Draw and name the organic product of the reaction. Select Draw Rings More Erase // II с cl H CH3CI +HC1 AICI: 2 3 Q2a name:

a. KOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → KCl (s) + H₂O (l)

b. NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (s) + H₂O (l)

Chemistry

Unit 0

Aqueous Solutions

We are given "Potassium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form salt and water."

a)

From the question, we can figure out 1.) if the reaction exists and 2.) if it does exist, then reaction prediction.

Remembering solubility rules, we have:

Therefore, we can conclude that both potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric are both aqueous solutions:

KOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → ? + ?

We are also given from the problem that the reaction produces a salt and water.

We also use the double replacement reaction to do reaction prediction of the proposed salt:

KOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → KCl (s) + H₂O (l)

Hence, this is our answer to a.).

b.)

We are given that we switch the compound KOH (potassium hydroxide) with sodium hydroxide.

We can use the same steps as a.) to figure out our new reaction. Since we already know that Group IA compounds are soluble, we know that NaOH is soluble:

NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → ? + H₂O (l)

Following the same steps, we can simple do a double replacement reaction prediction to find the missing salt:

NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (s) + H₂O (l)

We see that we would still be able to produce a [different] salt and the reaction does exist/run. And we have our final answer for b.).

Note:

While the salts produced (KCl and NaCl) are solids, they are soluble in water. Since we are running only a forward reaction, we know that we are producing a solid and liquid water. Usually, we would probably see these reactions in equilibrium (represented with a ⇆).

This also delves into the concepts of saturation.

Answer:

word equation

Potassium hydroxide+hydrochloric acid=salt and water.

KoH+HCL_____>KCL+H2O

balanced already

when

sodium hydroxide is used instead of potassium hydroxide

sodium hydroxide+hydrochloric acid=salt and water.

NaoH+HCL_____>NaCl+H2O

Vapour pressure is a measure of the tendency of a material to change into the gaseous or vapour state, and it increases with temperature

To get the bottom of the meniscus to the volumetric line of the pipette, tilt the pipette slowly and gently while keeping the top of the meniscus level. Make certain that you are gazing at the meniscus at eye level. Finally, add or subtract liquid as needed until the bottom of the meniscus reaches the volumetric line.

Follow these steps to get the bottom of the meniscus to the volumetric line of the pipette:

Fill the pipette with the liquid to be measured by dipping the tip of the pipette in the liquid and bringing it up to the required volume.

Hold the pipette upright and gently pour the liquid out until the meniscus (the curved surface of the liquid) is slightly above the pipette's calibration point.

To adjust the meniscus, use a clean and dry dropper to add or withdraw tiny drops of liquid from the pipette until the meniscus's bottom is at the pipette's calibration mark.

To maintain precision, hold the pipette upright during this operation and add or withdraw the liquid drop by drop.

Once the meniscus has reached the calibration point, you can transfer the liquid to the container of your choice or take any necessary measurements.

When correcting the meniscus, precision is essential since even little deviations might lead to erroneous results. It is also critical to use the correct pipette for the liquid being measured and to follow any special instructions or protocols supplied by your laboratory or project.

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this is the answer to ur question hope is helpful

The primary plates move at speeds ranging from under 1 cm/y to over 10 cm/y. The Australian and Nazca Plates are the next fastest plates, moving at rates of above 10 cm/y in some places.

A network of satellites and receiving equipment called the global positioning system (GPS) is used to locate objects on Earth. Certain GPS receivers have a precision of one centimetre, allowing them to pinpoint their location (0.4 inches).

As a result, shifting of the Earth's surface is what causes changes in a GPS station's position. Scientists can identify tectonic plate motion and infer crustal deformation by analyzing the mobility of numerous GPS sites in a region over time.

Thus, One of the slowest plates is the North American one, with average rates ranging from 1 cm/yr in the south to roughly 4 cm/yr in the north.

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The NEC (National Electrical Code) Table 250.66 is used for sizing grounding electrode conductors and bonding jumpers between electrodes in the grounding electrode system.

The NEC (National Electrical Code) Table is a collection of tables included in the National Electrical Code, which is a standard set of guidelines and regulations for electrical installations in the United States. The NEC is published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and is widely adopted as the benchmark for safe electrical practices.

This table provides guidelines and requirements for determining the appropriate size of conductors and jumpers based on the type and size of the grounding electrodes used in an electrical system. It takes into account factors such as the type of material, the length, and the specific application to ensure proper grounding and bonding in accordance with the NEC standards. It is essential to consult the specific edition of the NEC for accurate and up-to-date information.

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The exercises refer to hydrocarbons. Depending on the type of bond, it will be the termination of the name of the molecule.

For a single bond: End with the suffix -ane

For double bond: Ends in -ene

For triple bond: Ends in -yne

Let's look at each particular case

a) Heptene

Hept- means 7 carbons, so we have a compound with 7 carbons and one double bond. The formula will be:

c)Hexane

6 carbons with a simple bond

d)Pentane

5 carbons with a simple bond

e)Propyne

3 carbons with a triple bond

To find the number of charge carriers per unit volume (n), we need to calculate the number of aluminum atoms per unit volume first. The drift speed in a wire can be calculated using the formula: v = (I / (nAe))

where:
v = drift speed
I = current
n = number of charge carriers per unit volume
A = cross-sectional area of the wire
e = charge of an electron

Given:

Diameter of the aluminum wire = 2.1 mm
Radius of the aluminum wire = 2.1 mm / 2

= 1.05 mm

= \(1.05 × 10^(-3) m\)
Current = 20 A
Number of conduction electrons per aluminum atom = 3.5
Charge of an electron, \(e = 1.6 × 10^(-19) C\)

The volume of a cylinder can be calculated using the formula:

\(V = πr^2h\)

where:
V = volume
r = radius
h = height

Cross-sectional area of the wire (A) can be calculated using the formula:

\(A = πr^2\)

Substituting the values:

\(A = π × (1.05 × 10^(-3))^2\)

Now, let's calculate the number of aluminum atoms per unit volume using the Avogadro's number \((6.022 × 10^23\) atoms per mole):

Number of aluminum atoms per unit volume

\(= (6.022 × 10^23 atoms/mole) × (1 mole/26.98 g) × (2.7 g/cm^3) × (10^6 cm^3/m^3) × (A / (4π × (1.05 × 10^(-3))^2))\)

Now that we have the number of charge carriers per unit volume, we can calculate the drift speed:

v = (20 A) / (n × A × e)

Substituting the values for n and A, we can find the drift speed in the aluminum wire carrying 20 A.

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The drift speed in a wire can be calculated using the formula:

drift speed = (I / (n * A * q)),

where I is the current in the wire, n is the number density of conduction electrons in the material, A is the cross-sectional area of the wire, and q is the charge of an electron.

In this case, we are given that each atom in aluminum contributes about 3.5 conduction electrons. To find the number density of conduction electrons (n), we need to divide the Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) by the molar volume of aluminum (10.6 cm^3/mol).

n = (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) / (10.6 cm^3/mol)

Next, we need to calculate the cross-sectional area of the wire (A) using its diameter. The diameter of the wire is given as 2.1 mm, so we can find the radius (r) by dividing the diameter by 2:

r = 2.1 mm / 2 = 1.05 mm = 0.105 cm

A = π * (r^2)

Finally, we can substitute the given values into the formula to calculate the drift speed:

drift speed = (20 A) / ((n * A * q))

Remember to convert all units to the appropriate SI units before performing the calculation.

This calculation will give you the drift speed of the electrons in the aluminum wire carrying 20 A.

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Molecules behave differently when the concentration is different because there is increase in intermolecular collision occuring between each molecule.

A molecule is defined as the chemical substance that is made up of two or more atoms that are chemically combined together through bond formations.

