Are cations and anions only in ionic compounds?

Explanation:

Cause, Cow possess enzyme cellulase......which digests cellulose......and man doesn't possess such an enzyme...that's why man can't digest cellulose

Here it's....!

It's the solution of math question...

Hope it helps....☺☺

Based on the half-life of the material, the isotope is radium-226; option D

The half-life of a substance is the time taken for half of the amount of material present in the original sample of the material to decay.

The half-life of materials differs from each other. The half-life may be in millions of years for some materials, whereas for some materials, the half-life could only be in seconds.

The half-life of materials is constant.

Considering the given material;

One-eighth of the mass of the original sample of the radioisotope remains unchanged after 4,800 years.

For one-eight of the material of the isotope to remain, the number of half-lives it has undergone will be;

after one half-life = half of the original sample remains

after two half-lives = one-fourth of the original sample remains

after three half-lives = one-eight of the original sample remains

The half-life of the isotope = 4800/3

The half-life of the isotope = 1600 years

Radium-226 has a half-life of 1600 yers

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The mole ratio for 82% nitrogen (N) and 18% hydrogen (H) is roughly 1:3. As a result, the compound's empirical formula is NH₃ (one nitrogen and three hydrogen atoms).

To calculate the empirical formula from the given percent compositions, we need to convert the percentages into moles and find the simplest whole-number ratio between the elements. Here's the calculation:

Assuming we have 100 grams of the compound, we would have:

- 82 grams of nitrogen (N)

- 18 grams of hydrogen (H)

Now, we need to convert these masses into moles using the molar mass of each element:

- Nitrogen (N): 1 mole of N = 14.01 grams

\(\begin{equation}\text{Moles of N} = \frac{82 \text{ grams}}{14.01 \text{ g/mol}} \approx 5.85 \text{ mol}\)

- Hydrogen (H): 1 mole of H = 1.01 grams

\(\[\text{Moles of H} = \frac{18 \text{ g}}{1.01 \text{ g/mol}} \approx 17.82 \text{ mol}\]\)

Next, we need to find the simplest whole-number ratio between nitrogen and hydrogen by dividing each number of moles by the smaller value (5.85 mol, in this case):

\(\[\text{Moles of N (rounded)} = \frac{5.85 \text{ mol}}{5.85 \text{ mol}} = 1\]\)

\(\[\text{Moles of H (rounded)} = \frac{17.82 \text{ mol}}{5.85 \text{ mol}} \approx 3.04\]\)

The ratio between N and H is approximately 1:3, so the empirical formula of the compound is NH₃ (1 nitrogen atom, 3 hydrogen atoms).

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Metallic elements exist in a solid-state and they are opaque, have a shiny surface, good conductors of electricity and heat, malleable and ductile, and are dense. The structure of metals is formed by atoms that are held together by metallic bonds. These atoms have loosely bound valence electrons that can be shared between the neighboring atoms.

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The weight of magnesium chloride required to prepare the 200 ml solution that is 5.0 M is approximately 48 grams.

To calculate the weight of magnesium chloride (\(MgCl_{2}\)) required to prepare a 200 ml solution that is 5.0 M, we need to use the formula: Weight (in grams) = Volume (in liters) × Concentration (in moles/liter) × Molecular Weight (in grams/mole)

First, we convert the volume from milliliters to liters by dividing it by 1000: Volume = 200 ml ÷ 1000 = 0.2 L. Next, we multiply the volume, concentration, and molecular weight: Weight = 0.2 L × 5.0 mol/L × 95.3 g/mol = 47.65 grams

Rounding to the nearest whole number, the weight of magnesium chloride required to prepare the 200 ml solution that is 5.0 M is approximately 48 grams.

This calculation ensures that the desired concentration is achieved by accurately measuring the appropriate amount of magnesium chloride, taking into account its molecular weight and the desired volume of the solution.

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To make up 1 L of a 0.5 M solution of EDTA starting with the free acid, the pH must be adjusted to 7.0. EDTA is a weak acid with a pKa of 2.0, 2.67, 6.16, and 10.26 for the four acetic acid groups.

At a pH of 7.0, EDTA will exist in a buffered state, meaning that it will be partially protonated and partially deprotonated.

To adjust the pH of the EDTA solution to 7.0, an alkali solution such as 10 M NaOH must be added. The amount of NaOH required can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pK a + log([base]/[acid])

where [base] is the concentration of the deprotonated form of EDTA and [acid] is the concentration of the protonated form of EDTA.

At a pH of 7.0, the acid-base equilibrium of EDTA will be:

[EDTA-] = [HEDTA]

At this pH, the buffer capacity is high. Since the pKa of EDTA is close to the desired pH, the buffer will resist changes in pH caused by added acids or bases.

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The following reactions of alkenes is not stereospecific is C. acid-catalyzed hydration reaction (H₂O/H₂SO₄)

Stereospecific reactions occur when the stereochemistry of the reactant is retained in the product. These types of reactions are distinguished by the use of double-headed arrows in reaction mechanisms to demonstrate the conservation of stereochemistry. The following reactions of alkenes stereospecific are hydrogenation (H₂/P₁), bromination (Br₂ in CH₂Cl₂), bromohydrin formation (Br₂/H₂O).

The acid-catalyzed hydration reaction (H₂O/H₂SO₄) of alkenes is not stereospecific because the H and OH atoms can be added to either face of the alkene's double bond. When the reaction occurs, an intermediate carbocation is formed, which is planar. This carbocation can either be attacked by the nucleophile from above or below, resulting in the formation of an equal amount of stereoisomers. Therefore, the correct answer is C. acid-catalyzed hydration reaction (H₂O/H₂SO₄) is not stereospecific.

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Tagatose and Leloir pathways are two different metabolic pathways involved in the breakdown and utilization of dietary sugars, such as galactose.

The Tagatose pathway is a bacterial pathway that allows for the utilization of galactose, a monosaccharide similar to glucose, as an energy source.

In this pathway, galactose is converted into tagatose, another monosaccharide, by the enzyme galactose isomerase.

The tagatose is then broken down into dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) through a series of reactions, which can enter the glycolysis pathway for further energy production.

The Leloir pathway, on the other hand, is a pathway found in animals and some microorganisms that also converts galactose into glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), a molecule that can enter the glycolysis pathway.

In the Leloir pathway, galactose is converted into galactose-1-phosphate by the enzyme galactokinase, and then into UDP-galactose by the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. UDP-galactose is then converted into UDP-glucose by the enzyme UDP-galactose 4-epimerase.

Finally, UDP-glucose is converted into G6P by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase.

In summary, while both pathways involve the conversion of galactose into glucose derivatives, the Tagatose pathway involves the conversion of galactose into tagatose and then into DHAP and G3P, while the Leloir pathway involves the conversion of galactose into G6P through a series of intermediate steps.

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Chopping a piece of wood

Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance but not it's chemical composition.

Answer:

rusting nail: Rusting would only be a physical change if iron molecules remained pure iron throughout the process. Yeah your correct a physical change is anything seen or felt like changing the temperature of water a chemical change can also be seen also like if a iron nail rusts the nails iron atoms were chemically changed by oxygen.

lighting a match: Breaking a match in two pieces is an example of a physical change. Lighting a match and letting is burn is an example of a chemical change. Chemical reactions cause chemical changes. In a chemical reaction two or more substances, called the reactants, form different substances called products.

burning a piece of paper: Burning of paper is not a physical change. It is chemical change as ash is formed in the process which is new compound and oxides of carbon are also released during the process. By the definition of chemical change, we come to know that during chemical change a new substance must form. These changes are irreversible in nature.

chopping a piece of wood: The chopping of wood is a physical change because as stated previously, any physical change can include cutting, bending, sharpening, etc. When a piece of wood is being cut, it undergoes one of these processes. The chopping of wood doesn't alter the chemical structure of the actual wood.

So Its chopping piece of wood!

Answer:

Yes, entropy increases

Explanation:

Entropy may be defined as a thermodynamic quantity which represents the unavailability of thermal energy of any system for conversion into some mechanical work. It is also the randomness or the degree of disorder of the system.

Entropy increases when the system is more disordered. Entropy also increases when the temperature of the system is increased. The system with higher temperature means the particles have a high kinetic energy which in turn make the particles more dis order. And thus the entropy of the system increases.  

The bond order for a second-period diatomic particle containing five electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals and eight electrons in bonding molecular orbitals is 1.5

Bond order is defined as the number of electrons in bonding molecular orbitals minus the number of electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals divided by two. As a result, we may determine the bond order of this diatomic particle by the formula: Bond order = (number of bonding electrons - number of antibonding electrons) / 2

Bond order = (8 - 5) / 2

Bond order = 1.5.

This diatomic molecule, according to the bond order, is a stable molecule since the bond order is greater than 1, indicating that it is a double bond. The molecule has an overall bond strength that is greater than a single bond, but not as strong as a triple bond. So therefore he bond order for a second-period diatomic particle containing five electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals and eight electrons in bonding molecular orbitals is 1.5

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The mass of water is 231.71kg

The specific heat capacity of a substance is the quantity of heat required to increase the temperature of a unit mass of substance by 1°C or 1k. It is measured in J/kg/K. It is denoted by c.

The quantity of heat required is expressed as H= mc∆k. where m is the mass and k is temperature.

From the law of calorimetry, heat lost = heat gained. The specific heat capacity of water and copper are 400J/kg/k and 4200J/kg/k

heat lost by copper = 110×400× ( 82.48-24.98)

= 44000× 57.5 = 2530000J

heat gained by water = m× 4200 × (24.98-22.38)

= 4200× 2.6×M = 10920m

therefore 2530000= 10920m

where m is the mass of water

m= 2530000/10920

m= 231.71kg

therefore the mass of the water is 231.71kg

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Answer:

i.Electron should be 19,Proton should also be 19,Neutron should be 20

ii.The outer electron shell should have 9 electrons

iii.Electron Configuration [Ar] 4s¹

In the case when the orbital radius of the electron increases so potential energy should be increased.

When there is an increment in the orbital radius of the electron so it represents the distance via the nucleus of increment of the hydrogen atom. And, this nucleus should be considered as positively charged.

The equation for potential energy should be

= Ze²÷ -r Here

Z be the atomic number and, r be the radius

Here the negative sign represents the electron i.e. revolving should be bounded to the nucleus. Also, the relationship between the radius and the potential energy should be inversely proportional.

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51.41%

Percentage Composition from Formulas

A more complex example is sucrose (table sugar), which is 42.11% carbon, 6.48% hydrogen, and 51.41% oxygen by mass.

Or

53.3 %

Thus the % composition of glucose by mass is carbon 40.0 % oxygen 53.3 % hydrogen 6.7 % In this way, the % composition by mass of any compound can be calculated provided that its formula is known.

...

What is the percentage composition of sugar?

Element Symbol Mass Percent

Hydrogen H 6.714%

Carbon C 40.001%

Oxygen O 53.285%

Answer: When you add an electron to zinc, it needs some extra energy. This is because zinc atoms naturally don't like having an extra electron. The extra electron and the electrons already present in zinc repel each other due to their negative charges. So, you have to give some energy to the zinc atom to overcome this repulsion and make it accept the additional electron. Basically, energy input is required to make zinc accept an extra electron because the electron doesn't fit easily and needs some force to be added.

Explanation: hope this helps

Answer:

Liquid

Explanation:

I just got it right (:

The value of the equilibrium constant, Kc, is 0.375 \(M^{-2\).

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

X(g) + Y(g) ⇌ Z(g)

From the stoichiometry of the reaction, we can see that the number of moles of X and Y that react is equal to the number of moles of Z that are produced. In this case, since 6.00 mol of Z are produced, 6.00 mol of X and 6.00 mol of Y must react.

At equilibrium, let the concentrations of X, Y, and Z be [X], [Y], and [Z], respectively. Then, according to the stoichiometry of the reaction, we have:

[X] = 4.00 mol / 1.00 L = 4.00 M

[Y] = 4.00 mol / 1.00 L = 4.00 M

[Z] = 6.00 mol / 1.00 L = 6.00 M

The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction is:

Kc = [Z] / ([X] * [Y])

Substituting the concentrations we found above, we get:

Kc = (6.00 M) / ((4.00 M) * (4.00 M)) = 0.375 \(M^{-2\)

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Considering the definition of STP conditions, a mass of 20.10 grams of chlorine gas is found in a 12.7 L sample at STP.

STP conditions refer to standard temperature and pressure, using 1 atmosphere and 0 °C as reference values for gases. Under these conditions, 1 mole of any gas occupies an approximate volume of 22.4 liters.

The molar mass of substance is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole.

In this case, you can apply the following rule of three: if by definition of STP conditions 22.4 liters of chlorine is occupied by 1 mole of chlorine, 12.7 liters is occupied by how many moles of chlorine?

moles= (12.7 liters× 1 mole)÷ 22.4 liters

moles= 0.567 moles

The molar mass of chlorine is 35.45 g/mole.

