The radius of this circular curve is equal to 421 meters.
Given the following data:
Mass = 1,500 kgCentripetal force = 640 NVelocity = 13. 4 m/s.To determine the radius of this circular curve:
Mathematically, centripetal force is given by the formula:
\(F_c = \frac{mv^2}{r}\)
Where:
r is the radius.v is the velocity.m is the mass.Making r the subject of formula, we have:
\(r=\frac{mv^2}{F_c}\)
Substituting the parameters into the formula, we have;
\(r=\frac{1500 \times 13.4^2}{640}\\\\r=\frac{1500 \times 179.56}{640}\)
Radius, r = 420.8 ≈ 421 meters.
Read more on centripetal force here: https://brainly.com/question/20905151
Answer:
The correct answer is C- 421 m
Explanation:
EDG 2021
A block of mass m = 3.7 kg slides from left to right across a frictionless surface withra speed v; - 7.4 m/s. It collides in a perfectly elastic collision with a second block of
mass M that is at rest. After the collision, the 3.7-kg block reverses direction, and its new speed is vf 2.2 m/s. What is M?
8.9 kg
6.8 kg
5.2 kg
7.5 kg
Answer:
5.2 kgExplanation:
#CARRY ON LEARNING #MARK BRAINLITSPLS HELP WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST PLSSSS The equation for the reaction is: Mg(s) magnesium + 2 HCl(aq) hydrochloric acid MgCl2(aq) magnesium chloride + H2(g) hydrogen The student investigated how the rate of this reaction changed when the concentration of hydrochloric acid was changed. Write a plan the student could use. In your plan you should: • describe how you would carry out the investigation and make it a fair test • describe the measurements you would make.
Answer:
50 cm3 of 1M hydrochloric acid is a six-fold excess of acid. In this reaction, the magnesium and acid are gradually used up. However the acid is in excess, so it is mainly the loss of magnesium (surface area becomes smaller) that causes the change in the rate.
Explanation:
The equation for the reaction is: magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Students follow the rate of reaction between magnesium and the acid, by measuring the amount of gas produced at 10 second intervals.
3 cm of magnesium ribbon typically has a mass of 0.04 g and yields 40 cm3 of hydrogen when reacted with excess acid. 50 cm3 of 1M hydrochloric acid is a six-fold excess of acid.
In this reaction, the magnesium and acid are gradually used up. However the acid is in excess, so it is mainly the loss of magnesium (surface area becomes smaller) that causes the change in the rate.
If a graph of volume (y-axis) against time (x-axis) is drawn, the slope of the graph is steepest at the beginning. This shows that the reaction is fastest at the start. As the magnesium is used up, the rate falls. This can be seen on the graph, as the slope becomes less steep and then levels out when the reaction has stopped (when no more gas is produced).
The reaction is exothermic, but the dilute acid is in excess and the rise in temperature is only of the order of 3.5˚C. There is some acceleration of the reaction rate due to the rise in temperature. Some students might notice the flask becoming slightly warm and they could be asked how this would affect the rate of reaction, and how they might adapt the experiment to make it a ‘fair test’.
Additional information
This is a resource from the Practical Chemistry project, developed by the Nuffield Foundation and the Royal Society of Chemistry. This collection of over 200 practical activities demonstrates a wide range of chemical concepts and processes. Each activity contains comprehensive information for teachers and technicians, including full technical notes and step-by-step procedures. Practical Chemistry activities accompany Practical Physics and Practical Biology.
To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to Le Chatelier′s Principle. Therefore, when concentration of hydrochloric acid was changed. the concentration of product will also change.
What is Le Chatelier′s Principle?When a stress is given to a chemical system in equilibrium, the equilibrium shifts to alleviate the tension, according to Le Chatelier′s Principle. In other words, it can anticipate the outcome of a chemical reaction with response to changes in temperature, concentration, quantity, or pressure.
While Le Chatelier's concept can be used to anticipate the reaction to a change from equilibrium, it doesn't explain why the system behaves as it does (at the molecular level).
Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) \(\rightarrow\) MgCl\(_2\)(aq) + H\(_2\)(g)
According to Le Chatelier′s Principle, when concentration of hydrochloric acid was changed. the concentration of product will also change.
Therefore, when concentration of hydrochloric acid was changed. the concentration of product will also change.
To know more about Le Chatelier′s Principle, here:
https://brainly.com/question/29009512
#SPJ2
The isotope 56
26Fe
decays into the isotope
56
27 Co.
By what process will this decay occur?
1. +
2. None of these
3. 4. ?
5.
The correct option is 4.
The process by which the isotope 56Fe decays into the isotope 56Co is beta decay.
The correct option is 4.What is beta decay? Beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle, a positron, or an electron is emitted by the nucleus of an atom. Beta decay is a decay process in which the atomic nucleus emits beta particles, which are high-energy, high-speed electrons or positrons.
In beta decay, a neutron in the nucleus transforms into a proton, causing the emission of an electron and a neutrino in the process. The isotope 56Fe decays into the isotope 56Co by the following beta decay process:56Fe26 → 56Co27 + β−where β- is a beta particle, and it is emitted from the nucleus, resulting in an increase in atomic number Z by one, while atomic mass number A remains unchanged. The daughter isotope is 56Co.
Learn more about isotope visit : brainly.com/question/14220416
#SPJ11
Select the best option to explain why the moon is described as a time capsule for Earth’s history?
Question 4 options:
The Apollo astronauts placed a time capsule on the moon’s surface.
The moon has not experienced any changes since its formation.
The moon does not have weather to erode the evidence of asteroid impacts.
Answer:
The moon does not have weather to erode the evidence of asteroid impacts.
does sound travel faster in warm air or in cold air? in humid air or dry air?
In warm air, sound travels more quickly than in cold air. Since the speed of sound is directly inversely proportional to the square root of the air's absolute temperature, the speed of sound rises with temperature.
Additionally, dry air travels faster than humid air for sound. The speed of sound is slightly affected by humidity, with sound traveling slightly slower in more humid air. This is due to the fact that airborne water vapor has the ability to slow down sound waves by absorbing some of their energy.
What is moisture?The amount of water vapor in the air is measured by humidity. At a given temperature, it is typically expressed as a percentage of the maximum amount of water vapor that the air can hold.
It is said that the air has a humidity of 100 percent when it is saturated. Any additional water vapor will condense into liquid or solid form (such as dew, fog, clouds, or precipitation) because the air cannot hold any more water vapor at this point. The air can hold more water vapor and is less likely to reach 100% humidity as the temperature rises.
Specific humidity or mixing ratio, which is the ratio of the mass of water vapor in the air to the mass of the air as a whole, is another way to measure humidity.
The weather and climate can be significantly affected by humidity. High humidity can cause clouds to form and precipitation to fall. It can also make the air feel hotter. Low humidity can make the air feel cooler, make it dry, and make wildfires more likely. The human body is also affected by humidity; low humidity can dry out the skin and nasal passages, while high humidity can make it difficult to cool down and can exacerbate respiratory issues.
To know more about respiratory problems :
brainly.com/question/7048893
#SPJ4
If the friction is increased, what would happen to
the speed of an object?
Answer:
Decreases
Explanation:
The friction is acting against the movement of the object, causing the object to slow down.
A block of ice with a mass of 10 kg is resting on a frozen pond. How much
force will it take to accelerate the ice at 0.25 m.s^-2
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
Answer 3 and 6 with F = ma to find the 'a' or F
4 and 5 are also F = ma with a = 9.81 m/s^2
When the net force acts at right angles to an object’s motion, what does it do to the object’s motion?
a. it changes the object’s speed
b. it changes the object’s direction
c. it changes both the speed and direction of the object’s motion.
Answer:
B. It changes the objects direction
there are five general means, or authentication factors, of authenticating a user’s identity, which can be used alone or in combination.
User identity refers to the unique characteristics, attributes, and information associated with an individual user within a particular context or system. It typically includes both personal and digital elements that help distinguish and identify the user in various interactions, transactions, or online platforms.
Five authentication factors that can be used to authenticate a user's identity. These factors are:
1. Knowledge: This factor refers to something the user knows, such as a password, PIN (Personal Identification Number), or the answer to a security question.
2. Possession: This factor involves something the user possesses, like a physical token, smart card, or mobile device. It can also include software-based tokens or virtual tokens generated by an authentication application.