Examples of molecules include the following:

When there is less concentration of molecules of a substance, there would be less collision between the molecules per unit time.

But when there is increase in the concentration of the molecules of a substance, these molecules tends to collide more often with each other.

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The result will be a decrease in the money market and an increase in the bond market, which will push bond prices down and interest rates will rise until a new equilibrium is reached.

Suppose the Federal Reserve decreases the money supply, this action will lead to a decrease in the money market equilibrium and an increase in the bond market equilibrium. As a result, bond prices will drop, and interest rates will rise until a new equilibrium is established. This shift will occur because as the money supply decreases, the demand for money will increase, leading to an increase in interest rates.

This increase in interest rates will then cause bond prices to drop as the cost of borrowing rises, and investors will demand a higher yield. Ultimately, a new equilibrium will be established where the demand for money equals the supply, and the bond market is in equilibrium with the new interest rate.

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In a Lewis acid-base reaction, the base donates a(n) electron pair to form a new coordinate dative bond between the base and the acid.

In this type of reaction, the Lewis acid is a species that can accept an electron pair, and the Lewis base is a species that can donate an electron pair. The base donates its electron pair to the vacant orbital of the acid, resulting in the formation of a coordinate bond.

The electron pair donated by the base forms a bond with the Lewis acid, creating a new bond between the base and the acid. This coordinate bond is also known as a dative bond because both electrons in the bond come from the base.

Overall, in a Lewis acid-base reaction, the base donates an electron pair to the Lewis acid, resulting in the formation of a new coordinate bond between the base and the acid.

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D. NaBH4 is a reducing agent commonly used in organic reactions. It reduces carbonyl groups (such as aldehydes and ketones) to alcohols. None of the other options listed include a reducing agent commonly used in organic reactions.

A. NaNH2 is a strong base that can be used in organic reactions as a nucleophile, but it is not a reducing agent.
B. CrO3 in acid is not a reducing agent, but an oxidizing agent commonly used to oxidize alcohols to carbonyl compounds.

C. H2 with a metal catalyst (such as Pd/C or Pt) is used in hydrogenation reactions to reduce alkenes and alkynes to alkanes, but it is not considered a reducing agent.
E. Na in NH3 (l) is used as a strong reducing agent in inorganic chemistry, but it is not commonly used in organic reactions.

Based on the given list, the reducing agents commonly used in organic reactions are: A. NaNH2 (sodium amide)
C. H2 with a metal catalyst (hydrogen gas and a metal catalyst)
D. NaBH4 (sodium borohydride)
E. Na in NH3 (l) (sodium in liquid ammonia)

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The correct equation to calculate ΔHrxn for this reaction is:

ΔHrxn = (-393.5 kJ/mol - (-285.83 kJ/mol)) - (-1,273.02 kJ/mol)

Option A is correct

To calculate ΔHrxn (the change in enthalpy for a reaction), we need to consider the energy of the products and reactants involved in the reaction.

The correct equation to calculate ΔHrxn for the given reaction is:ΔHrxn = Σ(Hproducts) - Σ(Hreactants)

In this case, we have the following energy values:

ΔHrxn = (-393.5 kJ/mol - (-285.83 kJ/mol)) - (-1,273.02 kJ/mol)

To calculate the ΔHrxn, we subtract the sum of the reactants' enthalpies from the sum of the products' enthalpies.

Therefore, the correct equation to calculate ΔHrxn for this reaction is:

ΔHrxn = (-393.5 kJ/mol - (-285.83 kJ/mol)) - (-1,273.02 kJ/mol)

Option A is correct

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The full question is:

Which equation should be used to calculate ΔHrxn for this reaction?

A.

(-393.5 kJ/mol + -285.83 kJ/mol) - (-1,273.02 kJ/mol)

B.

-1,273.02 kJ/mol - ((6 mol)(-393.5 kJ/mol) + (6 mol)(-285.83 kJ/mol))

C.

((6 mol)(-393.5 kJ/mol) + (6 mol)(-285.83 kJ/mol)) - (1 mol)(-1,273.02 kJ/mol)

Litmus is an example of an indicator, a substance that changes color depending on its pH (pH is a measure of the concentration of protons, or H+ ions). In the Titration Gizmo™, you will use indicators to show how acids are neutralized by bases, and vice versa.

To begin, check that 1.00 M NaOH is selected for the Burette, Mystery HBr is selected for the Flask, and Bromthymol blue is selected for the Indicator.

Calculate: Concentration is measured by molarity (M), or moles per liter. Brackets are also used to symbolize molarity. For example, if 0.6 moles of HNO3 are dissolved in a liter of water, you would say [HNO3] = 0.6 M.

Because HNO3 is a strong acid, it dissociates almost completely in water. That means the concentration of H+ is very nearly equal to that of HNO3.What is [H+] if [HNO3] is 0.01 M? 0.01 M

The pH of a solution is equal to the negative log of H+ concentration: pH = –log[H+]

Describe: The equation for the reaction of nitric acid (HNO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is shown on the bottom right of the Gizmo.

Measure: A titration can be used to determine the concentration of an acid or base by measuring the amount of a solution with a known concentration, called the titrant, which reacts completely with a solution of unknown concentration, called the analyte. The point at which this occurs is called the equivalence point.

Explain: A titration curve is a graph of pH vs. volume of titrant. The graph at right shows a typical titration curve for the titration of a strong acid by a strong base. (A strong base is one that has relatively high dissociation in water.)

According to theBrønsted-Lowry definition, an acid is a substance that is capable of donating a proton to another substance. A base is a substance that accepts protons. When an acid and a base are combined, the acid is neutralized as the base accepts the protons produced by the acid.One way to determine if a solution is acidic or basic is to use litmus paper, as shown above. There are two types of litmus papers: red and blue.How does litmus paper indicate an acid? Both strips turn red.

The total heat energy required is expressed according to the formula:

where:

Qvap is the heat energy absorbed by the vapor

Qw is the heat energy absorbed by the water

Get the heat energy absorbed by the vapor at 100 degrees

Given the following parameters;

Mass of water = 100g

Molar mass of water (H2O) = 18.015g/mol

Hvap,w = 2259 J/g = 40.8 kJ/mol

Substitute the given parameters into the formula to have:

Get the heat absorbed by the water from 30 to 100 degrees and from 100 to 110 degrees using the formula below. Note that the water vapor is being heated without any phase changes, so we will be utilizing the specific heat capacity of water vapor.

Get the total heat energy required;

The value of K_eq for this reaction is approximately 1.805 × 10^-5.

To find the value of the equilibrium constant (K_eq) for the given reaction, we can use the equilibrium concentrations of the species involved. The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction is:

K_eq = [CH3COO-][H3O+] / [CH3COOH]

Given the following concentrations at equilibrium:

[CH3COOH] = 2.0 × 10^-1 M

[CH3COO-] = 1.9 × 10^-3 M

[H3O+] = 1.9 × 10^-3 M

Substituting these values into the equilibrium constant expression, we get:

K_eq = (1.9 × 10^-3)(1.9 × 10^-3) / (2.0 × 10^-1)

K_eq = 3.61 × 10^-6 / 2.0 × 10^-1

K_eq = 3.61 × 10^-6 × 5.0 × 10^0

K_eq = 1.805 × 10^-5

Therefore, the value of K_eq for this reaction is approximately 1.805 × 10^-5.

None of the provided answer choices match this value exactly.

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Answer:

When the Zebra arrived they ate all the food so the Unionid mussels declined as they died from the lack of food. Causing the Zebra Zebra numbers to increase and Unionid numbers to decline.

Answer:

 The correct answer is option A, that is, HCl.  

