The following substituents SCH3, N(C2H5)2, CH2OH, COOH, CF3, and OCH2CH2Cl are the ortho-para directors or meta directors.
Ortho-para directors These are electron-donating groups that promote electrophilic substitution at ortho and para positions in the aromatic ring.
The following groups are Ortho-para directors:SCH3N(C2H5)2CH2OH Meta directors These groups are electron-withdrawing, which lowers the electron density on the ring and promotes electrophilic substitution at the meta position.
The following groups are Meta directors:COOHCF3OCH2CH2Cl.
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at 2.5 seconds, the helicopter has a kinetic energy of 20 j. what is the mechanical energy at that time?
Answer: Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in an object.
We are given that At 2.5 seconds, the helicopter has a kinetic energy of 20 J, Also we know that Energy per time is called the power and is the rate of energy, therefore in order to find the mechanical energy at that time, we will simply divide the values, thus:
Mechanical energy is given as:
Explanation:
Question 20 of 30
What does the absorption spectrum of an atom show?
A. The wavelengths of light that an atom gives off when electrons
fall back to lower energy levels
OB. The temperature of the phase transitions of the element at
different pressures
O C. The amount of energy that is absorbed as the element changes
phase
O D. The wavelengths of light that cause the electrons in the atom to
move to higher energy levels
The wavelengths of light that cause the electrons in the atom to move to higher energy levels. Option D
What is the atomic spectrum?The wavelengths of light that are absorbed by an atom as its electrons move from lower to higher energy levels are shown by the atom's absorption spectrum. When exposed to light, atoms are able to absorb a range of wavelengths depending on the energy differences between the levels of their electrons.
The encouragement of electrons to higher energy levels within the atom results from this absorption. The absorption spectrum, which is often represented graphically as dark lines or bands on a continuous spectrum, is a representation of the wavelengths of light that are absorbed by the atom.
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The PE of a magnet in the presence of another magnet is related to -
How close the magnets are together and which direction the poles are pointed to
Which will decrease the rate of a reaction?
changing the temperature from 90ºC to 40ºC
adjusting the concentration from 30 ng to 60 ng
placing the substance in a smaller container
grinding the substance into a powder
Explanation:
The reaction rate decreases with a decrease in temperature. Catalysts can lower the activation energy and increase the reaction rate without being consumed in the reaction. Differences in the inherent structures of reactants can lead to differences in reaction rates.
COOKING CLASS!
Copy and paste three recipes you would use for the Thanksgiving Holidays. Double and a half each recipe creating a new recipe, thereby changing the yield for each recipe. You will end up with nine recipes, giving you three of each recipe with different quantities and different yields.
A recipe's total yield is determined by multiplying the number of servings by the size of each serving. Multiply the new number of servings by the new size of each serving to determine the desired yield for the recipe.
Divide the desired yield by the original yield to obtain the conversion factor and multiply each component by the conversion factor. A standardized recipe is one that has been tried, tested, evaluated, and adjusted for use in school lunches. Consistent quality and yields are obtained every time the correct processes, equipment, and raw materials are used.
Recipes may be copyrighted if they involve substantial literary expression. This phrase may be a description or detailed instructions. This is why food and recipe bloggers often share stories and personal anecdotes alongside their recipe ingredients. Food is one of the most difficult things to trademark or copyright. Trademarks can be protected or copyrighted, but their content cannot be protected.
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a flame test resulted in no colored flame. addition of naoh resulted in formation of a precipitate, addition of barium chloride gave a precipitate, and addition of hcl resulted in no reaction
Based on the given information, a flame test did not produce any colored flame. The addition of NaOH resulted in the formation of a precipitate.
Adding barium chloride also gave a precipitate. However, adding HCl did not cause any reaction.
What Is The Flame Test?
A flame test is a qualitative analysis used by the chemist to identify the metal and metalloid ion in the sample. Not all metal ions emit colour when heated in the gas burner. A flame test is the simplest way of identifying the presence of group 1 metal ions in the compound.
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-
PLEASE HELP ME ASAPPP PLS
31. Which compound contains an alkaline earth metal and a halogen?
Cas
RbC1
b. Rhys
d. CaCl,
a.
c.
