A carbon atom has 6 electrons however, its valence is 4. this is because the carbon atom ___.

The standard enthalpy change for reaction (3) is 117.1 kJ.

The standard enthalpy change for reaction (3) can be calculated by using the enthalpy changes of reactions (1) and (2) and applying Hess's Law.

To do this, we need to manipulate the given equations so that the desired reaction (3) can be obtained.

First, we reverse reaction (1) to get the formation of C2H4(g) from C2H6(g):

C2H4(g)C2H6(g) ΔH° = -52.3 kJ

Next, we multiply reaction (2) by 2 and reverse it to obtain 2 moles of C2H6(g) reacting to form 3 moles of H2(g):

2C2H6(g)2C(s) + 3H2(g) ΔH° = 169.4 kJ

Now, we add the two modified equations together:

C2H4(g)C2H6(g) ΔH° = -52.3 kJ
2C2H6(g)2C(s) + 3H2(g) ΔH° = 169.4 kJ

When adding these equations, the C2H6(g) on the left side cancels out with the C2H6(g) on the right side, leaving us with the desired reaction (3):

C2H4(g) + H2(g)C2H6(g) ΔH° = -52.3 kJ + 169.4 kJ = 117.1 kJ

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Answer:

4.226×10^8

Explanation:

4.2 ×10^8+2.6×10^6=422600000

or 4.226×10^8

If the reaction is first order with respect to x and second order with respect to y, the rate law can be written as rate = k[X]⁻¹[Y]⁻².

Starting with known concentrations of x and y in experiment 1, the initial rate of formation of z was measured. The initial rate of formation of z in experiment 2 would depend on the new concentrations of x and y. If the new concentrations are different from the initial concentrations used in experiment 1, the initial rate of formation of z in experiment 2 will also be different.

To determine the initial rate of formation of z in experiment 2, the rate law equation would need to be used with the new concentrations of x and y. The units of k, the rate constant, determine the units of the rate.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"738; (1,45)(0.042 T Jath) 8518,314(308) 4 OO (3.O0)L85) Ttn (0.0821)(35.0) Enic snele Initial Rate of (Ylo Formation of (moLL- sec 0.101 9l 0.20 Experiment (Xlo 0.40 0.20 The table above shows the results from rate study of the reaction X+Y 2. Starting with known concentrations of X and Y in experiment 1,the rate of formation of Z was measured. If the reaction was first order with respect to( X and second order with respect t0_Y! the initial rate of formation of 2 experiment 2 would be (A) R (B) 2 Cx]" [Y]' 2R Y 1 = 2 1 4R."--

Answer: Two possible ways to show the structure of CH4 are its electron dot diagram or structural formula. CH4 or methane's molecular formula is given as CH4. The structural formula is a graphical representation of a chemical compound.

Answer:

using electron dot diagrams or structional formula

With the release of energy, fatty acids are broken down into smaller pieces by the process of beta-oxidation.

1 acetyl CoA is released from the fatty acid carbon chain for each cycle of beta-oxidation. The enzyme thiolase splits the fatty acid CoA molecule into two molecules. The fatty acid's beta-carbon is where the cleavage takes place.

Step: 1 The fatty acid structure is depicted below:

This compound is a fatty acid containing six carbon chain. Beta carbon is adjacent to the alpha carbon. beta oxidation involves the cleavage of \(\alpha -\beta\) bond cleavage.

Step: 2 The mechanism of the reaction is shown below:

The breaking of the fatty acid's alpha-beta bond occurs during the reaction pathway known as beta-oxidation of a fatty acid, which is carried out in the presence of the enzyme thiolase and a molecule of coenzyme A.

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: PM2.5 is defined as the mass concentration of particles in the air less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers in diameter.Question 15: False, carbon dioxide (CO2) is not considered a criteria air pollutant.

Question 16: The closest answer is 50%, but the exact percentage is not provided in the question.Question 17: The term "photochemical smog" is most synonymous with ozone (O3), which is a criteria air pollutant.Question 18: True, attainment of ambient air quality standards requires that measured concentrations at all monitoring stations within an air district are below ambient air standards.

Question 14 asks about the definition of PM2.5. PM2.5 refers to particulate matter with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers. It represents the mass concentration of particles suspended in the air, which are small enough to be inhaled into the respiratory system and can have adverse health effects.

Question 15 states whether carbon dioxide (CO2) is a criteria air pollutant. Criteria air pollutants are a set of pollutants regulated by environmental agencies due to their detrimental impact on air quality and human health. However, carbon dioxide is not considered a criteria air pollutant because it does not directly cause harm to human health or the environment in the same way as pollutants like ozone or particulate matter.

Question 16 asks about the percentage of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from mobile sources in Santa Clara County. While the exact percentage is not provided in the question, the closest answer option is 50%. However, it is important to note that the precise percentage may vary depending on specific local conditions and emissions sources.

