Antipsychotic drugs can cause tardive dyskinesia by mimicking the effects of increased dopamine in the brain.
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is essential for controlling behavior, mood, and movement. The earlier or first-generation antipsychotic medications, in particular, block dopamine receptors in the brain, which can result in a reduction in dopamine activity. Dopamine supersensitivity is a syndrome that develops as a result of the brain gradually expanding the number of dopamine receptors to make up for this decline.
The abrupt rise in dopamine activity that occurs when an individual with dopamine supersensitivity ceases taking antipsychotic medication or when the dosage is lowered can result in tardive dyskinesia, which is uncontrollable movements. These can involve quick, repeated motions of the face, tongue, and other body parts.
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Antipsychotic drugs cause tardive dyskinesia by mimicking the effects of increased dopamine.
Tardive dyskinesia is a movement disorder that is characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements of the face, mouth, and extremities. It can be a side effect of long-term treatment with antipsychotic medications, particularly those that block dopamine receptors in the brain.
Antipsychotic drugs are commonly used to treat conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. By blocking dopamine receptors, these medications can help to reduce the symptoms of psychosis, such as hallucinations and delusions. However, prolonged use of these drugs can lead to changes in the brain's dopamine system, which can result in tardive dyskinesia.
Other factors that may contribute to the development of tardive dyskinesia include age, gender, and the type and dosage of antipsychotic medication. Treatment for tardive dyskinesia may include reducing or discontinuing the antipsychotic medication, switching to a different medication, or using medications that target the dopamine system in a different way.
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Discuss normality and abnormality of sex orientation among children and adolescents in a school context.
Sexual orientation is a complex aspect of human development that involves the individual's romantic, emotional, and sexual attraction to others. In children and adolescents, sexual orientation is still in the process of development and can be influenced by a variety of factors, including genetics, environment, and personal experiences.
Normality and abnormality of sexual orientation in children and adolescents should not be judged based on societal norms or stereotypes. It is essential to recognize that sexual orientation is a natural aspect of human diversity, and there is no one "normal" or "abnormal" sexual orientation. All sexual orientations, including heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality, are normal and valid.
In a school context, it is crucial to provide a safe and inclusive environment that respects the diversity of sexual orientations. Schools should provide comprehensive sexuality education that includes information about sexual orientation and gender identity to help students understand and respect each other's differences.
It is also essential to address discrimination and harassment based on sexual orientation or gender identity in schools. Teachers and staff should be trained on how to create a safe and inclusive environment for all students, regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity.
Parents and caregivers can also play a crucial role in supporting their children's sexual orientation. They can provide a safe and supportive environment for their children to explore and express their sexual orientation without fear of rejection or discrimination.
In conclusion, sexual orientation in children and adolescents is a normal aspect of human diversity and should be respected and valued. Creating a safe and inclusive environment in schools and at home can help support the healthy development of children and adolescents, regardless of their sexual orientation.
7. kim is using bronchodilators for asthma. the side effects of these drugs that you need to monitor this patient for include:
Answer:
tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, heart palpitations, inability to sleep, restlessness, and seizures.
Explanation:
preindopril mechanism of action ?
Answer:
inhibition of ACE activity.
Explanation:
The mechanism through which perindoprilat lowers blood pressure. ACE is a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes conversion of the inactive decapepetide, angiotensin i, to the vasoconstrictor, angiotensin ii.
Perindopril, and generally any medication ending in the suffix -pril, is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, meaning its mechanism of action is to block the conversion of blood hormone angiotensin 1 to vasoconstricting blood hormone angiotension 2, as well as increase increase plasma levels of enzyme renin and reduce levels of aldosterone, with the goal of causing systemic vasodilation which leads to a decrease in blood pressure in those with hypertension (HTN) and decreased risk of death from cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Word parts that are followed with a dash (-) like gastro- in gastrointestinal are
Answer:
called combining forms or combining words. They are word parts that are used to create compound words, often in the field of medicine and biology. These word parts are typically derived from Greek or Latin roots and are used to describe various body parts, diseases, conditions, and procedures.
The word "gastro-" is a combining form that refers to the stomach. For example, "gastrointestinal" means "relating to the stomach and intestines." Other examples of combining forms that are used in medical terms include "cardio-" (relating to the heart), "neuro-" (relating to the nerves), "hepat-" (relating to the liver), and "renal" (relating to the kidneys).
Combining forms are also used in other fields, such as chemistry, geology and other sciences to create compound words, and they are an important tool in building new terms in the field of medicine and biology, and many other fields.
You are assessing a 25-year-old woman who is 39 weeks pregnant. She is experiencing regular contractions that are approximately 3 minutes apart and states that her amniotic sac broke 2 hours ago. After taking the standard precautions, you should:
An immobile patient is susceptible to all of the following alterations EXCEPT: a) respiratory infections b) blood clotsc) an increased appetite d) bedsores.
c) an increased appetite. Apart for an increased appetite, all of the following changes can occur in an immobile patient (option c). Patients who remain immobile are more likely to experience a variety of problems.
Such as blood clots, pressure ulcers, and bedsores. Muscle atrophy, slowed metabolism, and hormonal changes brought on by immobility can all have an impact on a patient's appetite. Yet, while it may happen in some individuals as a result of other variables like medicine, stress, or boredom, an increased appetite is not a direct result of immobility. c) a bigger appetite. Besides from an increased hunger, an immobile patient may experience any of the following changes: (option c). A multitude of issues are more likely to affect patients who don't move around.
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how does smoking affects human body
Answer:
Your lungs which equals lung cancer
when a surgeon encounters bleeding, all of the following can be used to control or assist hemostasis, except:
When a surgeon encounters bleeding, all of the following can be used to control or assist hemostasis, except for anticoagulants which can worsen bleeding.
When a surgeon encounters bleeding, all of the following can be used to control or assist hemostasis, except for anticoagulants. Common methods to control bleeding include electrocautery, sutures, hemostatic agents, and manual pressure. Anticoagulants, on the other hand, inhibit blood clotting and would not be helpful in this situation.
All of the following, with the exception of anticoagulants, can be used to manage or aid hemostasis when a surgeon encounters bleeding. Hemostatic medications, sutures, electrocautery, and physical pressure are often used techniques to stop bleeding. Contrarily, anticoagulants prevent blood from clotting and would not be useful in this case.
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Which of these actions is legally required when dealing with medical records?
how to cure redundant prepuce after circumcision without surgery
patients with advanced emphysema experience difficulty in breathing during exercisebecause of:
Patients with advanced emphysema experience difficulty breathing during exercise primarily due to two factors: reduced lung function and air trapping. Emphysema is a chronic lung condition characterized by damage to the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs.
This damage results in reduced lung function, making it harder for the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide effectively. Consequently, patients with emphysema struggle to receive adequate oxygen during exercise, leading to shortness of breath and fatigue. Air trapping is another issue faced by emphysema patients. The damaged air sacs lose their elasticity, causing the small airways to collapse during exhalation. This trapped air occupies space in the lungs, limiting the capacity to inhale fresh air and further impairing oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
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What organs work together in the human body or which organs are grouped together?.
A Group of organs working together is called an organ system.
What is an organ system?An organ system is a collection of organs that cooperate to carry out a certain task in the body of an organism. Organs, which are self-contained collections of tissues like the heart that cooperate to carry out a single function, are present in the majority of animals and plants. Mammals, including humans, have a variety of organ systems. The circulatory system, which consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries, is an illustration of an organ system.
There are 11 distinct organ systems in the human body which are:
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forensic nurses use their biological and psychological knowledge to care for victims of violence and blank?
Forensic nurses use their biological and psychological knowledge to care for victims of violence and abuse.
Who are forensic nurses?The skills of forensic nurses include the gathering and preservation of evidence, the documentation of injuries and other discoveries, the provision of medical care and emotional support, and expert witness testimony in court.
Also, forensic nurses collaborate with members of the legal and law enforcement communities to make sure that victims get the justice and care they are entitled to.
They are essential for the recognition, investigation, and punishment of crimes as well as for preventing further abuse and violence.
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Initiated first unit of blood. After 30 min of blood infusing client reports chills along with headache. Flushing of face and client appears anxious. Alert and oriented to place and time. Lungs clear to auscultation. Obtained vital signs and oxygen saturation. Iv site is clean and intact
The symptoms that the client is experiencing could potentially indicate a transfusion reaction, specifically a febrile non-hemolytic reaction.
As the nurse, you should stop the blood transfusion immediately and keep the IV line open with normal saline to maintain IV access. Notify the healthcare provider and the blood bank of the reaction and follow facility protocol for transfusion reactions.
You should also reassess the client's vital signs, respiratory status, and level of consciousness. Administer medications and treatments as ordered by the healthcare provider, such as antipyretics or antihistamines.