The compound which contains an alkaline earth metal and a halogen is CaCl₂.
What is a compound ?Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.
Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:
1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.
2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.
3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds
4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.
They have a unique chemical structure held together by chemical bonds Compounds have different properties as those of elements because when a compound is formed the properties of the substance are totally altered.
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Two solutions are added together and the new solution becomes hot. This tells
you that
A. a chemical change is taking place
B. the solutions are not soluble
C. the physical properties are the same
D. a gas is being produced
Answer:
A
Explanation:
when certain chemical reactions are occurring, heat is evolved and that is what is termed exothermic reaction.
how much kh2po4 solid needed to 50 ml of 0.10 m kh2po4 solution
According o the solving the amount kh2po4 solid needed to 50 ml of 0.10 m kh2po4 solution of 0.680 g
The given conditions for the problem are:
Volume of solution (V) = 50 mL (0.050 L)
Molarity of solution (M) = 0.10 M
The equation to calculate the amount of solute needed to prepare a solution is:
n = M × V Where n is the amount of solute, M is the molarity of the solution, and V is the volume of the solution. Let's put the values into the above formula:
n = 0.10 M × 0.050 L = 0.005 mol.
The molecular mass of KH2PO4 = 136 g/mol The number of moles of KH2PO4 present in 136 g of KH2PO4 = 136/136 = 1 mol. The number of moles of KH2PO4 present in 32781198 g of KH2PO4 = 32781198/136 ≈ 241090.60 mol. The amount of KH2PO4 needed to prepare the solution is 0.005 mol.
So, the mass of KH2PO4 required is given by :Mass of KH2PO4 = Number of moles of KH2PO4 × Molecular mass of KH2PO4= 0.005 mol × 136 g/mol ≈ 0.680 g ≈ 680 mg.
So, 680 mg of KH2PO4 is required to prepare a 50 ml of 0.10 M KH2PO4 solution, using the above formula and data. Answer: 0.680 g
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Which process occurs when a gas turns into a liquid?
Answer:
Condensation
Explanation:
Which of the following aqueous solutions are good buffer systems? [YOU CAN PICK MORE THAN ONE]
0.31 M ammonium bromide + 0.32 M ammonia
0.21 M hypochlorous acid + 0.12 M sodium hypochlorite
0.39 M hydrocyanic acid + 0.24 M sodium cyanide
0.13 M calcium hydroxide + 0.28 M calcium chloride
0.23 M hydrobromic acid + 0.19 M potassium bromide
0.31 M ammonium bromide + 0.32 M ammonia, 0.21 M hypochlorous acid + 0.12 M sodium hypochlorite, and 0.23 M hydrobromic acid + 0.19 M potassium bromide are good buffer systems.
Which combinations of aqueous solutions can function effectively as buffer systems?A buffer system consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid) and is capable of resisting changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. To be a good buffer, the concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base should be relatively high and within an optimal range.
Among the given options, the combinations of ammonium bromide + ammonia, hypochlorous acid + sodium hypochlorite, and hydrobromic acid + potassium bromide meet these criteria.
These systems allow for the reversible transfer of protons, maintaining the pH within a desired range. Buffer systems find applications in various areas, including biochemical and chemical processes, where pH control is crucial.
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The rate law for a reaction can be derived from the: Select the correct answer below: O stoichiometry of the overall reaction stoichiometry of the rate-determining step O molecularity of the overall reaction O none of the above
The rate law for a reaction can be derived from the stoichiometry of the rate-determining step.
The rate law is an equation that tells how the rate of a reaction depends on the concentration of each species present. A rate equation is a chemical expression that relates the rate of reaction to the concentration of reactants. The stoichiometry of the rate-determining step, and therefore the reaction's rate law, is determined by experimental data.
Here are some factors to consider in determining the rate law experimentally:i. Each reactant's initial concentration is changed.ii. The reaction's rate is determined.iii. The effect of each reactant's concentration change on the reaction's rate is determined.iv. This information is utilized to determine the reaction's rate law.
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The rate law for a reaction can be derived from the stoichiometry of the rate-determining step.
Explanation:The correct answer is stoichiometry of the rate-determining step. The rate law for a reaction describes the relationship between the rate of the reaction and the concentrations of the reactants. It can be determined experimentally by measuring the rate of the reaction at different reactant concentrations. The stoichiometry of the rate-determining step, which is the slowest step in the reaction mechanism, determines the rate law.
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Why is it important to balance the redox equation for the electrolysis of water?.
Electrolysis is a process, which allows us to break down a chemical compound into its elements, completing the balance by adjusting the number of atoms on both sides of the reaction is important because the number of electrons given up during oxidation must be the same as the number of electrons gained during the reduction.
What is electrolysis of water?It is a process of oxidation and reduction of one or more elements that, through the induction of electric current, breaks down the water molecule (H2O), thus producing gaseous hydrogen and oxygen.
Oxidation and reduction processes occur simultaneously and never in isolation, which is why they are called redox reactions.
Therefore, we can conclude that electrolysis is a process where electrical energy will change to chemical energy where it is important that the number of electrons given up during oxidation is the same as the number of electrons gained during reduction.
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Which number on the periodic table of element i the ame a the number of protron and electron of the atom
The atomic number of gold is 79. The correct response for an atom on the periodic table with the same number of protons and electrons is gold, which has 79 protons and 79 electrons.
What is protron?Every atom has a proton in its nucleus, a subatomic particle. The particle has a positive electrical charge that is the antithesis of the electron's. If a proton were isolated, it would weigh only 1.673? 10-27 kilogrammes, little less than a neutron. A stable subatomic particle known as a proton with an electric charge of +1 e and the symbols p, H+, or 1H+. Its mass is only marginally less than that of a neutron and 1836 times greater than that of an electron.
What does a proton or neutron look like?Silicon has 14 protons and 14 neutrons, for instance. It weighs 28 kilogrammes and has an atomic number of 14. Uranium's most prevalent isotope contains 146 neutrons and 92 protons. It has an atomic mass of 238 thanks to its 92 protons and 146 electrons.
Briefing:The atomic number refers to the total number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The atomic numbers of the elements are used by the Periodic Table to divide them into groupings.
The Periodic Table is used to find an element's atomic number. The atomic number is visible in the top left corner.
For instance, krypton has an atomic number of 36. This reveals that the nucleus of a krypton atom contains 36 protons.
Atoms are not electrically charged by nature. The protons' positive charges and the electrons' negative charges must be equal.
Protons and electrons must be present in an equal number in an atom. In our example, an atom of krypton needs to have 36 protons in addition to 36 electrons.
For any component:
Atomic number = number of protons + number of electrons
Hence, as an illustration of glod:
The atomic number of gold is 79. Gold therefore contains 79 protons and 79 electrons.
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write the formula for a complex formed between zn2 and oh− with a coordination number of 4.
Write the formula for a complex formed between Zn2 and OH
The formula for the complex formed between Zn2+ and OH− with a coordination number of 4 is [Zn(OH)4]2−.
When Zn2+ ions combine with four OH− ions, a complex ion is formed. The coordination number of this complex ion is 4, meaning that the Zn2+ ion is surrounded by four OH− ions in a tetrahedral arrangement. The formula for this complex ion is written by placing the Zn2+ ion in the center and surrounding it with four OH− ions. The charge on the complex ion must be balanced, so two negative charges are needed. This is accomplished by adding a 2− superscript to the formula.
In coordination chemistry, a complex ion is formed when a central metal ion or atom is surrounded by other ions or molecules, known as ligands. The coordination number is the number of ligands that are attached to the central metal ion. In the case of Zn2+ and OH−, when four OH− ions surround the Zn2+ ion, a coordination number of 4 is obtained.
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Which of the following reagents would oxidize Cu to Cu2 , but not Au to Au3 ? a. Co(s)b. Co^2+c. Br2, d. Br-e. Ca(s)f. Ca^2+
Br2 is a strong oxidizing agent and can oxidize copper (Cu) to copper(II) ion (Cu2+) because the oxidation state of copper changes from 0 to +2. The correct option is C.
