Based on periodic trends in electronegativity, arrange the bonds in order of increasing polarity. least polar 1 : C−H 2 iं H−H 3 # O−H 4 if F−H most polar

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

The functional group is an atom, group of atoms or bond which is responsible for the chemical reactions of the members of a series of organic compounds.

The chemical properties of various groups of compounds in organic chemistry depends of the concept of functional groups. They help us to classify molecules into families or groups based on a common general molecular formula.

The nature of the functional group determines the overall chemical properties of the molecule such as polarity, water solubility, and so on. Chemical reactions occur only at the functional group.

For instance, for the reaction below, reaction occurs at the functional groups as follows;

CH3COOH + CH3OH -------> CH3COOCH3

Also, during amide formation, reaction occurs between the carbonyl chloride and an amine at the respective functional groups as shown;

CH3COCl + CH3NH2 -----> CH3CONHCH3 + HCl

The permitted values of j for a p electron are 1/2 and 3/2 and the permitted values of j for an h electron are 9/2 and 11/2.

(a) For a p electron:
The azimuthal quantum number (l) for a p electron is 1. To calculate the permitted values of j, we use the formula:
j = l ± 1/2
So for a p electron, the permitted values of j will be:
j = 1 + 1/2 = 3/2
j = 1 - 1/2 = 1/2
Therefore, the permitted values of j for a p electron are 1/2 and 3/2.

(b) For an h electron:
The azimuthal quantum number (l) for an h electron is 5. To calculate the permitted values of j, we use the same formula:
j = l ± 1/2
So for an h electron, the permitted values of j will be:
j = 5 + 1/2 = 11/2
j = 5 - 1/2 = 9/2
Therefore, the permitted values of j for an h electron are 9/2 and 11/2.

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Answer: Steel wool turns from a gray color to a reddish color after it gets wet and then sits on a counter is a sign of chemical change.

Explanation:

A change that brings change in chemical composition of a substance is called a chemical change.

For example, Steel wool turns from a gray color to a reddish color after it gets wet and then sits on a counter is a chemical change.

This is because steel wool is mostly made up of iron and when iron becomes wet then in the presence of air it gets oxidized and therefore, it gets corroded.

This corrosion appears as reddish color of steel wool and it represents a chemical change has occurred in the steel wool.

Thus, we can conclude that steel wool turns from a gray color to a reddish color after it gets wet and then sits on a counter is a sign of chemical change.

B

The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is a basic solution, so the pH of that solution should be close to 14

then when adding hydrochloric acid (HCl) we start to neutralice the solution, meaning the pH must sift slowly to lower pH.

Assuming both solutions have similar concentration the pH shall shift form basic (above 7) to acid pH (below 7). Until now both B and D images agreed with the explanation given. To chose between them we need to remember that HCl is a very strong acid, which means that in solution will get to very acid solutions (very low pH values) which leaves only B as possible answer

The Oxygen is oxidized is the correct option.

The correct option for the given statement: Consider the reaction: 2HgO(s) → 2Hg() + O2(g) is "Oxygen is oxidized.

The given chemical equation for the reaction is:

2HgO(s) → 2Hg() + O2(g)According to the given chemical equation, the reactant HgO loses oxygen and forms elemental mercury and oxygen gas. Therefore, it can be concluded that Oxygen is oxidized.

Mercury(II) ion is the reducing agent: Reducing agents are the substances that undergo oxidation during a redox reaction, and their oxidation state decreases.

The reducing agent gets oxidized and reduces the other compound.Oxygen is the oxidizing agent:

Oxidizing agents are the substances that undergo reduction during a redox reaction, and their oxidation state increases. The oxidizing agent gets reduced and oxidizes the other compound.Mercury is reduced:

In the given chemical reaction, mercury is produced in its elemental form; this implies that it has undergone reduction.

Hence mercury is reduced.

Therefore, Oxygen is oxidized is the correct option.

