Based on Tobin’s q theory of investment, discuss how changes in
stock prices affect level of investment in an economy, make
reference to the South African economy. (25 Marks)

Answer:

the answer is: Current yield

To reduce operating costs in the production department, alternative flow pattern layouts that can be implemented are the U-shaped flow pattern and the Cellular flow pattern.

The U-shaped flow pattern involves arranging the machines in a U-shape, allowing for a more efficient and streamlined flow of materials and processes. With this layout, the distance and time required for material transportation between machines are reduced, leading to improved productivity and reduced labor costs. The close proximity of machines also facilitates better communication and coordination among workers, further enhancing efficiency.

The Cellular flow pattern involves grouping machines into cells based on the sequence of operations required to produce a specific set of products. Each cell operates independently, handling a specific group of products. This layout promotes a more focused and efficient workflow within each cell, reducing the time and effort required for material handling and setup times. It can result in shorter production cycles, decreased labor costs, and improved overall productivity.

To compare the current status of the department with the alternative flow pattern layouts, it is necessary to consider the specific characteristics of the production processes, the products being manufactured, and the existing bottlenecks or inefficiencies. By analyzing the current flow pattern, production rates, and labor costs, it is possible to estimate the potential cost savings and productivity improvements that can be achieved with each alternative layout.

However, it is important to note that implementing alternative flow pattern layouts may have some disadvantages. For the U-shaped flow pattern, it may require significant reconfiguration of the production area and potential disruptions to the existing workflow during the transition period. Additionally, the U-shaped layout may not be suitable for all types of production processes or product lines.

Similarly, the Cellular flow pattern may require restructuring of the production department and reassigning workers into specialized cells. This may lead to resistance from employees who are accustomed to a different work environment or who prefer a more diverse range of tasks. Furthermore, implementing the Cellular layout may require additional investment in equipment or technology to support the functioning of each cell.

Overall, while alternative flow pattern layouts such as the U-shaped flow pattern and the Cellular flow pattern can offer cost savings and productivity improvements, careful consideration of the specific production processes, products, and workforce dynamics is necessary. The potential benefits need to be weighed against the associated disadvantages and potential challenges of implementing the alternative layouts.

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Developing descriptions for KSAOs involves identifying the necessary knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics. Encompassing 1) knowledge, 2) skills, and 3) abilities/characteristics.

1) What knowledge is required to perform the tasks?
- Knowledge of relevant theories, concepts, and principles related to the job
- Familiarity with industry trends and regulations
- Understanding of best practices and techniques

2) What skills are necessary to perform the tasks?
- Technical skills specific to the job, such as programming or data analysis
- Communication and interpersonal skills to interact effectively with others
- Problem-solving and critical thinking skills to analyze and address challenges
- Organizational and time management skills to prioritize tasks and meet deadlines
- Leadership and teamwork skills to collaborate with colleagues

3) What abilities and other characteristics are needed to perform the tasks?
- Adaptability and flexibility to handle changing demands and situations
- Attention to detail to ensure accuracy and quality of work
- Resilience and perseverance to overcome obstacles and setbacks
- Creativity and innovation to generate new ideas and solutions
- Emotional intelligence and empathy to understand and relate to others

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Answer:

Consistent, Competitive & Profitable.

Explanation:

correct on edge

The three traditional Gs of growth are Growth, Gratitude, and Giving

The standard of a piece of information being discussed is indicated by tradition. For instance, "Homer is said to have been born on the island of Chios, although many other places have historically claimed him as their own." It may never be possible to confirm or deny this custom.

Growth: In other words, if you develop your workforce, your business will do the same. Don't you make an effort to hire employees that are smarter than you Give them an opportunity to succeed while guiding them while they do so.tradition

Gratitude can take many different forms. Your customers conducting business with you, internal promotions, and improving someone. Investing in a better world and receiving assistance in whatever form are both aspects of gratitude.

Giving: is a straightforward conclusion; you give it your all without holding back. Giving is recognizing the need and taking action to provide assistance in any form that is practical. Giving ultimately causes the business world to whirl. If you do it, other people will too. That's how easy it is.

Therefore,  Traditional Gs of growth are Growth, Gratitude, and Giving

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The profit is -$480.03. Since the profit is negative, there is no arbitrage opportunity.

Given exchange rates:

USD/CAD = 0.7047

MXN/CAD = 6.4390

MXN/USD = 8.7535 (inverse of USD/MXN)

To find the no-arbitrage implied cross-rate of MXN/USD and determine the arbitrage profit of investing the $1000, solve this step by step.

