3 °C to 5 °C
Outbond
- 2 people responsible for preparing shipping labels taking 2.5 minutes per order
- Same people respond to any shipping queries and follow up with carriers
- Orders are manually keyed into the DHL shipping system held in WooCommerce
- Around 15% WISMO (Where is my order) calls received daily regarding delays and undeliverables RTS (Return-to-sender)
- It is important to know the exact shipping costs as soon as possible since invoicing the end customer especially in Spain, as it can affect margins, particularly for the promotional stands and posters
- Contracts with NHS England means proof of delivery needs to be retained for 12 months
inbound
- Express Freight shipments from the US are received once a month to the Cambridge site
- The carrier from the US has dated visibility tools and is only familiar with the old industry standard of EDIFACT (Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport) making visibility an issue. This affects stock allocation.
- EyeMax have found the products sometimes stick together upon arrival affecting the overall quality of the packaging
- For any urgent order unable to be immediately fulfilled, the customer is asked if they can wait up to 4 weeks or an internal purchase order is made to Prévoyance
- Prévoyance may despatch to the Cambridge site 3-5 times, often at the end of the month
Questions 1. From the information known, map out the supply chain
Answers
Operations performance objectives trade off against each other as the performance of one objective can be improved by compromising on another.
These trade-offs are mostly due to resource constraints, and thus, they are a significant factor in operations management.
What are operations performance objectives?Operations performance objectives refer to the specific outcomes that an operation seeks to achieve. They are the goals of an operation. Organizations use operations performance objectives to create a strategy that addresses the objectives and outlines how to achieve them. Operations performance objectives are split into five categories: Cost: This objective refers to providing a service or product at the lowest possible cost.
Quality: This objective refers to providing a service or product that meets or exceeds customer expectations. Speed: This objective refers to delivering a service or product quickly. Dependability: This objective refers to delivering a service or product as promised. Flexibility: This objective refers to the ability to provide a service or product that meets customer needs. Operations performance objectives trade-offs Operational performance objectives trade-offs refer to the relationship between performance objectives. In operations management, achieving one objective often means sacrificing another. For example, achieving higher quality may mean incurring higher costs, which is a trade-off between quality and cost. In some cases, achieving one objective may enhance another. For instance, a quicker turnaround time (speed) can increase dependability and flexibility. These examples show that trade-offs can be positive or negative. The following are common trade-offs among operational performance objectives: Cost vs. quality: Offering higher quality goods or services will increase costs. Flexibility vs. speed: Being flexible slows down the speed of operations. Speed vs. quality: Higher speed may lead to lower quality. Dependability vs. flexibility: To be dependable, the operations need to be standardized, limiting flexibility.
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An activated B cell proliferates, giving rise to a clone of B cells. Of these cells, some become __________ and some become __________. (Check the two answers that apply.)
Answers
An activated B cell proliferates, giving rise to a clone of B cells. Of these cells, some become plasma cells and some become memory B cells.
After activation, a B cell undergoes clonal expansion, which leads to the formation of a large number of identical B cells called clones. Some of the cells in the clone differentiate into plasma cells, which produce and secrete large amounts of antibodies specific to the antigen that triggered the B cell activation.
Plasma cells have a short lifespan and die within a few days or weeks. The remaining B cells differentiate into memory B cells, which have a longer lifespan and can survive for years.
Memory B cells are responsible for mounting a rapid and robust immune response upon re-exposure to the same antigen. They also have a higher affinity for the antigen compared to naïve B cells, which allows for a more effective immune response.
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trans-acting regulators of gene expression include? trans-acting regulators of gene expression include? histone deacetylases the tata box promoters silencers introns
Answers
Trans-acting regulators of gene expression include histone deacetylases. Correct answer: letter E.
This is because they can influence chromatin structure and subsequently control gene expression. By removing acetyl groups from histone lysine residues, HDACs can cause neighboring histones to bind more tightly, which compacts chromatin and makes it more difficult for transcription factors to access DNA. As a result, gene expression is reduced.
What are trans-acting regulators of gene expression?Are molecular components that interact with DNA to control the production of proteins. These regulators act on the transcription level, where DNA is transcribed into mRNA, allowing the expression of the gene in question. Examples of trans-acting regulators of gene expression include:
The tata boxSilencersPromotersHistone deacetylasesIntronsLearn more about trans-acting regulators of gene expression:
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what factors are responsible for increasing the size of a population?
Answers
Answer:
Economic development
Explanation:
1. Natural increase: This refers to the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths in a population. If the number of births is greater than the number of deaths, the population will grow.