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The lowest Ka value (7.3  *  10^{-11}), indicating it is the weakest acid among the given options. a 0.10 M solution of Acid V would have the highest pH is V.

To determine which 0.10 M solution of the given weak acids would have the highest pH, we need to consider their ionization constant (Ka values). The ionization constant of an acid represents the equilibrium constant for the reaction in which the acid donates a proton (H+) to the solvent (usually water).
A lower Ka value indicates a weaker acid, meaning it is less likely to donate a proton. Since pH is a measure of acidity, with lower pH values representing more acidic solutions and higher pH values representing more alkaline (or less acidic) solutions, the acid with the lowest Ka value will produce the highest pH when dissolved in water at the same concentration.
Comparing the Ka values given:
I. 5.0  *  10^{-3}
II. 3.0  *  10^{-5}
III. 2.6  *  10^{-7}
IV. 4.0  *  10^{-9}
V. 7.3 * 10^{-11}
We can see that Acid V has the lowest Ka value (7.3  *  10^{-11}), indicating it is the weakest acid among the given options.
Therefore, a 0.10 M solution of Acid V would have the highest pH. Your answer: e. V

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Answer:

The answer is there are 9.57 x 10²⁰ number of Cl atoms in 0.0728 g of PCl₃.

Number of moles = mass / molar mass

Mass of PCl₃ = 0.0728 g and molar mass of PCl₃ = 137.33g/mol

Number of moles of PCl₃ = 0.0728 / 137.33 = 5.3 x 10⁻⁴

In one mole there are Avogadro’s number of molecules that is 6.02 x 10²³

So, in 5.3 x 10⁻⁴ moles of PCl₃, there are =5.3 x 10⁻⁴ x 6.02 x 10²³ = 3.19 x 10²⁰

Now there is 3 atoms of Cl in PCl₃ so in 3.19 x 10²⁰ molecules of PCl₃, number of Cl atoms = 3.19 x 10²⁰ x 3 = 9.57 x 10²⁰ atoms

CBr₄ has no net dipole moment.

Net dipole moment is the total sum of the bond moments in a molecule. It is a measure of the polarity of a molecule. In other words, the dipole moment of a molecule indicates the direction and magnitude of its polarity. A molecule has no net dipole moment when it is nonpolar.

This happens when the dipole moments of its polar bonds cancel each other out. There are various types of molecules, including linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, and pyramidal. These molecules can be polar or nonpolar, depending on their geometrical structure and bond polarity.

CBr₄ has a tetrahedral shape, with four Bromine atoms and a Carbon atom at the vertices of the tetrahedron. The C-Br bonds are polar because Bromine is more electronegative than Carbon. However, the four C-Br bond dipoles are arranged in a tetrahedral structure, such that they cancel out each other. Thus, CBr₄ has no net dipole moment.

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The Number of Moles of Zn is 0.34108 and the number of moles of Cr2O3 is 0.14671.

What is Number of Moles?

The ratio of a substance's given mass in a chemical reaction to the mass of one mole of that material is what determines how many moles there are of that substance. A mole of any substance is equal to 6.0231023, or Avogadro's number. The ratio of a substance's given mass in any kind of chemical reaction to the mass of one mole of that material is the number of moles of that substance.

Moles of Zn can be calculated by using the formula

22.3 g of Zn x 1 mole Zn/65.4 g = 0.341 moles of Zn.

Moles of Cr2O3 can be calculated by using the formula

22.3 g of Cr2O3 x 1 mole Cr2O3/151.99 = 0.146 moles of Cr2O3.

Hence, 0.34108 and 0.14671 will be the number of moles for Zn adn Cr2O3 respectively.

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Zn has a mole count of 0.34108, while Cr2O3 has a mole count of 0.14671.

What is Number of Moles?
The number of moles of a substance is determined by the ratio of its given mass in a chemical reaction towards the mass of one mole of that substance. A mole, or 6.0231023, is equal to one mole of any substance. The number of moles of a substance is defined as the mass of one mole divided by the given mass of the substance in any type of chemical reaction.