The ability of a reagent to oxidize a substance depends on its standard reduction potential. A substance with a higher reduction potential is a stronger oxidizing agent and can easily oxidize another substance with a lower reduction potential. The standard reduction potentials of Cu2+/Cu and Au3+/Au couples are +0.34 V and +1.50 V, respectively.
Br2 has a standard reduction potential of +1.09 V, which is higher than that of the Cu2+/Cu couple. Therefore, Br2 can oxidize Cu to Cu2+. However, the standard reduction potential of the Au3+/Au couple is higher than that of the Br2/Br- couple, which means that Br2 cannot oxidize Au to Au3+.
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Rank the following aqueous solutions in order of increasing
(d) vapor pressure at 50°C:
(I) 0.100 m NaNO₃
(II) 0.100 m glucose
(III) 0.100 m CaCl₂
Vapour pressure is a measure of the tendency of a material to change into the gaseous or vapour state, and it increases with temperature. The temperature at which the vapour pressure at the surface of a liquid becomes equal to the pressure exerted by the surroundings is called the boiling point of the liquid.
What is vapor pressure of a liquid?The vapor pressure of a liquid is the point at which equilibrium pressure is reached, in a closed container, between molecules leaving the liquid and going into the gaseous phase and molecules leaving the gaseous phase and entering the liquid phase.
What is vapour pressure unit?The most common unit for vapor pressure is the torr. 1 torr = 1 mm Hg (one millimeter of mercury). Most materials have very low vapor pressures.
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https://brainly.com/question/4463307#SPJ4Ethanol, propanol, and methanol are three simple alcohols. They can be grouped together because they _____.
Ethanol, propanol, and methanol are three simple alcohols. They can be grouped together because they all share the same hydroxyl group.
A hydroxyl group is a functional group consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to a hydrogen atom. The oxygen atom consists of two lone pair of electrons. Hydroxyl group is chemically represented as -OH.
Alcohols, Sugar and carboxylic acids usually contain hydroxyl groups. All the alcohol have the same functional group which is why they are represented by the formula ROH. Here R is an alkyl group and OH is a hydroxyl group.
Alcohols are formed when this group is added to an organic compound.
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What is the density of a glass fragment that has a mass of 1.5g and a volume of 0.75mL?
2gcm³ is the density of a glass fragment that has a mass of 1.5g and a volume of 0.75mL.
What is density ?The term density is define as the ratio of mass and volume. The formula for density is d = M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is volume. Density is commonly expressed in units of grams per cubic centimeter.
Density = mass / volume
Given:
Density = ?
Mass = 1.5 gram
Volume = 0.75 ml
By substituting this values in give equation we get,
Density = 1.5 / 0.75
= 2 gcm³
Thus, 2 gcm³ is the density of a glass fragment that has a mass of 1.5g and a volume of 0.75mL.
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choose the correct relation between the rms speed of the gas molecules and the velocity of sound in that gas in identical situations of pressure and temperature. [y: adiabatic exponent of the gas]
The relation between the root mean square (rms) speed of gas molecules (v_rms) and the velocity of sound (v_sound) in a gas with an adiabatic exponent (y) is:
\(v_rms = √((y * R * T) / M)\)
where R is the gas constant, T is the temperature, and M is the molar mass of the gas.
The rms speed of gas molecules represents the average speed of the molecules in the gas. The velocity of sound is related to the average speed at which the gas molecules can transmit a pressure wave. In an ideal gas, the rms speed is directly proportional to the velocity of sound. The proportionality constant is determined by the adiabatic exponent (y), which relates the specific heat capacities of the gas at constant pressure and constant volume. The equation shows that as the rms speed of gas molecules increases, the velocity of sound in the gas also increases, given identical conditions of pressure and temperature.
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Consider the following mechanism:
Cl2 => Cl+ + Cl-
Cl- + H2S => HCl + HS-
Cl+ + HS- => HCl + S
What is the role of chloride?
1. catalyst
2. intermediate
3. product
4. reactant
The role of chloride in the given mechanism is an intermediate.
A species that forms during a reaction but does not end up in the final product is known as an intermediate in a reaction mechanism. It is consumed during the reaction and is therefore absent from the final, balanced equation.
