Calculate the volume of plasmid and insert needed for a ligation reaction using the specifications for NEBL T4 DNA ligase (0.020 pmol vector, 0.060 pmol insert). This reaction is ligating a 3kb vector (25ng/μL) and a 2kb (10ng/μL) insert together, and the fragments have complementary sticky ends. Round final answers to the nearest hundredths place.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer -
1. volume of the plasmid: 2 ml
2. insert needed = 100 mg
Explanation:
Calculating the inserted by the formula:
\(\dfrac{insert\ size}{vector\ size}\times\dfrac{moles\ of\ insert}{moles\ of\ vector}=\dfrac{insert}{vector}\)
for a mormal vector size using 50 mg of vector DNA per ligation reaction.
take x as required insert:
\(\dfrac{2}{3}\times\dfrac{0.060}{0.020}=\dfrac{x}{50}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{3}\times\dfrac{3}{1}=\dfrac{x}{50}\)
\(\dfrac{6}{3}=\dfrac{x}{50}\)
3x = 300
\(x=\dfrac{300}{3}\)
x = 100 mg
Volume of plasmid vector is :
\(\text{volume of plasmid}=\dfrac{\text{amount of vector needed}}{\text{conc. of vector}}=\dfrac{50}{25}\)
volume of plamid vector = 2 ml.
Related Questions
Does anyone know how to do this? Pls help
Answers
Punnett squares are used to get probabilities of getting the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring of a cross. Parentals) Rr x rr. 1) 0% of the progeny is expected to be pure round. 2) 50% of the progeny is expected to be hybrid. 3) 50% of the progeny is expected to be pure wrinkled. 4) 50% of the progeny is expected to be round. 5) 50% of the progeny is expected to be wrinkled.
What is a Punnett square?The Punnett square is a graphic representation that shows the different types of gamete combinations according to the alleles involved in a cross.
Punnett square shows the probabilities of getting offspring with different genotypes and their consequent phenotypes.
Now we need to cross a hybrid round plant with a pure wrinkled plant. Remember that hybrid means heterozygous.
We know that the gene that codes for this trait is a diallelic gene,
R codes for round r codes for wrinkledParentals) Rr x rr
Gametes) R r r r
Punnett square) R r
r Rr rr
r Rr rr
F1) Genotype
1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be heterozygous, Rr
1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be homozygous recessive, rr
Phenotype
1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to have round seeds
1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to have wrinkled seeds
1) 0% of the progeny is expected to be pure round
2) 50% of the progeny is expected to be hybrid
3) 50% of the progeny is expected to be pure wrinkled
4) 50% of the progeny is expected to be round
5) 50% of the progeny is expected to be wrinkled
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How many holes are in the human body?
Project due today.
Answers
Answer:
7
Explanation:
"Seven natural body openings or orifices providing access to an internal cavity through a natural passage called a canal, duct or meatus."
Carbonic anhydrase is a protein present in red blood cells. It catalyzes a reaction to convert carbon dioxide into carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions so that CO2 waste may be more easily removed from the body.
What role does this protein play in the body?
Answers
Carbon dioxide is converted to carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions with the help of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase found in red blood cells. The same enzyme aids in converting the bicarbonate ions back to carbon dioxide when red blood cells go to the lungs, where they are exhaled.
What is the action of carbonic anhydrase?In humans, the primary function of carbonic anhydrase is to catalyze the transformation of carbon dioxide into carbonic acid and back again. However, it can also aid in the blood's transportation of CO2, which benefits breathing. Even the stomach's production of hydrochloric acid can use it.
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Though the brain represents less than 2 percent of your body weight, it uses 25 percent of
the oxygen you breathe and 70 percent of your glucose supply.
The brain has five basic regions:
Cerebellum - Coordinates body movement.
Brain stem - Responsible for basic life functions such as blood pressure and breathing.
Thalamus - A Grand Central relay station for incoming data from all the senses except
smell.
Hypothalamus - A regulator of hunger, thirst, sleep, sexuality, and emotions.
