Genes are used to make RNA and some RNA is used to make proteins. Not all RNAs in the cell are destined to be translated. mRNA will be translated
Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are nucleic acid molecules that are transcribed from DNA and serve as a template for protein synthesis, which is the process of translating the genetic code contained in mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids that will be utilized to create functional protein molecules.The role of mRNA in protein synthesis:
The mRNA copies the genetic instructions stored in DNA and transports them from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where ribosomes translate the message into a specific sequence of amino acids. As a result, the protein synthesizing system reads the genetic code in the mRNA and generates a polypeptide chain that will fold into the native protein's three-dimensional structure.
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Breast milk:Group of answer choicesa. is deficient in iron and vitamin C.b. is more likely than formula to poduce alleries.c. provides more iron and vitaminC and A than cow's milk.d. upsets the baby's digestive system more often than formulas.
Breast milk C. provides more iron and vitamin C and A than cow's milk.
The mammary glands produce breast milk, also known as milk. This can be found in a female's breast. One of the most important sources of nutrition for newborns is breast milk. This is made up of fat, protein, and vitamins. Compared to cow's milk, breast milk contains more iron, vitamin C, and vitamin A. iron is absorbed in breast milk in comparison to other sources. Iron absorption is aided by the presence of vitamin C and lactose in breast milk.
Therefore, the correct answer is C.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of protozoans
a. break down plant matter
b. can cause a disease
c.can live in red blood cells
d. Ingredient in lotion
its a science question
Answer:D
Explanation: Protozoans are a single-celled microscopic animal of a group of phyla of the kingdom Protista, such as an amoeba, flagellate, ciliate, or sporozoan.
Protozoans play important roles in the fertility of soils. By grazing on soil bacteria, they regulate bacterial populations and maintain them in a state of physiological youth— in the active growing phase. This enhances the rates at which bacteria decompose dead organic matter.
in the nervous system what is central nervous system?
Answer:
central nervous system
Explanation:
The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. The brain plays a central role in the control of most bodily functions, including awareness, movements, sensations, thoughts, speech, and memory.
hope it helps!
What relationship will blood volume have on blood pressure?
Answer:
Answer:I HOPE THAT ABOVE INFORMATION WILL HELP YOU A LOT.
Answer:I HOPE THAT ABOVE INFORMATION WILL HELP YOU A LOT.
Which of these REQUIRES active
transport in order to cross the plasma
membrane?
A. a sodium ion moving AGAINST the concentration gradient
B. a hydrogen molecule moving WITH the concentration
gradient
C. an oxygen molecule moving WITH the concentration
gradient
D. a carbon dioxide molecule moving WITH the concentration
gradient
Answer: I think it might be A. a sodium ion moving AGAINST the concentration gradient
Explanation:
The mineral graphite is used in pencils. What is the characteristic that allows it to be used for this purpose? *
1 black streak
2 hardness of 1-2
3 both are correct
What is the name for amount of energy that a reaction needs to get started?
The amount of energy that a reaction needs to get started is activation energy and is used by the substrate to form products.
The enzymes are the biocatalysts that are required to increase the rate of reaction because they help in the lowering of the threshold or minimum energy which is called activation energy which is used by the substrate to form the products and if that activation energy is very high that cannot be passed by the substrate then
enzymes help to reduce it by joining with the substrate so activation energy is the amount of energy required by a reaction or substrate to get started and this energy is measured in the joules per minute, kilojoules per mole and kilocalories per mole and activation energy is calculated using k = Ae -Ea / RT where k is rate constant, A is the pre-exponential factor, Ea is activation energy and it has the same unit as R*T, R is the universal gas constant and T is the absolute temperature in kelvins and the example of activation energy is turning the key which causes the spark which activates the burning of gasoline in the engine.
The enzyme which has the maximum capacity of lowering the activation energy and increasing the maximum rate of reaction is known as carbonic anhydrase enzyme forming almost 6000 products per second.
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What two body systems play a role in maintaining blood sugar homeostasis? Choose all that apply. *
Answer:
Liver and Pancreas
Explanation:
Liver and Pancreas play an important role in maintaining blood sugar homeostasis
The pancreas has cells called Islets of Langerhans which release insulin and glucagon which are responsible for maintaining blood sugar levels.
Liver too plays an important role in the regulation of blood sugar levels by releasing glucose in response to glucagon.
How does scientific knowledge continue to change over time?
A. Living systems are constantly changing, so previous explanations
no longer apply.
B. Scientists always change their assumptions and explanations to
keep their work interesting.
C. Each new discovery is based on new data and ignores previous
investigations.
OD. Scientists reevaluate current assumptions and explanations as
new data and technology become available.
