Answer:
The empirical formula is the formula with a minimum whole number ratio of the constituent atoms present in a molecule. While the molecular formula has the actual number of atoms of various elements present in the molecule of the substance.
Empirical formula is C₃H₄O₃
Molecular formula is C₆H₈O₆
This question involves finding the empirical and molecular formulas. Empirical formula is the one where minimum whole number ratio of the constituent atoms present in a molecule is shown whereas molecular formula is the one that shows the number of each type of atom that are present in a molecule.The compound contains only carbon, oxygen and hydrogen and undergoes combustion. Thus;\(C_{x}\)\(H_{y} O_{z}\) + O₂ ⟶ xCO₂ + \(\frac{y}{z} H_{2} O\)
The combustion yields 12.81 mg of CO₂.From online sources, molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol
number of moles of CO₂ = 12.81/44 = 0.291m mol
Mass of carbon in it is; C = 12 × 0.291 = 3.492 mg
Similarly the combustion yields 3.50 mg H2O.molar mass of water = 18 g/mol
number of moles of water in it = 3.5/18 = 0.194m mol
Hydrogen has 2 nos in water and so;
number of moles of hydrogen = 2 × 0.194 = 0.388m mol
Mass of hydrogen = 1 × 0.388 = 0.388 mg
Compound is 8.544 mg and so;Oxygen mass = 8.544 - (3.492 + 0.388) = 4.664 mg
Similarly, moles of oxygen that has molar mass of 16 is;
no of moles of oxygen = 4.664/16 = 0.2915m mol
Thus;Ratio of C:H:O is; 0.291:0.388;0.2915
Simplifying this gives us the empirical formula ratio as;
3:4:3
Thus;
Empirical formula is C₃H₄O₃
Molar mass of C₃H₄O₃ = (12 × 3) + (1 × 4) + (16 × 3) = 88 g/molWe are told that the molar mass of the compound is 176.1 g/mol.
Thus;
Molecular formula is; (176.1/88)C₃H₄O₃ = C₆H₈O₆
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convalent bonds mobymax grade 8
Covalent bonds are a type of chemical bond where atoms share electrons in order to achieve a full outer shell and become more stable. This type of bonding usually occurs between non-metal atoms.
What is covalent bonds?Covalent bonds can be either polar or nonpolar. In a nonpolar covalent bond, the atoms share electrons equally, resulting in a molecule with no charge. In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are shared unequally, resulting in a molecule with partial charges on different ends.
Therefore, Covalent bonds are important in many biological molecules, such as DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates. They are also important in the formation of many chemical compounds, including water and many organic compounds.
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which of the following is and example of a chemical property?
Given 45.73 moles of BCl3, how many grams are present?
Mole measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. Therefore, 0.98grams are present in 45.73 moles of BCl\(_3\).
What is mole?The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity or amount of substance. We know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number. The stoichiometry represents the number of moles.
Mathematically,
number of moles of BCl\(_3\) =given mass of BCl\(_3\) ÷ molar mass of BCl\(_3\)
Molar mass of 1 mole of BCl\(_3\) = 46.264 g/mol
number of moles of BCl\(_3\) = 45.73 moles
Substituting all the given values in the above equation, we get
45.73 moles =mass of BCl\(_3\)÷46.264 g/mol
mass of BCl\(_3\) =0.98grams
Therefore, 0.98grams are present in 45.73 moles of BCl\(_3\).
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Name the following covalent molecules:
SeF
Answer:
do you mean DeF?
Explanation:
The lattice constant of a single crystal is 4.73 A. Calculate the surface density (#/cm2) of atoms on the (i) (100), (ii) (110), and (iii) (111) plane for a (a) simple cubic, (b) body-centered cubic, and (c) face - centered cubic lattice.
The lattice constant, also referred to as the lattice parameter, is 4.73 A for a single crystal. For simple cubic, body centered and face centered cubic lattice the calculations given below:-
The surface density of atoms on a single crystal plane can be calculated using the following formula:
= surface density
= 2 x Z / a^2
here "Z" is the number of atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the plane and "a" is the lattice constant.