The formula can be used to determine moles of zinc.
22.3 g of Zn x 1 mole Zn/65.4 g = 0.341 moles of Zn.

The formula can be used to determine moles of Cr2O3.
22.3 g of Cr2O3 x 1 mole Cr2O3/151.99 = 0.146 moles of Cr2O3.

Therefore, the moles of Zn and Cr2O3 will be 0.34108 and 0.14671, respectively.

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A snow is basically made up of individual ice crystals which grow during suspended in the atmosphere, usually within the cloud. The snow fall is an example of precipitation.

For the formation of snow, the temperature required at the level of air at which it form must be below or at freezing 32° F or 0°C. Snow falls with the warmer air and it ends up on the ground in the form of rain. Rain also falls in colder layers and end up in the form of sleet. We also have the freezing rain which starts off in a warmer layer and freezes when the surface layer of air is below or at freezing.

Precipitation is a type of water phase which dorm in the atmosphere and falls on the earth surface.

Thus, we concluded that the snow falls ln a cold afternoon is an example of precipitation.

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Answer:

B. Taigas

Explanation:

Based on the observations described, it is likely that the white solid is a true hydrate.

Water droplets on the side of the test tube: When heating a hydrate, the water molecules trapped within the crystal lattice are released as vapor. The presence of water droplets on the side of the test tube indicates that water was indeed released during the heating process.

Brownish residue: The brownish residue obtained after heating the solid suggests that the white solid might contain a transition metal ion. Transition metal ions can form complex compounds that exhibit different colors, including brown.

Dissolving in water: The brownish residue dissolves in water, indicating that it is soluble in the solvent.

Dark reddish-brown solution: The solution obtained after dissolving the brownish residue is described as dark reddish-brown. This color could be attributed to the formation of a complex compound between the transition metal ion in the residue and the water or other substances present in the solution.

Based on the observations of water droplets upon heating, the brownish residue that dissolves in water, and the resulting dark reddish-brown solution, it is likely that the white solid is a true hydrate.

The presence of water droplets and the dissolution of the residue suggest that water was released from the solid during heating, indicating the presence of water molecules within the crystal lattice.

The color change to brownish and the subsequent dark reddish-brown solution point towards the involvement of a transition metal ion, possibly forming a complex compound.

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Among the given gases, the gas that shows the greatest deviation from ideal behavior at 25 degrees Celsius and 1 atm is likely to be H2 (hydrogen).

1. Size and shape of molecules: Hydrogen gas (H2) consists of diatomic molecules that are very small in size. The size of the hydrogen molecule is relatively larger compared to other gases such as CH4 (methane), SO2 (sulfur dioxide), and O2 (oxygen). The small size of hydrogen molecules leads to a higher probability of molecular interactions and deviations from ideal behavior.

2. Intermolecular forces: Hydrogen gas has relatively weak intermolecular forces compared to other gases. Although it exhibits London dispersion forces, these forces are not as strong as the dipole-dipole interactions in molecules like SO2 and CH4 or the formation of double bonds in O2. The weaker intermolecular forces in hydrogen contribute to larger deviations from ideal behavior.

Based on the size and shape of molecules as well as the strength of intermolecular forces, hydrogen gas (H2) is expected to show the greatest deviation from ideal behavior among the given gases at 25 degrees Celsius and 1 atm.

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Answer:

H3PO4 + H2O ↔ \(H^{+}\) + \(H2PO4^{-}\)

Explanation:

HNO3 → NO2 + H2O + O2

H2SO4 → SO3 + H2O + O2

Answer:

The 5R's are Reuse, Reduce, Recycle, Repair and Recover.

The conversion factor that should be used to convert an area from square inches (\(\text in^2\)) to square centimeters (\(\text cm^2\)) is \(\rm (2.54 cm)^2\) / \(\rm (1 in)^2\) .