3. Inherence: This factor relates to something inherent to the user, typically based on biometric characteristics. Examples of biometric factors include fingerprint scans, iris or retinal scans, voice recognition, or facial recognition.
4. Location: This factor takes into account the user's physical location or the network from which they are accessing a system. It can involve IP address geolocation, GPS coordinates, or proximity to a particular network or device.
5. Time: This factor considers the specific time or time-based criteria for authentication. It can involve time-limited passwords or temporary access codes that expire after a certain duration.
These authentication factors can be used individually or in combination, depending on the level of security required and the specific authentication mechanisms implemented by an organization or system. Different systems may have different requirements and may employ different combinations of these factors to verify a user's identity.
To know more about the user's identity visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13615355
#SPJ11
Which of the following is a unit of acceleration?
\({\tt{\red{\underline{\underline{\huge{Answer:}}}}}}\)
\(\longrightarrow\) The rate of change of velocity per unit time is called acceleration.
\(\longrightarrow\) Its SI unit is m/s².
\(\huge\boxed{\fcolorbox{blue}{red}{Thank you}} \)
A 50 kg child is sitting on a scale on the floor of an elevator. The elevator starts at rest and accelerates down at a rate of a=−1 m/s2.Calculate the velocity of the elevator after 3 seconds.
Answer:
v=m/s m=v.s -1*3= -3 meter/second
The velocity of the elevator after 3 seconds will be equal to 3 m/s.
What are equations of motion?We have three equations of motion that can be used to calculate components such as displacement(s), initial (u) and final velocity (v), time(t), and acceleration(a). The expressions for the three equations of motion are as follows:
First Equation of Motion :
v = u + at
Second Equation of Motion :
S = ut + (1/2) at²
The third equation of motion is:
v² - u² =2aS
Given, the initial velocity (u) of the elevator is zero as the elevator is at rest initially.
The acceleration of the elevator, a = -1 m/s² moving downward.
The final velocity of the elevator after 3 seconds will be:
v = u + at
v = (0) + (-1 m/s²) (3 s)
v = - 3 m/s
Therefore, the velocity of the elevator after 3 seconds will be equal to 3 m/s in the downward direction.
Learn more about the equations of motion, here:
https://brainly.com/question/16782759
#SPJ2
when the displacement of a mass on a spring is 1212 aa , what percentage of the energy is kinetic energy?
The percentage of kinetic energy is not determined by the displacement of the mass; it is determined by the velocity of the mass. To calculate the percentage of kinetic energy, you would need to know the velocity of the mass.
The percentage of energy that is kinetic energy depends on the velocity of the mass. If the mass is at rest, then there is no kinetic energy and all of the energy is potential energy. If the mass is moving, then the percentage of kinetic energy depends on the speed of the mass.
At any given displacement, the potential energy of the mass on a spring is equal to 1/2 kx^2, where k is the spring constant and x is the displacement. The kinetic energy of the mass is equal to 1/2 mv^2, where m is the mass and v is the velocity.
In the given example, if the displacement is 1212 aa, then the potential energy of the mass is (1/2)k(1212)^2. The kinetic energy of the mass is (1/2)mv^2. Since the velocity is not given, we cannot calculate the percentage of kinetic energy.
To know more about kinetic energy:
brainly.com/question/26472013
#SPJ4
why doesn't a chain reaction normally occur in uranium mines?
The reason why a chain reaction does not normally occur in uranium mines is due to the fact that the concentration of uranium-235, the isotope responsible for nuclear fission, is relatively low in natural uranium ore.
This means that there are not enough uranium-235 atoms close enough together to sustain a self-sustaining chain reaction. Additionally, uranium mines are generally not designed to support the conditions necessary for a chain reaction to occur, such as the presence of a neutron moderator and sufficient control mechanisms. Therefore, the risk of a chain reaction occurring in a uranium mine is typically very low.
Uranium is a chemical element with the symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a naturally occurring radioactive metal that is found in small amounts in soil, rock, and water. Uranium is a heavy element and is the heaviest naturally occurring element that is stable. It has a silvery-white color and is ductile, malleable, and slightly paramagnetic.