Let's calculate the surface density of atoms on
(i) (100),
(ii) (110), and
(iii) (111) planes for each type of cubic lattice:-
(a) Simple cubic lattice:
(i) (100) plane:- Z = 1
(there is only one atom in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (100) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 1 / (4.73^2)
= 4.6 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
(ii) (110) plane:- Z = 2
(there are two atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (110) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 2 / (4.73^2)
= 9.2 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
(iii) (111) plane:- Z = 3
(there are three atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (111) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 3 / (4.73^2)
= 13.7 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
(b) Body-centered cubic lattice:
(i) (100) plane:- Z = 2
(there are two atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (100) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 2 / (4.73^2)
= 9.2 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
(ii) (110) plane:- Z = 4
(there are four atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (110) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 4 / (4.73^2)
= 18.4 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
(iii) (111) plane:- Z = 4
(there are four atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (111) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 4 / (4.73^2)
= 18.4 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
(c) Face-centered cubic lattice:
(i) (100) plane:- Z = 4
(there are four atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (100) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 4 / (4.73^2)
= 18.4 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
(ii) (110) plane:- Z = 4
(there are four atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (110) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 4 / (4.73^2)
= 18.4 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
(iii) (111) plane:- Z = 6
(there are six atoms in the unit cell along the perpendicular direction to the (111) plane).
= surface density
= 2 x 6 / (4.73^2)
= 27.6 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2
So, these are the surface densities of atoms on (100), (110), and (111) planes for simple cubic, body-centered cubic, and face-centered cubic lattices.
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As the pressure of a gas at 7 atm is changed to 3 atm at constant temperature, will the
volume of gas increase, decrease, or remain the same? Explain why in terms of how the
molecules are moving.
Using Boyle's law, As pressure is decreased, the volume will increase.
Boyle's Law describes how pressure and volume relate when the temperature is constant.
P1V1 = P2V2
When temperature is kept constant in this equation, pressure and volume have an inverse relationship.
When the volume is reduced, molecules have less room to move and collide more frequently, which raises the pressure. If the volume is increased, the molecules have more room to move, collisions occur less frequently, and the pressure is reduced.
The combined gas law, however, governs the connection between the three quantities when temperature is included.
As the gas volume decreases, the molecules hit the walls more frequently, raising the pressure; conversely, as the volume grows, the molecules must travel farther to contact the walls, reducing the frequency with which they do so and raising the pressure.
According to Boyle's law, a gas's pressure tends to decrease as its volume rises.
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What are three possible long-term consequences of two species occupying the same niche?
BER
Answer:
A niche is a specie's function in its habitat or its level on the food chain, so two species competing at the same level for the same food and habitat eventually one species will have to migrate or starve due to lack of food.
Determine the mass of 3.45 moles of Cobalt.
Answer:
203g
Explanation:
Multiply #moles by cobalt's molar mass:
molar mass= 58.9332g/ 1 mole)
3.45 mole Cobalt (58.9332g/ 1 mole)= 203g <-- 3 significant figures
According to the mole concept, mass of 3.45 moles of cobalt is 203.30 g.
What is a mole?Mole is defined as the unit of amount of substance . It is the quantity measure of amount of substance of how many elementary particles are present in a given substance.
It is defined as exactly 6.022×10²³ elementary entities. The elementary entity can be a molecule, atom ion depending on the type of substance. Amount of elementary entities in a mole is called as Avogadro's number.
It is widely used in chemistry as a suitable way for expressing amounts of reactants and products.For the practical purposes, mass of one mole of compound in grams is approximately equal to mass of one molecule of compound measured in Daltons. Molar mass has units of gram per mole . In case of molecules, where molar mass in grams present in one mole of atoms is its atomic mass.
Mass of 3.45 moles of cobalt is obtained as, mass=number of moles ×molar mass
Substitution of values gives ,mass=3.45×58.93=203.30 g.
Thus, the mass of 3.45 moles of cobalt is 203.30 g.
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This chemical equation represents a chemical reaction.
Na2CO3 + 2HCl - 2NaCl + CO2 + H20
Which chemical is a reactant in the reaction shown?
A. HCI
B. NaCl
C. CO2
D. H20
Answer:
A. HCl
Explanation:
on the left hand side we have reactants.
hope it helps!
Many industrial companies and car manufacturers design solutions to reduce pollution. Even so, chemicals still enter the atmosphere. Some of these pollutants combine with water in the air to form acid rain.
Which property of acids would cause acid rain to damage buildings over time?