2. Immigration: If people move into a population from other areas, it can contribute to population growth.
3. High fertility rates: A high fertility rate, or the average number of children a woman has during her reproductive years, can also contribute to population growth.
4. Increased life expectancy: If people are living longer due to advances in medicine and public health, the population will grow.
5. Changes in social norms: Changes in social norms, such as the acceptance of smaller families, can also impact population growth.
It's worth noting that population growth is not always a positive thing, as it can put strain on resources and the environment. Some countries have implemented policies to encourage smaller families and slow population growth.
Pls award brainliest!
According to distance decay, which of these cities would have the least interaction with New York City?
A. Nashville
B. Las Vegas
C. Chicago
D. Washington DC
E. Atlanta
Answers
According to the distance decay, the city that would have the least interaction with New York City would be Las Vegas, option B is correct.
Why is The least likely to interact with New York?Las Vegas, in the United States, is known around the world for its grandiose casinos, luxurious hotels and huge and famous illuminated signs. This luxury city is located towards the west coast of the United States. This means that the city lies on the opposite side of the country from New York. Distance decay indicates that the likelihood of interaction decreases with distance.
With this information, we can conclude that New York City has the least interaction with Las Vegas given that of the cities listed in the options, It is the furthest in terms of distance.
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Which step is part of a scientific investigation but is not part of the
engineering design process?
A. Asking questions
B. Solving a problem
OC. Performing tests
D. Forming a hypothesis
Answers
Forming a hypothesis is part of a scientific investigation but is not part of the engineering design process. Thus option D is correct.
what are the steps involve in engineering design process ?The first step involved in define the problem by asking the right questions.
Conduct research and competitive analysis; Brainstorm and conceptualize the specific requirements, ideas and compare ideas.
Create a prototype which is similar to finished product and testing of prototype to clarify answers to important questions
Select and finalize, followed by product analysis.
Improve the gathered feedback, prototype testing, competitor analysis.
Thus option D is correct.
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Which is an abiotic factor that can be found in a rain forest ecosystem?
OA. Water
OB. Trees
O C. Animals
D. Bacteria
Answers
Answer:
I think Trees because abiotic means stuff that doesn't live so yea
let me know if i am wrong.
Explanation:
can someone help me please
Answers
Answer:
I think it's the second one. Binomial Nomenclature
solve it according to the question please.
the subject is petroleum, so please solve it regardibg
this.
F- Explain the global carbon-climate cycle during the Cretaceous period. (Write only one paragraph describing what happened during the Cretaceous geological period in order to have good source rocks.)
Answers
During the Cretaceous period, high temperatures and abundant vegetation resulted in increased \(CO_2\) levels, leading to the accumulation of organic matter and the formation of good source rocks for oil and gas.
During the Cretaceous period, spanning from approximately 145 to 66 million years ago, the global carbon-climate cycle played a crucial role in the development of favorable conditions for the formation of good source rocks. The period was characterized by high global temperatures and abundant vegetation, resulting in increased carbon dioxide \((CO_2)\) levels in the atmosphere.
The elevated \(CO_2\) levels fueled vigorous photosynthesis, leading to the accumulation of organic matter in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. As this organic matter was buried and subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years, it transformed into oil and gas, creating potential source rocks. The warm climate and prolific vegetation during the Cretaceous, along with the subsequent geological processes, contributed to the formation of the rich hydrocarbon reserves that are vital to our energy resources today.
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The correct question is:
Explain the global carbon-climate cycle during the Cretaceous period. (Write only one paragraph describing what happened during the Cretaceous geological period in order to have good source rocks.)
Use Vocabulary
1 The process in which hot mantle rises and
cold mantle sinks is called
2.What is the plate tectonics theory?
I need the answer to both
Answers
Answer:
1. The process in which the hot mantle rises and the cold mantle sinks is called. subduction
2. The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth's solid outer crust, the lithosphere, is separated into plates that move over the asthenosphere, the molten upper portion of the mantle
Explanation: i hope this helps
Is climate science historical science, operational science, or
is it both? How does one’s worldview affect how they view climate
change? Pick a stance and defend your answer.
Answers
Climate science is a combination of both historical science and operational science. Climate science involves understanding the Earth's past climate and current climate and predicting future changes.
Operational science is focused on studying current natural phenomena, while historical science examines past events that are not currently happening or can't be observed anymore. Climate science combines the two as it studies past climate changes and current climate changes, and uses that information to make predictions about the future. Hence, climate science is both historical science and operational science.
A person's worldview can affect how they view climate change. For example, those who believe that human beings are the primary cause of climate change may advocate for increased environmental protection measures. Others may be more skeptical about the role of human activity in climate change, believing that it is part of a natural cycle that has happened before. Still, others may deny the existence of climate change entirely, believing that it is a hoax or exaggeration by the media or scientists. I believe that climate change is real and largely caused by human activity, but I understand that others may have different views based on their worldview and experiences. It is essential to consider different perspectives and gather as much information as possible to make informed decisions about how to address climate change.
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What age do humans reach skeletal maturity?
approximately age 40
approximately age 20
approximately age 15
approximately age 30
Answers
Answer:
only depends on the human some can be mature for only being 15 and others it's 40 but it only depends on the mind of said person
What were some possible mistakes made by officers in the collection of evidence of the oj case
?
Answers
Answer:
The bloody fingerprint initially found on Nicole's porch was not turned in as evidence, it was destoryed or lost by the officers taking over the shift.
Aside from that evidence was not labeled and was bagged together.
Explanation:
1.What would happen to our growth and development if the pituitary gland is damaged or removed? Explain with example.
2.How do insulin and glucagon maintain blood glucose levels?
3.How is the development of secondary sexual characteristics , such as onset of meanstruation, growth of hair, and production of sperm and eggs related to gonads?
okk
Answers
If the pituitary gland is damaged or removed, our growth and development are adversely affected.
Insulin reduces blood sugar levels.
The development of secondary sexual characteristics is directly related to gonads.
What would happen if your pituitary gland can't work properly?The pituitary gland is known as the master gland of the endocrine system because it controls many hormone glands in our body. Without Pituitary glands, the body wouldn't reproduce and grow properly and many other functions are not working properly in our body.
Insulin reduces the blood sugar levels in our body and provides glucose to the cell for the production of energy. When blood sugar levels are too low, the pancreas releases glucagon in the blood with help of insulin. Glucagon is a type of hormone that pancreas help to regulate your blood glucose levels. The liver release stored glucose which causes the blood sugar levels in the body to rise.
The pubertal changes in secondary sex characteristics like breast development, fat deposition, development of genitalia, changes in the larynx, and hair growth lead to increasing levels of gonads.
So we can conclude that our growth and development are adversely affected if the pituitary gland is damaged or removed.
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Assessment.
Write on the blank if the statement is correct and X if the statement is false.
Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daugh
developing from a single parent cell.
Meiosis is the division of a germ cell involving two fissions of the nucleus and giv
gametes, or sex cells, each possessing half the number of chromosomes of the c
uplicated chromosomes align at the metaphase plate during metaphase.
eiosis produced four diploid daughter cells.
itosis produced two haploid daughter cells.
Answers
Answer:
The first one is correct.
Explanation:
Mitosis is the process of cell division to produce two daughter cells which are identical to the single parent cell.
HELP
HELP
HELP
HELP
I NEED THIS
Answers
Answer:
i think its d sorry if im wrong :(
Why? The main job of red blood cells, or erythrocytes, is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carbon dioxide as a waste product, away from the tissues and back to the lungs. Hemoglobin (Hgb) is an important protein in the red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of our body.
Hope this helps :D
Phospholipids are molecules that have two regions, the head and the tail, with distinct chemical properties. Classify the descriptions as characteristics of the heads or tails of phospholipids.
Answers
Answer:
The head is described as being hydrophilic and polar . Whereas the tail region is hydrophobic (i.e., it does not interact with water) and is rich in hydrocarbons.
Explanation:
These particular properties of the phospholipid molecule is what allows for the structure of membrane to be possible. The phospholipid bi-layer is what holds the cell together so its importance cannot possibly be overstated!
List the energy saving adaptations that help aquatic amphibians manage the challenges of living in a dilute environment as efficiently as possible.
Answers
The majority of aquatic amphibians have a short Loop of Henle, which lessens mineral and water absorption. Water thus enters the kidney tubules directly.
Ammonia a safe waste product for amphibians :Ammonia is simple to excrete because it is small and easily diffuses through cell membranes. In essence, there is a trade-off between easy excretion and levels of toxicity. Due to the abundance of water available to diluted ammonia wastes, toxicity is minimal for aquatic animals.
How amphibians release their waste product ?The two kidneys in amphibians, like those in humans, filter waste from the bloodstream and combine it with water to form urine. The ureters transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder before it leaves the body through the cloaca.
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