An acid refers to an ion or molecule possessing the tendency of donating a hydrogen ion or a proton, or alternatively, exhibiting a tendency of producing a covalent bond with a pair of electrons. The aqueous Arrhenius acids exhibit characteristic features that offer a practical illustration of an acid.  

The acids can turn blue litmus paper red, can form aqueous solutions with a sour taste, and reacts with bases and some kind of metals to produce salts. One of the general aqueous acids is HCl (hydrochloric acid) that is found in the stomach and stimulates digestive enzymes.  

Explanation:

Answer:

26.34 moles

Explanation:

Answer: The intermolecular forces in a sample of I2 at STP are stronger than the intermolecular forces in a sample of F2 at STP.

Explanation:

At STP, I2 is present in a solid state, where its molecules are attracted to one another and held together in a crystal form. On the other hand, at STP, F2 exists in a gaseous state, which means its molecules are only weakly attracted to one another. Since it requires more energy to hold a substance in solid form, this means that the intermolecular forces in a sample of I2 must be stronger than those in a sample of F2 at STP.

Answer:he’s right

Explanation:

Lithium nitride is the only alkali metal nitride which has the chemical formula Li₃N and it reacts with water to produce ammonia and lithium hydroxide. The charges of each ion are +1 and -3. The correct option is B.

The ions which are positively charged are called the cations whereas the ions which are negatively charged are called the anions. The combination of the cations and anions results in the formation of an ionic compound.

In lithium nitride, the cation is Li⁺ and the anion is N³⁻. The charge on the nitride ion is -3 and that of the lithium ion is +1. The total number of electrons present in the molecule is 10. Because the number of protons is 7 and 3 electrons were added from -3 on the nitride ion.

Thus the correct option is B.

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When the temperature of a liquid is decreased, vapour pressure of the liquid is also decreased as a result.

A substance's physical characteristic is vapour pressure. It is based on how quickly the chemicals evaporate and condense.The pressure of a system is directly proportional to its temperature, according to Gay Lussac's Law.

P∝T

As a result, the temperature raises the system's molecules' kinetic energy. As a result, the system's vapour pressure is likewise raised.

Therefore, When the temperature of a liquid is decreased, vapour pressure of the liquid is also decreased as a result.

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S is a solid at room temperature.

A substance whose particles are arranged in a crystal lattice at room temperature will be a solid.

A solid have a definite shape and volume at room temperature due to the regular arrangement of the particles of the solid.

Solids melt at their melting points. A solid whose melting point is less than room temperature will be a liquid or gas at room temperature.

Room temperature is 25°C

Considering the given table:

Solid S has a melting point above room temperature, therefore S is a solid at room temperature.

In conclusion, solids have definite shapes and volume.

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The atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide (CO) is 1:1, and the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide (CO₂) is 2:1.

Firstly, we can analyze the decomposition of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) to determine the atomic ratios involved.

Let's denote the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide as x, and the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide as y.

According to the given data;

Decomposition of carbon monoxide (CO);

Oxygen produced = 3.36 g

Carbon produced = 2.52 g

We know that the atomic mass of carbon is 12 g/mol, and the atomic mass of oxygen is 16 g/mol. Using these values, we can calculate the number of moles for each element;

Number of moles of oxygen = mass / atomic mass = 3.36 g / 16 g/mol = 0.21 mol

Number of moles of carbon = mass / atomic mass = 2.52 g / 12 g/mol = 0.21 mol

Since the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide is x, we can write the following equation;

0.21 mol C / (0.21 mol O) = x

Simplifying the equation, we have;

x = 1

Therefore, the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide is 1:1.