Answer: the answer is D
Explanation:
What is the most abundant element in the atmosphere
Nitrogen is the most abundant element in the atmosphere.
Use the mohs hardness to answer the following question
Emerald has a hardness of 7.5 -8. Which two materials could scratch emerald?
Answer:
diamond and corundum
Explanation:
diamond has a hardness of 10 and corundum has a hardness of 9, both are higher than 8
How were you able to identify the other substance?
Answer:
Well I think your able to identify by looking at the Physical and Chemical Properties or by its Melting or boiling point.
Hopefully this is correct
Each enzyme has an optimum pH at which it attains its maximum activity.
That optimum pH varies for each enzyme. The optimum range for pepsin is 1.5-2; for stomach lipase it is 4.0-5.0. Any change below
above the optimum pH range for a specific enzyme results in a decrease in enzyme action.
Which graph best represents the pH and enzyme action for lipase?
x
A
B
Reaction velocity
Reaction velocity
pH and temperature are two factors that affect the enzymes' structure and function. There is an optimum pH level for every enzyme, and above this one or below this one, the enzyme denaturalizes and its activity is affected. The graph is in the attached files.
How do enzymes depend on pH?Enzymes, like all proteins, are polypeptidic molecules. They need to get an accurate tridimensional structure to accomplish their function. There is a limited temperature and pH level at which they lose that structure and denaturalize.
The most accurate configuration for the best catalytic performance depends on the charge of the lateral chains and the environmental pH.
Enzymes have ionizable chemical groups in the lateral chains of their amino acids. Depending on the environmental pH, these groups will have a positive, negative, or neutral charge. There is an optimum pH level at which enzymes get the best configuration to accomplish their functions.
Most enzymes are sensitive to any change in pH, which might drastically affect their activity. So every enzyme has its optimum pH level, and any slight deviations will cause the enzyme denaturalization, hence, its activity loss.
In the attached files you will find the graph
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all of the bones in your body with the exception of the hyoid joint in the neck (true or false)
The statement that "all of the bones in your body, with the exception of the hyoid bone in the neck" appears to be incomplete, making it difficult to answer as a true or false question.
However, I can provide you some information about the hyoid bone and its uniqueness in the human body.
The hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone located in the neck that serves as an anchor for the tongue and supports various muscles involved in swallowing and speaking. Unlike other bones in the human skeletal system, the hyoid bone is not directly connected to any other bones. Instead, it is held in place by a network of muscles and ligaments. This feature makes the hyoid bone unique among the 206 bones in the adult human body.
In conclusion, the hyoid bone is exceptional due to its lack of direct connection to other bones. If your original question was aiming to identify the hyoid bone's distinct characteristic, then the answer would be true. However, without the complete statement or question, a definitive true or false answer cannot be provided.
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true/false. a phylogeny is a lot like a family tree, the roots represent the ancestors and the tips of the branches represents the descendants
True. **Phylogeny** and family tree share a similar structure. The **roots** of the phylogenetic tree represent the common ancestors, while the **tips of the branches** represent the descendants or the living species.
Each branch point on the tree represents a divergence event, indicating where and when two lineages split from a common ancestor. Phylogenies are widely used in evolutionary biology to study the relationships between organisms and to understand the patterns and processes of evolution.
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What protective items should you wear when using benedicts solution?
Answer:
Hey there!
You should wear gloves and safety goggles when using benedicts solution.
Let me know if this helps :)
what are the disadvantages of transgenic rabbits? glowing rabbits
The main evolutionary disadvantage of transgenic rabbits, in this case, is associated with the lack of adaptation that fluorescence will produce making them susceptible to predators.
What is adaptation?Adaptation is a slow evolutionary process where more adapted individuals are selected by differential reproduction and survival.
Fluorescent transgenic rabbits will be more susceptible to predators in natural populations, thereby they will have less adaptive fitness compared to normal rabbits.
In conclusion, the main evolutionary disadvantage of transgenic rabbits, in this case, is associated with the lack of adaptation that fluorescence will produce making them susceptible to predators.
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Several biological theories of aging have emerged over the past 40 years. Summarize and then critique each theory and then discuss how it advances our understanding of the aging process and its potential for reversing that process. Provide three examples of normal, age‑related changes in visual functioning and three examples of pathological aging. To what extent can environmental interventions aid the older person undergoing these changes?
Environmental interventions can effectively compensate for age-related changes, enhance independence, and improve overall quality of life. Consulting with healthcare professionals, including ophthalmologists, optometrists, and occupational therapists, can provide tailored recommendations and guidance based on individual needs.
Several biological theories of aging have been proposed to explain the aging process. Here, I will summarize and critique each theory and discuss how they advance our understanding of aging and the potential for reversing the aging process.
Telomere Theory of Aging: This theory suggests that aging is driven by the shortening of telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of chromosomes. Each time a cell divides, the telomeres shorten, eventually leading to cellular senescence and aging. However, this theory has limitations as not all cells exhibit telomere shortening, and some species with short telomeres have long lifespans.
Free Radical Theory of Aging: This theory proposes that accumulated damage from free radicals, which are highly reactive molecules, contributes to aging. Free radicals can cause oxidative stress and damage DNA, proteins, and other cellular components. While oxidative stress does play a role in aging, recent research suggests that it is not the sole cause, and some organisms with high oxidative stress levels still exhibit longevity.
Mitochondrial Theory of Aging: This theory suggests that aging is caused by the accumulation of mitochondrial damage over time. Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in cells, but they also generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) as byproducts, leading to oxidative damage. The decline in mitochondrial function is thought to contribute to aging. However, the extent to which mitochondrial dysfunction directly causes aging is still under investigation.
Hormonal Theories of Aging: These theories propose that changes in hormone levels contribute to the aging process. For example, the decline in reproductive hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, is associated with age-related changes. However, the causal relationship between hormonal changes and aging is not fully understood.
Immunological Theory of Aging: This theory suggests that age-related changes in the immune system, such as decreased immune response and increased inflammation, contribute to aging. The decline in immune function can lead to increased susceptibility to diseases and impaired wound healing.
While these theories provide insights into the aging process, it is important to note that aging is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon. It is likely influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Reversing the aging process entirely is currently beyond our capabilities, but research is ongoing to understand and potentially slow down aspects of aging.
Examples of normal age-related changes in visual functioning include:
Presbyopia: This is the natural age-related loss of near focusing ability, resulting in difficulty seeing close objects clearly.
Reduced pupil size: The pupil becomes smaller and less responsive to changes in light, leading to decreased visual acuity in low-light conditions.
Decreased color vision: Aging can affect the perception of colors, particularly distinguishing between shades of blue and green.
Examples of pathological aging in visual functioning include:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): This is a progressive eye condition that affects the macula, leading to central vision loss.
Cataracts: Cataracts occur when the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, causing blurred or cloudy vision.
Glaucoma: Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, leading to vision loss and blindness if left untreated.
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Pls answer I will help you out. Need this for tmr
Answer:
uhh
Explanation:
sorry i dont know
The autonomic nervous system controls _____________.
A. our brain
B. involuntary activities
C. voluntary activities
D. our spinal cord
Answer:
B. involuntary activities
I need to know the first law of newton
Tornadoes have occurred in every state, including Alaska and Hawaii. A) True B) False.
A) True. Tornadoes have occurred in every state, including Alaska and Hawaii, although they are less common in those states compared to others.
Tornadoes have not occurred in every state, including Alaska and Hawaii. Tornadoes are most commonly associated with the central region of the United States, often referred to as "Tornado Alley," which includes states like Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska. These areas experience a higher frequency of tornado activity due to specific atmospheric conditions.
Alaska, being located in the northernmost part of North America, has a climate that is generally not conducive to tornado formation. It has a colder climate and different atmospheric dynamics, which make tornadoes extremely rare.
Hawaii, as an archipelago in the Pacific Ocean, also has a different climate and weather patterns that do not typically support tornado formation. Tornadoes are very uncommon in Hawaii.
Therefore, it is false to say that tornadoes have occurred in every state, including Alaska and Hawaii.
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25 POINTSSS AND BRAINLY THE SELECTED ANSWER IS WRONG BTW
Answer:
The second option
Explanation:
The important point is that the surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger. Thus, if the cell grows beyond a certain limit, not enough material will be able to cross the membrane fast enough to accommodate the increased cellular volume. That is why cells are so small.
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When oceanic and continental plates converge, the oceanic plate tends to go under the continental plate and eventually melts. Which feature below forms at these types of boundaries?
A) rift valley
B) seafloor spread
C) volcanic mountains
D) folded mountains
When oceanic and continental plates converge, the oceanic plate tends to go under the continental plate and eventually melts. Volcanic mountains forms at these types of boundaries. Thus, option C is correct.
How are mountains formed?Mountains are often formed by the movement of tectonic plates on the earth's crust. The crust itself is made by the different large tectonic plates. There are three ways to form a mountain which is following, volcanic, fold, and block mountains.
The great African rift valley and Rhine valley in Germany is an examples of block mountains. Fold mountains are the Himalayas, Alps, and the Rockies. Volcanic mountains are Vesuvius, Kilimanjaro, and Mount Fuji.
"At a divergent boundary in a continental plate" is the one among the following choices given in the question that tells where a rift valley is most likely to occur.
Therefore, When oceanic and continental plates converge, the oceanic plate tends to go under the continental plate and eventually melts. Volcanic mountains forms at these types of boundaries. Thus, option C is correct.
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What are the two important features of a traditional haiku?
Traditional haiku centers around two important features while giving a surprising viewpoint. Similar to a joke, the initial segment of haiku can frequently act as the set-up, while the subsequent part conveys the zinger.
An illustration comes from Murakami Kijo, a Japanese poet who lived from 1865 to 1938:
First autumn morning:
the mirror I stare into
shows my father’s face.
In Kijo's model, we can see that it adheres to the guidelines we made sense of above: a reference to Autumn and the unusual perspective at the end are two important features, and punctuation separates the lines.
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The goal of a statement of purpose is:
Answer:
Explanation, answer, persuade
Explanation:
a statement is a sentence with a period at the end of the sentence.
you can answer, and explain without using a question mark, or an exclamation mark
and of course, you can persuade with a period, question mark, or with an exclamation mark
( plz mark me as brainliest, that would be most appreiciated! )
help!!
What is the genetic material found in the nucleus called?
Chromosomes
Nucleoid
Ribosomes
Osmosis
Answer:A
Explanation:
Answer: it is A
Explanation: i did the quiz
The production of carbon dioxide during respiration in aerobic tissues lowers the ph in erythrocytes, which in turn ________ the affinity of oxygen binding to hemoglobin.
The production of carbon dioxide during respiration in aerobic tissues lowers the ph in erythrocytes, which in turn decreases the affinity of oxygen binding to hemoglobin.
During internal respiration, carbon dioxide in erythrocytes combines with water to form carbonic acid, which then associates with hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions. Bicarbonate ions get diffused out of erythrocytes and control the blood ph. Hemoglobin in the RBCs binds with hydrogen ions and reduces the affinity for oxygen. Oxygen then gets diffused out of the RBCs and enters the tissues. The interaction between hemoglobin and hydrogen ions and then its affinity for oxygen is called the Bohr effect.
Internal respiration results in the production of carbon dioxide in aerobic tissues that lowers the oh in erythrocytes through bicarbonate ions. This, in turn, decreases the affinity of oxygen binding to hemoglobin and releases it into the aerobic tissues.
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what ploidy level are sperm cells in the fern lifecycle, and in which structure are they formed?
As per the effects of mitosis, the fern sperm cells are in the 1n ploidy level.
The ploidy level of a cell makes reference to the number of chromosomes present in a cell during and after cellular division. When a cell has pairs of chromosomes it is considered to be diploid and is represented by the level of 2n. When, like in this case, the chromosomes are singular, it is haploid (1n).
Sperm is produced inside of the gametophyte of the fern. Specifically within a structure known as the antheridium. On the other hand, the egg production takes place within the archegonium.
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Directions: Match the vocabulary terms below to their definitions.
Biology
The correct match of the ecology terms with their definitions is as follows:
Abiotic factors: ERenewable resources: NHeterotrophs: IDecomposers: CBiotic factors: HScavenger: APopulation: DOmnivore: FLimiting factor: LEcosystem: BHerbivores: KInvasive species: MCarnivore: GAutotroph: JWhat is ecology?Ecology is the branch of biology dealing with the relationships of organisms with their environment and with each other.
Some ecological terms were given in this question and are described as follows:
Abiotic factors are nonliving, inanimate, characterised by the absence of life; of inorganic matter.
Renewable resources are natural resources that is replenished by natural processes at a rate comparable to its rate of consumption by humans or other users.
Heterotrophs are organisms which requires an external supply of energy in the form of food as it cannot synthesize its own.
Decomposers are organisms that feed off decomposing organic material, especially such a bacterium or fungus.
Biotic factors are those pertaining to, or produced by life or living organisms.
Scavengers are animals that feeds on decaying matter such as carrion.
Population is a collection of organisms of same species, sharing a particular characteristic of interest, most often that of living in a given area.
Omnivore is an animal which is able to consume both plants (like a herbivore) and meat (like a carnivore).
Limiting factor is a condition that limits the growth or abundance of a population of organisms in an ecosystem.
Ecosystem is the interconnectedness of organisms (plants, animals, microbes) with each other and their environment.
Herbivores are organism that feeds chiefly on plants; an animal that feeds on herbage or vegetation as the main part of its diet.
Invasive species are species that has been introduced to an environment where it is not native, and that has since become a nuisance through rapid spread and increase in numbers, often to the detriment of native species.
Carnivore is an organism that feeds chiefly on animals; an animal that feeds on meat as the main part of its diet.
Autotroph is any organism that can synthesize its food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy.
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