In the described method, Cl- is created in the first stage and depleted in the second to produce HCl and HS-. Comparably, Cl+ is created in the first step and depleted in the third to create HCl and S. Cl- and Cl+ are therefore both considered intermediates in the chemical process. A product is a substance that is created as a result of the reaction, a reactant is a substance that is consumed during the reaction, and a catalyst is a substance that speeds up the reaction without being consumed.
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One mole of potassium permanganate, KMnO4, contains how many
grams of oxygen.
Answer: 64
:))))))))))))
Please help
What is the pH of this solution?
[H3O+] = 2.5 × 10−9 M
Remember to use the appropriate amount of significant figures.
Considering the definition of pH, the value of the pH in the solution is 8.60
Definition of pHpH is the Hydrogen Potential and it is a measure of acidity or alkalinity. It indicates the amount of hydrogen ions present in a solution or substance.
Mathematically, pH is calculated as the negative base 10 logarithm of the activity of hydrogen ions:
pH= - log [H⁺]= - log [H₃O⁺]
The numerical scale of pH includes the numbers from 0 to 14. The pH value 7 corresponds to neutral substances. Acidic substances are those with a pH lower than 7, while basic substances have a pH higher than 7.
pH in this caseIn this case, you know that [H₃O⁺]= 2.5×10⁻⁹ M
You can replace this value in the definition of pH:
pH= -log (2.5×10⁻⁹ M)
Solving:
pH= 8.60
Finally, the pH has a value of 8.60
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Which two reactions are faster than the others?
A. Methane burns in air that contains oxygen.
B. Silver tarnishes in air that contains hydrogen sulfide.
O C. A steel ship rusts in ocean water.
U
D. Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas react explosively to form water.
Answer:
i think its Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas react explosively to form water. and . Methane burns in air that contains oxygen.
Explanation: Mine was a little bit different than yours please forgive me if I'm wrong I chose answers that was similar to mine
Methane burns in air that contains oxygen and Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas react explosively to form water. These two reactions are faster than the others.
What is methane ?Chemically speaking, methane has the formula CH4. The simplest alkane and the primary component of natural gas, it is a group-14 hydride. The amount of oxygen breathed from the air might be decreased by high methane levels. This may include headaches, facial flushes, slurred speech.
Unscented, colorless, and combustible, methane is a gas. It is mostly used as fuel to produce heat and light. It is also employed in the production of organic compounds. Methane is frequently found in landfills, marshes, septic tanks, sewers, and other places where natural materials decompose.
Suffocation can result from high methane concentrations in enclosed spaces because methane reduces the amount of oxygen in the air. Lack of oxygen can cause headaches, nausea, lightheadedness, and unconsciousness.
Thus, option A and D are correct.
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how are the earth and moon alike
Answer:
they both revolve or rotate around something
Explanation:
The earth revolves around the sun and the moon rotates around the earth.
5. A plane starting from rest is accelerated to its takeoff velocity of 75 m/s during a 5
second period.
Answer:
answer is 14
Explanation:
A= v-u/t
A = 75 - 0/5
A = 14
v = final velocity
U = initial velocity
T = time taken
The acceleration is 14 m/s²
What is acceleration?Acceleration: the rate at which the speed and direction of a moving object vary over time. A point or object going straight forward is accelerated when it accelerates or decelerates. Even though the speed is constant, motion on a circle accelerates because the direction is always shifting. Both effects contribute to the acceleration of all other motions.
Acceleration is a vector quantity since it has both a magnitude and a direction. A vector quantity is also velocity. The velocity vector change during a time interval divided by the time interval is the definition of acceleration.
The limit of the ratio of the change in velocity during a given time interval to the time interval as the time interval approaches zero determines the instantaneous acceleration (at a specific time and location) (see analysis: Instantaneous rates of change). For instance, acceleration will be stated in meters per second per second if velocity is reported in meters per second.
Acceleration = v-u/t
A = 75 - 0/5
A = 14 m/s²
Therefore the acceleration is 14 m/s².
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Sam was given the following equation to balance: H₂O → H₂ + O₂. She balanced it as follows: 2HO → H₂ + O₂. What did she do wrong? What is the correct way to balance the equation?
Answer:
2H2O = 2H2 + O2.Explanation:
2H2O = H2 + O2
this ain't balanced because the value of hydrogen are not the same.
Explain how heat as a reactant or product in a chemical reaction makes the change endothermic or exothermic?
✅Chemical reactions often involve changes in energy due to the breaking and formation of bonds. Reactions in which energy is released are exothermic reactions, while those that take in heat energy are endothermic.
IamSugarBee
Answer:
Heat as a reactant makes the change endothermic, while heat as a product makes the change exothermic.
Explanation:
In an endothermic reaction, heat is a reactant, making the endothermic reaction cooler than its surroundings. This can be compared to how an ice cube melting requires heat as a reactant.
In an exothermic reaction, heat is a product, making the exothermic reaction hotter than its surroundings. This is compared to how a fire releases heat into the air as a product.
When 2 liter of nitrogen gas reacts with 6 liters of hydrogen gas at constant temperature and pressure, how many liters of ammonia gas will be produced
When 2 liters of nitrogen gas reacts with 6 liters of hydrogen gas at constant temperature and pressure, 3.99 liters of ammonia gas will be produced.
The balanced chemical equation is:
N₂ + 3H₂ ⇒ 2NH₃
According to the balanced equation, it shows that 1 mole of nitrogen reacts with 3 moles of hydrogen to produce 2 moles of ammonia.
Since the molar ratio is fixed, use the principles of stoichiometry to determine the volume of ammonia gas produced.
Moles of nitrogen gas (N2) = 2 liters / 22.4 liters/mole
= 0.089 moles
Moles of hydrogen gas (H2) = 6 liters / 22.4 liters/mole
= 0.268 moles
According to the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio of N₂ to H₂ is 1:3. Since we have 0.089 moles of N₂, it means we need 3 times that amount of H₂, which is 0.089 moles × 3 = 0.267 moles. Since we have 0.268 moles of H₂, it is in excess.
Now, let's calculate the moles of ammonia gas produced using the limiting reactant, which is N₂:
Moles of ammonia gas = (0.089 moles of N) × (2 moles of NH₃ / 1 mole of N2) = 0.178 moles
Volume of ammonia gas = (0.178 moles) × (22.4 liters/mole)
= 3.99 liters
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for a gas phase chemical reaction, which of the following will affect the equilibrium constant for a given experiment? select one or more: A. changing the concentration of the reactants B. changing the temperature C. adding a catalyst to increase the rate of the reaction D. changing the volume of the system E. adding an inert gas to the system current question status
The factors that can affect the equilibrium constant for a given experiment are A (changing the concentration of the reactants), B (changing the temperature), and D (changing the volume of the system).
For a gas phase chemical reaction, the equilibrium constant is determined by the ratio of the concentrations (or partial pressures) of the products to the concentrations (or partial pressures) of the reactants at equilibrium. Based on this understanding, the factors that can affect the equilibrium constant for a given experiment are:
A. Changing the concentration of the reactants: Altering the concentration of the reactants will affect the equilibrium constant since it is dependent on the ratio of concentrations. Increasing the concentration of reactants will shift the equilibrium towards the product side (to restore the equilibrium), and vice versa.
B. Changing the temperature: Temperature has a significant impact on the equilibrium constant. Changing the temperature will shift the equilibrium in a direction that either favors the forward reaction (increasing temperature for an endothermic reaction) or the reverse reaction (decreasing temperature for an exothermic reaction).
C. Adding a catalyst to increase the rate of the reaction: A catalyst affects the rate of a reaction but does not alter the position of the equilibrium or the equilibrium constant. Therefore, adding a catalyst will not directly affect the equilibrium constant for the given experiment.
D. Changing the volume of the system: Altering the volume of the system affects the equilibrium constant if the reaction involves a different number of moles of gas on the reactant and product sides. According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the volume will shift the equilibrium in the direction that minimizes the total number of moles of gas, and vice versa.
E. Adding an inert gas to the system: Adding an inert gas, which does not participate in the chemical reaction, will not affect the equilibrium constant. It only increases the total pressure without affecting the partial pressures of the reactants and products.
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