Decomposition of carbon dioxide (CO₂);

Oxygen produced = 9.92 g

Carbon produced = 3.72 g

Following the same calculations as before;

Number of moles of oxygen = mass / atomic mass = 9.92 g / 16 g/mol = 0.62 mol

Number of moles of carbon = mass / atomic mass = 3.72 g / 12 g/mol = 0.31 mol

Since the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide is y, we can write the following equation;

0.31 mol C / (0.62 mol O) = y

Simplifying the equation, we have;

y = 0.5

Therefore, the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide is 1:0.5, which can be simplified to 2:1.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"Missed this? watch kcv: atomic theory; read section 2.3. you can click on the review link to access the section in your text. carbon and oxygen form both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. when samples of these are decomposed, the carbon monoxide produces 3.36 g of oxygen and 2.52 g of carbon, while the carbon dioxide produces 9.92 g of oxygen and 3.72 g of carbon. Calculate the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide."--

The best description of a chemoreceptor response to PO₂ is:

a. Peripheral chemoreceptors respond to small changes in PO₂.

Peripheral chemoreceptors are specialized sensory cells located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies. These chemoreceptors play a crucial role in monitoring blood gas levels, including the partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂). They are highly sensitive to small changes in PO₂, typically responding to decreases in arterial PO₂ as small as 10-20 mmHg.

When the arterial PO₂ decreases, peripheral chemoreceptors are stimulated, leading to a signaling cascade that results in increased respiration and a subsequent increase in ventilation. This response aims to enhance oxygen uptake and restore normal oxygen levels in the body.

In contrast, central chemoreceptors, located in the medulla oblongata of the brain, primarily respond to changes in carbon dioxide (PCO₂) levels and pH in the cerebrospinal fluid. They do not directly respond to changes in PO₂.

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The complete question is:

Which statement accurately describes the response of chemoreceptors to changes in PO₂ (partial pressure of oxygen)?

a. Peripheral chemoreceptors are sensitive to small changes in PO₂.

b. Central chemoreceptors primarily respond to significant decreases in PO₂.

c. Peripheral chemoreceptors indirectly respond to PO₂.

d. Central chemoreceptors do not react to changes in PO₂.

The molecular formula of the compound is (d) \(S_2O_6\).

The molar mass of a compound represents the mass of one mole of that compound. To determine the molecular formula, we need to find the ratio between the empirical formula and the molecular formula. The empirical formula gives the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. In this case, the empirical formula is \(SO_2\), indicating that for every one sulfur atom, there are two oxygen atoms.

To find the molecular formula, we need to compare the molar mass of the empirical formula with the given molar mass of the compound. The molar mass of the empirical formula \(SO_2\) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of sulfur (S) and oxygen (O):

Molar mass of \(SO_2\) = (32.07 g/mol for S) + (2 × 16.00 g/mol for O) = 64.07 g/mol.

Since the molar mass of the empirical formula matches the given molar mass of the compound, the empirical formula is also the molecular formula. Therefore, the molecular formula of the compound is \(S_2O_6\).

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Answer:

C LiOH

Explanation:

because it is an hydroxide as well as it is alkaline

Answer:

C. LiOH

Explanation:

LiOH is a strong base while the others are acids

Answer:

12.7 L (3 s.f.)

Explanation:

Since it is an ideal gas, we can apply the ideal gas law:

\(\boxed{pV=nRT}\)

☆ where p= pressure

V= volume

n= number of moles

R= ideal gas constant

T= temperature

Substitute all the given information into the formula:

2V= 1(0.08206)(310)

2V= 25.4386

V= 25.4386 ÷2

V= 12.7 L (3 s.f.)

Further explanation:

The ideal gas constant, R, has different values depending on what units are being used. Two examples are listed below:

\(• \: 0.08206 \: L \: atm ^{ - 1} \: mol \: K\)

\(• \: 8.314 \: J \: {mol}^{ - 1} \: {K}^{ - 1} \)

In the above question, we use the value 0.08206 because the pressure was given in atm and the temperature was given in Kelvin. Thus, the unit used for volume is L.

Answer: 12.7 L

Explanation:

P=2.0atm

V= ???

n=1.0 mol

R= 0.0821

T= 310K

PV=nRT--> (2)V=(1)(0.0821)(310)

                     V=12.7 L