A. Acids taste sour.
B. Acids react with metals.
C. Acids react with limestone.
D. Acids react with indicators.
I THINK THE ANSWER IS (C)
Part 2 of the question
What might be done to prevent acid rain damage to objects from metal and carbonate, such as limestone? Identify a metal object that could be damaged by acid rain. Then, describe what could be done to prevent acid rain damage to it. Do the same thing for an object that contains carbonate
The property of acids which would cause acid rain to damage buildings over time is:
Acids react with limestone.
The correct answer choice is option c.
This simply means that acids has this property which corrodes the surface they come in contact with especially stones.
One of those things which can be done to prevent acid rain damage to objects from metal and carbonate, such as limestone is coating the surface of the metal.However, this can be done by coating the surface of metals, or carbonate by coating it with other metals. By so doing, this can prevent acid rain damage to it.
That being said, by default, concentrated acids are highly corrosive.
Coating surfaces of metals can prevent acid rain damage to it
What is an acid?This refers to a substance which when dissolved in water, it produces hydrogen ion as the only positive ion in the solution.
So therefore, the property of acids which would cause acid rain to damage buildings over time is acids react with limestone.
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0.225L solution of H2CO3 is neutralized by 0.0880L of a 1.22 M Fe(OH)3 solution. What
is the concentration of the H2CO3 solution?
Answer:
0.716
Explanation:
First, write the balanced equation:
3 H2CO3 + 2 Fe(OH)3 ----> Fe2(CO3)3 + 6 H2O
Second, go from the molarity of H2CO3 to liters of Fe(OH)3
(Pull mole ratio from balanced equation)
1.22/1L x 0.0880/1 x 3molH2CO3/2molFe(OH)3 x 1/0.225L
Use calculator, and you end up with 0.7157333
Round to 0.716
what organisms have no seeds and no specialized tissues?
The European Union has imposed new tariffs on certain goods entering the region from other countries. When completing an analysis of the general environment, into which segment would you categorize this activity
The European Union's imposition of new tariffs on certain goods entering the region from other countries falls under the economic segment of the general environment. This segment includes factors such as economic growth, inflation, unemployment rates, and trade policies.
The imposition of tariffs is a significant trade policy decision that impacts not only the EU but also the countries exporting to it.
Tariffs are taxes on imported goods that make them more expensive for consumers and businesses in the importing country. By imposing tariffs, the EU aims to protect its domestic industries from foreign competition and reduce the trade deficit. However, this move may also have negative consequences, such as increased prices for consumers and retaliatory measures from exporting countries.
In analyzing the economic segment of the general environment, it is essential to consider the impact of policies such as tariffs on businesses and the economy as a whole. This can include evaluating how tariffs affect supply chain management, market competition, and consumer demand. Additionally, it is essential to understand how tariffs may impact international relations and global trade agreements.
In conclusion, the European Union's imposition of new tariffs falls under the economic segment of the general environment, and its impact on businesses and the economy should be carefully analyzed.
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How many atoms are in 4.3 moles of lithium?
In an ionic compound, the total positive charge of all the positive ions ____ the total negative charge of all the negative ions.
Answer:
I think it would be 0 since cations and anions must always combine in such a way so that their charges cancel.
What would happen to the water’s boiling point if MgSO4 is added to it?
Answer:
When Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate) dissolves, it separates into its ions: a magnesium ion (Mg2+) and a sulfate ion (SO4 2-), which results in hard water. When hard water and soap are mixed, the magnesium ion reacts with soap molecules and forms a solid material called a precipitate, which does not dissolve.
Explanation:
can i have brainlest
a cell in a lead-acid battery delivers exactly 2.00 v of cell potential based on the following cell reaction:
When a cell in a lead-acid battery delivers exactly 2.00 v of cell potential the ΔG° is -386 kJ.
Given,
n = 2
F = 96500 Columbs
E° (cell) = 2V
Relation between Gibbs free energy and potential difference is given as,
ΔG° = -nF E°(cell)
Where,
n = number of moles of electrons transferred = 2
F = Faraday = 96500 columbs
E° (cell) = potencial difference
∴ ΔG° = -nF E°(cell)
= - 2 x 96500 x 2
= -386kJ
Hence, the ΔG° for the following reaction is -386 kJ.
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A pool owner adds a compound containing chlorine to the pool to disinfect it. However, too much of the compound is added. As a result, the water becomes too acidic. What could the pool owner do to reduce the acidity of the pool
The question is incomplete, the complete question is;
A pool owner adds a compound containing chlorine to the pool to disinfect it. However, too much of the compound is added. As a result, the water becomes too acidic. What could the pool owner do to reduce the acidity of the pool?
