elephants are not the most dominant species in african grasslands, yet they influence community structure. the grasslands contain scattered woody plants, but they are kept in check by the uprooting activities of the elephants. if the elephants are taken away, the grasslands convert to forests or to shrublands. the newly growing forests support fewer species than the previous grasslands. which of the following describes why elephants are the keystone species in this scenario? option a) elephants help other populations survive by keeping out many large predators. option b) elephants have a disparate influence on communities relative to their abundance. option c) elephants are the largest of all the herbivorous mammals in their communities. option d) elephants prevent droughts in african grasslands by uprooting shrubs and trees.
Answers
Option B) Elephants have a disparate influence on communities relative to their abundance describes why elephants are the keystone species in this scenario.
A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large impact on its ecosystem relative to its abundance or biomass. In the given scenario, elephants are considered a keystone species because their influence on the community structure of African grasslands is significant, even though they may not be the most dominant species in terms of population size.
Elephants play a crucial role in shaping the grassland ecosystem by uprooting woody plants. Their uprooting activities prevent the scattered woody plants from overgrowing and converting the grasslands into forests or shrublands. This helps maintain the open grassland habitat.
The conversion of grasslands into forests or shrublands due to the absence of elephants leads to a reduction in species diversity. Forests typically support fewer species compared to grasslands. Therefore, the presence of elephants prevents the loss of grassland species and maintains a higher level of biodiversity.
While options A and C may be true about elephants in general, they do not specifically address their role as keystone species in the given scenario. Option D is not accurate as elephants uprooting shrubs and trees does not directly prevent droughts.
In conclusion, elephants serve as a keystone species in this scenario because their impact on the community structure of African grasslands is disproportionately large. By preventing the conversion of grasslands into forests or shrublands through their uprooting activities, elephants help maintain the grassland habitat and support a higher species diversity compared to alternative vegetation types.
To know more about keystone species ,visit:
https://brainly.com/question/506554
#SPJ11
Related Questions
Color Blindness is a recessive, sex-linked trait in humans.A boy is colorblind. His father is colorblind. His mother is not. Which parent gave the boy the colorblind gene?
Answers
The mother is the parent that gave the boy the colorblind gene.
What is color blindness?In humans, color blindness is a recessive, sex-linked trait that is carried on the X chromosome.
Since males only inherit one X chromosome from their mother and one Y chromosome from their father, they are more likely to express sex-linked recessive traits if they inherit the affected allele from their mother.
In this scenario, the boy's father is colorblind, which means he must have inherited the colorblind gene from his mother since his father could not have passed it on to him (his father could only pass on the Y chromosome to him).
The mother is not colorblind, which means she must have inherited at least one normal allele for color vision. Since the boy is colorblind, he must have inherited the colorblind allele from his mother, who must be a carrier for the trait.
Learn more about color blindness at: https://brainly.com/question/30302264
#SPJ1
witch molecule does water become?
witch molecule does carbon dioxide become?
Answers
Answer:
H2 +1/2O2 ----> H2O
C +O2------> CO2
Explanation:
what is PM 2.5 and how does it affect people?
Answers
how can inheriting new characteristics be helpful for an organism?
Answers
Answer:
It will essentially help the organism for when it evolves whether it inherits good or bad characteristics.
Explanation:
Because it will have to evolve, it will either die out or thrive through those new characteristics. Which is a part of life.
Why is the skin considered a excretory organ, but the digestive system isn't a excretory system
Answers
Answer: because it excretes water, salt, and urea from the body. Because it eliminates waste products by sweating.
Explanation: Skin is also considered as excretory organ because it secretes sweat and salt from our body in the form of liquid.
What is disruptive selection?
Answers
In nature, not all individuals in a biological population has the same reproductive success. Additionally, the reproductive succes of an individual may be related to a heritable trait. Disruptive (natural) selection is operating when indivuals with extreme values for an heritable trait have a greater reproductive succes that the ones with intermediate values for the same trait.
Sarah learned that the steps of transcription and translation are similar to baking a cake from a recipe. The cell's genome is like a cookbook, with step-by-step directions. The mRNA copy is like writing down a copy of the instructions to give to someone else. What would the amino acids be most similar to?
Answers
The amino acids would be most similar to the ingredients used in the recipe.
When the mRNA moves out of the nucleus, it then gives the instructions (the genetic sequence) to someone else, which is tRNA. During translation, the tRNA and mRNA complex reads the genetic sequence and then binds required amino acids, sequentially. Thus, the combined amino acid chain forms the desired protein.
Therefore, the amino acids are the ingredients and the protein is the final dish.
To learn more about translation, go to:
https://brainly.com/question/29668811
for respiration in deep sea, what is a preferred gas in a mixture with oxygen and nitrogen?
Answers
In deep sea respiration, a preferred gas to mix with oxygen and nitrogen is helium.
This is because helium has a lower density than nitrogen, which reduces the risk of decompression sickness when diving to depths greater than 100 feet. Additionally, helium is less soluble in body tissues than nitrogen, which reduces the risk of nitrogen narcosis, a condition that can impair cognitive function.
Therefore, using a gas mixture containing three gases - oxygen, nitrogen, and helium - is the preferred choice for deep sea divers. In conclusion, when considering respiration for deep-sea diving, a mixture of oxygen, nitrogen, and helium, known as trimix, is the preferred gas blend. This combination reduces the risk of nitrogen narcosis, ensuring a safer and more manageable diving experience for divers at great depths.
To know more about respiration visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/31036890
#SPJ11
Which statement describes one way that wind energy is different from energy from fossil fuels?
Wind energy is less consistent.
Wind energy produces larger quantities of energy.
Wind energy is cheaper to use.
Wind energy produces more pollution.
Answers
Answer:
the answer is A
Explanation:
If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
16
Explanation:
6) Make a statement regarding how variation or uncertainty in the prediction of the effect in the selected aspect of severe weather related to climate change.
Answers
Climate change is a complex and multifaceted issue, contributing to increased variation and uncertainty in the prediction of severe weather events.
One aspect of severe weather that can be affected by climate change is the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events. As global temperatures rise, the atmosphere can hold more moisture, leading to an intensification of the hydrological cycle.
However, the relationship between climate change and severe weather is not always straightforward, as various factors interact to influence weather patterns.
For example, changes in atmospheric circulation, regional climate systems, and land-use practices can all contribute to uncertainty in predicting the impact of climate change on severe weather events.
Additionally, the inherent variability in weather and climate systems can make it difficult to attribute specific events or trends to climate change alone.
In summary, the influence of climate change on severe weather, particularly extreme precipitation events, is an area of ongoing research and debate.
Therefore, it is essential for scientists and policymakers to continue studying and monitoring these changes to better understand and mitigate the potential impacts on society and the environment.
Know more about Climate change here:
brainly.com/question/28779953
#SPJ11
all of the following are nutrients that provide energy (kilolcalories) except: carbohydrades, water, fats, protiens
Answers
The nutrients like carbohydrates, fats and proteins provide energy whereas water does not.
Carbohydrates are the macromolecules that are polyhydroxy ketones or aldehydes. They can be of three types: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. The examples of carbohydrates are: glucose, sucrose, starch, etc. They have various functions like structural or in providing energy.
Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. They are the main body-building and repair components. The amino acids are joined together using peptide bonds to form a protein. The proteins have various levels of structure. These are: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. Proteins also have enzymatic functions.
To know more about proteins, here
brainly.com/question/17095120
#SPJ4
why did it turn out to be important that the researchers ran the legume nodule study for more than 10 days? group of answer choices
Answers
It turned out to be important that the researchers ran the legume nodule study for more than 10 days because In legume nodules, symbiosomes containing endosymbiotic rhizobial bacteria act as temporary plant organelles that are responsible for nitrogen fixation, these bacteria develop mutual metabolic dependence with the host legume.
What is nitrogen fixation?Nitrogen gas is transformed into a form that is useful to plants and other bacteria through the biological process of nitrogen fixation. This mechanism transforms atmospheric nitrogen gas into ammonia and other related nitrogenous chemicals.
Nitric oxide is fixed, or mixed, in nature as nitric oxide by lightning and UV light, although soil microorganisms fix a larger amount of nitrogen as ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates.
Why nitrogen fixation is important?Despite the fact that dry atmospheric air is 78% nitrogen, plants cannot immediately use this nitrogen, hence soil nitrogen fixation is crucial for agriculture. For a crop to be healthy, it must be available in a digestible form.
To know more about nitrogen fixation:
https://brainly.com/question/19938608
#SPJ4
Which of these describes a difference between viruses and cells?
A. Cells contain protein, and viruses contain only carbohydrates.
B. Viruses have flagella, and cells have only cilia.
C. Cells reproduce independently, and viruses require a host to reproduce.
D. Viruses have membranes made of proteins, and cells have membranes made of nucleic acid.
Answers
Answer: C
Explanation:
A is ncorrect becuase viruses do not contain only carbs.
which of the following cellular processes would most likely lead to increased genetic variation in a population of organisms?
Answers
Sexual reproduction is the cellular process that would most likely lead to increased genetic variation in a population of organisms.
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parent organisms to produce offspring. During this process, genetic material from each parent combines, resulting in new combinations of alleles in the offspring. The shuffling and recombination of genetic material during sexual reproduction, such as independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis, generate genetic diversity.
Independent assortment occurs when chromosomes align randomly during meiosis, leading to different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the gametes. This process increases the potential for different combinations of alleles to be inherited by the offspring.
Crossing over occurs when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis. This process creates new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes, further increasing genetic variation in the offspring.
By introducing new combinations of alleles through the fusion of gametes, sexual reproduction promotes genetic diversity within a population. This increased genetic variation can have important implications for the survival and adaptation of organisms to changing environments.
Learn more about Sexual reproduction
brainly.com/question/29541212
#SPJ11
what discovery did altman and cech make that convinced them that rna was the macromolecule from which evolution of life began?
Answers
This RNA shearing as well as splicing requires enzymes, just like all other chemical reactions inside a cell.
Altman and Cech made their startling discovery that the enzymes were nucleic acids rather than proteins while looking again for enzymatic proteins of the these reactions.
Sidney Altman and Thomas Cech of the United States received this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their discovering that RNA (ribonucleic acid), a molecule of heredity in living cells, can also act as a biocatalyst.
For their discovery that RNA vigorously facilitates chemical reactions in cells, molecular biologist Sidney Altman and Thomas R. Cech (1947-) were jointly awarded the 1989 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Altman and Cech independently identified a new function for RNA.
Learn more about RNA
https://brainly.com/question/264225
#SPJ4
A and B represent two plates interacting; what kind of plates are they?A) Plate A is oceanic and Plate B is continental B) Plate A is continental and Plate B is oceanic C) Plate A is oceanic and Plate B is oceanic D) Plate A is continental and Plate B is continental
Answers
The photo shows a subduction zone between two oceanic plates. When two oceanic plates are converging, one is overridden and the other is pushed down the asthenosphere. The boundary of the subduction zone is usually marked by deep trenches.
ANSWER: C) Plate A is oceanic and Plate B is oceanic.
In the following food chain what amount of energy does the snake have if the seed starts with 29345 kcal of energy?
Seed→mouse→snake→ hawk.
Remember the further away from the plant (autotroph) the less energy you have. Bacteria feed on anything that dies.
I need the answer asap
Answers
Every cell in your body contains organelles (structures that have specific functions). Just like organs in the body, each organelle contributes in its own way to helping the cell function well as a whole. The nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts are all organelles. Some organelles are found only in some cell types.
Answers
Answer:
This question is incomplete
Explanation:
However, as described in the question. each cell organelle has specialized function that assists the cell carry-out it's own function as a whole. Cell organelles include cell membrane, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole, golgi complex, lysosomes, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts among others.
Of these cell organelles, only three were mentioned in the question
Nucleus: This houses the chromosome which stores genetic material. This organelle is found in plant and animal eukaryotic cells. Indeed, eukaryotic organisms are sometimes described as organisms that have well defined nucleus.
Mitochondria: They are found in most plant and animal eukaryotic cells. They are usually referred to as the power house of the cell as they provide energy-rich chemical compounds (called ATP) for the cell's activities.
Chloroplasts: These are cellular structures/organelles that are found only in green plants - they are cellular machinery for photosynthesis in plants. They also contain the green pigment called chlorophyll which is responsible for the green colour of green plants.
The type of the cell in which the organelles mentioned in the question are listed above.
Answers;
Explanation:
match the aerobic respiration step with the correct location where it occurs in the cell in prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) and eukaryotes.
Answers
Steps of aerobic respiration are glycolsis, Pyruvate oxidation, Krebs cycle (also called citric acid cycle or TCA cycle), Electron transport chain.
Here are the steps of aerobic respiration and their locations in prokaryotes and eukaryotes:
Glycolysis: Occurs in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Pyruvate oxidation: Occurs in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells, and in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells.
Krebs cycle (also called citric acid cycle or TCA cycle): Occurs in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells, and in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells.
Electron transport chain: Occurs in the plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells, and in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotic cells.
It is important to note that some prokaryotes (such as some bacteria) do not have mitochondria, so all the steps of aerobic respiration occur in the cytoplasm or plasma membrane. Additionally, some eukaryotic cells (such as red blood cells) do not have mitochondria, so they rely solely on glycolysis for energy production.
Learn more about aerobic respiration here:
https://brainly.com/question/30710419
#SPJ11
Choose all of the physical variables that help determine the health of a water system
Answers
Answer:
They include dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, salinity and nutrients
Explanation:
can someone help me out here please
Answers
Answer:
The answer is d
Explanation:
I hope it helps you
Please mark as brainlist answer
What feature (or features) allows the bony thoracic cage to increase or decrease its volume during breathing
Answers
The bony thoracic cage, which includes the ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae, can increase or decrease its volume during breathing due to several features. The primary feature is the movement of the ribs, which is facilitated by the intercostal muscles.
The ribs can be raised or lowered to adjust the volume of the thoracic cavity, which affects lung pressure and airflow. When the intercostal muscles contract, the rib cage expands and elevates, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity. Conversely, when the intercostal muscles relax, the rib cage contracts and moves downward, reducing the volume of the thoracic cavity. This movement of the ribs, which is referred to as the bucket handle movement, allows the bony thoracic cage to expand and contract. This is one of the features that enable the thoracic cage to increase or decrease its volume during breathing.The other feature is the pump handle movement of the sternum. The sternum moves forward and upward during inhalation, increasing the anterior-posterior diameter of the thorax.
Similarly, the sternum moves backward and downward during exhalation, reducing the anterior-posterior diameter of the thorax. This feature, in combination with the bucket handle movement of the ribs, enables the thoracic cage to increase or decrease its volume during breathing.
know more about bony thoracic cage click here:
https://brainly.com/question/30820515
#SPJ11
In humans, the part of the brain that increases in size and complexity most significantly during the second and third month of embryonic development is derived from the embryonic __________.
Answers
The embryonic part of the brain that increases in size and complexity most significantly during the second and third month of embryonic development is the telencephalon.
The telencephalon is derived from a part of the neural tube that forms in the early stages of embryonic development. It is located at the anterior end of the neural tube and is responsible for the formation of the forebrain structures.
During the second and third month of embryonic development, the telencephalon grows rapidly in size and complexity as it expands to form the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and the thalamus.
The growth of the telencephalon is important to the development of the brain as it is responsible for controlling higher-order functions such as memory, learning, language, and thought. It also plays a key role in the development of the senses, including sight, smell, and hearing.
The telencephalon is an intricate part of the development of the human brain and its growth during this stage in development is essential for the formation of higher-level cognitive abilities.
Know more about telencephalon here
https://brainly.com/question/29256928#
#SPJ11
where in how are chromosome format sig8
Answers
The chromosome format sig8 refers to a representation of genetic information using a binary encoding scheme known as Sigma-8. It is commonly used in computational biology and genetics to represent and manipulate genetic sequences. The Sigma-8 encoding scheme assigns 8 bits to each nucleotide base (A, T, G, or C) in a chromosome.
1. Chromosome Format: Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus of cells that contain genetic information. They consist of DNA molecules tightly coiled around proteins. The format of a chromosome refers to the representation of its genetic sequence.
2. Sigma-8 Encoding: Sigma-8 is a binary encoding scheme used to represent genetic sequences. In this scheme, each nucleotide base (A, T, G, or C) is assigned a unique 8-bit binary code.
3. Binary Representation: In the Sigma-8 encoding, each nucleotide base is represented by a sequence of 8 binary digits (bits). For example, A might be represented as 00000001, T as 00000010, G as 00000011, and C as 00000100.
