Are prions self replicating proteins?

Answer:

its narwhal

Explanation:

narwhals have a singular horn that sticks out of its head

The karyotype of an individual with trisomy 18 is represented as Edward's syndrome. It occurs due to failure of the sister chromatids to separate in mitosis.

The karyotype with trisomy 18 is a genetic disorder. It is also known as Edward's syndrome. In this disorder, a person has a third copy of the material from chromosome 18, instead of the usual 2 copies. Rarely, the extra chromosomal material may be attached to another chromosome i.e., translocation. In most cases, this chromosome is not passed down through the families.

During cell division, chromosomes do not always separate equally into daughter cells which results into one daughter cell with extra chromosome and one daughter cell with no or small stretch of chromosome. This sometimes happens in mitotic division, when the sister chromatids fail to separate out during anaphase. One daughter cell thus ends up with more chromosomes in its nucleus than the other cell.

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Unlike a B-cell receptor (BCR), a T-cell receptor (TCR) cannot bind soluble/free antigen.

B-cell receptors (BCRs) and T-cell receptors (TCRs) are two types of antigen receptors found on different types of immune cells. BCRs are expressed on the surface of B cells, while TCRs are expressed on the surface of T cells.

BCRs are capable of binding to soluble or free antigens, such as pathogens or their components, directly. They recognize intact antigens in their native form, triggering B-cell activation and the production of specific antibodies.

In contrast, TCRs are designed to recognize antigens that are presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. TCRs can only bind to antigens that are presented on the surface of APCs, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, or B cells, through MHC molecules.

This mechanism ensures that T cells primarily respond to antigens that are processed and presented by infected or abnormal cells, while B cells can recognize free antigens in extracellular spaces. Thus, TCRs cannot bind soluble/free antigens directly like BCRs can.

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Answer:

There are more but there is only one blank so,

The answer should be Organism (?)

Answer:

a large warship that carries planes and has a long flat deck for takeoffs and landings

Explanation:

a person or thing that carries, holds or conveys something.

Answer:

For recessive traits to be observed, dominant genes must be absent.

Explanation:

There are 3 possibilities for the genes: AA, Aa, aa.

in both AA and Aa, there is a dominant gene present. If a dominant gene is present, it will always show the dominant trait.

In aa, there is no dominant gene present, and there are only recessive genes. Because of this, the recessive trait is observed!

Answer:

The increase in temperature reflects an increase in the kinetic energy of the molecules, which favors the collision between the enzyme and substrate molecules. If the optimum pH changes, the conformation of the enzyme is altered and the substrate cannot enter its active site.

Explanation:

The relationship between pH and activity depends on the acid-base behavior of the enzyme and the substrate itself. Substrate and enzyme (active center) can contain acidic and basic functional groups, their degree of dissociation being dependent on pH, which will determine, among other aspects, the conformation of the protein, the binding capacity of the substrate to the active center of the enzyme and the transformation capacity of the substrate. The rate of an enzymatic reaction varies with increasing temperature. Such dependence reflects a double effect of temperature: positive at low values, due to the general increase that the speed of any chemical reaction experiences as temperature increases, and negative at high values, due to the thermal denaturation of the enzyme. That is, the speed of an enzymatic reaction increases as the temperature increases within a certain range, reaching a maximum value at the so-called optimal temperature. At higher values ​​the activity decreases because the enzyme, like any other protein, undergoes denaturing processes and, therefore, inactivation.

Answer:

skeletal system

Explanation:

The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton reaches maximum density around age 21.

The speed of the wave is 112 meters per second.

The speed of a wave is a fundamental property of waves and is determined by the medium through which the wave travels. For example, the speed of sound waves depends on the temperature and density of the medium through which they are traveling, while the speed of light waves depends on the refractive index of the medium through which they are passing.

The speed of a wave can be calculated using the equation:

speed = wavelength x frequency

where wavelength is measured in meters and frequency is measured in hertz.

Given that the wavelength of the wave is 7 m and the frequency is 16 Hz, we can plug these values into the equation to calculate the speed of the wave:

speed = 7 m x 16 Hz

speed = 112 m/s.

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The section of a chromosome that contains instructions for building proteins is called c) DNA.

DNA is the blueprint for producing proteins in cells. A gene is a segment of DNA that contains instructions for making a particular protein or RNA molecule. During transcription, the DNA sequence is converted into a complementary RNA sequence, which is then used as a template for building the protein. The genetic code determines which amino acids will be used to make the protein, and this code is carried by the sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA. The information contained in the DNA sequence is essential for the survival and function of the cell, and changes to the sequence can cause genetic disorders or diseases. Therefore, understanding the structure and function of DNA is crucial for understanding basic biological processes and developing new treatments for genetic diseases.

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When a person drinks too much water too quickly, the fluid surrounding a person’s cells changes from C. isotonic to hypotonic.

When a person drinks too much water too quickly, this causes a reduction in the concentration of ions and other substances in the blood, which makes the fluid surrounding the cells more dilute or hypotonic. Hypotonic solution:In a hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes (dissolved particles) outside the cell is lower than the concentration inside the cell. Because water moves from a high concentration to a low concentration, water flows into the cell in hypotonic solutions.

An isotonic solution is one in which the concentration of solutes is equal on both sides of a semipermeable membrane. Because there is no concentration gradient, there is no net movement of water across the membrane. In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell, because water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration, water moves out of the cell in hypertonic solutions. Thus, the correct answer is option C: isotonic to hypotonic.

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The steps that describe how a message is transmitted from one neuron to another are: 1) reception, 2) integration, 3) transmission, and 4) reception by the next neuron.

When a message is transmitted from one neuron to another, it goes through several steps. First, the message is received by the dendrites, the branched extensions of the receiving neuron. These dendrites contain receptors that bind to neurotransmitter molecules released by the sending neuron. This reception of neurotransmitters initiates an electrical signal called a graded potential.

The graded potential then undergoes integration at the cell body of the receiving neuron. Here, the incoming signals from multiple dendrites are combined and summed. If the combined signals reach a certain threshold, an action potential, or a brief electrical impulse, is generated.

The action potential travels along the axon, the long, slender projection of the neuron. It is propelled by the opening and closing of ion channels along the axon membrane, which allows the flow of ions and the propagation of the electrical signal.

At the end of the axon, the electrical signal is translated into a chemical signal. This occurs through the release of neurotransmitter molecules into the synapse, the small gap between the sending and receiving neurons. The neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the dendrites of the next neuron, initiating the process anew.

The transmission of a message from one neuron to another involves reception of neurotransmitters, integration of signals, transmission of an action potential along the axon, and reception by the next neuron through neurotransmitter binding.

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The correct representation of the pathway taken by the genetic code during protein synthesis is:

DNA → mRNA → ribosome → protein

Option C: DNA mRNA → ribosome > RNA protein, represents the correct pathway taken by the genetic code during protein synthesis.

Protein synthesis is the biological process by which cells generate new proteins, which are essential for the functioning and survival of the organism. It is a complex process that involves the conversion of genetic information encoded in DNA into a functional protein.

Protein synthesis occurs in two main stages: transcription and translation. In the first stage, transcription, a segment of DNA is copied into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by the enzyme RNA polymerase. The mRNA molecule carries the genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where the next stage of protein synthesis, translation, takes place.

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A Golgi body, also known as a Golgi apparatus, is a cell organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.

Explanation: it processes and packages proteins and lipid molecules but i am not sure if it transport

Answer:

A Golgi body, also known as a Golgi apparatus, is a cell organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.

Explanation:

Answer:

1.)true

2.)true

3.)true

4.)true

5.)true

6.)false

7.)false

Explanation:

Answer:

False: All arthropods belong to the Class Insecta

True: All rodents belong to the phylum Chordata.

False: All amphibians belong to the class reptilia.

True: All primates are mammals.

False: A lion belongs to the genus Felis.

False: All mammals are primates.

True: All Insects and lobsters are arthropods.​​

Hope this helps :)

Answer:

a cell that has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Answer:

I think it's a video or an animation

Explanation:

A habitat that could be inhabited for the first time is produced when new land is created or exposed. For instance, primary succession may happen following the eruption of volcanoes like those on Hawaii's Big Island.

Primary succession occurs in a place where there has never been a community. Sand dunes, lava flows, and newly exposed rock sections are examples of primary succession. Simple organisms that can survive in the harsh environment often emerge first. Primary succession happens when a new piece of land is used or exposed for the first time.

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Answer: C

Explanation: just did it

Answer:

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called autosomes. The 23rd pair of chromosomes are known as the se..............x chromosomes, because they decide if you will be born male or female. Females have two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y chromosome.

Explanation:

Pls, choose me as brainliest!

Answer:

    C       C

A   AC    AC

A   AC    AC

Answer:

 C       C

a  Ca   Ca

a  Ca   Ca

Explanation:

chinchilla is dominant over albino

Answer:  Hydrochloric acid

Explanation: Hydrochloric acid is not typically formed in the atmosphere as part of acid deposition. Acid deposition, also known as acid rain, is a broad term that includes any form of precipitation with acidic components, such as sulfuric or nitric acid that fall to the ground from the atmosphere in wet or dry forms.

Answer: swell  i think

Explanation:

Answer: If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution water will leave the cell and the cell will shrink.

Explanation:

Answer:

d

Explanation:

This is an example of natural selection shaping the sea otter population in response to an environmental change caused by an oil spill.

Natural selection is a fundamental concept in evolutionary biology. It refers to the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, based on their impact on survival and reproduction. In this case, the oil spill along the northern coast of Alaska had a significant impact on the sea otter population.

Initially, the sea otter population consisted of individuals with varying levels of cold water tolerance. Some otters were able to thrive in the colder waters farther north, while others preferred the central coastal area. However, the oil spill caused a large number of otters living in the colder waters to die. This event created a strong selective pressure on the population.

As a result, the surviving otters were primarily those with a higher tolerance for the central coastal area, where the water is relatively warmer. The otters with a lower tolerance for cold water were less likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation. Over time, this led to a shift in the overall population's tolerance for cold water, with a higher proportion of otters adapted to the warmer central coastal area.

This example demonstrates how environmental changes can influence the distribution of traits within a population through natural selection. It highlights the role of selective pressures in shaping the characteristics of a species over generations.

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The template strand for transcription is the bottom strand (3' - AAGGTACAGTCACGCATATGTATGG -5').

Transcription involves the synthesis of an RNA molecule using the DNA template strand as a guide, and the complementary base pairing between the DNA template and the RNA transcript is crucial for this process.

The sequence of the mRNA formed is 5' - AUGUAUACGCACUGACAUUGGAA -3', with the start codon AUG at the 5' end and the stop codon UAA at the 3' end. The labeling of the ends refers to the addition of a 5' cap and a 3' poly(A) tail to the mRNA, which occur after transcription.

The sequence of the protein formed depends on the genetic code, which translates the mRNA sequence into a string of amino acids.

Using the standard genetic code, the protein formed from this mRNA sequence would have the sequence Met-Tyr-Thr-His-Asp-Leu, with the N-terminus (amino end) starting with the methionine (Met) residue and the C-terminus (carboxy end) ending with the leucine (Leu) residue.

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This statement, Frz defective cells are not capable of normal growth. These cells have defects that hinder their ability to grow and function normally is true.

Normal growth is the development of variations in height, weight, and head circumference that are acceptable for a certain population's standards. The development of a child's growth is viewed in light of his or her unique genetic potential. Normal growth is a sign of good general health and nutrition. Understanding the typical patterns of growth allows for the early discovery of pathologic deviations (such as slow weight gain due to a metabolic problem or short stature due to inflammatory bowel disease) and can help avoid the needless screening of kids who have normal growth variations.

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Answer:

A fundamental task of proteins is to act as enzymes—catalysts that increase the rate of virtually all the chemical reactions within cells. 

Oxidative phosphorylation is a process that occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and involves the transfer of electrons through the electron transport chain to generate a proton gradient.

The protons then flow back through the ATP synthase enzyme, which harnesses the energy to produce ATP. This process is essential for generating energy in cells and is used in a wide range of biological processes, including muscle contraction and nerve transmission. However, it is important to note that oxidative phosphorylation is not the same as substrate-level phosphorylation, which involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP to produce ATP, and occurs in some metabolic pathways outside of the mitochondria.

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