Answer:
False that I believe is a food web
Explanation:
A food chain is a chain of one organism from grass to rabbits to fox that is a food chain
Image to compare and contrast the two
A pedigree diagram expresses the relationships of individuals, their gender, and the presence / absence of a specific trait. To be of much use in a genetic analysis, the pedigree must include several generations, preferably from a family with many children.
Objectives:
To familiarize students with the construction of human pedigrees. Students will apply their knowledge of inheritance patterns to pedigrees. Students will identify the relationships between individuals in a pedigree and determine what inheritance pattern is present in a family based on which individuals in the pedigree are affected and unaffected. Then students will assign individuals who are represented in a pedigree genotypes based on clues they interpret from the pedigree.
Pedigrees 1 - 5 can be found in the WORD or PDF files below this assignment in the weekly Moodle block
Consider the pedigree for cystic fibrosis. (See Pedigree 1.) An autosomal recessive gene (f) causes serious respiratory difficulties that usually lead to death of afflicted people by their late 30’s.
The generations are indicated by the Roman numerals on the left side of the pedigree. The members of each generation (related or not) are indicated by Arabic numbers. Females are represented by circles and males are represented with squares. Individuals with cystic fibrosis are shaded gray (or black). Thus, the 2 affected individuals are those in the 3rd generation: III-2 and III-4.
You have already learned about the inheritance pattern of CF. However, you could have inferred it from the pedigree. Because the disease only affects siblings in one generation, the disease is most likely to have autosomal recessive inheritance.
Because we know that cystic fibrosis is autosomal recessive, we can write the genotypes (entirely or in part) of all of the individuals in this family tree. Recessive homozygous individuals (ff) express the disease. Each normal individual has at least 1 dominant allele (F). We know that the individuals II – 2 and II – 3 are heterozygous (because this couple has a child with CF). The genotypes of the other 2 individuals in generation II can only be written as F_ because we do not know if they are FF or Ff.
QUESTIONS:
1. Using pedigree 1, list all of the possible genotypes of these individuals:
HINT: the easiest way to do this is to write letters (alleles) in, on the pedigree, for the people you know for sure. In this case, write the genotype that is homozygous recessive under the affected people. Then write out the genotypes of other individuals that you can infer. After you have filled in the genotypes on the pedigree, then fill out this chart.
Individual Genotype
I-1
I-2
I-3
I-4
II-1
II-2
II-3
III-1
III-2
III-3
III-4
III-5
2. Look at PEDIGREE #2. Do you think the trait shown is autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive? List all of the characteristics of the pedigree that justify your answer.
Use the letters "B" and "b" for the alleles.
3. What is the most likely genotype of individual I-2?
4. What does the notation like an upside-down T between II-3 and II-4 mean?
5. What is the chance that III-3 will have an affected child?
6. What is the chance that III-4 will have an affected child?
7. What is the genotype of individual III-2?
The family depicted in PEDGIREE #3 has some individuals with achondroplasia, a form of dwarfism. Note: (1) The homozygous dominant genotype is lethal; unfortunately infants with this genotype have such small ribs they cannot breathe at birth. (2) All of the people in the pedigree who have the dominant allele have the express the achondroplasia phenotype.
8. For each of the Genotypes listed below write every individual in pedigree 3 that has that genotype (Write then as “I-1, I-2, etc):
Individuals with genotype "AA"
Individuals with genotype "Aa"
Individuals with genotype "aa"
Individuals with genotype "AA" or "Aa"
Individuals with genotype "Aa" or "aa"
9. Look at Pedigree 4. Do you think the trait shown is autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive or something else? List all of the characteristics of the pedigree that justify your answer.
10. Look at Pedigree #5. What does the double line between individuals III-2 and III-3 indicate?
11. What inheritance pattern is present in pedigree #5?
12. Why are III-2 and III-3 in pedigree #5 more likely to have an affected child?
The pedigree diagram can be used to determine relationships.
What is a pedigree diagram?A pedigree diagram is a graphical representation used to track the inheritance of a particular trait or condition within a family. It typically shows the relationships between family members and the presence or absence of the trait in question.
In a pedigree diagram, individuals are represented by symbols such as circles (for females) or squares (for males), and lines connecting the symbols represent genetic relationships (e.g., parent-child, sibling, etc.).
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A stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified epithelium with squamous (flattened and scale-like) epithelial cells in the top layer.
A single thin layer of flattened cells to irregular boundaries makes up simple squamous epithelium. Those who line the walls of blood vessels and the lungs' air sacs. They also participate in physiological processes such as osmosis and diffusion.
A stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified epithelium with squamous (flattened and scale-like) epithelial cells in the topmost layer. Cuboidal or columnar cells may be found in the deeper layers. Some stratified squamous epithelia are heavily keratinized, while others are barely or not at all.
Squamous cells are thin, flat cells that resemble fish scales and are found in the skin's surface, the lining of hollow organs, and the lining of a respiratory and digestive tracts. Protective functions of stratified squamous epithelium include protection against microorganisms invading underlying tissue and/or protection against water loss. A single basal layer contains stem cells, 2-3 layers of proliferative basaloid cells in the suprabasal region, as well as larger keratinized cells near the surface.
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The more diverse an ecosystem is-
A- the more threatened it’s populations are
B- the more similar the species will be
C- the more sustainable it is
D- the fewer varieties of species are present
Answer:b
Explanation:
Tests: Watch the following video https://youtu.be/f6c2cZfOULI Start at 3:20.
What are the independent and dependent variables in this experiment?
Independent:
Dependent:
What is the control and the constants to ensure test validity in this experiment?
According to the information, we can infer that the Independent variable: Temperature (specifically, the range of temperature). On the other hand, Dependent variable: Distribution of pikas. Additionally, Control: Pikas within their tolerance range of temperature and Constants: Other environmental factors, habitat conditions, and population of pikas.
What are the independent and dependent variables in this experiment?In this experiment, the independent variable is the temperature, specifically the range of temperature. The researcher will manipulate and observe how different temperature ranges affect the distribution of pikas.
The dependent variable is the distribution of pikas. It refers to the geographical or spatial range in which pikas are found. The researcher will measure and analyze how the distribution of pikas changes in response to different temperature ranges.
What is control and the constants to ensure test validity in this experiment?To ensure test validity, a control group of pikas within their tolerance range of temperature needs to be included. This group will experience temperatures within the range they can tolerate, providing a baseline for comparison. By comparing the distribution of pikas in different temperature ranges to the control group, the researcher can determine the impact of temperature on their distribution.
To maintain validity, other environmental factors such as altitude, precipitation, vegetation, and habitat conditions should be kept constant across the experimental groups. Additionally, the population of pikas being studied should be consistent, without any significant changes in population size or genetic composition throughout the experiment. These constants help isolate the effect of temperature on pika distribution and minimize confounding variables.
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the meaning of photosynthesis in paragraph
Photosynthesis is a biological process that occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria. It is the process by which these organisms convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose (a type of sugar).
The theory of endosymbiosis proposes that eukaryotes descended from a primitive combination of both archaea and bacteria. What evidence supports this theory?
Which of the following best explains the importance of studying the ocean carbon cycle?
a. The oceans have a significant impact on the levels of atmospheric gases.
b. It is a new field of ocean science.
c. The ocean releases one quarter of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
d. All of the above
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
OA
OB
OC
OD
Answer:
a. The oceans have a significant impact on the levels of atmospheric gases.
Explanation:
The ocean carbon cycle influences the global climate system by controlling the quantity of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which is a primary greenhouse gas.
pls help i am in 8th grade k12
Answer: Many actors can post their work on
Explanation:
2. A cell is placed in a saltwater solution. The water ______ the cell will _______ the cell, _____________ the
size of the cell, meaning that the saltwater solution is ____________ to the cell.
A. inside, leave, decreasing, hypertonic B. inside, stay inside, decreasing, hypertonic
C. outside, enter, increasing, hypotonic D. outside, enter, increasing, hypertonic
A cell is placed in a saltwater solution. The water inside the cell will leave the cell, decreasing the size of the cell, meaning that the saltwater solution is hypertonic to the cell (option A).
What is osmosis?Osmosis is the net movement of solvent molecules, usually water, from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a partially permeable membrane.
If a cell is placed in a saltwater solution, it means the concentration of the solute outside the cell is more than that of the cell.
As a result, water will leave the cell (higher concentration) to the extracellular salt solution. It can be said that the salt solution is hypertonic.
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Which model supports the idea that, as matter flows between systems,
elements are recombined in different ways?
As matter and energy flow through different organizational levels of living systems, chemical elements are recombined in different ways to form different products.