4. Chromosome Encoding: To represent a chromosome using the Sigma-8 format, the genetic sequence is divided into individual nucleotides, and each nucleotide is encoded using its corresponding 8-bit binary representation.
5. Manipulating Genetic Information: Once a chromosome is encoded in the Sigma-8 format, it can be manipulated using various computational techniques. This encoding allows researchers to perform operations such as mutation, recombination, and selection on the genetic sequences.
In summary, the chromosome format sig8 refers to the use of the Sigma-8 encoding scheme to represent genetic information. This binary encoding assigns 8 bits to each nucleotide base, allowing for efficient manipulation and analysis of genetic sequences in computational biology and genetics.
For more such questions on biology, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/20659064
#SPJ8
abnormal condition of stiffening of the tiny bones of the ear
Answers
The abnormal condition you are referring to is called otosclerosis, which is the stiffening of the tiny bones (ossicles) in the ear.
Otosclerosis is a progressive condition that affects the movement of the ossicles, particularly the stapes bone, within the middle ear. The stapes bone plays a crucial role in transmitting sound vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear. In otosclerosis, abnormal bone growth occurs around the stapes, leading to its fixation or immobility.
This condition often results in conductive hearing loss, where sound waves are not efficiently transmitted to the inner ear. Symptoms may include gradually worsening hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ear), and dizziness or balance problems in some cases.
The exact cause of otosclerosis is not fully understood, but genetic factors and hormonal changes, such as those occurring during pregnancy, are believed to play a role. Treatment options range from hearing aids to surgical interventions like stapedectomy or stapedotomy, which aim to restore hearing by replacing or modifying the affected bone.
It is important to consult with an ear, nose, and throat specialist (otolaryngologist) or an audiologist if you suspect you have otosclerosis or are experiencing any hearing-related issues. They can provide an accurate diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment options based on your specific condition.
Learn more about otosclerosis here: brainly.com/question/32130115
#SPJ11
name the component of a person's diet that is essential for peristalsis
Answers
Answer:
Sperm is the componet of a person diet that is enmsentital for perustalsis
active sites become exposed when calcium ions bind to:
Answers
When the athlete runs, her body must coordinate multiple organ systems. Choose the best
explanation for which systems work together during running.
The skeletal and digestive systems because the skeleton supports the body and
digestive functions are suspended during exercise.
The nervous and endocrine systems because running requires sensory input and the
hormone adrenaline.
Muscular and urinary systems because running uses powerful leg muscles and urinary
functions are suspended during exercise.
Circulatory and muscular systems because the arteries bring oxygenated blood to the
muscles to do cellular respiration while running.
Answers
The circulatory and muscular systems work together during running. it because the arteries bring oxygenated blood to the muscles to do cellular respiration while running.
What are organ systems?An organs system is a group of organs and tissues that work together to carry out a specific function.
The circulatory system is an organ system responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients in the blood.
The muscular system is composed of different types of muscles that contract during physical exercise.
Learn more about the circulatory system here:
https://brainly.com/question/3597250
we expect the fossil record to be incomplete for all of the following reasons except that: fossilization requires burial in sediment. all biomolecules, including lipids and pigment molecules, decay immediately after death. under normal conditions, organisms are broken down by biological and physical processes. organisms with hard parts tend to fossilize more readily than soft-bodied organisms. sediments accumulate irregularly.
Answers
The fossil record is incomplete for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that all biomolecules, including lipids and pigment molecules, decay immediately after death. Therefore, the correct answer is the second option.
A fossil is the remains or impressions of a prehistoric animal or plant embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form. It is also a fossil of an animal or plant found in rock layers and dating from a previous geological period. Fossils can tell us a lot about the past, but the fossil record is incomplete for various reasons.
It may be due to the fact that fossilization requires burial in sediment, and the process may not have been perfect or may have been influenced by local environmental factors such as pH, salinity, or water movement. Under normal conditions, organisms are broken down by biological and physical processes, which may have contributed to the incomplete fossil record. While hard-bodied organisms are more likely to fossilize than soft-bodied organisms, sediments accumulate irregularly, and not all organisms may have had the opportunity to be preserved.
Learn more about fossil record at https://brainly.com/question/3637110
#SPJ11