Uranium has two isotopes that are important for nuclear applications: uranium-235 and uranium-238. Uranium-235 is a fissile isotope, meaning that it can undergo nuclear fission, releasing a large amount of energy. Uranium-238, on the other hand, is not fissile, but it can be converted into plutonium-239, which is fissile and can also be used as nuclear fuel.
Visit here to learn more about uranium brainly.com/question/24285205
#SPJ11
Select all the correct answers.
Which sentences describe disadvantages of burning fossil fuels instead of using hydrogen fuel cells?
Burning fossil fuels contributes to climate change.
Burning fossil fuels takes place inside expensive fuel cells.
Fossil fuels aren’t widely available, but pure hydrogen is.
Fossil fuels are nonrenewable.
The correct answers are Burning fossil fuels contributes to climate change. Fossil fuels are nonrenewable.
Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases, which contribute to climate change. Fossil fuels are also nonrenewable resources, meaning their supply is limited and will eventually run out.
The other two options are incorrect. Burning fossil fuels does not take place inside fuel cells, and while fossil fuels may not be as widely available as hydrogen, the statement that pure hydrogen is widely available is not necessarily true.
These sentences accurately describe the disadvantages of burning fossil fuels instead of using hydrogen fuel cells. Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases, which contribute to climate change, while fossil fuels are also finite resources, making them nonrenewable
The other two sentences are incorrect: Burning fossil fuels does not take place inside fuel cells, and fossil fuels are widely available, whereas the availability of pure hydrogen is more limited.
Know more about fossil fuels here:
https://brainly.com/question/79954
#SPJ8
Force between two charged is 32.81 if charge one of object is double a distance between them is double what is new force
2nd question: force between two charged is 46.66 if distance between the objects is double what is the new force
Explanation:
Eforce = C q1 q2 / r^2 now double q1 and double r
Eforce = C 2 q1 q2 / (2r)^2
EForce = C 2 q1 q2 / (4 r^2)
EForce = 2/4 C q1 q2 / r^2 <=====this shows the NEW force is 1/2 the original
1/2 * 32.81 = 16.41 units
2nd) Similarly this will result in 1/4 the original force
1/4 * 46.66 = 11.67 units
Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this part. A 150-kg crate D is suspended from a ring at Aby a length of rope. The crate is held in certain location by two blocks, B and C, which are attached to the ring at Aby rope segments wrapped around frictionless pulleys. You want to position the crate such that the angle that rope AC makes in a counterclockwise direction from the positive x-axis is 30° as shown. The mass of block B is 135 kg. The mass of block C is adjustable. You decide to calculate what the mass of block C needs to be in order to keep crate D in the desired position. You also want to calculate , which represents the angle that rope AB makes in a clockwise direction from the negative x-axis when crate D is in the desired position. X 00:36:18 180° Choose which value represents the mass of block C that would keep crate D In equilibrium. Choose which value represents the mass of block C that would keep crate D In equilibrium. Multiple Choice 280 kg 20 kg 784.8 kg 196.2 kg 111.74 kg
The value that represents the mass of block C that would keep crate D in equilibrium is 196.2 kg (Option D).
To determine of value that represents the mass of block C that would keep crate D in equilibrium, ee can begin by determining the tension in the ropes. Since the crate is held in a certain location by two blocks, the tension in the ropes should be equal. We can use this fact to calculate the tension in the ropes by assuming that they have the same magnitude.
In this case, let T be the tension in each rope segment. The forces acting on the system can be represented in the following free-body diagram:
For the x-direction: T sin 30° = T sin 60° + µg = 0
where µ is the coefficient of friction and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Since the pulleys are frictionless, µ = 0. Therefore, we can simplify the equation as follows:
T sin 30° = T sin 60°
Dividing both sides by T:
sin 30° = sin 60°/2
This gives us: T = (2/√3) mg where m is the total mass of the system and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
Substituting the given values, we obtain:
T = (2/√3) × 150 × 9.81 ≈ 1962 N
Next, we can use the law of the lever to calculate the mass of block C required to keep the crate in equilibrium. According to this law, the sum of the moments acting on the system must be zero. We can choose the point where the ring is attached to the rope as the pivot. This gives us the following equation:
(135 kg)(9.81 m/s²)(3 m) + (mC)(9.81 m/s²)(6 m) - (150 kg)(9.81 m/s²)(4.5 m) - (1962 N)(3 m) = 0
Simplifying: (135)(3) + (6mC) - (150)(4.5) - (1962)(3) = 0
Rearranging: 6mC = 150(4.5) + 1962 - 135(3)
6mC = 2127
mC ≈ 196.2 kg
Therefore, the value that represents the mass of block C required to keep crate D in equilibrium is approximately 196.2 kg. Thus, the correct option is D.
Learn more about crate: https://brainly.com/question/32310523
#SPJ11
A tank is in the shape of an inverted cone, having height h = 3.31 m and base radius r = 0.799 m. of water is poured into the tank at a rate of 11.8 l/s, how long will it take to fill the tank?
A tank is in the shape of an inverted cone, having height h = 3.31 m and base radius r = 0.799 m. of water is poured into the tank at a rate of 11.8 m/s.
It take to fill the tank
Using the similarity of triangles,
\(\frac{0.799}{r} =\frac{3.31}{h} \\r=0.241h\)
Volume of water tank
\(V=\frac{1}{3} \pi r^2h\\V=\frac{1}{3} \times 3.14\times (0.241h)^2\times h\\V=0.0608h^3\)
Which of the following refers to the force of the earth pulling on an object? A Force B. Gravity C. Biomechanics Levers
Answer:
B. Gravity
Explanation:
Earth pulling on an object is known as gravity.
Use dimensional analysis to determine how many centimeters are in 15 kilometers.A. 15,000 cmB. 1,500 cmC. 1,500,000 cmD. 150 cm
In order to find how many centimeters are in 15 kilometers, we can use the following conversion rate:
1 km = 100,000 cm.
So, for 15 kilometers, we have:
\(15\text{ km}=15\cdot(100,000\text{ cm})=(15\cdot100,000)\text{ cm}=1,500,000\text{ cm}\)Therefore the correct option is C.
A model rocket is launched from the ground. It starts from rest and accelerates upward at 15.0 m/s2 for 3.00 s. Disregard gravity. What is the V2? b. Then, it has a downward acceleration of -10.0 m/s2 until it reaches its highest point. What is the highest above the ground that the rocket gets? c. What is the TOTAL time in the air?
Answer:
The final velocity v₂ is 45 m/s
The highest point reached by the rocket is 101.25 m
The total time spent in air by the rocket is 7.5 s
Explanation:
Given;
initial velocity of the rocket, v₁ = 0
final velocity of the rocket, v₂ = ?
upward acceleration of the rocket, a = 15 m/s²
time of acceleration, t = 3 s
The final velocity is given by;
v₂ = v₁ + at
v₂ = 0 + (15 x 3)
v₂ = 45 m/s
The highest point reached by the rocket is given by;
v² = u² + 2ah
where;
u is the initial velocity of rocket when it started decelerating.
thus, u = v₂
v is the final velocity of the rocket at its highest point = 0
0 = v₂² + 2ah
0 = (45)² + (2 x -10 )h
0 = 2025 - 20h
20h = 2025
h = 2025 / 20
h = 101.25 m
Time taken for the rocket to reach its highest point is given by;
h = ut + ¹/₂at²
101.25 = 45t + ¹/₂(-10)t²
101.25 = 45t - 5t²
5t² - 45t + 101.25 = 0
t² - 9t + 20.25 = 0
t = 4.5 s
The total time spent in air by the rocket is given by;
T = upward time + downward time
T = 3 s + 4.5 s
T = 7.5 s
12. The diameter of a circle is 2.42m. Calculate its
area in proper significant figure
Answer:
A = 4.6 [m²]
Explanation:
The area of a circle can be calculated by means of the following equation.
\(A=\frac{\pi }{4} *D^{2}\)
where:
A = area [m²]
D = diameter = 2.42 [m]
Now replacing:
\(A=\frac{\pi }{4} *(2.42)^{2} \\A = 4.6 [m^{2} ]\)
This is Psychology. Define each of the following: Consensus, consistency, distinctiveness.
Answer:
Consensus: the extent to which other people behave in the same way in a similar situation.