A conversion factor is a numerical ratio that expresses the relationship between two different units of measurement. It is used to convert a quantity from one unit to another unit.

In this case, conversion factor between inches (in) and centimeters (cm) is 1 in = 2.54 cm, so the conversion factor between square inches and square centimeters is:

\(\rm (1 in)^2 = (2.54 cm)^2\)

Squaring both sides of the equation gives:

\(\rm 1 in^2 = (2.54 cm)^2\)

Therefore, to convert an area from square inches to square centimeters, we can multiply the area in square inches by the conversion factor:

area in \(\rm cm^2\) = area in \(\rm in^2 \times (2.54 cm)^2 / (1 in)^2\)

Simplifying the expression gives:

area in \(\rm cm^2\) = area in\(\rm in^2 \times 6.4516\)

So, to convert an area from square inches to square centimeters, we should multiply the area in square inches by 6.4516.

Therefore, The conversion factor between square inches and square centimeters is\(\rm (2.54 cm)^2\) / \(\rm(1 in)^2\), and to convert an area from square inches to square centimeters, we should multiply the area in square inches by 6.4516.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Decomposition reaction, also known as analysis or dissociation, is a type of chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements. In this reaction, a single reactant undergoes a chemical change and produces two or more products.

The decomposition reaction can be represented by the general equation:

AB → A + B

Where AB is the reactant, and A and B are the products. The reactant AB is usually a compound, and it breaks down into its constituent elements or simpler compounds.

There are different types of decomposition reactions, including:

Thermal decomposition: It occurs when a compound is heated, resulting in its decomposition into simpler substances. For example, the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produces calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2):

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

Electrolytic decomposition: It takes place when an electric current is passed through an electrolyte, causing it to break down into its component ions. For instance, the electrolysis of water (H2O) leads to the decomposition into hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2):

2H2O → 2H2 + O2

Photochemical decomposition: It occurs when a compound undergoes decomposition due to exposure to light energy. Chlorine gas (Cl2) can decompose into chlorine atoms (Cl) under the influence of light:

Cl2 → 2Cl

These are just a few examples of decomposition reactions. They are important in various chemical processes and are used in industries, laboratory experiments, and natural phenomena. By understanding and controlling decomposition reactions, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of different compounds and develop practical applications in fields such as chemistry, materials science, and environmental science.

Answer:

Explanation:

reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements

Answer:

Explanation:

2Na + 2HOH ====> 2NaOH + H2

This reaction is very reactive. It does not take much to get it going.

Na is sodium

HOH is another way to write water.

NaOH is Sodium Hydroxide.

H2 is hydrogen gas.

The hydrogen gas can ignite if there is an open flame around. Don't do this experiment with a Bunsen Burner nearby.

The number of moles in 20g of Ne is 1 mole.

The mole is an amount unit similar to familiar units like pair, dozen, gross, etc. It provides a specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter.

A mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of atoms, molecules, ions, etc. as the number of atoms in a sample of pure 12C weighing exactly 12 g.

Given,

Mass of Ne = 20g

Molar mass of Ne = 20 g/mole

Moles = mass ÷ molar mass

              = 20 ÷ 20

               = 1 mole

Therefore, the number of moles in 20g of Ne is 1 mole.

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The question has spelling mistake. Probably the question is:

Calculate the number of moles in 20g of neon.

Answer:

0.3 J

Explanation:

The equation for heat capacity is Q = mcΔT where Q is the heat, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance and delta T is the change in temperature. Plugging those values into the equation, we have Q = (.500)(0.24)(27.5-25) = 0.3

1. B, the energy associated with the motion of an object

2. C, 12.4 g/mL

3. C, 5

1) B) Kinetic energy is energy associated with the motion of an object.

2) B) Density equals mass divided by volume: 1.38 g/mL

3) C) There are 5 significant figures in 20.300

4) A) 80 is the atomic number for mercury on the periodic table.