He could add another acid to the pool to compete with the existing acid.
He could add a metal salt to the pool to precipitate the acid.
He could add a base to the pool to neutralize the acid.
Answer:
He could add a base to the pool to neutralize the acid.
Explanation:
The reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction. A neutralization reaction is defined as a reaction between an acid and a base leading to the formation of salt and water only.
If the owner of the pool discovers that the pool has become too acidic, all that needs to be done is to introduce a base into the pool that will neutralize the acid according to the reaction;
Acid + base ------> salt + water
In this reaction, which would be more stable?
reactants
neither
products
The reaction is an exothermic reaction and the products are typically more stable compared to the reactants.
Understanding Exothermic ReactionIn an exothermic reaction, the products of the reaction generally have lower potential energy (PE) than the reactants. This means that the products are more stable than the reactants.
During an exothermic reaction, energy is released in the form of heat or light. This release of energy indicates a decrease in potential energy, resulting in a more stable state for the products.
Therefore, in an exothermic reaction, the products are typically more stable compared to the reactants.
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As a scientist in a lab, you are handed an unknown a solid cylinder. The first thing you do is attempt to determine the density of material. You weigh the cylinder and find that it has a mass of 52 grams. You then place the cylinder into a graduated cylinder and it displaces 25 mL of water. What is the density of the unknown materials? *
a. 0.481 g/ml
b. 0.481 G/ML
c. 2.08 g/mL
d. 1.300 g/ml
Answer:
2.08
Explanation:
52/25=2.08
Which term represent a phase change ?
Burning
Melting
Expanding
Cutting
what is the realationship between chemicals and cancer
Answer:
Explanation:
"An early link between cancer and a chemical was found in the late 1700s. An English physician noted that a large number of chimney sweeps had cancer of the scrotum due to exposure to soot, which contains chemicals known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Since then, many more chemicals have been identified as known or suspected causes of cancer. "
Answer:
Chemical cause cancer
Explanation:
Which fuels would you take on a camping trip? Explain your choices.
Answer:
biofuel as it have many benefits and are emitted with greater advantages
Which characteristic is a behavior adaptation in birds?
of course migration
Explanation:
if you need help again i'll be there.
Answer:
yea its migration
Explanation:
explain why vehicles of mombasa rust faster than vehicles at nairobi
Answer:
The primary reason why cars in Mombasa rust faster than those in Nairobi is because the humidity ( water evaporation rate) in Mombasa is higher than that of Nairobi. Since Mombasa has higher temperatures the rate of water evaporation is higher which results into a higer humidity.
Explanation:
This is why cars in Mombasa rust faster than those in Nairobi
Find the volume in liters of a 1. 80 m solution of potassium chloride is required to prepare
0. 100 l of a 0. 600 m solution
the volume of a 1.80 M solution of potassium chloride that is required to prepare 0.100 L of a 0.600 M solution is 0.0333 L, or 33.3 mL.
To determine the volume of a 1.80 M solution of potassium chloride that is required to prepare 0.100 L of a 0.600 M solution, we can use the formula:
M1V1 = M2V2
where M1 is the initial molarity, V1 is the initial volume, M2 is the final molarity, and V2 is the final volume.
Let's use this formula to solve the problem:
M1 = 1.80 M (since we are starting with a 1.80 M solution)
V1 = ? (what we are trying to find)
M2 = 0.600 M (since we want to prepare a 0.600 M solution)
V2 = 0.100 L (since we want to prepare 0.100 L of the final solution)
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
1.80 M x V1 = 0.600 M x 0.100 L
Simplifying, we get:
V1 = (0.600 M x 0.100 L) / 1.80 M
V1 = 0.0333 L, or 33.3 mL
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In the Millikan oil droplet experiment, the oil is sprayed from an atomizer into a chamber. The droplets are allowed to pass through the hole into the chamber so that their fall can be observed. The top and bottom of the chamber consist of electrically charged plates. The upper plate is positively charged, and the lower plate is negatively charged. X rays are introduced into the chamber so that when they strike the oil droplets, the droplets will acquire one or more negative charges. The electric field (voltage) is applied to the metal plates.
Watch the animation and identify the effects of an electric field on the motion of a negatively charged oil droplet. Consider the gravitational force as Fg and the electric force as Fe. All the other forces acting on the oil droplet can be ignored as their effect on the motion of the oil droplet is negligible.