Now,  you can apply the following rule of three: If by definition of molar mass 1 mole of chlorine has a mass of 35.45 grams, 0.567 moles of chlorine has how much mass?

mass= (0.567 moles× 35.45 grams)÷ 1 mole

mass= 20.10 grams

Finally, a mass of 20.10 grams of chlorine gas is present.

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The correct answer is group I) HF, CH3CI, H2O, where all the molecules are polar.

The group of molecules in which all the molecules are polar is:

I) HF, CH3CI, H2O

In this group, all three molecules have a significant difference in electronegativity between the atoms, resulting in a polar covalent bond. HF (hydrogen fluoride) is a polar molecule due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine. CH3CI (chloromethane) is also polar because of the electronegativity difference between carbon and chlorine.

H2O (water) is a well-known polar molecule due to the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

The other groups listed (II, III, IV, V) contain at least one molecule that is not polar:

- II) N2 (nitrogen gas) is nonpolar as it consists of two nitrogen atoms with identical electronegativity.

- III) O2 (oxygen gas) is nonpolar for the same reason as N2, and SIHCl3 (silicon tetrachloride) is nonpolar due to its symmetrical tetrahedral shape.

- IV) CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) is nonpolar due to its tetrahedral shape and symmetrical distribution of charge, while HCI (hydrogen chloride) is polar.

- V) HF is polar, but CH4 (methane) is nonpolar as it has a symmetrical tetrahedral shape with the same electronegativity for all atoms.

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Answer:

concave lens

Explanation:

it's concave lens because it diverges the ray/beam of light.

Concave lens

There are 2 types of lens

To make 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution from a solid stock, you will require the following materials and containers.MaterialsSolid NaClDistilled water1-Liter volumetric flask250-mL volumetric flask 2-beakersProcedureTo prepare 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution, the following procedure should be followed:Measure out 100g of NaCl using a balance.

Measure the weight of an empty 250-mL volumetric flask.Add the NaCl to a 250-mL beaker and add a small amount of distilled water to it to dissolve the NaCl.Carefully pour the dissolved NaCl solution into the 250-mL volumetric flask. Add distilled water to the mark on the flask to make up the volume. Stopper the flask and invert it several times to mix the solution.Measure the weight of the 1-Liter volumetric flask.Add the 250-mL volumetric flask solution to a 1-Liter volumetric flask.Add distilled water to the mark on the flask to make up the volume.

Stopper the flask and invert it several times to mix the solution.The final volume of the solution will be 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution.PrecautionsEnsure the NaCl has completely dissolved before adding more water to avoid making a less concentrated solution.Measure the weight of the volumetric flask before and after adding the solution to calculate the volume of solution that was added.Use distilled water to prepare the solution.

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Answer:

Longitudinal wave

Explanation:

This is a longitudinal wave. Air is known to travel through a longitudinal wave. A wave is a disturbance that goes through a medium. As this musician blows into his trumpet, a vibration is formed, which moves in the direction as where the wave is coming from. Air moves in parallel direction as the wave

This is an example of a LONGITUDINAL WAVE.

In conclusion, this is an example of a LONGITUDINAL WAVE.

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0.129569. You have to divide the mass value by 1000.

The analytical balance should be used to weigh approximately 10g of NaCl and  weigh 10.1 g of NaCl.

Use an analytical balance to weigh approximately 10 g of NaCl. A form of balance known as an analytical balance is able to precisely measure very small amounts of mass, typically to the nearest 0.1 mg. This accuracy is required to weigh an object with a relatively modest mass like sodium chloride to within 10 g.

You should still need an analytical balance to weigh 10.1 g of NaCl because a conventional laboratory balance might not have the precision needed to measure such a minute difference in mass. You can quantify the sodium chloride's exact mass to within 0.1 mg using an analytical balance.

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Ammonia as proof that nitrate was converted to ammonia in the cultivation of nitrate broth Because amino acids are produced during protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism will always exist.

Nitrifying microorganisms in the soil change ammonia into nitrates. Nitrates are taken up by plants from the soil and used to assemble proteins. Animals may consume the plant, and its biomass may be used to produce animal protein.

The process of nitrate (NO3) being used as an electron acceptor for respiration microbes results in dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), also known as nitrate/nitrite ammonification.

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Heating up a reaction increases the speed of a reaction until the enzyme denatures.

Enzyme denaturation occurs when a biological protein catalyst does not work anymore due to a high temperature that alters its tridimensional conformation.

This cellular process (denaturation) is well known to be one of the main causes of enzymatic failure.

In conclusion, heating up a reaction increases the speed of a reaction until the enzyme denatures.

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