What is energy flow?Energy flow is the amount of energy that moves along the food chain. This flow of energy is also called heat flow.An example of energy flow in an ecosystem begins with autotrophs drawing energy from the sun. Herbivores then eat autotrophs and convert plant energy into usable energy. Carnivores then eat herbivores, and eventually other carnivores prey on them. Bioavailable radiant or solar energy and solid state energy are two types of energy streams. The energy is delivered to producer consumers, such as animals. Energy can come directly or indirectly from producers. Ultimately, decomposers break down dead organisms, including plants and animals, to contribute nutrients.To learn more about energy flow from the given link :
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Fiona is writing a book on coral life. She is writing about the feeding pattern of corals. Help her complete the sentences.
as a byproduct of cellular respiration. The
The corals produce
and provide organic molecules as food to the corals.
Reset
Next
utilize this to carry out photosynthesis,
Fiona is writing a book on coral life. She is writing about the feeding pattern of corals. The corals produce as a byproduct of cellular respiration. The corals produce organic molecules and provide organic molecules as food to the corals. The corals utilize this to carry out photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is the process in which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy that they use to make food molecules from carbon dioxide and water. The feeding pattern of corals is symbiotic. In this pattern, a photosynthetic partner lives inside the coral's tissues.
The photosynthetic partner is either algae or photosynthetic bacteria. The photosynthetic partner uses the coral's waste products, mainly carbon dioxide and nitrogen, to make food molecules using light energy from the sun. These food molecules are then passed on to the coral.
The coral, in turn, provides the photosynthetic partner with nutrients in the form of ammonium, nitrate, and phosphorus. The organic molecules produced by the corals are used to provide energy to the corals. The corals use this energy to carry out various metabolic processes.
Some of these processes include cellular respiration, growth, and reproduction. The corals also use the energy to build their exoskeletons, which are made up of calcium carbonate. The corals utilize the organic molecules produced by the photosynthetic partner to carry out photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process in which the photosynthetic partner converts light energy into chemical energy.
The chemical energy is stored in the form of glucose. The corals then use this glucose to carry out metabolic processes. The relationship between the corals and the photosynthetic partner is mutualistic. The photosynthetic partner provides the coral with food, and the coral provides the photosynthetic partner with nutrients. This relationship is crucial for the survival of the coral reefs.
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Answer for room 5 punnet square escape room
In Punnett Square, a grid and letters are used. Lowercase letters correspond to recessive alleles, while capital letters signify dominant alleles.
What is Punnett square?The known genotypes of each parent are displayed using this tool to aid in predicting the potential genotypes of their offspring. It demonstrates how alleles are inherited or transmitted from parents to offspring.
It is frequently utilized in monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, where the theoretical results are predicated on the assumptions of segregation and independent allele distribution (according to Mendelian inheritance).
A tool that aids in displaying all potential allele pairings of gametes in a cross of parents with known genotypes in order to forecast the likelihood that their kids would carry specific allele combinations.
Therefore, In Punnett Square, a grid and letters are used. Lowercase letters correspond to recessive alleles, while capital letters signify dominant alleles.
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What is the basic unit of life
Technically this can be answered in a number of ways. But in elementary biology the cell is considered to be the basic unit of life.
why should granaries should be fumigated before storing grains
Before storing grains, granaries should be fumigated to protect the grains from pollutants and pests. In order to get rid of insects, parasites, and other pests that can infest grains and other stored food goods, fumigation is the technique of releasing a gas or vaporised pesticide in a closed environment.
Additionally, bacterial, fungal, and other germs that might contaminate and destroy food can be removed through fumigation. Because it can stop the spread of impurities and pests that could seriously harm stored grains, fumigation is a crucial stage in the process of preserving grains.
For instance, pests like moths, weevils, and beetles can infest and devour grains that have been kept, causing a considerable loss in production and quality. Moreover, fungus spores can cause spoilage.
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Before storing grains, granaries should be fumigated to protect the grains from pollutants and pests. In order to get rid of insects, parasites, and other pests that can infest grains and other stored food goods, fumigation is the technique of releasing a gas or vaporised pesticide in a closed environment.
Additionally, bacterial, fungal, and other germs that might contaminate and destroy food can be removed through fumigation. Because it can stop the spread of impurities and pests that could seriously harm stored grains, fumigation is a crucial stage in the process of preserving grains.
For instance, pests like moths, weevils, and beetles can infest and devour grains that have been kept, causing a considerable loss in production and quality. Moreover, fungus spores can cause spoilage.
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We can get along with other people better if we know
(A) what motivates people and what experiences they have had.
(B) how to manipulate people.
(C) how to avoid people completely.
Answer:
jey que tal
Explanation:
In simple dominance, the dominant trait
a. is masked by the recessive trait
b. masks the recessive trait
Answer:
b. maks the recessive trait
Quick explanation:
The dominant trait masks the reccessive gene, but the person still has the gene, it just won't affect them, it might affect their future generations. For example, the trait for blue eyes is a recessive trait, so in order for you to have blue eyes, both parents will need to have the gene for blue eyes.
9. Javier is a navigator for the navy His ship has just lost all power in the middle of the ocean, including access to your GPS. Which astronomical tool would be MOST helpful in this situation?
When doing the experiment of crossing drosophila. What are the prevaution and sources of error ?
Explanation:
Precautions:
1. Proper handling of drosophila: It is important to handle drosophila with care, avoiding rough handling and exposure to extreme temperatures.
2. Keeping the experimental setup clean: The experimental setup should be kept clean to avoid contamination and the spread of diseases.
3. Selection of appropriate crosses: The selection of appropriate crosses should be done carefully to obtain accurate results.
4. Use of appropriate food and media: The use of appropriate food and media is crucial for the growth and survival of drosophila.
5. Proper labeling and record-keeping: Proper labeling and record-keeping of experimental setups and crosses help to keep track of the results.
Sources of Error:
1. Mutation: Mutation can occur randomly in drosophila, leading to unpredictable and unexpected results.
2. Environmental factors: Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity can affect the growth and development of drosophila, leading to inaccurate results.
3. Contamination: Contamination with other organisms or pathogens can affect the results of the experiment.
4. Cross-contamination: Cross-contamination of different drosophila strains can affect the results of the experiment.
5. Human error: Human error, such as incorrect labeling or accidental mixing of samples, can affect the accuracy of the results.
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Wrong answers only!! What are 3 sustainable tourism takes into account
Answer:
• robing
• playing h&s
• Hw
Explanation:
How did Burger King get Dairy Queen pregnant?
Answer:
they where like McDonald's they broke the icecream maker
Both the full body plate type and the half body plate trait are also present in an ocean near the lake. Where would you expect a higher occurrence of the full body plate trait, in the lake or the ocean? Explain your answer
when there is a need for attention because of ecological divergence, the full-body plate type occurs more frequently in the lake.
What is Ecological Divergence?Divergent natural selection drives adaptation to distinct ecological niches, resulting in reproductive isolation, and ecological differences frequently emerge early in speciation. Despite the fact that this process is a major contributor to biodiversity, little is known about its genetic foundation.
A role for epistasis between the underlying genes is suggested by the fact that we discover that functional mismatches between phenotypic traits reduce the growth of some stickleback hybrids beyond what would be expected from an intermediate phenotype.
Both historically and in more recent studies of speciation genes, the evolution of intrinsic postmating isolation has received a lot of attention. Intrinsic isolation is frequently caused by genetic incompatibilities between loci, in which alleles that work well within a species are incompatible with one another when inserted into a hybrid's genome.
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Drag each characteristic to the correct category.
Viruses do not possess all the characteristics of life. Identify those characteristics that viruses display and those they don’t display.
made up of one or more cells
has a defined boundary
uses energy
exhibits growth and development
possesses internal organization
eliminates waste
Viruses are the acellular organisms that are non-living outside any living body. But once they are present inside a living body, they are able to multiply and increase their numbers inside the host cell. For this the viruses use host's energy and other components. They takeover host cell's machinery.
The internal organization of the viruses is composed of a genetic material either DNA or RNA, which is covered by a protein coat called the capsid. Viruses may or may not have an outer envelope made up of lipid.
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"The life cycle of a plant is a set of major stages that an organism will go through. Fruits start as spores that are embryos with food storage. When the seed germinates, the sprout will begin to grow. When the sprout begins to grow, it turns into a seedling and then an adult plant." What statement will correct the mistake in Martin's report?
The statement "Fruits start as spores that are embryos with food storage" is incorrect.
What are spores?A spore is a unit of reproduction in biology that can be adapted for dissemination and survival, frequently for long periods of time, in unfavorable environments.
It is untrue to say that fruits begin life as spores, which are embryos with food storage.
Fruits do not begin as spores; rather, after fertilization, they emerge from the ovary of a flower. In contrast, other plants, including ferns and mosses, reproduce asexually through the use of spores.
A correct response that would address Martin's report's error would be:
"After fertilization, seeds begin to form as embryos that can store nourishment inside the ovary of a flower. Once the seed has begun to grow, it will produce a sprout, which will later mature into a seedling and finally an adult plant."
Thus, this statement will correct the mistake in Martin's report.
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Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis. Show at least 5 sentences.