Cerebrum - Our gray matter, home to thought, vision, language memory, emotions. It's
divided into hemispheres. If you're right-handed, odds are the right hemisphere is where
you make sense of music, images, space, emotions. Your left hemisphere is apt to focus
on math, language, speech. In left-handed people, tasks are usually reversed.
The brain works via the communication of nerve cells along complicated circuit patterns
that register on encephalograms as brain waves, including the relaxed "alpha waves" so
beloved by meditators.
What conclusion can you draw from the information provided about the brain?
A. The brain uses a higher percentage of oxygen than any other organ.
B. The cerebrum is the most essential region of the brain.
C. Eating disorders do not involve testing on any regions of the brain.
D. Call regions of the brain are essential for normal human function.
E. Any injury to the brainstem may result in sensory dysfunction.
Answers
Answer:
D. All regions of the brain are essential for normal human function.
How does a catalyst influence a chemical reaction?
Answers
Answer: A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction, without being consumed by the reaction. It increases the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy for a reaction. ... Remember that with a catalyst, the average kinetic energy of the molecules remains the same but the required energy decreases
Explanation:
although bacteria do not have membrane-bound organelles in their cytoplasm, they do have inclusion bodies such as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and sulfur granules. why would bacteria want to store these compounds?
a) these compounds are useful forms of energy
b) these compounds are toxic to potential predators
c) these compounds create a favorable osmotic environment for the cell
d) these compounds provide resistance to water shortages
Answers
These compounds are useful forms of energy (option A).
Bacteria store various types of compounds as inclusion bodies to use as an energy source when nutrients are scarce.
What is Bacteria?Bacteria are common, largely free-living organisms that frequently only have one biological cell. They make up a significant portion of the prokaryotic microbial kingdom. Bacteria, which are typically a few micrometers long and were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, are found in the majority of its habitats.
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a common inclusion body that bacteria use to store carbon and energy. When the bacteria need energy, they can break down PHB into its constituent parts and use them to generate ATP, which is the primary energy currency in cells. Sulfur granules are another example of inclusion bodies that some bacteria store to use as an energy source.
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What is the process that occurs when a recipient eukaryote cell accepts DNA gragmets indirectly from the surrounding environment?
Answers
Answer:
horizontal gene transfer
Explanation:
Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) can be defined as a non-sexual process that enables the exchange of genetic information between genomes. Although HGT mainly occurs between prokaryotic genomes, an increasing number of examples involving eukaryotic host genomes have recently been described. Agrobacterium bacteria are capable of transferring and integrating DNA into the genome of eukaryotic cell hosts by the HGT mechanism. The transference of genetic material via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is widely used in biotechnology to generate plants with desired genetic sequences. In the last years, it has been shown that various bacterial species including Bartonella henselae Rhizobium etli or even Escherichia coli, are able to genetically transform eukaryotic cells under laboratory growth conditions. The genetic phenomenon of horizontal gene transfer has evolutionary significance since it enables to bypass barriers between kingdoms in order to acquire nucleotide sequences that may eventually have some adaptive advantage. Moreover, the mechanism of horizontal transfer challenges a narrow vision of the eukaryotic genome as a fixed entity.
What information did you include in your answer?
Check all that apply.
the definition of theory
the definition of hypothesis
a reference to repeated experimentation
when a hypothesis is tested
an example of a theory, such as the cell
theory
a connection between the definitions of
theory and hypothesis
Answers
I characterized the theory as a well-supported clarification and the hypothesis as a proposed clarification for testing. I emphasized rehashed experimentation and gave a case of the cell hypothesis.
What is the information I included in my answerBased on the given alternatives, the data included in my answer include:
The definition of theory.The definition of hypothesis.A reference to rehashed experimentation.When a hypothesis is tried.A case of a theory, such as the cell theory.An association between the definitions of theory and hypothesis.I gave the definitions of hypothesis and theory, clarifying that a hypothesis could be a well-substantiated explanation for a marvel whereas a theory may be a proposed clarification to be tried. I said the importance of rehashed experimentation in approving or negating theories.
I too insinuated the method of testing the hypothesis. Furthermore, I advertised the case of the cell theory as a logical hypothesis. In conclusion, I associated the definitions of hypothesis and theory, highlighting their relationship within the logical strategy where hypotheses are proposed and tried to back or challenge existing hypotheses.
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Which four body systems interact to allow a person to sneeze
Answers
Answer:
The sneeze centre sends signals to the parts of your body that need to work together to help you sneeze. Your chest muscles, diaphragm, abdominals, vocal cords and the muscles in the back of your throat all work together to help you expel the irritant. Muscular, immune, nervous, respiratory.
Explanation:
Compared to the other scientific research methods, the principal advantage of the experimental method is that it:
O Observes behavior in its natural setting
O Permits conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships
O can easily be used to study all research questions
O Allows for a description of behavior
Answers
The principal advantage of the experimental method is it permits conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships.
What do you mean by experimental research?Experimental research is a study conducted with a scientific approach using two sets of variables. The first set acts as a constant, which you use to measure the differences of the second set.
True experiments have four elements: manipulation, control , random assignment, and random selection. The most important of these elements are manipulation and control.
The goal of the experimental method is to provide more definitive conclusions about the causal relationships among the variables in a research hypothesis than what is available from correlational research.
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Form a hypothesis to explain the shape of this graph
Answers
Answer:
Can you please show the graph for i can help you?
Explanation:
T/F The first pressing of the grapes yield more juice than the second and third pressing, thus its juice is less costly and of lower value to the Champagne producer.
Answers
“The first pressing of the grapes yields more juice than the second and third. Thus, its juice is less costly and has a lower value to the champagne producer.” This statement is: False.
How to operate the winepress to make good champagnes?The winepress is a very essential device that is used to crush grapes and extract as much juice, color, and flavor as possible during winemaking. The first batch of pressing, also known as tailles, is the best quality than the second or third pressing. It is because tailles produce a relatively larger amount of juice, with top-tier flavor and color. Thus, its juice is more costly and has a higher value. Hence, the statement above is incorrect.
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Which of the following is a negative consequence of air pollution on people?
A. More crop growth
B. More intense sunlight
C. Less acid rain
D. More lung disease
Answers
4. In snapdragons, a gone that affects flower color has two alleles: red (R) and white
(W). In heterozygous individuals, the phenotype is pink.
a. What is the genotype of a pink flower?
b. Show a cross between two pink snapdragons
and give the expected genotype and phenotype.
Answers
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
a) Since the pink phenotype is heterozygous, the genotype would be RW.
b) The pink genotype is RW. Hence, a cross between two pink snapdragons will go thus:
RW x RW
RR RW RW WW
Expected genotypes: 1/4 RR, 1/2 RW, 1/4 WW
Expected phenotypes: 1/4 red-flowered plants, 1/2 pink-flowered plant, 1/4 white-flowered plant.
Bacteria, like most forms of life use ___ to reduce the activation energy of metabolic reactions.
select all correct answers
Bacteria, like most forms of life use ___ to reduce the activation energy of metabolic reactions.
select all correct answers
catalysts
resonance structures
entropy
photons
enzymes
Answers
Answer:
Catalysts, enzymes
Explanation:
Catalysts are known for reducing the activation energy of a reaction thus increasing the reaction rate.
Enzymes are a type of catalyst.
Circle in red the two genes that are closest together
Answers
Locate each of the following general areas of your body as listed in the background by pointing to areas on your body in reference to body orientation terms. Become familiar with these terms so you can eventually recall their meanings without referring to the background.
a. Anterior
b. Caudal
c. Cephalic
d. Deep
Answers
Answer:
a. Anterior: Refers to the front of the body, which comprises the face and abdomen.
b. Caudal: Refers to the lower structures of the body, starting from the waist towards the foot.
c. Cephalic: Refers to the entire head region.
d. Deep: Refers to the inner core regions of the body, such as the bones within the muscle, the organs, among other internal structures.
Explanation:
The regions of the body presented above are very important for all health professionals, as it facilitates the study and understanding of the human body and the structures that make it up. In addition, the memorization of these terms allows health professionals to talk clearly about the injuries that patients have and the best way to treat them.
16.
Define Habitat. Write about pond habitat.
Answers
Answer:
Habitat is the natural home or environment of an animal, plant or other organism.
What 3 traits have led to human evolution? And why?
Answers
Answer: bipedalism, brain expansion, and culture
Explanation:
5. Divide the following signed numbers:
please help will give extra
a.
-8
-2
b.
+9
-1
c.
-12
-48
Answers
Answer:
-8-2=-10
+9-1=8
-12-48=-60
Explanation:
what usually accompanies a cold spell in minnesota?
Answers
what is the steps of the digestion of protein
Answers
Answer:
Protein digestion begins when you first start chewing. There are two enzymes in your saliva called amylase and lipase. They mostly break down carbohydrates and fats. Once a protein source reaches your stomach, hydrochloric acid and enzymes called proteases break it down into smaller chains of amino acids.
Hope this helps :)
Answer
Enzymes break down carbohydrates, proteins and fats
Explanation:
Protein digestion begins when you first start chewing. There are two enzymes in your saliva called amylase and lipase. They mostly break down carbohydrates and fats. Once a protein source reaches your stomach, hydrochloric acid and enzymes called proteases break it down into smaller chains of amino acids.
PLEASE I BEG YOUUUU HELP
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
An alcoholic male has developed hepatic cirrhosis. To control the ascites and edema, which should be prescribed? A. Acetazolamide B. Chlorthalidone C. Furosemide D. E. Spironolactone
Answers
Answer:
A- Acetazolamide
Explanation:
Acetazolamide can reduce drowsiness and dizziness within the patient. Its a reliever.
A researcher investigates a blood disease carried by birds. She isolates an organism from the blood of an infected bird. She finds that the
organism is unicellular and has a nucleus, a cell wall, and the ability to produce spores. What kingdom does the organism belong to?
O A. bacteria
O B. sarcodina
• C.
protista
• D.
archaea
Answers
The organism belongs to A (bacteria )
1. What is an ideal gas?
Answers
Answer: An ideal gas is a gas that conforms to the ideal gas law, which is a relation between pressure, volume, and temperature. it is a theoretical gas composed of many randomly moving point particles that are not subject to interparticle interaction. :)
Explanation:
Will give brainlist
The temperature of a substance changes from 120 C to 35 C. Which of the following is true?
The Kinetic Energy of the particles did not change.
The particles of the substance resulted in a high Kinetic Energy.
The particles of the substance initially had high Kinetic Energy.
Answers
The particles of the substance initially had high Kinetic Energy.
Does the kinetic energy of a particle change as the temperature changes?Gas particles move quickly in all directions and regularly collide with one another and the container's side. The particles gather kinetic energy and accelerate as the temperature rises. The particles' real average speed is influenced by their mass and temperature.
In liquids, particles are quite close together and move with random motion throughout the container. Due to the closer proximity of the particles, collisions between them happen more frequently than in gases even if particles are moving quickly in all directions.
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explain the importance of all 3 biomolecules in general and for making ATP.
Answers
The three biomolecules that are used for making ATP are Lipids (fats) , Carbohydrates and Proteins
The biomolecules also known as biological molecules serve a wide range of activities and they vary in shape and their size . It is also considered essential to life because they help organisms develop, survive, and propagate. The biomolecules interact with one another which play a role in the development of organisms .
There are four types of biological molecules which are carbohydrates which is used as an energy source , lipids which is used for storage and support , proteins is used for supporting essential vital functions and amino acids are the developing elements that make up proteins and nucleic acids for storing genetic information .
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The temperature in a room is 56c. What would the velocity of a sound wave be at this temperature
Answers
Answer:
The temperature in a room is 56°C. The velocity of a sound wave be at this temperature would be 364.6 Hz.
State the names of two substances produced by photosynthesis.
Answers
Answer:
During photosynthesis, plants produce glucose from simple inorganic molecules - carbon dioxide and water - using light.
Explanation:
Examples of photosynthetic organisms include:
Plants.
Algae (Diatoms, Phytoplankton, Green Algae)
Euglena.
Bacteria (Cyanobacteria and Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria)