For each acetyl-CoA molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, ___ NADH, ___ ATP, and __ FADH2 molecules are ___

Answers

Answer 1

For each acetyl-CoA molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, 3 NADH, 1 ATP, and 1 FADH2 molecules are produced.

The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, is a crucial component of cellular respiration, generating energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It occurs in the mitochondrial matrix in eukaryotic cells and the cytoplasm in prokaryotic cells. The cycle begins with the combination of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, forming citrate. Throughout the eight steps of the cycle, various enzymes catalyze the reactions, generating different intermediate products.

Three NADH molecules are produced through the oxidation of NAD+ during the conversion of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate, alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA, and malate to oxaloacetate. One FADH2 molecule is produced when succinate is converted to fumarate, and one ATP is generated via substrate-level phosphorylation during the conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinate. The NADH and FADH2 molecules formed during the citric acid cycle are then used in the electron transport chain to generate additional ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, providing the cell with energy to carry out its essential functions. For each acetyl-CoA molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, 3 NADH, 1 ATP, and 1 FADH2 molecules are produced.

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Related Questions

in general, successfully introduced non-native species experience ________.

Answers

In general, successfully introduced non-native species experience rapid population growth.

Non-native species are organisms that are moved, either deliberately or accidentally, from one place to another. They are often introduced into new environments where they can establish a population, compete with native species for resources and take over the ecological niches. If these non-native species are successful, they may experience rapid population growth due to the absence of predators and diseases that keep them in check in their native ranges.

Some of the most common examples of non-native species that experience rapid population growth include zebra mussels, Japanese knotweed, kudzu, European starlings, and purple loosestrife.

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What is another
way that producers
convert energy,
besides
photosynthesis?
A. chemosynthesis
B. decomposition
C. cellular respiration

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Because chemosynthesis is the biological conversion of one or more carbon-containing molecules and nutrients into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic compounds or ferrous ions as a source of energy, rather than sunlight, as in photosynthesis.  So it can only be this because decomposition is something decaying and cellular respiration is the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water.

A parent cell has 24 chromosomes at the beginning of interphase. How many chromatids will it have during prophase? 48 24 12 06 Which of the following best describes a major difference between plant cells and animal cells? O Only plant cells use cellular respiration. Only plant cells have a nucleus containing DNA. Unlike plant cells, animal cells cannot make their own food. Only animal cells have a cell wall.

Answers

During prophase, the parent cell will have 48 chromatids. This is because during interphase, the DNA replicates, resulting in each chromosome consisting of two sister chromatids.

Therefore, if the parent cell has 24 chromosomes, it will have a total of 48 chromatids during prophase.

Regarding the major difference between plant cells and animal cells, the most accurate statement is: "Only plant cells have a cell wall." Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, which provides structural support and protection to the cell. Animal cells, on the other hand, do not have a cell wall. Hence option D is correct.

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What is the purpose of the nevous system?​

Answers

Answer:

The nervous system is the major controlling and communicating system in the body. Our nervous system is responsible for all the mental activity such as thinking, learning, and memory.

Explanation:

I hope this is correct and have a great day

why are issues of causation and the objectification of the body important for kinesiologists?

Answers

Kinesiology, the study of human movement, focuses on understanding the complex mechanisms involved in human motion, physical activity, and sport performance. Kinesiologists often deal with issues of causation and the objectification of the body, which are important for various reasons.

Firstly, issues of causation refer to understanding the underlying factors that cause injuries and diseases related to physical activity. Kinesiologists are responsible for diagnosing and treating these conditions, which requires them to have a thorough understanding of the causative factors. This knowledge enables kinesiologists to provide effective treatments that target the underlying cause of the problem.

Kinesiologists must be aware of these issues and strive to treat athletes with respect and dignity, while also helping them achieve their performance goals. In conclusion, issues of causation and the objectification of the body are essential for kinesiologists because they enable them to diagnose and treat injuries and diseases related to physical activity, while also promoting the well-being of athletes.

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WILL GIVE U BRAINLYEST

When a human consumes an apple, they are consuming the glucose that
was created during photosynthesis by the plant. This glucose will give the
human energy so they can move their muscles. What kind of energy
transformation is happening when a human uses glucose to move?

A. Chemical to mechanical
B. Solar to chemical
C. Thermal to mechanical
D. Chemical to thermal

Answers

Answer:

D I think

Explanation:


4) This is the word geologists use for loose pieces of minerals and rock. The particles are transported by wind, water, or ice,
and/or the force of gravity and eventually deposited.

Answers

Answer:sediment

Explanation:

.The area at the base of the bladder delineated by the urethra and the ureters is called the:
a. renal pelvis.
b. renal cortex.
c. trigone.
d. renal medulla.
e. Bowman capsule.

Answers

The area at the base of the bladder delineated by the urethra and the ureters is called the trigone.

The urinary system consists of various organs responsible for the production, storage, and elimination of urine from the body.

The bladder is a muscular sac that stores urine until it is eliminated from the body through the urethra. The trigone is a triangular area located at the base of the bladder, delineated by the urethra and the ureters.

The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body, while the ureters are two tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

The trigone is an important anatomical landmark in the urinary system as it plays a role in regulating the flow of urine and preventing backflow from the bladder to the ureters.

It is also a common site for the development of urinary tract infections. Understanding the anatomy and function of the urinary system is crucial in diagnosing and treating urinary tract disorders.

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How would the gravity change if the earth was farther away fro maybe sun?

Answers

Answer:

The closer the planet is to the Sun, the greater the pull of the Sun's gravity, and the faster the planet orbits.

Explanation:

Two parents are concerned that their new baby, who has blonde hair, may have been switched in the hospital. The mother is homozygous for her brown hair, and the father is heterozygous with brown hair as well. Some members of the family have blonde hair. Is this possible? Did the hospital make a mistake? Justify your answer. Be very detailed in your explanation in order to receive full credit. Be sure to include the genotypes the parents would need to have.

Answers

Answer:

Yes, this is possible because the baby could have inheritted it fromthe parents family

Explanation:

Although the genes passed down from a child's parents determine hair color, variations can result in a child having a different hair color than both parents. The genetics of hair color is the result of many genes working together to control the amount and type of melanin

The properties of matter depend on the types of atoms a substance is made ofTrue or false

Answers

This statement is true. Properties of a material are a direct consequence of the atoms that constitute it and their interactions.

Match each environmental change with its description.



Chemicals react with water and oxygen that enter water systems.


arrowBoth


Nutrients in excessive amounts enter water systems, causing algal bloom.


arrowBoth


A high concentration of toxic chemicals is present in the bodies of animals at the highest trophic levels.


arrowBoth

Answers

Answer:

The question is incomplete, the missing part i.e. the environmental change is:

(A) biomagnification

(B) acid rain

(C) eutrophication

The answers are:

1. Acid rain- Chemicals react with water and oxygen that enter water systems.

2. Eutrophication- Nutrients in excessive amounts enter water systems, causing algal bloom.

3. Biomagnification- A high concentration of toxic chemicals is present in the bodies of animals at the highest trophic levels

Explanation:

1. Acid rain is an environmental disorder in which rainfall becomes acidic due to pollution. The pollution is as a result of the release of gaseous chemicals e.g sulfur, nitrogen oxide, which are produced by industries, into the atmosphere. These chemicals then react with water in the atmosphere to form acidic solutions, which then falls back as rain. Hence, chemicals reacting with water and oxygen that enter water systems describes ACID RAIN.

2. Eutrophication is the pollution of water bodies with substances containing chemicals like nitrogen, phosphorus etc. The chemicals, which are in excess, serve as nutrients to algae, which uses them to grow excessively forming a bloom called ALGA BLOOM. Hence, nutrients in excessive amounts entering water systems, causing algal bloom describes EUTROPHICATION.

3. Biomagnification refers to the build up or accumulation of toxic chemical substances in the body systems of living organisms higher up in the food chain. Pollutants like pesticides, herbicides flow into water bodies and are absorbed by certain aquatic organisms. When these organisms are fed on by consumers, the harmful substances accumulates in their tissues until it reaches a maximum concentration. Hence, a high concentration of toxic chemicals present in the bodies of animals at the highest trophic levels describes BIOMAGNIFICATION.

Answer:

1. Acid rain- Chemicals react with water and oxygen that enter water systems.

2. Eutrophication- Nutrients in excessive amounts enter water systems, causing algal bloom.

3. Biomagnification- A high concentration of toxic chemicals is present in the bodies of anima

Explanation:

How do dna cells keep from overmultiplying

Answers

By going into phase 0
I think

A taxon, all of whose members have the same common ancestor, is
A) paraphyletic.
B) polyphyletic.
C) monophyletic.

Answers

A taxon, all of whose members have the same common ancestor, is C) Monophyletic.

A taxon that includes all members that share a common ancestor is considered monophyletic. In a monophyletic group, all members share a common evolutionary history and can be traced back to a single ancestor. This group includes all the descendants of the common ancestor and represents a single branch on the evolutionary tree. Monophyletic groups are considered to be natural and meaningful in the context of evolutionary classification as they reflect the true relationships and evolutionary connections among organisms.

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Microscopic membrane extensions that extend from the plasma membrane are called Multiple Choice:O cilia. O flagella O mucus O desmosomes.

Answers

The microscopic membrane extensions that extend from the plasma membrane are called either cilia or flagella.

Cilia and flagella are hair-like structures found on the surface of some eukaryotic cells and play a role in cell movement. They both consist of microtubules and actin filaments and are formed from the plasma membrane. Cilia are typically shorter and more numerous than flagella and are found on the surface of many types of cells including epithelial cells.

They are involved in the movement of fluid over the cell surface and the transport of particles. Flagella, on the other hand, are typically longer and fewer in number, and are typically found on the surface of cells involved in movement such as sperm cells. The movement of cilia and flagella is caused by coordinated sliding of microtubules, which in turn is driven by dynein motors.

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skin, hair, muscle, and enzymes are all made of protein, which is a natural polymer. proteins are

Answers

Proteins are classified as polyamides because their structure consists of amino acids linked together by amide bonds. So the correct answer is: c. Polyamides

Skin, hair, muscle, and enzymes are all made of proteins, which are natural polymers composed of amino acids.

Proteins are not polyesters, polyethylenes, or polyalcohols, but rather a specific type of polymer called polyamides.

Polyamides are formed by the linkage of amino acids through peptide bonds, resulting in a long chain of repeating units that give proteins their unique shape and function.

Proteins play a vital role in many biological processes, including the growth and repair of skin and hair, the contraction of muscles, and the catalysis of chemical reactions by enzymes.

Full Question:

Skin, hair, muscle, and enzymes are all made of protein, which is a natural polymer. Proteins are

a.  polyesters

b.  polyethylenes

c.  polyamides

d.  polyalcohols

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Skin, hair, muscle, and enzymes are all made of protein, which is a natural polymer. Proteins are long chains of amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds. These amino acids are essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in the body. Proteins also play a crucial role in the metabolism of the body, acting as enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions. Without proteins, our bodies would not be able to function properly.


Skin, hair, muscle, and enzymes are all made of proteins, which are natural polymers. Proteins are essential building blocks for various structures and functions in our body, contributing to the growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues.

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-results from immigration
-new genes brought into a population
-variation in a population increases

What do the notes describe?

Answers

discribes how and what was effected in what happened

22. Oil is used mostly in the ___
sector.
transportation
O cooking
O manufacturing

Answers

Answer:

I think it is transportation

what is this?? pls help

what is this?? pls help

Answers

Answer:

I think Density

Explanation:

Please answer fast I need them soon as possible.

Please answer fast I need them soon as possible.

Answers

Answer:

1. Buoy

2. Inaccesible

3. Incapable

4. erosion

5. risk

6. vessel

7. mass

8. debris

9. deluge

10. barrier

In the first step of starch digestion, starch is converted to _______, which is then digested to ________ by the enzyme maltase.

Answers

Starch digestion involves two processes, one in which starch is transformed into maltose, and the other in which maltose is broken down into glucose.

In the first step of starch digestion, starch is converted to maltose, which is then digested to glucose by the enzyme maltase. Maltase is one of three digestive enzymes, along with lactase and sucrase, which are released into the digestive tract to break down sugars.

Maltase breaks down maltose into glucose, which can then be absorbed by the small intestine and used by the body as an energy source. The second step of starch digestion is also important because it breaks down other complex carbohydrates, such as glycogen and cellulose, into glucose molecules.

These glucose molecules are then used by the body to fuel cellular processes, including respiration and metabolism. In summary, the process of starch digestion is essential to the body's ability to convert complex carbohydrates into glucose, which is used as a source of energy.

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Hello there, identify two other diseases that may affect the persons who are obese.
just two of them, please and thank you

Answers

Type 2 Diabetes and different types of Cancer (colon, breast, endometrium, kidney, esophagus, and more are all linked to obesity.)

type 2 diabetes - when your body becomes resistant to insulin, cells are not able to absorb glucose and convert it into energy as a result of this resistance. it causes high blood sugar.

people who are obese have higher risk of several types of cancer, including colon, breast (in woman who have gone through menopause), endometrium, kidney, rectum, pancreas, gallbladder, etc

hope this helped, sorry if you needed more info!!

Function refers to the____job a ______is designed to do.

Answers

Certain, thing is what you’d use to film the blanks in

quizlet A drug that inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) may lead to all of the following except Group of answer choices less secretion of aldosterone. increased fluid retention. reduction of blood pressure. increased urinary loss of sodium.

Answers

A drug that inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) may lead to a reduction of blood pressure, the correct option is C.

Inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal glands.

Aldosterone promotes sodium and water retention, leading to increased fluid volume and subsequent elevation in blood pressure. By inhibiting ACE, the drug reduces the production of angiotensin II, which in turn decreases vasoconstriction and aldosterone release. The overall effect is a reduction in blood pressure, the correct option is C.

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The complete question is:

A drug that inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) may lead to

A. less secretion of aldosterone.

B. increased fluid retention.

C. reduction of blood pressure.

D. increased urinary loss of sodium.

What processes break down and build up Earth's surfaces?

Answers

Answer:

Weathering, erosion, and deposition are processes that act together to wear down and build up the Earth's surface. These processes have occurred over billions of years. Weathering is any process that breaks down rocks and creates sediments. There are two forces of weathering, chemical and mechanical (physical).

Explanation:

google

can I have brainliest

Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition

Weathering is the process where things are broken down. (example rocks are weathered by the wind.)

Erosion is the process where the broken down materials are transported to another place. This can be by wind, water, etc.

Deposition is the process where the sediments are deposited at a new location.

Hope this helps!

What is ‘Chipko Movement’

Answers

Answer:

nonviolent social and ecological movement by rural villagers

lil more info!

particularly women, in India in the 1970s, aimed at protecting trees and forests slated for government-backed logging.

The graphs above show a change in distribution of beak phenotypes X, Y, and Z over 10 generations. Notice that Beak X completely disappears from the population by Generation 5, but reappears by Generation 10. Could this occur in nature? How?

Answers

A, Yes, the alleles for Beak X could remain in the population as a recessive gene.

What is the rationale behind it?

Recessive genes. The alleles for beak X could remain in the population as recessive genes. This means that birds with beak X would still be able to pass on the genes for beak X to their offspring, even if they themselves did not have beak X. If two birds with the recessive gene for beak X mated, their offspring would have a 25% chance of having beak X.

Mutation. The birds could mutate their beaks in response to a change in the environment. This could lead to the appearance of beak X, even if the gene for beak X was not present in the population before.

Random chance. Genetic mutation is so frequent that it is possible for beak X to reappear randomly by generation 10. This is especially likely if the environment is changing and there is a selective advantage for birds with beak X.

In conclusion, it is possible for beak X to reappear after 5 generations in nature. This could happen through the inheritance of recessive genes, mutation, or random chance.

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Complete question:

The graphs above show a change in distribution of beak phenotype X, Y, and Z over 10 generations. Notice that Beak X completely disappears from the population by Generation 5, but reappears by Generation 10. Could this occur in nature? How?

Yes, the alleles for Beak X could remain in the population as a recessive gene.

Yes, the birds could mutate their beaks in response to a change in the environment.

Yes, genetic mutation is so frequent that Beak X will likely reappear randomly by Generation 10.

No, once birds with Beak X are extinct, they cannot appear again.

The graphs above show a change in distribution of beak phenotypes X, Y, and Z over 10 generations. Notice

what limits the cells production of atp if oxygen is not present?

Answers

Answer:

Approximately 100 to 150 mol/L of ATP are required daily

Explanation:

Basically, the human body turns over its weight in ATP daily.

a. Plants use CO2 in the process of ___________________ to make___________ and oxygen. b. Animals use oxygen in the process of _______________ and make more CO2. c. The ____________________________ is the main regulator of CO2 in the atmosphere because CO2 dissolves easily in it. d. In the past, huge deposits of carbon were stored as dead plants and animals ______________________. e. Today these deposits are burned as fossil fuels, which include ____________________, _____________________, and ___________________________. f. More CO2 is released in the atmosphere today than in the past because of the _________________________ . g. Too much CO2 in the atmosphere may be responsible for the _________________________________ effect/global warming.

Answers

a. Plants use CO2 in the process of photosynthesis to make glucose (sugar) and oxygen.

b. Animals use oxygen in the process of cellular respiration and make more CO2.

c. The oceans are the main regulator of CO2 in the atmosphere because CO2 dissolves easily in them.

d. In the past, huge deposits of carbon were stored as dead plants and animals in the form of fossil fuels.

e. Today these deposits are burned as fossil fuels, which include coal, oil, and natural gas.

f. More CO2 is released into the atmosphere today than in the past because of human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.

g. Too much CO2 in the atmosphere may be responsible for the greenhouse effect/global warming,

where increased concentrations of greenhouse gases trap heat and lead to rising temperatures on Earth.

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what are the 4 different nitrogenous bases in DNA?​

Answers

Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine and Thymine
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Many companies in the united states went out of business during the Great depression. which type of business would have been likely to have felt the LEAST economic impact from the Great depression?A. banksB. hotelsC. car dealershipsD. electronic companies while there are still many people living in conditions of war, disease, hunger, poverty; the number of undernourished people continues to Simplify: (9w + 4w - 4)+(2w +6w +9) A 1 1w3 - 2w -13 B 11w+ 10w +5 porfavor no me pasen vinculos solo diganme las preguntas porfa Which of the following Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factors kills leukocytes and erythrocytes?A) streptolysinsB) pyrogenic toxinsC) streptokinasesD) the hyaluronic acid capsuleE) C5a peptidase Phillip has an investment of $200 that is expected to earn 10% annually. How much will the investment be worth at the end of the second year if the investment earns simple interest compounded annually Lelt on together, the cold and hot water faucets of a certain bathtub take 7 minutes to fill the tub. If it takes the hot water faucet 17 minutes to fill the tub byitself, how long will it take the cold water faucet to fill the tub on its own? name ur favorite anime waifus for points will give brainliest for best answer The religious society of friends was a colonial group that was also known as the anglicans. the pilgrims. the puritans. the quakers. on slide 10, measure the width of the amazon river. calculate the stream discharge assuming an average depth of 170 ft and a flow of 14 ft/second. show your calculations here and include units what natual resources were important to the indians of the norther coastal region "The first chocolate chip cookie was amazing, the second one was okay, but Icouldn't eat a third one." What concept is being illustrated in this sentence? *The law of demandThe law of increasing opportunity costsThe law of diminishing marginal utility select the correct answer. the parent tangent function is horizontally compressed by a factor of and reflected over the x-axis. which equation could represent function g, the result of this transformation? a. b. c. d. There is a formula in cell B4, =B2-B3. If you drag the fill handle to the right, cell C4, what is Excel actually doing behind the scenes? you invested in a 3-month certificate of deposit at your bank. your investment was $100, and at the end of the term you will receive $101.64. what is the effective annual rate (ear) in percentage? please round your answer to 2 decimal places. 12. As Montag discusses his discomfort around the Mechanical Hound with Fire Captain Beatty, he thinksabout the "ventilator grill in the hall at home and what lay hidden behind the grill. If someone here in thefirehouse knew about the ventilator then mightn't they 'tell' the Hound....?" We're not told what Montag hahidden, but take a guess. What item/s do you think Montag has stashed behind the vent in his home? Dos tringulos son semejantes, si sus ngulos son iguales y sus lados proporcionales. Verdadero o falso? What city is located where the Mississippi and Missouri rivers meet The baseball association bought 96 shirtsfor $1488.00. What was the cost of shirts fora team of 12 players? solve the equation