A/ In the absence of an electric field, the oil droplet falls freely due to the gravitational force.
B/ If Fe is increased until it is equal to Fg, the negatively charged oil droplet will remain stationary.
C/ If Fe is greater than Fg, the negatively charged oil droplet will move freely toward the negatively charged plate.
D/ In the presence of an electric field, the negatively charged oil droplet moves freely toward the negatively charged plate.
** I chose B, but that was the wrong answer
C/ If Fe is greater than Fg, the negatively charged oil droplet will move freely toward the negatively charged plate.
In the Millikan oil droplet experiment, the negatively charged oil droplets are subjected to an electric field created by the charged plates. The electric force (Fe) acts on the oil droplet in a direction opposite to the gravitational force (Fg). When Fe is greater than Fg, the electric force overcomes the gravitational force, causing the negatively charged oil droplet to experience an upward force. As a result, the oil droplet moves freely upward toward the negatively charged plate.
Option B is incorrect because if Fe is equal to Fg, the forces balance each other, resulting in a stationary droplet. However, the question states that Fe is increased until it is greater than Fg, implying that the droplet is no longer stationary but moves in response to the electric force.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer, as it describes the effect of an electric field on the motion of a negatively charged oil droplet in the Millikan oil droplet experiment.
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if 4 ml of 0.0250 m cuso4 is diluted to 10.0 ml iwth pure water, what isthe molarity of copper ii sulfate in the diluted soltuion
The molarity of copper sulfate in the diluted solution if 4 ml of 0.0250 m cuso4 is diluted to 10.0 ml with pure water is 0.02M.
What is Molarity?Molarity is defined as the ratio of moles of solute to the volume of solution.
Mathematically,
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution
Step 1 : Calculation of molesGiven,
Initial volume of CuSO4 = 4 ml = 4/1000 = 0.004 l
Molarity of CuSO4 = 0.0250 m
By substituting all the values, we get
0.025 = moles/ 0.004
moles = 0.025 × 0.004 = 0.000100 mol
Moles = 0.0001 mol.
Step 2 : Calculation of molarity of final volumeTotal volume = 0.004 l + 10 ml
= 0.004 + 0.001 = 0.005 l
Moles of CuSO4 = 0.0001 mol
Molarity = 0.0001 / 0.005 = 0.02 M
Thus, we concluded that the molarity of copper sulfate in the diluted solution if 4 ml of 0.0250 m cuso4 is diluted to 10.0 ml with pure water is 0.02M.
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a 1) How would you make 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution from a solid stock? Provide details of what kind of containers you would use.
To make 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution from a solid stock, you will require the following materials and containers.MaterialsSolid NaClDistilled water1-Liter volumetric flask250-mL volumetric flask 2-beakersProcedureTo prepare 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution, the following procedure should be followed:Measure out 100g of NaCl using a balance.
Measure the weight of an empty 250-mL volumetric flask.Add the NaCl to a 250-mL beaker and add a small amount of distilled water to it to dissolve the NaCl.Carefully pour the dissolved NaCl solution into the 250-mL volumetric flask. Add distilled water to the mark on the flask to make up the volume. Stopper the flask and invert it several times to mix the solution.Measure the weight of the 1-Liter volumetric flask.Add the 250-mL volumetric flask solution to a 1-Liter volumetric flask.Add distilled water to the mark on the flask to make up the volume.
Stopper the flask and invert it several times to mix the solution.The final volume of the solution will be 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution.PrecautionsEnsure the NaCl has completely dissolved before adding more water to avoid making a less concentrated solution.Measure the weight of the volumetric flask before and after adding the solution to calculate the volume of solution that was added.Use distilled water to prepare the solution.
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1. You are stirring a bowl of hot soup with a metal spoon. The spoon starts to feel warmer
A) conduction
B) convection
C) radiation
You are stirring a bowl of hot soup with a metal spoon. The spoon starts to feel warmer, this represents conduction.
What is conduction?One of the three primary methods for the transfer of heat energy is conduction. Radiation and convection are the other two methods through which heat is transferred. Heat energy is transferred through the mechanism of conduction when nearby atoms or molecules collide.
In liquids and solids where particles are more closely spaced, conduction happens more easily than in gases, wherein particles are more widely spaced. When there is a significant temperature differential between both the substances that are in contact, the rate of energy transfer through conduction is increased. You are stirring a bowl of hot soup with a metal spoon. The spoon starts to feel warmer, this represents conduction.
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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