Mitosis and meiosis are two different kinds of cell cycle reproduction. They have many things in common together, such as being an asexual form of reproduction. Mitosis produces body cells, identical daughter cells that can grow an organism and replace old/dead cells. Meiosis on the other hand makes gametes; or reproductive cells. When mitosis happens, it goes through stage of the mitotic phase known as PMAT. PMAT stands for: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase; followed by cytokinesis. Meiosis on the other hand, goes through PMAT twice. After mitosis, the product is 2 identical cells, which are used to replace cells or to grow. After meiosis, 4 NON-identical cells are made, which contain HALF the set of chromosomes; hence being called a haploid cell.
Mitosis has only one round of cell division, while meiosis has two. Mitosis only occurs in body cells, while meiosis occurs in sex cells. Mitosis produces daughter cells, that are identical to the parent cell, while mitosis produces haploid/diploid cells that only have half of the normal number of chromosomes.
How do triglycerides found in animals differ from those found in plants.
Answer:
Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar ... Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals (Figure 3.3.1) . ... A fat may contain similar or different fatty acids attached to glycerol. ... If hydrogens are present in the same plane, it is referred to as a cis fat; ...
Explanation:
The triglycerides found in animals are solids while the triglycerides found in plants are generally liquids.
What do you mean by Triglycerides?Triglycerides may be defined as a type of ester that is considerably derived from glycerol and three fatty acids. They are the main constituents of body fat in humans and other vertebrates, as well as vegetable fat.
The Triglycerides that are found in animals are typically solid or semisolid. They have the same appearance and properties at room temperature and are classified as fats. Those triglycerides that are liquid are called oils and are derived chiefly from plants.
In animals, the carbon atoms in the fatty acids are saturated with hydrogen atoms. This permits them to lie straight and the molecules will pack neatly into a solid arrangement. In plants, missing hydrogen atoms cause kinks in the fatty acids which make the structure loosely compact, and thus they are liquids.
Therefore, the triglycerides found in animals are solids while the triglycerides found in plants are generally liquids.
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What determines whether a star will end its life cycle as a black hole or neutron star or as a white dwarf?
Answer:
Where a star ends up at the end of its life depends on the mass it was born with. Stars that have a lot of mass may end their lives as black holes or neutron stars. A low or medium mass star (with mass less than about 8 times the mass of our Sun) will become a white dwarf.
The initial mass of the star with which it was born will determine how the star will end its life cycle.
What are black holes, neutron stars, and white dwarfs?
Black holes are regions in space with an extremely high pull of gravitational force which cannot even be escaped by light. Black holes are formed when the central core of a dying star collapses in itself.
Neutron stars on the other hand are extremely dense dead stars. Neutron stars are extremely bright objects, unlike black holes. Black holes are extremely dark because they trap any surrounding light while neutron stars emit light.
The massive stars in the universe end up as neutron stars or black holes. A star that has a low or medium mass ends up as a white dwarf.
A white dwarf is a dying star with a mass comparable to the mass of our sun but a size comparable to the size of the earth. Thus they have high mass and low dimensions.
Therefore, the factor that determines what a star will end up as is its mass when it was born.
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Which of the following factors determines how harmful an introduced chemical will be on the environment? a. type of chemical b. concentration c. weather conditions d. all of the above Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D Mark this and return
Answer:
All of the above.
Explanation:
The type of chemical it is will impact how it effects the environment. The concentration is how strong the chemical is, and if it is very strong it will effect the environment even more. The weather conditions can impact how long the chemical stays in the environment.
A week bond between two hydrogen molecules;found between water molecules and nucleotides in DNA
Answer:The weak bond between two hydrogen atoms, which is commonly found between water molecules and nucleotides in DNA, is called a hydrogen bond.
Explanation:
Answer: Hydrogen Bond
Explanation:
Which of the following is located on a red blood cell that helps Forensics scientist determine a blood type? PLS HELP
Answer:
Antigen
Explanation:
People are assigned a blood type based on which antigen is found on their red blood cells.
Surgical removal of the human stomach would most directly affect the digestion of
Answer:
the intestinal contents
Explanation:
i believe this is the right one
1. What is your claim? (The claim must be accurate, specific, and answer the question - "Are Viruses Alive?". It is usually only one sentence in length.) 2. What is your evidence? (Include information and facts about viruses from the readings yesterday that support your claim.) 3. What is your reasoning? (How do the "Characteristics of Life" notes taken on Monday support or refute your claim? Use specific examples from the notes to connect your claim and evidence together here.)
Answer:
yes virses are alive because all living organisims have to be alive
Explanation:
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