5) E) The formula for copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate is CuSO4•5H2O

So in summary:

• Kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object due to its motion.

• Density is calculated by dividing an object's mass by its volume.

• Significant figures refer to the known precision of a measurement based on the digits reported.

• Atomic symbols represent elements on the periodic table.

• Chemical formulas use symbols of the elements to show the proportions of atoms in a compound.

It is equal to the total mass of carbon dioxide and water used" as the substrates (CO2 and H2O) are just merely converted to the products (C6H12O6 and O2) with no mass being consumed or used as fuel for the reaction. In this reaction, energy is well conserved. The correct option is B

Photosynthesis can be defined as the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.

Therefore the primary function of photosynthesis is to convert solar energy into chemical energy and then store that chemical energy for future use.

The balanced equation of photosynthesis is: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2.

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Yes, an electron cause an electromagnetic wave to vibrate.

One of the waves is propagated by simultaneous periodic variations of electric and magnetic field intensity and that includes radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Electromagnetic waves are produced when something vibrates—an electric charge that moves back and forth.

When an electric charge vibrates, the electric field around it changes. Because the electric charge is in motion, it also has a magnetic field around it.

This magnetic field also changes as the charge vibrates.

Therefore, an electron causes an electromagnetic wave to vibrate.

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Answer:

A physical property is an aspect of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition. Examples of physical properties include molecular weight.

A chemical property may only be observed by changing the chemical identity of a substance. In other words, the only way to observe a chemical property is by performing a chemical reaction

Explanation:

Properties of matter

The properties of matter are classified into; (I) Physical and, (ii) Chemical properties.

Physical properties: A physical property is an aspect of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition. Examples of physical properties include molecular weight, density, color, melting and boiling point, etc.

Chemical properties: A chemical property may only be observed by changing the chemical identity of a substance. In other words, the only way to observe a chemical property is by performing a chemical reaction. This property measures the potential for undergoing a chemical change. Examples of chemical properties include and oxidation states, acidic or basic properties, flammability, heat of combustion, etc.

In the given atomic model, the strong nuclear force occurs inside the nucleus. Option D is correct.

The strong nuclear force is one of the fundamental forces of nature and it acts on particles called quarks, which are the building blocks of protons and neutrons. This force is responsible for holding the nucleus of an atom together.

Inside the nucleus, protons and neutrons are tightly bound to each other by the strong nuclear force. It overcomes the electrostatic repulsion between the positively charged protons, preventing the nucleus from disintegrating. The strong nuclear force is extremely powerful but short-ranged, meaning it acts only at very short distances within the nucleus.

Outside the nucleus, in the electron cloud, other forces such as electromagnetic forces and gravitational forces dominate the interactions. However, within the nucleus, the strong nuclear force is responsible for binding the protons and neutrons together, maintaining the stability of the atomic nucleus.

Hence, D. is the correct option.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"In the following atomic model, where does the strong nuclear force happen? A) outside a B) between a and b C) between b and c D) inside c."--

Answer:

aswer is A

Explanation:

because the CL,K,AR is correct since it is order right

Answer:

The reactants are on the left of the arrow, the products are on the right.

Explanation:

Reactants are the substances that exist before the chemical reaction takes place. When writing a chemical reaction or equation, they are found on the left of the arrow. They react to form new substances, which are known as the products. The products are found to the right of the arrow in the reaction.

Every diatomic molecule is having a linear geometry. The shape of dioxygen is linear with double bond between the oxygen atoms.

Molecules are formed by the combination of atoms. There are diatomic , triatomic  or tetratomic molecules or simply polyatomic molecules. Molecule are the basic units of compounds.

Oxygen is an electronegative element and is normally exists as diatomic molecules in atmosphere. Oxygen have 6 valence electrons and need two more electrons to achieve stability.

Thus, one oxygen combines with other by sharing two electrons each and forms a double bond between. Thus the oxygen molecules exhibit a linear geometry.

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