Consistency: refers to the way in which minority influence is more likely to occur if the minority members share the same belief and retain it over time.
Distinctiveness: refers to the extent to which a specific action engaged in by an individual is unusual or uncommon for that particular individual
Determine the molar mass of a gas if the volume of 0.05 g of the gas is 50cc at 27°c and 76 cm Hg pressure.
How much is the velocity of a body
when it travels 6oo meter in 5 minute ?
Answer:
velocity=2m/s
I hope it's helps you
Answer:
Its average speed, pretending that it traveled at a constant speed, is
v = s / t
= 600 m
5 x 60 s
= 2 m/s
Hope it help...
Havea great day
Does the lower magnet float as well? Explain your ideas.
Answer:
Without more information about the lower magnet and the conditions under which the experiment is being conducted, it is difficult to provide a definitive answer. However, in general, whether or not the lower magnet floats depends on its density and the density of the surrounding medium.
If the lower magnet is less dense than the surrounding medium, it will float. If it is more dense, it will sink. If the lower magnet is the same density as the surrounding medium, it will remain suspended at that level.
It is also important to consider other factors such as the strength of the magnetic force and any other forces acting on the magnets. These factors can affect the behavior of the magnets and the overall outcome of the experiment.
the drawing shows a 15.0-kg ball being whirled in a circular path on the end of a string. the motionoccurs on a frictionless, horizontal table. the angular speed of the ball is 12 rad/s. the string has amass of 0.0230 kg. how much time does it take for a wave on the string to travel from the center ofthe circle to the ball
The time it takes for the wave on the string to travel from the center of the circle to the ball is 5.64 m/12 m/s = 0.47 s.
The wave on the string will take a certain amount of time to travel from the center of the circle to the ball. To calculate this time, we will use the equation:
Time = Distance/Velocity
The distance is equal to the circumference of the circle, which is equal to 2πr. In this case, the radius is (15.0 kg/9.81 m/s2)/12 rad/s = 0.90 m. Therefore, the distance is 2π(0.90 m) = 5.64 m.
The velocity is equal to the speed of the wave along the string, which is equal to the angular speed of the ball, which is 12 rad/s. Therefore, the velocity is 12 m/s.
Therefore, the time it takes for the wave on the string to travel from the center of the circle to the ball is 5.64 m/12 m/s = 0.47 s.
Learn more about speed of the wave: brainly.com/question/3148541
#SPJ11
What is kinetic energy?
What is potential energy?
Jus need the answers <3
Answer:
blahhhhhh ummm
Explanation:
mark as brainlist pleaseeeee
a battery has an internal resistance of 0.012 ω and an emf of 9.00 v. what is the maximum current that can be drawn from the battery without the terminal voltage dropping below 8.90 v?
The maximum current that can be drawn from the battery without the terminal voltage dropping below 8.90 v is 75 A.
To calculate the maximum current that can be drawn from the battery without the terminal voltage dropping below 8.90 V, we need to use the equation: `V = E - Ir`, where `V` is the terminal voltage, `E` is the electromotive force, `I` is the current, and `r` is the internal resistance of the battery.Rearranging the equation, we get: `I = (E - V)/r`Substituting the given values, we get: `I = (9.00 V - 8.90 V)/0.012 Ω`I = 8.33 ΩΩ, or 75 A (rounded to the nearest whole number).Therefore, the maximum current that can be drawn from the battery without the terminal voltage dropping below 8.90 V is 75 A.
We know that the internal resistance of the battery is 0.012 Ω and the electromotive force is 9.00 V. The formula used to calculate the maximum current that can be drawn from the battery without the terminal voltage dropping below 8.90 V is I = (E - V)/r.Here, E = 9.00 V, V = 8.90 V, and r = 0.012 Ω.I = (9.00 V - 8.90 V)/0.012 ΩI = 83.3 ΩΩRounding off to the nearest whole number gives the answer of 75 A. Therefore, the maximum current that can be drawn from the battery without the terminal voltage dropping below 8.90 V is 75 A.
To know more about maximum current visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/30030208
#SPJ11
changr 20 min in to hr
Answer:
change 20 min into hr = 0.33 hr
Explanation:
convert= divide the time by 60 because 60 mins make 1 hr