air modeled as an ideal gas with a flow rate of 1 lb/s enters a one-inlet, one-exit control volume operating at steady state at 100 psia, 9000r and expands adiabatically to 25 psia. kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible. determine the rate of entropy production for (i) if the control volume encloses a turbine having an isentropic efficiency of 89.1%, and (ii) if the control volume encloses a throttling valve (assume exit temperature is 600 0r)

Answer:

IF the fruit juice contains a high level of vitamin C, THEN the preventative effectiveness against common cold increases.

Explanation:

The hypothesis is a testable explanation of a scientific investigation. It aims at predicting the outcome of the experiment. One feature of the hypothesis is that it must be testable. The hypothesis is usually written in an "IF, THEN" format.

This question is regarding an experiment to test the amount of vitamin C in fruit juice. The vitamin C is thought to be an effective preventative against common cold. Hence, the hypothesis connects the effect on common cold (dependent variable) with the amount of vitamin C (independent variable). The hypothesis can be written as:

IF the fruit juice contains a high level of vitamin C, THEN the preventative effectiveness against common cold increases.

C6H12(l) + 9O2(g) -> 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(g) is the balanced equation formed.

This is a balanced equation for the combustion of hexene (C6H12) in the presence of oxygen gas (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O). The coefficients are already balanced, and the states of matter are indicated as (l) for liquid, (g) for gas, and (aq) for aqueous. This reaction requires heat and a source of ignition to start the reaction.This equation indicates that one molecule of hexene will react with nine molecules of oxygen gas to produce six molecules of carbon dioxide gas and six molecules of water vapor. The reaction requires a heat source to initiate the combustion process, which produces a flame and releases energy in the form of heat and light. The conditions for this reaction are that hexene must be in its liquid state, and oxygen must be in its gaseous state.

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Answer:

2.69 mol NaCl

Explanation:

157.5/58.5 = 2.69 mol NaCl

Using the law of the conservation of mass, the reactions can be shown to obey the law.

We need to know what the law of the conservation of mass says so that we can be able to know how we can be able to apply the law in the proper perspective. We have to know that the law says that total mass of the system would remain constant. The implication of this is that the mass before the reaction would be the same as the mass after the reaction. The mass of the substance must be able to add up in the system that is under study as we have one here.

Mass of the iron = 56 g

Mass of the chlorine = 35.5 g

Balanced reaction equation;

\(2Fe + 3Cl_{2} ---- > 2FeCl_{3}\)

This is the  formation of the iron III chloride

Total mass on the right hand side = 2(56) + 6(35.5) = 325 g

Total mass on the left hand side = 2[56 + 3(35.5)] = 325 g

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In order to generate 4 moles of NO(g), energy must be supplied to the reaction. The standard enthalpy of formation of NO(g) is 90.2 kJ/mol, so 4 moles of NO(g) requires a total of 360.8 kJ of energy.

This energy is used to break the bonds of the reactants and form the bonds of the products. In the case of the reaction, the bonds of N2 and O2 must be broken and the bonds of NO formed. This requires energy to be supplied to the system.

The energy is used to overcome the activation energy barrier and allow the reaction to proceed. The energy is used to increase the kinetic energy of the reactants and allow them to react with each other.

Once the reaction has been initiated, the energy is released in the form of heat. This energy is used to drive the reaction forward, allowing the products to be formed.

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Answer: Helium has the smallest radius.

Explanation: Helium has the smallest atomic radius. Due to nuclear charges and stuff ect-

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

You can find the density of the object using the law: density = mass / volume.

If the density of the object is less than the density of water (1g/cm3) then it will float, otherwise, it should sink.

Answer:

The most important use of hydrocarbons is for fuel. Gasoline, natural gas, fuel oil, diesel fuel, jet fuel, coal, kerosene, and propane are just some of the commonly used hydrocarbon fuels. Hydrocarbons are also used to make things, including plastics and synthetic fabrics such as polyester.

Dοpamine, nοrepinephrine, and epinephrine are all chemical cοmpοunds classified as catechοlamines. They share a cοmmοn basic structure knοwn as a catechοl ring, which cοnsists οf twο adjacent hydrοxyl grοups (-OH) and a benzene ring. This structural similarity gives them certain cοmmοn prοperties and functiοns within the bοdy.

Additiοnally, dοpamine, nοrepinephrine, and epinephrine are neurοtransmitters and hοrmοnes that play impοrtant rοles in the central nervοus system (CNS) and the peripheral nervοus system (PNS). They are invοlved in variοus physiοlοgical prοcesses, including mοοd regulatiοn, stress respοnse, and the regulatiοn οf heart rate and blοοd pressure.

While there are differences in their specific functiοns and target receptοrs, these three cοmpοunds share cοmmοn biοsynthetic pathways and are derived frοm the aminο acid tyrοsine. Dοpamine is a precursοr fοr nοrepinephrine, and nοrepinephrine is a precursοr fοr epinephrine, making them part οf a metabοlic pathway in the synthesis οf these neurοtransmitters/hοrmοnes.

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Answer: The answer is 457.9

Explanation: Realistically all you have to do is add both of the temperatures and then you can figure out the original heat. Since the heat drops 426.7 degrees and it comes to 31.2 degrees its 426.7 + 31.2 = 457.9.

The pKa of the acid is 4.05

Calculation of pKa:

pKa tells about the strength of acidic molecule.

\(pK_{a}= -log[K_a]\)

Where Ka is the dissociation constant of an acid.

According to Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

\(pH= pK_{a} + log\frac{[salt]}{[acid]} \\\)

pH= 4.41

Concentration of acid= 0.32M

Concentration of salt= 0.14M

Putting the values in the equation,

\(4.41= pK_{a} + log\frac{0.32}{0.14}\\\\4.41= pK_{a} + 0.36\\\\pK_{a}= 4.41 - 0.36\\pK_{a}= 4.05\)

The pKa of the acid is 4.05.

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According to the graph presented, we can see that NaNO3 has a higher solubility at 30°C, as we can see more than 100 grams of NaNO3 can be dissolved in 100 grams of water, whereas all other solutes will have a way lower value. Letter D

Answer:

I'm sorry, but I cannot see the observations or the data table you mentioned in your question. However, I can still provide you with some general guidance on how to approach the calculations and answer the questions based on the given information.

4. To calculate the concentration of the NaOH solution, you need to know the mass of NaOH used and the volume of the solution. The formula to calculate concentration is:

Concentration (in mol/L) = (Mass of NaOH (in grams) / molar mass of NaOH) / Volume of solution (in L)

Make sure to convert the mass of NaOH to moles by dividing it by the molar mass of NaOH. The molar mass of NaOH is the sum of the atomic masses of sodium (Na), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H).

5. The balanced equation for the neutralization reaction between NaOH and HCl is:

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

(aq) represents an aqueous solution, and (l) represents a liquid.

6a. To calculate the average concentration of HCl in the sample from site B, you need to know the volumes and concentrations of the NaOH and HCl solutions used in the titration. Use the formula:

Concentration of HCl (in mol/L) = (Volume of NaOH solution (in L) * Concentration of NaOH (in mol/L)) / Volume of HCl solution (in L)

Multiply the volume of NaOH solution used by its concentration to find the amount of NaOH used. Then, divide this amount by the volume of HCl solution used to find the concentration of HCl.

6b. To determine the pH of the water at site B, you need to know the concentration of HCl from the previous calculation. The pH can be calculated using the formula:

pH = -log10[H+]

Since HCl is a strong acid, it dissociates completely into H+ ions. Therefore, the concentration of H+ ions is equal to the concentration of HCl. Take the negative logarithm (base 10) of the H+ concentration to find the pH.

To check if the water is safe, compare the calculated pH value to the range provided (pH 4.5-7.5). If the pH falls within this range, the water is considered safe for plant and animal reproduction in an aquatic environment.

6c. Use a similar calculation as in 6a to determine the average concentration of HCl in the sample from site C.

6d. Use the concentration of HCl from 6c to calculate the pH using the formula in 6b. Follow the same procedure to check if the water is safe based on the pH range.

7. To find the most current pH value for the Grand River, you can search for the latest data from reliable sources such as environmental agencies, research institutions, or government websites. Compare this pH value to the pH values obtained in the experiment to assess the difference between them.

Remember, without the specific data and observations, the calculations and comparisons provided here are only general guidelines. It's important to use the actual data from your experiment to obtain accurate results and conclusions.

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A mass of gas has a pressure of 450 kPa and temperature of 140°C. The pressure is doubled during a process but the volume remains unchanged.

In order to solve this problem, we need to apply Charles' Law: V1/T1 = V2/T2. Since the volume remains unchanged, we can simplify this to T1/P1 = T2/P2. T1 and P1 are the initial temperature and pressure, respectively. T2 is the unknown final temperature, and P2 is double the initial pressure (i.e., 2P1).

Substituting the given values:140 + 273 = 413 K450 kPa * (2) = 900 kPa413 K/450 kPa = T2/900 kPaT2 = (413 K / 450 kPa) * (900 kPa) = 756 KWe must then subtract 273 to convert from kelvin to Celsius. Therefore, T2 = 483°C, which is the new temperature.

In this case, the gas law to apply is Charles’ law which states that at a constant pressure, the volume of a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. The general equation of Charles' law is V1/T1 = V2/T2, where V is the volume of the gas, T is the temperature, and the subscripts 1 and 2 denote initial and final states, respectively. For our question, since the volume remains unchanged, we can simplify this to T1/P1 = T2/P2. T1 and P1 are the initial temperature and pressure, respectively. T2 is the unknown final temperature, and P2 is double the initial pressure (i.e., 2P1).

Therefore, T2 = (T1 x P2)/P1. We can substitute the given values into the formula and solve for T2 as follows.

140 + 273 = 413 K450 kPa x 2 = 900 kPa

T2 = (413 K x 900 kPa)/450 kPa = 826 K

Subtracting the value of absolute zero (273) from 826, we obtain T2 = 553°C. This is the final temperature of the gas after doubling the pressure.

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Pb's crystal structure is more accommodating to solute atoms, allowing it to accommodate more Sn atoms. Sn atoms tend to cluster together and form distinct regions in a Pb-Sn alloy.

The ability of a solid solution to accommodate atoms of another element depends on the atomic size, crystal structure, and electronic configuration of both the solvent (major component) and the solute (minor component) atoms.

In the case of lead (Pb) and tin (Sn), they are both metallic elements with similar crystal structures and atomic radii. However, Pb has a more complex crystal structure than Sn, which allows for more spaces (interstices) for solute atoms to occupy. Additionally, Sn atoms have a greater atomic mass than Pb atoms, which means they have a stronger tendency to cluster together and form distinct regions within the microstructure.

Therefore, a sample of Pb can accommodate more Sn atoms in its microstructure compared to how many atoms of Pb a sample of Sn of the same size can accommodate because the crystal structure of Pb is more accommodating to solute atoms and the Sn atoms are more likely to cluster together and form distinct regions within the microstructure of a Pb-Sn alloy.

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Answer:

NaOH forms Na + and OH- when added into water

Answer

The formula form of Manganese (IV) perbromate is

Explanation

The formula of Manganese is Mn

The formula for perbromate is BrO₄⁻

Oxidation number of Manganese (IV) = +4, That is Manganese (IV) is Mn⁺⁴

Therefore, multiply the charge of manganese by 1 and perchlorate by 4 t

ΔG for the given reaction is approximately 168.2 kJ/mol.

The Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for a reaction can be calculated using the following equation:

ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln(Q)

where ΔG° is the standard free energy change, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and Q is the reaction quotient.

At equilibrium, ΔG = 0 and Q = K, where K is the equilibrium constant. We can use the relationship between K and ΔG° to solve for ΔG:

ΔG° = -RT ln(K)

Rearranging this equation, we can solve for ln(K):

ln(K) = -ΔG°/RT

Substituting the given values, we get:

ln(K) = -ΔG°/RT = -(220000 J/mol)/(8.314 J/(mol K)×1500 K) = -17.33

Taking the exponential of both sides, we get:

K = \(e^{-17.33}\) = 2.24 x 10⁻⁸

We can then calculate the reaction quotient Q:

Q = (P(Cl2))²/[AgCl]² = (3.29 x 10⁻³ atm)²/(2×[AgCl]²)

Since AgCl is a sparingly soluble salt, we assume that its concentration is very low compared to the concentration of Cl₂, and we can neglect its contribution to the pressure. Therefore, we can approximate Q as:

Q ≈ (3.29 x 10⁻³ atm)²/(2×(1.77 x 10⁻¹⁰ mol²/L²)) = 1.50 x 10¹²

Finally, we can calculate ΔG using the equation:

ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln(Q) = (220000 J/mol) + (8.314 J/(mol×K) × 1500 K) × ln(1.50 × 10¹²) ≈ 168.2 kJ/mol

Therefore, the Gibbs free energy change for the given reaction at 1500 K and 3.29 x 10⁻³ atm is approximately 168.2 kJ/mol.

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Baking Soda is a substance is in nature.

Thus, An alkaline white powder called baking soda is a staple of contemporary kitchens. One significant brand is largely to blame for its rise. Dr. Austin Church and John Dwight, two brothers-in-law, joined forces to market baking soda in 1846 and baking soda.

The product was called Arm & Hammer Church & Co's bicarbonate of soda, and it was created in Dwight's kitchen. Arm & Hammer planned to demonstrate to the populace the ingredient's versatility by 1860.

They started handing out small cookbooks filled with recipes for various foods, including bread, cakes, cookies, puddings, and baking soda.

Thus, Baking Soda is a substance is in nature.

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True. In a concentration cell, the emf is generated by a concentration gradient between the two half-cells. The half-cell with lower concentration will act as the anode and the one with higher concentration will act as the cathode.

The emf of a concentration cell is derived from a concentration gradient wherein the less concentrated cell acts as the anode and the more concentrated cell acts as the cathode. The emf of a concentration cell is indeed derived from a concentration gradient. In this setup, the less concentrated cell acts as the anode, and the more concentrated cell acts as the cathode. This creates an electrochemical potential difference, which generates the electromotive force (emf) in the concentration cell.

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The number of mole of methane, CH₄ needed to produce 5.75 moles of water vapour is 2.875 moles

We'll begin by obtaining the moles of CH₄ that reacted from the balanced equation:

CH₄ + 2O₂ -> CO₂ + 2H₂O

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles of H₂O were obtained from 1 mole of CH₄

Using the above information, we can determine the number of moles of CH₄ needed for the reaction. Details below:

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles of H₂O were obtained from 1 mole of CH₄

Therefore,

5.75 moles of H₂O will be obtained from = (5.75 × 1) / 2 = 2.875 moles of CH₄

Thus, we can conclude that the number of moles of CH₄ needed is 2.875 moles

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\(\frac{(28)(92.2297)+(29)(4.6832)+(30)(3.0872)}{100} \approx \boxed{28.11 \text{ amu}}\)

The average atomic mass in amu of this element using four significant figures would be 28.10 atomic mass units.

It is the sum of the mass of all the protons as well as the neutrons that are present inside the nucleus.

As given in the problem, there are three isotopes of an element, X-28, X-29, and X-30, with relative abundances of 92.2297%, 4.6832%, and 3.0872%, respectively, then the average atomic mass in amu of this element using four significant figures would be

The average  atomic mass of the element X = 0.922297×28 + 0.046832×29 + 0.030872×30

                                                        = 28.10 atomic mass units

Thus, the atomic mass of the element X in the four significant figures would be 28.10 atomic mass unit

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The element selenium (Se) with atomic number 34 possesses four p electrons.

Explanation:

In the periodic table, the p-block elements are located in groups 13 to 18, and they have valence electrons in the p orbital. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, distributed among three suborbital (px, py, and pz) with a maximum of two electrons in each.

Selenium is located in Group 16, also known as Group 6A, which means it has six valence electrons. To determine the number of p electrons, we subtract the number of core electrons (filled energy levels) from the total number of valence electrons. In the case of selenium, the core electron configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4, indicating that it has 28 core electrons.

Subtracting this from the total valence electrons (6), we find that selenium has four p electrons.

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During the light reactions water is oxidized to O2. hydrogen go to Used in the reduction of NADP+.

The photolysis process, sometimes referred to as the light reaction, occurs when light is present. Typically, it occurs in the chloroplasts' grana. Pigment molecules are present in photosystems. One of the key pigments in plants that actively participates in light-related processes like photosynthesis is chlorophyll. In the chloroplast of the mesophyll cells of the leaves, a light-dependent process takes place. The stacked disc-like structures known as thylakoids make up the double-membraned cell organelles known as chloroplasts. The membrane of these thylakoids contains the pigment chlorophyll, which is necessary for the process and is where the light reaction takes place.

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The production of carbon-14 occurs to a large extent in nuclear reactors.

Hence, option D is correct

Carbon-14 is a weakly radioactive isotope of Carbon; also known as radiocarbon, it is an isotopic chronometer.

Carbon-14 is produced in the stratosphere by nuclear reactions of atmospheric nitrogen with thermal neutrons produced naturally by cosmic rays (with the highest production rate 10 to 13 miles above Earth's poles), as well as by atmospheric nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s and '60s.

Hence, option D is correct

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Answer:

I think its (B)

Explanation:

as when the air thins out at higher elevations, your lift decreases so at some point, the plane cant produce enough lift to overcome gravity.

B. Al. Al(Aluminium) is the limiting reactant because it is used up first in the reaction.

Aluminium is a silvery-white, lightweight metal that is the third most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. It is a strong and durable metal that has a wide range of applications, from construction and transportation to packaging and electronics. Aluminium is also non-toxic, non-magnetic and non-sparking, making it an ideal material for a variety of uses. Aluminium is also corrosion-resistant, which makes it ideal for outdoor applications.From the reaction \(2 Al + 3 CuBr_2\rightarrow 2 AIBr_3 + 3 Cu\). Since three moles of Al are combined with three moles of \(CuBr_2\), there are more \(CuBr_2\) molecules than Al molecules available for the reaction. This means that once all of the Al has been used up, there will still be some \(CuBr_2\) left over. Therefore, Al is the limiting reactant.

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Answer:

37%+24%+23%=84% , i wish my answer is correct

Answer:

BaCl2 + K2CrO4  Al2(SO4)3 + K2CrO4 BaCl2 + KCl

Explanation: