dna helicase is an enzyme responsible for unwinding dna in the cell. what step of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) does the job of this enzyme?
Answers
In the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), the enzyme responsible for unwinding the double-stranded DNA molecule is not DNA helicase, but rather heat.
The temperature is increased throughout the PCR's denaturation step to a point when the double-stranded DNA splits into two single strands. This procedure is often carried out for a brief length of time—usually between 15 and 30 seconds—at a temperature of 95 and 98 degrees Celsius.
Following the separation of the DNA strands, the target DNA sequence can be bound by the PCR primers, and the polymerase enzyme can then lengthen the new DNA strand using the single-stranded DNA as a template.
The polymerase enzyme functions best when the extension step is carried out at a lower temperature, usually about 72°C.
For such more question on Polymerase:
https://brainly.com/question/1343187
#SPJ11
Related Questions
What type of mutation involves changing one letter to another letter in a DNA
strand.
Answers
Answer:
Substitution
Explanation:
Substitution is when one letter is switched out for another.
Male crickets chirp to attract a mate. Chirping is dangerous because it can attract
predators of the crickets like birds or bats. Sometimes, other male crickets will wait
quietly and intercept the female on her way to a chirping male. How is the cricket
that intercepts the female cricket at an advantage?
Answers
The cricket that intercepts the female cricket is at an advantage because it can avoid the dangers of chirping, such as attracting predators.
Reproductive behavior of cricketsThe cricket that intercepts the female cricket has an advantage because it can avoid the dangers of chirping, such as attracting predators.
By remaining quiet, the male cricket can avoid detection and increase its chances of successfully mating with the female. Additionally, intercepting the female allows the male to avoid the competition and potential fights that can occur between male crickets when they compete for a mate.
As a result, intercepting the female is a successful strategy for male crickets to reproduce without risking injury or predation.
More on crickets can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/26710306
#SPJ1
Drag each tile to the correct box. Lipids such as fats serve as a stored form of energy and are required for various functions of the body. The body needs to digest and absorb the fats we consume so that it can accomplish these functions. Arrange the steps of fat digestion and absorption in the correct order.
Answers
Hello. This question is incomplete. The full question is:
Drag each tile to the correct box. Lipids such as fats serve as a stored form of energy and are required for various functions of the body. The body needs to digest and absorb the fats we consume so that it can accomplish these functions. Arrange the steps of fat digestion and absorption in the correct order. Tiles Food passes into the small intestine. The absorbed fats enter the circulatory system. Through mechanical digestion, the teeth grind food and break it into smaller parts. Pancreatic lipase breaks down the fat molecules. Churning and gastric juices further break down fat molecules. Lymphatic vessels absorb the digested fats.
Answer:
through mechanical digestion, the teeth grind food and break it into smaller partsChurning and gastric juices further break down fat molecules. Food passes into the small intestine. Pancreatic lipase breaks down the fat molecules. Lymphatic vessels absorb the digested fats. The absorbed fats enter the circulatory system.Explanation:
Digestion is the biological process that allows the food we consume to be transformed into substances that are similar to our bodies. This oricess begins with the entry of food into our food and ends with the assimilation of nutrients from that food into our bloodstream. This process is done in two stages: mechanical digestion (performed in the mouth) and chemical digestion (performed in the digestive system). In summary, this process happens as follows:
through mechanical digestion, the teeth grind food and break it into smaller partsChurning and gastric juices further break down fat molecules. Food passes into the small intestine. Pancreatic lipase breaks down the fat molecules. Lymphatic vessels absorb the digested fats. The absorbed fats enter the circulatory system.What is the biosafety level for a laboratory that has additional mechanical controls and a variety of special procedures and redundant system to afford protection when working with more hazardous organisms that could be deadly or for which a cure is not available
Answers
The biosafety level for a laboratory with additional mechanical controls, a variety of special procedures, and redundant systems to provide protection when working with highly hazardous organisms for which a cure may not be available is Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4).
The biosafety level for a laboratory with additional mechanical controls, a variety of special procedures, and redundant systems to provide protection when working with highly hazardous organisms for which a cure may not be available is Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4). BSL-4 laboratories have the highest level of containment and are designed to handle dangerous pathogens that pose a high risk of transmission and severe disease in humans. These laboratories feature advanced engineering controls, such as negative air pressure systems and sealed rooms, along with stringent protocols and personal protective equipment to ensure the safety of laboratory workers and prevent the accidental release of infectious agents into the environment.For more questions on Biosafety Level:
https://brainly.com/question/27899591
#SPJ8
Which organism is the most fit?
Tall giraffe
O Short giraffe
O They are both of the same fitness
O neither are a fit
Answers
Some students were building a model of a
digestive system. Which choice best
describes a process they should show with
their model?
F Tissues digest food for the organ
system to absorb.
GCells digest food, which is then
absorbed by organs.
Organs digest food by working
together as a system.
(H)
The organ system uses specialized
cells to digest food.
Answers
The digestive process is divided into four steps: ingestion, chemical and mechanical food breakdown, nutrient absorption, and expulsion of indigestible food.
What does the digestive process entail?
The digestive process starts as soon as something is chewed. In order for food to pass more easily through your esophagus and into your stomach, saliva, a digestive juice produced by your salivary glands, moistens the food. The carbs in food also begin to be broken down by an enzyme found in saliva.
Motility, digestion, absorption, and secretion are the four fundamental functions of the digestive system. Our digestive system transforms our food into energy that we can use.
The digestive system's initial function is to take in food through the mouth. The "ingesting" procedure must take place before anything else can happen.
The complete question is:
Some students were building a model of a digestive system. Which choice best describes a process they should show with their model?
a) F Tissues digest food for the organ system to absorb.
b) G Cells digest food, which is then absorbed by organs.
c) Organs digest food by working together as a system.
d) The organ system uses specialized cells to digest food.
To learn more about digestive system refer to:
brainly.com/question/956634
#SPJ1
your uncle wants to create a dog small enough to fit into a purse. of the hundreds of dogs on his farm, he breeds only the smallest 10% of them. he then breeds only the smallest 10% of their offspring, and continues to breed only the smallest 10% of each generation. over 20 years, he observes that his group of dogs did become smaller (though not small enough to fit into a purse). which line of support does he have that his dogs have evolved?
Answers
Your uncle did saw some progress, as evidenced by his claim that he wants to breed a dog tiny enough then to hide into a pocketbook.
What qualifies as a breed?A breed is a particular group of domesticated animals that exhibits homogenous behaviour, homogeneous look (phenotype), and/or other traits that set it apart from other members of the same family.
Briefing:The basis for evolution is the evolution of a species' inherited traits over time. This shift takes place gradually over several generations, not all at once. During reproducing, the parental genes' altered distinctive expression is passed on to the progeny.
For a lengthy 20 years, he exclusively bred the tiniest ones, generation after generation. Even if his babies are not too little to fit in a handbag, evolution still took place, and the ultimate result was him delivering the tiniest puppies.
To know more about Breeds visit:
https://brainly.com/question/27753669
#SPJ1
What was the southern part of Pangaea?
Tethys
Gondwana
Laurasia
Rodinia
Answers
Answer:
gondwana
Explanation:
i did the test (accelerate/buzz)
studocu what were your controls for this experiment? what did they demonstrate? why was saliva included in this experiment?
Answers
Positive control is Ginger root (should indicate the presence of amylase). Negative control is Cellulose (should not contain amylase). Here the presence of amylase is tested by testing the presence of starch using an IKI solution. Saliva is included in this experiment because it contains the enzyme amylase.
The amylase enzyme is being tested in this experiment. A positive control should be anything that is known to contain amylase as that would demonstrate the presence of the enzyme. A substance known to not contain amylase should be the negative control since it would demonstrate the absence of amylase. Since ginger root is known to contain amylase, it would act as the positive control as written.
By checking for the presence of starch using an IKI solution, the presence of amylase is indirectly detected. If there was no amylase, all the starch would be transformed to sugars since amylase breaks down starch into its monomers of the simple sugar glucose. Paper towel starch would be broken down if amylase were present.
IKI is initially yellow but changes to blue or black when starch is present. IKI would produce a yellow color after testing, denoting the absence of starch. Each student's negative control will be different, but it should be something that is known not to contain amylase. Water is an example of a negative control in this experiment since water lacks amylase. IKI does not alter the color of water when added to it.
This experiment makes use of saliva because it includes amylase. Consequently, the starch in the starch solution should be broken down by the amylase, causing the IKI to turn yellow or brown when exposed (indicating no starch left after the amylase has broken it down to glucose.) Given that we are aware the presence of amylase, this might also be regarded as a positive control.
Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was attached bellow
Learn more about amylase at https://brainly.com/question/2878489
#SPJ4
Please HELP :((
In Rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to white (b), and long ears (E) are dominant to short ears (e). What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring of a BBee x bbEE cross if these alleles sort independently?
Answers
Answer:
A. 16 black/long ears, 0 black/short ears, 0 White/long ears, 0 White/short ears
Explanation:
This question is a typical dihybrid cross i.e. involving two genes in rabbits. One coding for fur color and the other for ear length. The allele for black fur (B) is dominant to allele for white fur (b) and allele for long ear (E) is dominant to alelle for short ear (e).
In this question, a cross between two rabbits with genotypes: BBee x bbEE is performed. The following combination of gametes will be produced by each rabbit:
BBee - Be, Be, Be, and Be
bbEE - bE, bE, bE, and bE
Using these gametes in a punnet square (see attached image), the following proportion of offsprings will be produced:
All BbEe offsprings, which have a black fur and long ear phenotype.
Hence, the phenotypic ratio is 16 black/long ears, 0 black/short ears, 0 White/long ears, 0 White/short ears
Using the information given in "A Profitable Business," check the items that pertain to the churro sheep.
Spain
wool
favored breed
Africa
meat
no longer favored
Answers
The items that pertain to the churro sheep are Spain, wool, favored, breed, meat and no longer favored.
The churro sheep is a type of sheep that was generally preferred in Spain. It is known for delivering fleece, as well as meat. Be that as it may, over the long haul, the variety has become undesirable, and it is as of now not generally so famous as it used to be. Regardless of this, the churro sheep stays a type of verifiable and social importance in Spain. It is likewise tracked down in Africa, where it is utilized for both fleece and meat creation. This breed is an illustration of the significant job that domesticated animals creatures play in agribusiness, giving food and filaments to human use.
To learn more about domestication and husbandry, refer:
https://brainly.com/question/15109740
#SPJ4
How do plant cells make the large amounts of ATP they require to survive?
Answers
Answer:
Although plants produce NADPH and ATP by photosynthesis, this important process occurs in a specialized organelle, called a chloroplast, which is isolated from the rest of the plant cell by a membrane that is impermeable to both types of activated carrier molecules.
Explanation:
Answer:
thx for points <3
Explanation:
As we have just seen, cells require a constant supply of energy to generate and maintain the ... Food Molecules Are Broken Down in Three Stages to Produce ATP ... Large amounts of acetyl CoA are also produced by the stepwise breakdown and ... Yet animals have only periodic access to food, and plants need to survive ...
What particle in an atom determines what element it is?
Answers
Answer:
Protons
Explanation:
The number of protons in the nucleus determines which element an atom is, while the number of electrons surrounding the nucleus determines which kind of reactions the atom will undergo. The three types of subatomic particles are illustrated below for an atom of helium—which, by definition, contains two protons.
according to this figure, which pair of organisms shares the most recent common ancestor?
Answers
Answer:
is there any chance you can attach a picture of the 'figure'?
At the end of Chapter 5, Berck and Helfand find compensating variation (CV) and equivalent variation (EV) for wolves in Yellowstone Park - a publicly provided good. Assume wolves are a good to the individual whose preferences we are modeling, i.e., the individual wants more wolves in the wild, all else equal. Suppose there exists 5 wolves in Yellowstone Park, and the average individual has income of \$y. The individual's consumption bundle is A, and the initial indifference curve is I0. Suppose an environmental group provides funds for habitat, and it's expected this habitat will result in 5 more wolves in Yellowstone. Assume the individual's income stays the same. The new consumption bundle is B, and the new indifference curve is I'. Complete the following tasks all on one graph. A. Using our properties of indifference curves (i.e., make them crescent shaped), plot the initial bundle (A) and label with appropriate income and wolf count. Draw the initial indifference curve (I
0
). Be sure to label the graph completely. (Hint: Easiest to place a composite good on the vertical axis, wolf count on the horizontal axis) ( 2 pts) B. Draw the new indifference curve and identify the new consumption bundle (B) while labeling with the appropriate wolf count. ( 2 pts) C. Identify the theoretical consumption bundle (call it C ), that uses the original wolf count but lies on the new indifference curve I'. (2 pts) D. Label the area on the on the vertical axis that corresponds to the EV and CV of these changes. Then in the margins, define CV and EV as it relates to this specific problem
Answers
The initial bundle (A) is represented by the consumption combination (A, I0) with an income of y. Consumer surplus and compensating variation are both concepts in microeconomics that relate to the study of consumer behavior.
The initial indifference curve (I0) is a curved line that slopes upward to the right, indicating that as the individual consumes more of the good, their preference for that good increases, but their preference for the other good remains constant.
The new indifference curve (I') is a curved line that slopes upward to the right, indicating that as the individual consumes more of the good, their preference for that good increases, but their preference for the other good remains constant.
The new indifference curve (I') is plotted on the any type of graph as a curved line starting from the origin, with the vertical axis representing wolf count and the horizontal axis representing income.
Learn more about consumption Visit: brainly.com/question/30155938
#SPJ11
Correct Question:
At the end of Chapter 5, Berck and Helfand find compensating variation (CV) and equivalent variation (EV) for wolves in Yellowstone Park - a publicly provided good. Assume wolves are a good to the individual whose preferences we are modeling, i.e., the individual wants more wolves in the wild, all else equal. Suppose there exists 5 wolves in Yellowstone Park, and the average individual has income of y. The individual's consumption bundle is A, and the initial indifference curve is I0. What is the difference between consumer surplus and compensating variation?
What do lampreys, sharks, snakes, turtles, and cats have that a hagfish lacks? A) legs B) a craniumC) vertebrae D) jaws E) a notochord at some point in their lives
Answers
Lampreys, sharks, snakes, turtles, and cats all have jaws, while hagfish lack them. The correct option is D).
Jaws are specialized bony structures that are found in the mouth of most vertebrates. They are essential for biting and tearing food, which is then processed in the digestive system.
While hagfishes are also vertebrates, they are classified as jawless fish. Instead of jaws, they have a round, muscular mouth that they use to suck in food. This adaptation is more primitive than having jaws, and it is thought that hagfishes diverged from other vertebrates earlier in evolutionary history.
Overall, the presence or absence of jaws is an important distinguishing feature among vertebrates, and it reflects the adaptations that these animals have evolved to survive in their respective environments.
To know more about hagfish refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/31495515#
#SPJ11
Which animal has more food connections?
The harpy eagle or the ocelot ?
Answers
Answer:The harpy eagle
Explanation:I hoped I helped
about 99 percent of the uv radiation that the sun showers on earth is blocked by:
Answers
About 99 percent of the UV radiation that the sun showers on Earth is blocked by the Earth's atmosphere.
The ozone layer, which is located in the stratosphere, absorbs most of the sun's harmful UV radiation. The remaining UV radiation that reaches the Earth's surface can cause skin damage and other health problems, which is why it's important to protect yourself from the sun's rays by wearing sunscreen and protective clothing. Additionally, the Earth's atmosphere also helps regulate the temperature of the planet by trapping heat and preventing it from escaping into space. This is known as the greenhouse effect and is important for maintaining the Earth's habitable climate. Overall, the Earth's atmosphere plays a crucial role in protecting life on our planet from harmful radiation and maintaining a stable climate.
To learn more about atmosphere click here https://brainly.com/question/31406689
#SPJ11
a) why do you think that the concentration at which microtubules begin to form (the critical concentration) is different in the two experiments?
Answers
The difference in the critical concentration at which microtubules begin to form in the two experiments could be attributed to variations in experimental conditions, protein sample purity, stabilizing or destabilizing factors, or differences in the experimental setup.
The reason the concentration at which microtubules begin to form (the critical concentration) is different in the two experiments could be due to several factors. Some possible factors include:
1. Variations in experimental conditions: Differences in temperature, pH, or buffer composition could affect the critical concentration.
2. Purity of the protein sample: Different levels of purity in the tubulin protein samples used in the experiments might influence the critical concentration.
3. Presence of stabilizing or destabilizing factors: Various proteins or molecules can interact with microtubules and affect their stability. If the two experiments have different concentrations or types of these factors, it may cause differences in the critical concentration.
4. Differences in the experimental setup: Different methods of measurement or data analysis might result in discrepancies in the observed critical concentration.
You can learn more about microtubules at: brainly.com/question/12493051
#SPJ11
The most common form of color blindness is related to the deficiencies in the:a. bipolar cellsb. blue-yellow systemc. blue-red systemd. red-green systeme. black-white system
Answers
The most common form of color blindness is related to the deficiencies in the d. red-green system.
People with this type of color blindness have difficulty distinguishing between red and green colors.
Red-green color blindness is a genetic condition that affects the way the eye perceives colors. It is more common in men than women, as it is an X-linked recessive trait. This means that a woman can be a carrier of the condition, but she may not experience any symptoms.
There are different types of red-green color blindness, but they all involve difficulty distinguishing between red and green colors. Some people may have difficulty seeing red and green colors as separate and distinct, while others may see them as the same color or have trouble differentiating between shades of red and green.
Red-green color blindness can have an impact on everyday life, such as when driving or interpreting signals, but most people are able to adapt and compensate for their color vision deficiency. There is currently no cure for color blindness, but some assistive devices and software can help people with color vision deficiency to better differentiate colors.
To know more about color blindness
brainly.com/question/29658462
#SPJ4
true/false. the nose is caudal to the ribs.
Answers
False, the nose is not caudal to the ribs.
To elaborate, the terms "caudal" and "cranial" are used to describe the anatomical position of body parts in relation to one another. Caudal refers to a position that is closer to the tail end of the body, while cranial refers to a position that is closer to the head. In this case, the nose is actually cranial to the ribs, meaning it is closer to the head end of the body.
The ribs, on the other hand, are caudal to the nose as they are positioned closer to the tail end of the body. They are located in the thoracic region and play a vital role in protecting vital organs such as the heart and lungs. It is important to understand these anatomical terms when discussing the relative position of body structures, as they provide a standardized way of conveying information about the location of various body parts. In summary, the statement "the nose is caudal to the ribs" is false, as the nose is actually in a cranial position relative to the ribs.
Know more about caudal here:
https://brainly.com/question/28741916
#SPJ11
Lipids commonly contain fatty acids. what are the two parts of a fatty acid?check all that apply?
Answers
Hope this helped you.
help me guys please tomorrow is the deadline please help
Answers
Answer:
the cooler air is H, and the hotter air is L
Explanation: Since the cooler air is less dense it has lower pressure, which is why it sinks. the hotter air becomes less dense because the molecules are faster and spread out hence it has less pressure and rises
very confused on question 3,, help
Answers
Answer:
the answer is resiliency
complete the concept map to describe the importance of and mechanisms underlying glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion
Answers
The concept map to describe the importance of and mechanisms underlying glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion can be completed as follows:Glomerular Filtration: The glomerular filtration is the process of blood plasma passing through the glomerular capillaries and entering Bowman's capsule. The importance of this process lies in filtering the blood plasma and removing waste substances such as urea, creatinine, and uric acid from the blood.
The mechanism underlying this process is that the glomerular capillaries have tiny pores called fenestrations, which allow the passage of small molecules but prevent the passage of larger molecules like proteins.Tubular Reabsorption: The tubular reabsorption is the process of selectively reabsorbing certain substances from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream. This process is important as it helps in conserving essential substances like glucose, water, and electrolytes. The mechanism underlying this process is that the cells lining the proximal tubule have transporters that selectively reabsorb certain substances.
Tubular Secretion: The tubular secretion is the process of selectively secreting certain substances from the bloodstream into the renal tubules. This process is important as it helps in removing excess substances like drugs, toxins, and hydrogen ions from the bloodstream. The mechanism underlying this process is that the cells lining the distal tubule and collecting ducts have transporters that selectively secrete certain substances.Overall, these three processes work together to help maintain the homeostasis of the body by regulating the composition of body fluids.
To know more about plasma visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/31456592
#SPJ11
predict what the iki (lugol's) test results would look like for the following controls and samples. drag the correct test results onto the spot plate. test results may be used more than once, and not all test results will be used.
Answers
The prediction on the the iki (lugol's) test results would look like for the following controls and samples are:
positive control: purplenegative control: yellowstarch + amylase: yellowstarch + boiled amylase: purpleWhat does a positive iodine test result mean?A color change from violet to black indicated a positive iodine test result (there is starch present); a negative result (there is no starch present) indicated the iodine solution was yellow.
In order to detect cervical dysplasia when examining the cervix colposcopically, the Lugol's iodine test is a frequently used diagnostic tool.
The IkI test is an indicator test used to ascertain the amount of starch present in a sample. The triiodide anion solution turns blue-black when starch is included.
Hence, The active component of IKI is iodine. This solution contains it in the aqueous form that is utilized in experiments.
Learn more about controls from
https://brainly.com/question/5711964
#SPJ1
gaveing points for who ever helps btw there are 4 answers
Answers
what mechanistic features are shared by the formation of multivesicular endosomes via budding into the interior of an endosome and the outward budding of hiv virus vesicles at the cell surface?
Answers
The mechanistic features shared by- the formation of multivesicular endosomes by budding into the interior of the endosome and the outward budding of HIV virus at the cell surface is, they both are tagged with ubiquitin.
The mechanistic features shared by- the formation of multivesicular endosomes by budding into the interior of the endosome and the outward budding of HIV virus at the cell surface are that- in endosomes, the Hrs protein present on the surface of the endosome is tagged with ubiquitin. While in HIV budding the HIV Gag protein is also tagged with ubiquitin. The part of the Gag protein that binds to the ubiquitin is the portion of the HIV Gag protein that would be a logical choice. The inhibitor also requires ubiquitin tags. Hence, it might block endosomal budding.
To learn more about ubiquitin tag visit the link- https://brainly.com/question/27002316
#SPJ4
I really need the answer to both of these. If you answer first I’ll give Brainliest
Answers
Answer:
1) carbohydrates
2)protein or nucleic acid
Explanation:
1)carbohydrates(CHO)are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
2)it's either protein or nucleic acid I'm not sure which one though sorry. Protein contains all 4 of those elements but contains sulphur, and nucleic acid also contains those elements with phosphorus.
Answer:
1). Carbohydrates
2). Protein
I hope this helped ;)
aids, influenza and rabies are all diseases caused by viruses. multiple choice question. dna rna
Answers
Influenza and rabies are both caused by RNA viruses, while AIDS is caused by a retrovirus, which is also an RNA virus but with a unique replication strategy involving the reverse transcription of RNA into DNA.
RNA viruses are those that use RNA as their genetic material, which is converted into proteins by the host cell machinery to produce new virus particles. Influenza is caused by an RNA virus from the family Orthomyxoviridae, while rabies is caused by a single-stranded RNA virus from the family Rhabdoviridae.
AIDS, on the other hand, is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is a retrovirus that contains RNA as its genetic material. HIV replicates by reverse transcribing its RNA into DNA using the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is then integrated into the host cell genome, leading to the progressive destruction of immune system cells.
Learn more about AIDS
https://brainly.com/question/19354901
#SPJ4
Full Question: AIDS, influenza and rabies are all diseases caused by ______ viruses.
dna rna