g in the laboratory you are asked to make a 0.159 m sodium chloride solution using 315 grams of water. how many grams of sodium chloride should you add? grams.

The Cl−P−Cl angle for two adjacent Cl atoms in PCl₆⁻ (hexachlorophosphate ion) is approximately 90 degrees.

In the PCl₆⁻ ion, phosphorus (P) is surrounded by six chlorine (Cl) atoms. The geometry of the ion can be described as octahedral, with the P atom at the center and the six Cl atoms at the vertices of an octahedron.

In an octahedral geometry, the bond angles between the central atom (P) and the surrounding atoms (Cl) are generally around 90 degrees. This includes the Cl−P−Cl angles for adjacent Cl atoms in the PCl₆⁻ ion.

Therefore, the Cl−P−Cl angle for two adjacent Cl atoms in PCl₆⁻ is approximately 90 degrees.

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Answer

In summary

A number of properties of liquids, such as cohesion and adhesion, are influenced by the intermolecular forces within the liquid itself. Cohesion are various intermolecular forces that hold solids and liquids together while adhesion is the ability of a liquids to stick to an unlike substance. The rise or fall of a liquid in a capillary tube is governed by the balance of cohesive and adhesive forces. Lastly, surface tension is a fundamental property of the surface of liquid, it is responsible for the curvature of the surfaces of liquids dues to the polarity that exists in the liquid molecules.

Explanation

Liquids flow because the intermolecular forces between molecules are weak enough to allow the molecules to move around relative to one another. The forces are attractive when a negative charge interacts with a nearby positive charge and repulsive when the neighboring charges are the same, either both positive or both negative. Molecules are held together by polar covalent bonds – which means that the electrons are not evenly distributed between the bonded atoms. This uneven distribution in the covalent bonds of the molecules results in a partial charge.

The liquid molecules don’t interact particularly strongly with each other because the intermolecular forces are weak. The primary intermolecular forces – are London dispersion forces, which for small molecules are the weakest types of intermolecular forces. These weak forces lead to low cohesion. The molecules don’t interact strongly with each other, so they can slide right past one another.

Adhesion is the tendency of a compound to interact with another compound. (Remember that, in contrast, cohesion is the tendency of a compound to interact with itself.) Adhesion helps explain how liquids interact with their containers and with other liquids. One example of an interaction with high adhesion is that between water and glass. Both water and glass are held together by polar bonds. Therefore, the two materials can also form favorable polar interactions with each other, leading to high adhesion.

The pH change when 0.053 mol KOH is added to 1.00 L of the buffer containing 0.349 M C6H5NH3Br and 0.204 M C6H5NH2 (aniline) is approximately 0.144.

To determine the pH change, first, calculate the initial pH of the buffer solution using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log([base]/[acid])
For aniline, pKa = 9.36. Using the given concentrations:
pH_before = 9.36 + log(0.204/0.349) ≈ 9.00
Next, calculate the moles of OH- added by the KOH:
0.053 mol KOH * (1 mol OH- / 1 mol KOH) = 0.053 mol OH-
Now, find the new concentrations of the acid and base after the reaction:
0.053 mol OH- reacts with 0.349 mol C6H5NH3Br to form 0.349 - 0.053 = 0.296 mol C6H5NH3Br and 0.204 + 0.053 = 0.257 mol C6H5NH2.
New molar concentrations:
C6H5NH3Br = 0.296 M
C6H5NH2 = 0.257 M
Calculate the new pH:
pH_after = 9.36 + log(0.257/0.296) ≈ 9.144
Finally, calculate the pH change:
pH change = pH_after - pH_before = 9.144 - 9.00 = 0.144

Summary: The pH change when 0.053 mol KOH is added to 1.00 L of the buffer solution is approximately 0.144.

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Answer:

2682.9J is the heat absorbed by the wood

Explanation:

To find the heat absorbed for a material we must use the equation:

Q = S*m*ΔT

Where Q is heat absorbed in Joules

S is specific heat of the material = 1.76J/g°C for wood

m is the mass of the material = 41.2g

ΔT is change in temperature = 65.1°C - 28.1°C = 37.0°C

Replacing:

Q = 1.76J/g°C*41.2g*37.0°C

Q = 2682.9J is the heat absorbed by the wood

Answer:

d

Explanation:

it is the smallest

Answer:

Latin: Chromium; Czech: Chrom; Croatian: Krom; French: Chrome; German: Chrom - r; Italian: Cromo; Norwegian: Krom; Portuguese: Crômio; Russian: Хром; Spanish: Cromo; Swedish: Krom.

Explanation:

The order of the reaction with respect to species A is 3 when the chemical reaction involved is between A and B.

The given reaction is as follows:

A + B -----> P

We know that rate of the reaction is given by,

r α [A]^x [B]^y

Then,

r = k[A]^x [B]^y      

Then, the order for any reaction is given by,

Order = x + y

Then, from the table given about the kinetic data, let us consider

0.001 = k[0.10]^x[0.10]^y............(1)

0.004 = k[0.10]^x[0.20]^y..........(2)

0.027 = k[0.30]^x[0.10]^y..........(3)

Dividing equation (1) by (3) we get,

0.027/0.001 = k[0.30]^x[0.10]^y/k[0.10]^x[0.10]^y

27 = 3^x

3^3 = 3^x

x = 3

Therefore the order of the reaction with respect to species A is 3.

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Phosphoric acid cannot be determined by titration with NaOH using either phenolphthalein or methyl orange indicator because of the presence of multiple dissociation stages in the acid. As a result, the equivalence point cannot be determined accurately.

This is due to the fact that the acid has three dissociation stages. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is an example of a polyprotic acid, which means that it has more than one hydrogen ion to donate.

The acid undergoes successive ionization to form H2PO4-, HPO42-, and PO43- ions. The stepwise dissociation reactions are as follows: H3PO4(aq) + H2O(l) → H2PO4-(aq) + H3O+(aq)Ka1 = 7.5 × 10-3H2PO4-(aq) + H2O(l) → HPO42-(aq) + H3O+(aq)Ka2 = 6.2 × 10-8HPO42-(aq) + H2O(l) → PO43-(aq) + H3O+(aq)Ka3 = 4.2 × 10-13

As a result, the pH of the solution after each addition of NaOH will change in a series of steps rather than a single sharp change. As a result, it is impossible to determine the exact equivalence point using either phenolphthalein or methyl orange indicator.

Therefore, it is not possible to determine the amount of phosphoric acid in a solution using the titration method with these indicators.

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The concentration of Hydrogen chloride in g per dm³ = 64 g/dm³

The concentration of a substance can be expressed in several quantities such as moles, percent (%) weight / volume,), molarity, molality, parts per million (ppm) or mole fraction. The concentration shows the amount of solute in a unit of the amount of solvent

A solution of hydrochloric acid contains 3.2 g of hydrogen chloride in 50 cm³, so the concentration :

\(\tt =\dfrac{3.2~g}{50~cm^3}=0.064~g/cm^3\)

For the concentration of Hydrogen chloride in g per dm³ :

\(\tt =0.064\dfrac{g}{cm^3}\times \dfrac{1000~cm^3}{dm^3}\\\\=64~g/dm^3\)

The concentration of hydrogen chloride will be "64 g/dm³".

According to the question,

Hydrochloric acid's solution contains "3.2 g" Hydrogen chloride in "50 cm³", then

The concentration will be:

= \(\frac{3.2}{50}\)

= \(0.064 \ g/cm^3\)

By converting "\(g/cm^3\)" into "\(g/dm^3\)", we get

= \(0.064\times \frac{1000 \ cm^3}{dm^3}\)

= \(64 \ g/dm^3\)

Thus the approach above is right.

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The reagents  A to J cannot be used to turn one type of chemical (CH₃(CH₂)₃CH=CH₂) into another type (CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH)

The reagents that  are needed to prepare CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH from CH₃(CH₂)₃CH=CH₂HBr to add a bromine atom to a double bond, which makes CH₃(CH₂)₃CHBrCH₃. But it doesn't turn the mixture into CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH.. KOC(CH₃)₃ (2x) in DMSO:

This reagents , called potassium tert-butoxide, can make a reaction happen where a hydrogen atom is removed from a substance and makes CH₃(CH₂)₃C=CH₂.

It doesn't change the compound into CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH.. Mercury(II) sulfate, called HgSO₄, cannot be used for the change we want to make.. Chlorine gas doesn't turn the compound into CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH.

The chemical called POC₁₃ mixed with pyridine cannot do what we want it  

This substance (CH₃Cl) cannot change the compound into CH3CH2CH2CH2C=CH.

Borane mixed with double bonds makes a new substance called CH₃(CH₂)₃CH₂CH₂OH. It doesn't change the compound into CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH..

Sulfuric acid cannot change a substance into CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH. Sodium hydride can't change the compound to CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH.

The reagents A to J cannot be used to turn one type of chemical (CH₃(CH₂)₃CH=CH₂) into another type (CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂C=CH).

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HCO3^- is best described as ao bicarbonate in.

The bicarbonate ion, HCO3^-, consists of one hydrogen atom (H+), one carbon atom (C), and three oxygen atoms (O) bonded together. It is a polyatomic ion that plays a crucial role in various biological and chemical processes. Bicarbonate ions are commonly found in the body and are involved in maintaining acid-base balance, particularly in blood and cellular environments.

In terms of acidity, HCO3^- can act as a weak acid. It has the ability to donate a proton (H+) in certain chemical reactions, contributing to the regulation of pH levels in the body. However, it is important to note that HCO3^- is primarily known as a bicarbonate ion and is more commonly involved in its role as a base rather than an acid.

In summary, HCO3^- is best described as a bicarbonate ion, which is involved in maintaining acid-base balance and acts as a weak acid in specific reactions describes HCO3^-. a proton donor a bicarbonate ion a weak acid common in the liver

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HCO3^- is known as the bicarbonate ion. It acts as a weak acid or a proton donor, assisting with pH regulation in the blood by buffering acid wastes from metabolic processes. It is also involved in respiratory regulation of acid-base balance.

HCO3^- is known as bicarbonate ion. It can act as a proton donor, thus making it a weak acid. In the body, bicarbonate ions and carbonic acid exist in a 20:1 ratio, helping to maintain blood pH balance. Bicarbonate ions prevent significant changes in blood pH by capturing free ions. During metabolic processes that release acid wastes such as lactic acid, bicarbonate ions help to buffer the acidity. These ions are even involved in respiratory regulation of acid-base balance, as they are crucial to the balance of acids and bases in the body by regulating the blood levels of carbonic acid. The stronger the acidic substance, the more readily it donates protons (H*). In contrast, bicarbonate is a weak base, meaning that it releases only some hydroxyl ions or absorbs only a few protons. Overall, the bicarbonate ion plays a critical role in various biological reactions and maintaining homeostasis.

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If k = 1/2 because the half-life of Carbon-14 corresponds to a decay model where the remaining amount is reduced by half after each half-life interval.

The decay model for Carbon-14 is given by the equation P' = kP, where P is the initial amount of Carbon-14 and P' is the amount remaining after a certain time.

The half-life of Carbon-14 is 5,730 years, which means that after each half-life, the amount of Carbon-14 is reduced to half of its previous value.

Using this information, we can find the value of k.

Since the half-life is the time it takes for half of the initial amount to decay, we can write the equation as:

(1/2)P = kP

Dividing both sides of the equation by P, we get:

1/2 = k

Therefore, the value of k for the decay model of Carbon-14 is 1/2.

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The structuralism perspective provides the most compelling reasons for entrenched poverty and lack of development in the global economy. According to structuralism, these issues are deeply rooted in the structural inequalities and power imbalances inherent in the global economic system.

Structuralists argue that the global economy is characterized by unequal distribution of resources, unequal access to markets, and asymmetrical power relations between developed and developing countries. These structural barriers perpetuate poverty and hinder development by limiting the ability of less developed countries to participate fully and benefit from the global economic system.

To address these issues, structuralists advocate for structural changes in the global economic system, including:

Addressing Trade Inequalities:

Redistributive Policies:

Developmental State Approach:

Debt Relief and Financial Assistance:

Global Governance Reforms:

By addressing the structural inequalities and power imbalances within the global economy, structuralism offers a comprehensive approach to tackling entrenched poverty and promoting sustainable development on a global scale.

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Answer:

In order to calculate the work that the spike did, you have to respect the following equation:

WORK = FORCE X DISPLACEMENT X COS (0)

Explanation:

Work is measured in joules, and is the amount of energy a body needs to make a certain force over a certain distance.

In the case of this bird we would be calculating with the equation written up in the previous item the work that said animal would do to grind a seed.

Answer:

Below

Explanation:

When the flame in a hot air balloon is turned down, the amount of heat being generated inside the balloon decreases. This causes the temperature inside the balloon to decrease as well. As the temperature inside the balloon decreases, the air inside the balloon cools and contracts. This causes the air inside the balloon to become less dense than the air outside the balloon, resulting in a decrease in the overall lifting force of the balloon. As a result, the balloon will start to descend gradually.

Additionally, turning down the flame will also reduce the volume of hot air being released into the balloon, which can cause the balloon to lose altitude more quickly.

It's important to note that the pilot must adjust the flame in a hot air balloon to maintain the altitude and direction of the balloon. As the air outside cools, the pilot needs to turn up the flame to maintain the temperature inside the balloon and to keep the balloon afloat

When the flame in a hot air balloon is turned down, the amount of heat being generated inside the balloon decreases. This causes the temperature inside the balloon.

to decrease as well. As the temperature inside the balloon decreases, the air inside the balloon cools and contracts. This causes the air inside the balloon to become less dense than the air outside the balloon, resulting in a decrease in the overall lifting force of the balloon. As a result, the balloon will start to descend gradually. Additionally, turning down the flame will also reduce the volume of hot air being released into the balloon, which can cause the balloon to lose altitude more quickly. It's important to note that the pilot must adjust the flame in a hot air balloon to maintain the altitude and direction of the balloon. As the air outside cools, the pilot needs to turn up the flame to maintain the temperature inside the balloon and to keep the balloon afloat.

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Carbonate buffers are important in regulating the ph of blood at 7.40The concentration ratio of \(H_{2} CO_{3}\) to \(HCO_{3} ^{-}\) in blood at pH 7.4 is approximately 0.0008.

The concentration ratio of \(CO_{2}\) to  \(HCO_{3} ^{-}\) in blood at pH 7.40 is approximately 1:20. This means that for every molecule of \(CO_{2}\), there are approximately 20 molecules of \(HCO_{3} ^{-}\) in the blood. This ratio is important because it helps to maintain the pH of blood within a narrow range, which is necessary for proper bodily function. The carbonate buffer system works by converting excess \(CO_{2}\)into \(HCO_{3} ^{-}\) when the pH of the blood becomes too acidic, and by converting \(HCO_{3} ^{-}\) back into \(CO_{2}\) when the pH becomes too basic. This buffering system helps to prevent acidosis and alkalosis, which can be life-threatening conditions if left untreated.

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The heat of reaction at 298 K for the reaction is -286.4 kJ. This can be calculated by adding the enthalpy of the reactants and subtracting the enthalpy of the products.

The enthalpy of the reactants is -393.5 kJ + -285.8 kJ = -679.3 kJ. The enthalpy of the products is 890.3 kJ.

Thus, the heat of reaction at 298 K is -679.3 kJ + 890.3 kJ = -286.4 kJ.

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Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is a strong base that has low solubility in water.. the pH of a 2.3×\(10^{-4}\)M solution of calcium hydroxide at 25.0∘C is 10.66 (rounded to two decimal places).

Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is a strong base that dissociates in water to form one calcium ion (Ca2+) and two hydroxide ions (OH-). The dissociation equation for calcium hydroxide is:
Ca(OH)2(s) ⇌ Ca2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq)
The solubility product constant (Ksp) for calcium hydroxide is 5.5×10−6 at 25.0∘C. Since the solubility of calcium hydroxide is low, we can assume that the concentration of Ca2+ and OH- ions in the solution is negligible compared to the initial concentration of calcium hydroxide.
To find the pH of a 2.3×\(10^{-4}\)M solution of calcium hydroxide, we need to determine the concentration of OH- ions in the solution. Using the dissociation equation for calcium hydroxide, we can see that for every mole of calcium hydroxide that dissociates, two moles of OH- ions are formed. Therefore, the concentration of OH- ions in the solution is:
[OH-] = 2 × [Ca(OH)2] = 2 × 2.3×\(10^{-4}\)M = 4.6×\(10^{-4}\)M
Now, we can use the following equation to find the pH of the solution:
pOH = -log[OH-] = -log(4.6×\(10^{-4}\)) = 3.34
pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 3.34 = 10.66

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Answer:

0.4 M

Explanation:

We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below:

HBr + KOH —> KBr + H₂O

From the balanced equation above,

The mole ratio of the acid, HBr (nₐ) = 1

The mole ratio of the base, KOH (n₆) = 1

Finally, we shall determine the molarity of HBr. This can be obtained as follow:

Volume of acid, HBr (Vₐ) = 0.5 L

Volume of base, KOH (V₆) = 0.1 L

Molarity of base, KOH (M₆) = 2 M

Molarity of acid, HBr (Mₐ) =?

MₐVₐ / M₆V₆ = nₐ/n₆

Mₐ × 0.5 / 2 × 0.1 = 1

Mₐ × 0.5 / 0.2 = 1

Cross multiply

Mₐ × 0.5 = 0.2

Divide both side by 0.5

Mₐ = 0.2 / 0.5

Mₐ = 0.4 M

Thus, the molarity of the HBr solution is 0.4 M

1) The electron arrangements are

\(A - 1s^2 2s^2 2p^2B - 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5\)

The compound that is formed by the combination and A and B is \(AB_{4}\)

The distribution of electrons among an element's atoms' various energy levels, or electron shells, is referred to as the element's electron arrangement.

The innermost electron shell can accommodate up to 2 electrons, the second shell up to 8 electrons, and so on, with each succeeding shell similarly accommodating up to 8 electrons.

As such, we can see that there are four electrons on the outermost shell of A and that gives the formula of the compound as  \(AB_{4}\).

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The amount of salt in the tank as a function of time is f(t) = 70 + 4t, where f(t) is the amount of salt in the tank after t minutes.

The rate of salt entering the tank is 2 lb/gal x 2 gal/min = <<2*2=4>>4 lb/min, where the concentration of salt is 2 lb/gal. Initially, the tank contains 70 lb of salt and 280 gal of water. When the brine flows into the tank at a constant rate of 2 gal/min, the concentration of salt in the tank remains constant. When the tank is stirred, the salt will be uniformly distributed throughout the mixture. Let’s assume that t is the time in minutes. As a result, the number of minutes that the solution is in the tank will be t. Since the concentration of salt in the tank remains constant, the amount of salt in the tank after t minutes is 70 lb + 4 lb/min × t.

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The answer is e) 1.84 x 102 g. This means that 184.16 grams of table salt are needed to provide 72.0 grams of sodium.

Table salt, also known as sodium chloride, is a common chemical compound used in various applications. It is composed of two elements: sodium and chlorine, with sodium accounting for 39.1% of the compound's mass. In this problem, we are asked to determine how many grams of table salt are needed to provide 72.0 grams of sodium.

To solve this problem, we can use the information that table salt is 39.1% sodium by mass. This means that in every 100 grams of table salt, 39.1 grams is sodium. We can use this proportion to determine how much table salt is needed to provide 72.0 grams of sodium.

Let x be the amount of table salt (in grams) needed to provide 72.0 grams of sodium. Using the proportion, we can set up the following equation:

39.1/100 = 72.0/x

To solve for x, we can cross-multiply and simplify:

39.1x = 7200

x = 7200/39.1

x ≈ 184.16

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Mario can use his scratch paper to jot down important information or intermediate calculations. This will help him to keep track of his work and ensure that he doesn't lose any important information along the way. By using these strategies, Mario can improve his performance on the math test and increase his chances of success.

One special strategy that Mario can use while taking a math test is to read the instructions and questions carefully. This will help him to understand the requirements of each question and avoid making careless mistakes. In addition, it will help him to identify any important information or key terms that may be necessary for solving the problem.

Another strategy that Mario can use is to work through the test systematically, starting with the easiest questions and moving on to the more difficult ones. This will help him to build confidence and momentum as he progresses through the test. He can also use this strategy to manage his time effectively, making sure to allocate enough time for each question based on its difficulty level.

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Answer:

C. ATP.

Explanation:

During the process of aerobic cellular respiration, energy is said to be released in three main stages: glycolysis, Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain). The electron transport chain produces the most energy and it involves the transfer of electrons through series of complex proteins.

As the electrons move through the individual complexes, energy is lost to form a proton gradient (H+). The proton gradient powers the synthesis of ATP from ADP as catalyzed by ATP synthase.

We are told that starch consists of glucose polymer, so we can assume that the caloric value of starch will be equal to the caloric value of glucose, that is, 3.9kcal/g.

Now to determine the kcal and kJ there were in the potato we must calculate the mass of starch present in that potato. We are told that it is 92% starch, therefore the mass of starch in the potato will be:

We have that in the potato there are 160.08 grams of starch. By multiplying it by the caloric value we will have the kcal that were in the potato, assuming that the rest of the ingredients do not contribute caloric value, or it is insignificant.

To calculate the kJ we must make the conversion using the relationship that 1 cal is equal to 4.184 joules:

In the potato, there were 624 kcal of energy or 2612kJ of energy.

Answer:

The defect of vision suffered by the person is Myopia

Explanation:

The person can't see farther objects but is able to read a book which is placed closely to the eyes, using these observations the person is suffering from MYOPIA(nearsightedness) in which observer see close objects clearly but farther objects appear blurred.

The light entering the eye isn't correctly bent, the eyeball becomes big , or the eye lens become too converging, which converges the light ray in front of the cornea

This defect can be cured by using concave lenses.

Substances which is not a solution is : E) All of the above are solutions

A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances. Humid air is a mixture of water vapor and air, but it is not homogenous, so it is not a solution. Beer is a mixture of water, hops, barley, and yeast, but it is not homogenous, so it is not a solution. Oxygen is an element, not a mixture of substances, so it is not a solution. Steel is an alloy, which is a mixture of two or more metals, but it is not homogenous, so it is not a solution.

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