So, to find the no-arbitrage (implied cross-rate) of MXN/USD, use the cross-rate formula.

Cross rate formula:

The cross rate is the exchange rate between two currencies where neither of the currencies is the official currency of the country in which the exchange rate quote is given. It is used to calculate the exchange rate between two non-US dollar currencies.

In this question, there are 3 exchange rates. These three exchange rates can be used to find the implied cross rate between MXN/USD as follows:

USD/CAD * CAD/MXN = USD/MXN

0.7047 * 6.4390 = 4.5461 MXN/USD

Therefore, the no-arbitrage (implied cross-rate) of MXN/USD is 4.5461 MXN/USD.

Now, to determine the arbitrage profit of investing the $1000, we use the following steps:

Step 1: Convert USD to CAD.

1000 USD * 0.7047 CAD/USD = 704.7 CAD

Step 2: Convert CAD to MXN.

704.7 CAD * 6.4390 MXN/CAD = 4542.9 MXN

Step 3: Convert MXN to USD.

4542.9 MXN * 1 USD/8.7535 MXN = 519.97 USD

Step 4: Calculate the profit.

$519.97 - $1000 = -$480.03

The result is negative which means that there is no arbitrage opportunity and the profit is -$480.03.

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He favored collective bargaining and closed shops that changed the way unions operate.

Gompers aimed to transform the economic, social, and political conditions of workers in America by strengthening the labor movement.

He promoted three ideas in order to achieve this.

These views and motives of Samuel Gomper organized the unionized labor and helped them to take their rights.

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Answer:

Invasion biology deals with invasive species. If an “invasive” species is defined as a species that spreads to the detriment of economic interests and public health, however, invasion biology could not be easily distinguished from pest management and public health sciences.

Explanation:

Answer: Cultural

2. Political-Legal

3. Education and skills

4. Economic system

5. Education and skills

6. Political-Legal

7. Economic system

8. Cultural

Explanation:

Cultural factor are the beliefs, values and the traditions that affects an organization.

The political-legal factor refers to the policies and the laws in place which affect a business.

Education and skills are the skills that are possessed by an individual and their level of education which has an impact on a business.

Economic system refers to the way through which societies organize and distribute the resources in the economy.

Based on the above definition, the answers to the questions will be:

1. Cultural

2. Political-Legal

3. Education and skills

4. Economic system

5. Education and skills

6. Political-Legal

7. Economic system

8. Cultural

Answer: When they begin to get trades beyond how their previous annual turn over and international requests

Explanation:

Many businesses start from homes due to they can't afford to pay or rent a property yet while run their business. Businesses have different methods of operation, while some operate strickly domestically, others might want to either sell domestically too or do same alongside internationally.

A company can begin expanding or considering international trade on it's sales when they begin to receive large recommendation and request internationally.

The factors that might affect most cases always be fear and cost related. Fear of being kicked out of the market by competitors and cost in the sense of competitors beating his prices to give them a challenge.

Any firm should start consider expanding from domestic trade to international trade when its has already saturated the domestic market and needed to expand outside of the country for further growth opportunities.

Normally, a company can begin expanding its scale on international trade when they begin to receive large recommendation and request internationally.

Also, some of the factors that might affect them includes operation cost, trade barrier, competitors etc, in the international market etc

However, a firm should start consider expanding from domestic trade to international trade when its has already saturated the domestic market and needed to expand outside of the country for further growth opportunities.

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Answer:

business operations

Explanation:

Answer:

Negotiation.

Explanation:

An individual with power over the specific allocation and use of resources is generally required or expected to be able to use that power in the decision-making process and take necessary actions.

However, if such individual refuses to exercise his or her powers as stated above, it would generate a conflict due to the fact that processes that are fundamental for the smooth running of the system or business would not take place.

Negotiation can be defined as a process in which two or more people with common or conflict interests decide on a specific issue or business transaction.

Basically, negotiating may lead to the following situations; win-win, lose-lose or win-lose-lose-win.

Hence, it is very important and essential for parties involved in the execution of a project or business transaction to negotiate in order to mitigate conflicts.

I Having outlined the details, I will now offer a few other points. This statement shows that the writer has already provided a thorough explanation of the subject matter and is now offering additional insights or perspectives.n a formal report, the most effective review would be option C).