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Mr. Rogers, a letter carrier for the US Postal Service, is being seen in the healthcare facility because he was bitten on the ankle by a Yorkshire terrier, and the ankle has become infected. Mr. Rogers’s provider and medical assistant are discussing the patient’s condition and history outside the examination room. Mr. Edelman is heading toward the reception desk. He overhears the entire conversation, including the somewhat embarrassing story of how Mr. Rogers lost a fingertip 8 years ago after offering a leftover chicken nugget to a cocker spaniel on his route. Have the provider, and medical assistant violated the HIPAA Privacy Rule? Discuss.
Answer:
Yes, they have violated HIPAA.
Explanation:
Yes, the provider and medical assistant violated the HIPAA Privacy Rule by discussing Mr. Rogers’s condition and history outside the examination room where other people could overhear them. The HIPAA Privacy Rule requires covered entities to protect the privacy of PHI (Protected Health Information). If you believe that a HIPAA-covered entity or its business associate violated your (or someone else’s) health information privacy rights or committed another violation of the Privacy, Security, or Breach Notification Rules, you may file a complaint with the Office for Civil Rights (OCR).
Which of the following statements is generally true about in the workplace?
A) Most people accept change easily.
B) Change in the workplace happens fairly infrequently.
C) Smart companies can avoid change altogether.
D) Individuals can learn to manage the change in their lives.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I think its D because the others just sound not right at all no workplace of mine does those 3 other things
Answer: i would go with d
Explanation:
1. which of the following is LEAST likely associated with alcohol consumption?
A. Heart disease
B. hypertension
C. obesity
D. cirrhosis of the liver
2.Disaster preparedness plans can be formed to:
(A) Develop scenarios of what might happen and the likelihood
(B) Build homes for people after a disaster
(C) Aand B only
(D) Train first responders and managers to deal with such emergencies
(E) All of the above
1. Obesity is the least likely to be associated with alcohol consumption. While excessive alcohol consumption can lead to weight gain and contribute to obesity, it is not typically considered one of the primary health risks associated with alcohol consumption.
The other options listed (heart disease, hypertension, and cirrhosis of the liver) are commonly linked to excessive alcohol consumption.
2. All of the above are possible outcomes of disaster preparedness plans. Developing scenarios and assessing the likelihood of disasters can help communities better understand and prepare for potential threats.
Building homes for people after a disaster is a key component of disaster recovery efforts. Training first responders and emergency managers is also critical in order to ensure an effective response to disasters.
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Patient Profile #2
M.M. is a 90-year-old woman who recently had a stroke and is now in a nonresponsive state on the medical unit. She has one daughter, Jen, who has stayed with her day and night since M.M. was admitted. The health care provider informed Jen a few hours ago that there is little hope of her mother recovering. Jen is tearful and tense, questioning, "Why did this happen?" You are concerned about Jen’s health, especially with regard to her high stress level. After assessing the situation, you determine that Jen could benefit from some stress management strategies.
Subjective Data
• States she is exhausted, and cannot stop crying
• Cannot remember when she last ate
• Has not been taking her diabetes medications
• Objective Data
• Cries frequently; she appears pale and weak
• Discussion Questions
To develop a plan to help Jen cope with this situation, what initial information should you obtain?
Jen should be questioned about her personal life, the death of a loved one, her job, and medical and psychological illnesses that contribute to stress.
Untreated stress can lead to a variety of physical issues and psychiatric diseases, including chronic stress. When the stress reaction persists and physical sickness and stress levels rise, it disrupts their everyday lives and contributes to self harm and substance misuse.
In this case, we have the following options for dealing with stress:
-Help Jen concentrate her thoughts in spiritual and traditional following and worship.-increase her focus on activities and interests that will help her cope with the bereavement process.- Increase her physical activity, healthy eating habits, nutrition monitoring, and exercise to avoid and manage stress symptoms.-Advice on medication adherence minimizes the risk of stress complications.-Suggest to her that she communicate her feelings, emotions, thoughts, and old recollections.-Join her in a support group to express your thoughts and experiences.-join her in alternative medicine (yoga, meditation).-consult a dietitian and seek counseling for nutritional guidance and stress management.To learn more about creating a medical plan, here
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A deficiency in __________ is experienced by the majority of children under age 5 in developing countries; this deficiency leads to fatigue, irritability, and difficulty sustaining attention.
A deficiency in iron is experienced by the majority of children under age 5 in developing countries.
What is iron deficiency?Iron deficiency is defined as the lack of sufficient iron in the body leading to a type of anemia called iron deficiency anemia.
The clinical manifestations of this deficiency include;
fatigue, irritability, and difficulty sustaining attention.It is usually experienced by the majority of children under age 5 in developing countries.
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How long does it take for hydrocodone to get out of your system.
Hydrocodone is a prescription medication used to relieve severe pain. After taking it, the drug will enter the bloodstream, where it will be processed and eventually excreted from the body. Typically, it takes 24 to 48 hours for hydrocodone to get out of your system.
Hydrocodone is metabolized in the liver and eliminated from the body through the kidneys and feces. The half-life of hydrocodone is around four hours, which means that it takes around four hours for half of the drug to be eliminated from your system. However, it may take longer for the drug to be completely eliminated. Other factors, such as dosage, frequency of use, and individual metabolism, can also affect how long hydrocodone stays in your system. In general, it takes around 24 to 48 hours for hydrocodone to be cleared from your body. However, it can take longer if you have been taking the drug for a prolonged period or if you have been taking a high dosage.
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The new graduate nurse that just started orientation 6 weeks ago in the Emergency room. After receiving disaster training, which statement indicates that the new nurse needs additional disaster orientation?
a. An internal disaster is anything that may cause an influx of clients disrupting the normal shift without notice.
b. An external disaster is anything that endangers clients, staff, or requires evacuation or relocation with or without notice.
c. An internal disaster is anything that doesn’t impair the operations of the hospital but disrupts normal client care.
d. Any situation that creates an environment that endangers healthcare workers.
The statement that indicates the new nurse needs additional disaster orientation is option (C) "An internal disaster is anything that doesn't impair the operations of the hospital but disrupts normal client care."
This statement does not accurately define an internal disaster. An internal disaster typically refers to events or situations that affect the operations of the hospital or healthcare facility, such as power outages, equipment failures, or infrastructure issues, leading to disruptions in client care.
The statement provided does not capture the essence of an internal disaster and suggests a misunderstanding of the concept.
Therefore, the new nurse would benefit from additional orientation and clarification regarding internal disasters and their implications for client care.
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Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.
Answer:
Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.
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\(\sf\purple{Photosynthesis}\) is a process by which phototrophs convert \(\sf\pink{light\:energy}\) into \(\sf\orange{chemical\:energy}\) .
The word “photosynthesis” is derived from the \(\sf\red{Greek}\) words "phos" (which means “light”) and "σύνθ-εóîς" (which means “combining together.”) And so it means “combining together with the help of light.”
The process of photosynthesis occurs in \(\sf\green{green\:plants}\) (the primary producers in a food chain) and a few other autotrophic organisms such as cyanobacteria, purple bacteria and green sulfur bacteria.
Following is the photosynthesis \(\sf\purple{formula}\) :
︎︎︎ 6 \(CO_{2}\)+ 6 \( H_{2}O\) —> \( C _{6} H_{12} O_{6}\) (\(\sf\blue{glucose}\)) + \( 6 O_{2}\) (\(\sf\pink{oxygen}\)).
\(\large\mathfrak{{\pmb{\underline{\orange{Happy\:learning }}{\orange{!}}}}}\)
a type of motivated forgetting in which anxiety-arousing memories are blocked from conscious awareness is known as
Answer:
repression
Explanation:
Derrick had a stomach infection for 5 days, in which he had a fever, malaise, diarrhea, and intermittent vomiting. If the same infection were to invade his body a second time, it is likely that his immune response would be
what are some key elements of the social model of
care?
Explanation:
1. know your loved one or client:Be aware of their lives preference and desire
2. Communicate for success
The social model of care focuses on addressing systemic barriers and promoting a society that values diversity, inclusion, and social justice. It aims to empower individuals and promote their rights, dignity, and quality of life within their social context.
Some key elements of the social model of care include:
Social inclusion: Fostering a sense of belonging and actively including individuals in all aspects of society, irrespective of their abilities or disabilities. This involves promoting equal opportunities and challenging discrimination and social barriers.Person-centered approach: Placing the person at the center of care, acknowledging their autonomy, preferences, and choices. It emphasizes the importance of involving individuals in decision-making processes and tailoring care to their specific needs and goals.Collaboration and participation: Encouraging active involvement and collaboration between individuals, their families, caregivers, and the wider community. It recognizes the value of collective efforts and partnerships in providing holistic care and support.Access to support services and resources: Ensuring equitable access to necessary support services, resources, and accommodations. This includes physical accessibility, assistive technologies, communication aids, and appropriate healthcare and rehabilitation services.Social and environmental factors: Recognizing the impact of social, cultural, and environmental factors on individuals' well-being. This includes addressing social determinants of health, promoting social cohesion, and creating inclusive environments that enable individuals to fully participate in society.To know more about social cohesion
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In normal healthy adult, Calculate the Gain of control system of cold temperature if A cold exposure is expected to bring the body temperature down to 20°C but brings it down only to 36.5°C?
Answer:
Increased intraluminal pressure may help maintain vasodilation in a dependent arm even after hypothermia triggers centrally mediated thermoregulatory vasoconstriction. We therefore tested the hypotheses that the threshold (triggering core temperature) and gain (increase in vasoconstriction per degree centigrade) of cold-induced vasoconstriction is reduced in the dependent arm during anesthesia. Anesthesia was maintained with 0.4 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration of desflurane in 10 volunteers in the left-lateral position. Mean skin temperature was reduced to 31 degrees C to decrease core body temperature. Fingertip blood flow in both arms was measured, as was core body temperature. The vasoconstriction threshold was slightly, but significantly, less in the dependent arm (36.2 degrees C +/- 0.3 degrees C, mean +/- SD) than in the upper arm (36.5 degrees C +/- 0.3 degrees C). However, the gain of vasoconstriction in the dependent arm was 2.3-fold greater than in the upper arm. Consequently, intense vasoconstriction (i.e., a fingertip blood flow of 0.15 mL/min) occurred at similar core temperatures. In the lateral position, the vasoconstriction threshold was reduced in the dependent arm; however, gain was also increased in the dependent arm. The thermoregulatory system may thus recognize that hydrostatic forces reduce the vasoconstriction threshold and may compensate by sufficiently augmenting gain.
Implications: The threshold for cold-induced vasoconstriction is reduced in the dependent arm, but the gain of vasoconstriction is increased. Consequently, the core temperature triggering intense vasoconstriction was similar in each arm, suggesting that the thermoregulatory system compensates for the hydrostatic effects of the lateral position.
3) As left heart failure progresses:
A. left ventricular preload increases.
B. systemic vascular resistance decreases.
C. left end-diastolic volume decreases.
D. pulmonary vascular resistance decreases.
E. right ventricular preload increase
A
Left-sided heart failure is defined not as a disease, but a process. Left-sided heart failure occurs when the left ventricle, the heart's main pumping power source
This is a graded discussion: 100 points possible
Week 5 Lesson 1 Discussion
Deanna is a new medical assistant in the office in which you work. She does not understand the matrix for making appointments. On her second
day at work, she is on her own to make appointments, because the person who usually makes appointments is out with a sick child. Deanna
makes two appointments in each slot as she did in her previous place of employment instead of the one that should have been made using the
matrix. How will this affect the patients who are being seen for the next few days? What will this mistake do to public relations in the office?
rt
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The mistake made by Deanna in her new place of employment will negatively affect the patients for the next few days as well as public relations in the office.
By creating two appointments in each slot instead of the one appointment that she should have made, Deanna will cause problems for the patients in question. The patients will arrive to their appointments only to find that they are scheduled at the same time as another patient which would mean one of them will have to wait. This is sure to anger some patients.
Public relations is described as the relationship that an entity has with the public, in this case the offices relationship with the patients. Due to the patients anger generated by this mistake, public relations will be negativity impacted as patients are likely to see the office as irresponsible or unreliable.
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Sam is a fast-food fanatic. For breakfast, he stops for coffee and doughnuts. For lunch he has iced tea, a roast beef sub with lettuce and mayonnaise, and a cookie. For dinner he has a soft drink, burger, and fries. Name two vitamins likely to be lacking in Sam's diet if he eats like this every day. Why is his diet likely to be deficient in these vitamins?
Your health can suffer if you don't consume enough of these foods, increasing your chances of developing diabetes, heart disease, some types of cancer, and nutritional deficiency.
What results in less intake of vegetables and fruits in diet?The clinical spectrum of vitamin A deficiency's ocular manifestations, known as xerophthalmia, includes everything from night blindness and Bitot spots to the potentially blinding phases of corneal xerosis, ulceration, and necrosis (keratomalacia).
Low levels of vitamin C lead to the illness known as scurvy. Because they didn't consume enough fruits and vegetables, it used to be frequent among long-distance sailors.
Therefore, vitamin A and C deficiency occur due to less intake of vegetables and fruits.
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4. Zach is a high school football player. He took a hard blow to the left flank and has a large bruise. He came into the ER with a suspected acute kidney injury. What signs and symptoms would you expect to see