Question 17 inquires about the criteria air pollutant most synonymous with the term "photochemical smog." Photochemical smog is primarily associated with high levels of ground-level ozone (O3). Ozone is formed when nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight, creating a hazy and polluted atmospheric condition.

Question 18 addresses the concept of "attainment" of ambient air quality standards. To achieve attainment, measured concentrations of pollutants at all monitoring stations within an air district must be below the established ambient air quality standards. This ensures that the air quality in the given area meets the required standards for protecting human health and the environment.

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Answer: 3 ,2, 6

Explanation:

3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 K3PO4 → Cu3(PO4)2 + 6 KNO3

The chemical change among the given options is (d) Electrolysing water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.

In electrolysis, an electric current is passed through water, causing a chemical reaction to occur. During electrolysis of water, water molecules (H2O) are split into hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2) through the process of electrolysis.

This is a chemical change because the water molecules are undergoing a chemical transformation, breaking their molecular bonds and forming new substances (hydrogen and oxygen). The chemical composition of the water is changed as a result.

On the other hand, the other options listed are physical changes. (a) Melting of ice is a phase change from solid to liquid. (b) Boiling water is a phase change from liquid to gas. (c) Sublimation of solid ice directly to gaseous water is a phase change from solid to gas. (e) Heating water from 25°C to 60°C is an increase in temperature, but it does not involve any change in the chemical composition of water.

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For an FCC crystal: calculate the density of atoms (atoms/a² where a is the lattice constant) for the (100), (110) and (111) planesThe unit cell of a FCC crystal is shown below:Here, each corner atom contributes 1 atom, and each face atom contributes 1/2 atoms.

For (100) plane:Length of unit cell along (100) plane direction = a Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a²Density of atoms for (100) plane = 4 / a²For (110) plane:Length of unit cell along (110) plane direction = a√2Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a x a√2Density of atoms for (110) plane = 2 x 2 / (a x a√2) = 4√2 / a²

For (111) plane:Length of unit cell along (111) plane direction = a√3Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a²√3/2 Density of atoms for (111) plane = 3 x 4 / (a²√3) = 4√3 / a²Hence, the density of atoms for the (100), (110) and (111) planes in an FCC crystal are as follows:For (100) plane: 4 / a²For (110) plane: 4√2 / a²For (111) plane: 4√3 / a².

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Answer:

False, it only rots

Explanation:

Answer: The answer is false

We know that wood is insoluble as trees take in water through roots into the trunk. Therefore, water is insoluble in water. Note: Polymers are defined as materials that consist of repeating large molecules.

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Answer:

Venus and Mars?

Explanation:

To determine the endpoint in the neutralization of a weak acid with a strong base, it is best to use a pH-sensitive indicator such as phenolphthalein.

The best indicator to determine the endpoint in the neutralization of a weak acid with a strong base would be a universal indicator. This is because a universal indicator can detect a wide range of pH levels and can provide a clear indication when the solution becomes neutral. Another option could be phenolphthalein, which changes color from colorless to pink when the solution becomes basic, indicating the endpoint has been reached. However, phenolphthalein may not be as accurate in detecting the endpoint for weak acids as it requires a relatively high pH to change color. Phenolphthalein changes color around pH 8.2-10, which is suitable for detecting the endpoint in this type of reaction, as the final pH will be slightly alkaline due to the strong base.

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Answer:

slope = 3

Explanation:

\(slope = \frac{3 - 0}{1 - 0} \\ = 3\)

According to chemical equilibrium, increase in temperature and pressure pushes the equilibrium in forward direction.

Chemical equilibrium is defined as the condition which arises during the course of a reversible chemical reaction with no net change in amount of reactants and products.A reversible chemical reaction is the one wherein the products as soon as they are formed react together to produce back the reactants.

Conditions which are required for equilibrium are given by quantitative formulation.Factors which affect chemical equilibrium are change in concentration , change in pressure and temperature and presence of catalyst.

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The balanced equation for the given reaction is option (C)

3Sn(s) + 2NO3-(aq) + 8H+(aq) → 3Sn2+(aq) + 2NO(g) + 4H2O(l).

The given reaction involves the following species:

Sn(s) | Sn2+(aq) || NO(g) | NO3-(aq), H+(aq) | Pt(s)

The left-hand side (LHS) of the reaction involves Sn(s) and Sn2+(aq) which are oxidized, while NO(g) and NO3-(aq) are reduced. Hence, the reaction can be written as:

Sn(s) → Sn2+(aq) + 2e- ...(1)NO3-(aq) + 4H+(aq) + 3e- → NO(g) + 2H2O(l) ...(2)

Balancing equations (1) and (2) gives:

3Sn(s) → 3Sn2+(aq) + 6e- ...(3)

2NO3-(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 6e- → 2NO(g) + 4H2O(l) ...(4)

Multiplying equation (3) by 2 and adding it to equation (4) gives the balanced equation for the reaction:

3Sn(s) + 2NO3-(aq) + 8H+(aq) → 3Sn2+(aq) + 2NO(g) + 4H2O(l)

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Answer:

A physical change

Explanation:

A physical change is a form of transformation in which an element or matter changes from one material state to another. For example from solid-state to liquid state through melting. Another is crushing and freezing.

Hence in this case, when a liquid is cooled during an investigation causing it to solidify. The process is called Freezing which occurred as a result of a PHYSICAL CHANGE.

Because they must maximize photosynthetic activity in a shorter amount of time to produce enough energy to survive and reproduce, plants in regions with short growing seasons have more chloroplasts in their cells than plants in regions with longer growing seasons.

Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, so having more chloroplasts means that plant can carry out more photosynthesis and produce more energy.

Plants in areas with longer growing seasons have a longer period of time to carry out photosynthesis and produce energy, so they may not need to have as many chloroplasts in their cells. However, this does not mean that plants in areas with longer growing seasons have fewer chloroplasts than plants in areas with shorter growing seasons.

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Answer:

Because: The mixtures contain unwanted substances which may be harmful and may degrade the properties of mixtures. So we, need to separated them and extract useful substances.

Answer:

The composition of the mixture is very important, as a result of nature exists solely by its properties, and also the reactions may be separated.

The Bragg angle of the (101) planes decreases with the amount of shear.

When the material with a tetragonal crystal structure undergoes shear, the angle between the [001] and [100] directions changes from 90° to 60°, with a shear vector along [100]. To analyze the change in the Bragg angle of the (101) planes under this shear, we need to consider the effect of shear on the lattice parameters and the orientation of the planes.

The lattice parameters {2, 2, 4, 90°, 90°, 90°} represent the dimensions and angles of the tetragonal crystal structure. The (101) planes are equivalent to the (101) planes at zero shear. However, due to the shearing process, the lattice parameters change. As the shear vector is along [100], the length along the [100] direction decreases, while the length along the [001] direction remains unchanged.

The Bragg angle is determined by the relationship between the lattice spacing of the planes and the incident X-ray wavelength. As the lattice parameters change, the lattice spacing of the (101) planes also changes. The decrease in the length along the [100] direction leads to a decrease in the lattice spacing of the (101) planes, resulting in a decrease in the Bragg angle.

To plot the Bragg angle vs. shear angle, we need to vary the shear angle and calculate the corresponding Bragg angle for each shear angle. The shear angle represents the change in the angle between the [001] and [100] directions, and the Bragg angle is calculated based on the lattice spacing and the incident X-ray wavelength.

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Given data:H2O vapor content: 13 gramsH2O vapor capacity: 52 grams at 25 degrees Celsius 13 grams at 10∘C52 grams at 30∘CFormula used to find the dew point:$$\dfrac{13}{52}=\dfrac{(A*3\pi)/(ln100)}{(17.27-A)}$$$$\frac{1}{4}=\dfrac{(A*3\pi)/(ln100)}{(17.27-A)}$$

Where A is the constantDew Point:It is the temperature at which air becomes saturated with water vapor when the temperature drops to a point where dew, frost or ice forms. To solve this question, substitute the given data into the formula.$$13/52=\dfrac{(A*3\pi)/(ln100)}{(17.27-A)}$$$$13(17.27-A)=3\pi A(ln100)$$By simplifying the above expression, we get$$A^2-17.27A+64.78=0$$Using the quadratic formula, we get$$A=9.9,7.4$$

The dew point is 7.4 since it is less than 10°C.More than 100:The term "More than 100" has not been used in the question provided.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The correct answer is B. isotopes.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This difference in the number of neutrons leads to variations in their atomic mass but does not affect their chemical properties or reactivity. Isotopes of an element have similar chemical behaviors but may have slightly different physical properties due to the difference in atomic mass.

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Answer:

O Al + Mg(NO3)2 -->

Explanation:

Answer:

Exhaled

Explanation:

Answer:

Exhale

Explanation:

Just like humans

Answer:

Error.

Explanation:

An experiment can be defined as an investigation which typically involves the process of manipulating an independent variable (the cause) in order to be able to determine or measure the dependent variable (the effect).

This ultimately implies that, an experiment can be used by scientists to show or demonstrate how a condition causes or gives rise to another i.e cause and effect, influence, behavior, etc in a sample.

Cause and effect can be defined as the relationship between two things or events in which an occurrence one (cause) leads to the occurrence of another (effect).

Experimental error is a factor that can arise from incorrect use of measuring tools or malfunctioning equipment such as thermometer, barometer, multimeter, voltmeter, ammeter, vernier caliper, etc. This error usually causes test results to be inaccurate, incorrect and as such leading to wrong experimental conclusions.

Also, one common example of an experimental error is the error due to parallax.