It demonstrates that the writer has a good understanding of the topic and is capable of providing a well-rounded analysis. Option E) All of the above are effective may not be as effective as it does not provide a clear direction or focus for the review. It may also be perceived as lacking in depth or critical analysis.

Therefore, option C is the most effective choice for a formal report review.

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Which of the following would be the most effective review in a formal report?

A) As this section has shown, our current marketing strategy is highly effective.

B) The next segment illustrates potential challenges.

C) Having outlined the details, I will now offer a few other points.

D) All of the above are effective

Trade creates value because it allows individuals to exchange goods or services they do not want for items they desire, resulting in mutual benefit and increased overall satisfaction.

Trade is a fundamental concept in economics, and its value creation lies in the principle of comparative advantage and the satisfaction gained from exchanging goods or services. Individuals engage in trade because they possess different preferences, skills, and resources.

Through trade, individuals can specialize in producing goods or services in which they have a comparative advantage. This means they can produce a particular item at a lower opportunity cost compared to others. By specializing and trading with others, individuals can maximize their overall well-being and satisfaction. They can obtain goods or services that they highly value but are unable to produce efficiently themselves.

The process of trading enables the allocation of resources to be more efficient, leading to increased production, innovation, and the availability of a wider variety of goods and services.

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No, because the decision has already been made by the Board of Directors.

More about directors and decision making:

The board's decision-making process is divided into two stages: communication and decision-making. Each director decides whether to incur a cost to communicate his information to others during the communication stage. At the decision-making stage, all directors take actions (e.g., vote) based on their private information and information inferred from the discussion, and the board makes a collective decision. Directors may have conflicts of interest and thus prefer a decision that is not in the best interests of the shareholders. Directors may also have a preference for conformity and thus incur a loss if their actions differ from those of other directors, such as voting differently than the majority.

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Answer:

Avoid forwarding spam and unnecessary messages such as chain letters.

Explanation: did the test

The good rule that must follow at the time of sending business emails is to avoid forwarding spam and unwanted texts like chain letters.

An email, is also called as the electronic mail. It is one of the most extensively employed features of the Internet, that is mostly used in the formal business organizations.

It allows a person to transport and acquire messages from nay person in the globe that has an email account. Within the TCP/IP suite, email uses a variety of protocols.

When sending business emails, a good tip to follow is to avoid forwarding spam and undesirable texts like chain letters.

Therefore, the use of formal languages and proper formats made the emails more accurate.

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Answer:

Competitive supply market, substitution is possible, price per unit is important.

Explanation:

A portfolio variance is used to determine the overall risk or dispersion of returns of a portfolio and it is the square of the standard deviation associated with the particular portfolio.

The portfolio variance is given by the equation;

\(Variance = w^{2}_{1} d^{2}_{1} + w^{2}_{2} d^{2}_{2}+2w_{1}w_{2}C_{OV_{1, 2}}\)

Where;

\(w_{n}\) = the weight of the nth security.

\(d^{2}_{n}\) = the variance of the nth security.

\(C_{OV_{1, 2}}\) = the covariance of the two security.

In the portfolio matrix, characteristics of goods and services in the leverage quadrant are competitive supply market, substitution is possible, price per unit is important. Thus, the leverage quadrant represents a significant part of expenditures and are really important for a business.

Answer:

1.) Engineer play very important role in the development of society and nation. Engineer plan and build new bridges, huse building, roads, railways, dams, canals, etc. that helps agricultural, living, transportation and commuting. Appliance and gadgets at home are degined by engineers. They built the infrastructure and the tools necessary for progress.

2. A veterinary (Animal doctor) treat disease, disorders, and injuries in animlas. Most veterinary physician workbin clinical setting, treating animal directly.

3. Yeah, I do agree because finance sector is essential for day to day operation. It is the task of examining and controlling ecnomic transaction on the regular basic fir the financial sucess, based on law

Answer:

a. Pod casts

Explanation:

Podcast are audio or video files that can be downloaded from the Internet via a subscription that automatically delivers new content to listening devices or personal computers

Answer:

"competitive advantage

Explanation:

A "competitive advantage" exists when one brand is perceived to possess and deliver qualities and benefits that competitive brands do not possess. This can include factors such as superior quality, unique features, lower prices, better customer service, or stronger brand recognition. A competitive advantage can help a brand stand out in a crowded marketplace, attract and retain customers, and ultimately achieve long-term success.

The weighted-average costing method is used by Manama Steel for its production cost worksheet. The firm processes only one type of steel.

The following information is given for the current period: Units, Material Costs, Conversion Costs, Beginning Inventory (400, $2,000, $4,300), Started During the Current Period (500, $5,000, $8,000), and Ending Inventory (200). All materials are added at the ending of the production process. The beginning inventory was 40% complete as to conversion, while the ending inventory was 60% completed for conversion purposes. To calculate the cost of production
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The journal entries recorded by Goch General Engineering Company (GGEC) include the payment of €60,000 in dividends.

Dividends represent distributions of profits to the owners of a company and are typically recorded as a decrease in owners' equity. The payment of €60,000 in dividends reduces the owners' equity by that amount.

The increase in accounts receivable for services rendered represents revenue earned by GGEC. Revenue increases the owners' equity and reflects the company's earnings. Therefore, the €30,000 increase in accounts receivable has a positive effect on owners' equity.

The purchase of equipment for €28,000 is considered a capital expenditure and does not directly impact owners' equity. Instead, it affects the asset side of the balance sheet by increasing the value of the equipment owned by the company.

In summary, the payment of dividends decreases owners' equity, while the increase in accounts receivable for services rendered and the purchase of equipment do not directly impact owners' equity. The overall net effect on owners' equity depends on the specific amounts and any other transactions that may have occurred.

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To combat the Great Depression, President Hoover initiated public works programs and passed the Glass-Steagall Act of 1932. This resulted in increased labor protection and agricultural subsidies. He also signed the unwise Smoot-Hawley Collective Bargaining Act.

What did the Glass-Steagall Act do and why was it repealed?

The Glass-Steagall Act prevented banks from functioning as both commercial and investment banks. Demolition was just one many factors that contributed to the collapse of the housing market. Poor lending practices were a major cause of the 2008 financial crisis.

Who Benefited from the Glass-Steagall Act?

Only 10% of a commercial bank's total revenue can come from securities. With one exception, commercial banks were allowed to underwrite government bonds. The Glass-Steagall Act was passed to encourage banks to spend their money on loans rather than investing in the stock market.

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In reporting on an entity's internal control over financial reporting for an integrated audit of an issuer, a practitioner should include a paragraph that describes the: Inherent limitations of any internal control.

What are Inherent limitations of any internal control?

All internal control systems come with certain inherent restrictions. These consist of: Decision-making: Decisions made with human judgment under time constraints to conduct business based on the information at hand will reduce the effectiveness of controls. Breakdowns: Even internal controls that are adequately constructed might fail. There are auditing characteristics known as inherent limits that limit the extent to which an auditor may gain total assurance. The practitioner cannot guarantee the user of the f.s.t that the f.s.t are completely free from material misrepresentation due to the inherent limitations of an audit. Internal controls have drawbacks related to manual processes, effort overlap or duplication, and a lack of governance, among other things.

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Answer:

B. In an emergency

Explanation:

Insurance is purchased to protect things that you own

The given statement-''if the accumulated other comprehensive income (g/l) account is less than the corridor, the net gains and losses are subject to amortization'' is True.

The corridor approach is a concept used in accounting for pension and other post-employment benefit plans. It sets a threshold or corridor that determines when net gains and losses need to be recognized in the income statement.

Under this approach, if the accumulated other comprehensive income (G/L) account falls below the corridor, which is typically defined as a percentage of the greater of the pension benefit obligation or plan assets, the net gains and losses are amortized over time.

Amortization involves spreading the recognition of these gains and losses over the expected remaining service lives of the plan participants.

Amortizing the net gains and losses helps to smooth out their impact on the income statement over time, preventing significant fluctuations in financial reporting due to market volatility or changes in actuarial assumptions.

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Answer: stress management and willingness to travel

Explanation:

Based on the scenario described in the question, Option A and C are both wrong as she doesn't need mechanical knowledge. Mechanical knowledge has to do with one's ability to be able to understand and use tools. She also doesn't need customer service as she isn't attending to customers or anyone.

Since she had to quickly go to Atlanta to put the finishing touches on the project, what she needs is her ability to manage stress and also her willingness to travel.

Answer:

D, Stress management and willingness to travel.

Explanation:

Edge 2020 <3

Answer:

A real account is a publicly generalized account that does not close at the end of the considered year. Apparently, the balances in real accounts are carried over to become the start of balances of the next period. Real accounts are also permanent accounts.

Answer:

Explanation:

A real account is a acccount that’s valid until one year

Answer:

a hierarchy of authority must be created that clarifies the responsibilities of both domestic and foreign managers

Explanation: