The nucleus of an atom is small compared to the size of the atom because of Rutherford's nuclear theory. Rutherford's nuclear theory states that most of the mass of an atom and all of its positive charge are contained in a small core called the nucleus.
This statement is consistent with the fact that the nucleus of an atom is small compared to the size of the atom. Rutherford's nuclear theory states that the nucleus of an atom is small compared to the size of the atom, and, therefore, the nucleus has a relatively low mass compared to the mass of an atom.
Rutherford's nuclear theory states that the nucleus is small but contains about half of the mass of an atom. The nuclear theory was discovered by Ernest Rutherford in 1911.
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If a reaction is first order with a rate constant of 0.0450 s', how much time is required for 65% of the initial quantity of reactant to be consumed?
\(13.86 seconds\) required for 65% of the initial quantity of reactant to be consumed
A first order reaction's rate constant is provided by:
rate = k[A]
A reactant is a substance that participates in a chemical reaction and is changed into a product.
where [A] is the concentration of the reactant.
In this case, the rate constant is given as 0.0450 s-1.
To calculate the time required for 65% of the initial quantity of reactant to be consumed, we can use the following equation:
\(t = (\frac{1}{k})[ln(1 - 0.65)]\)
Substituting the values, we get:
\(t = (\frac{1}{0.0450 s^{-1}})[ln(1 - 0.65)] \\\\t= 13.86 s\)
Therefore, it will take \(13.86 seconds\) for 65% of the reactant's original volume to be consumed.
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the highly deshielded oh proton in a carboxylic acid absorbs in the ¹h nmr spectrum somewhere between ____________ ppm.
The highly deshielded OH proton in a carboxylic acid absorbs in the 1H NMR spectrum somewhere between 10-12 ppm.
Two distinctive infrared stretching absorptions linked to the carboxyl group alter significantly with hydrogen bonding. Due to oxygen's electronegativity and the anisotropy of the C=O carbonyl bond, the acidic O-H protons of carboxylic acids are severely deshielded. They frequently occur far downfield in the 10–12 ppm range, which is regarded as characteristic for carboxylic acids, and are typically among the least protected protons.
A carboxylic acid's proton frequently manifests as a wide singlet due to hydrogen bonding, and when D2O is added, the signal vanishes as a result of hydrogen-deuterium exchange. Around a carboxylic acid, protons on carbons absorb in the range of 2-3 ppm. Deshielding happens to some extent because the carbonyl oxygen is inductively removing electron density from the carbonyl carbon, which is then removing electron density from the nearby carbon.
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Question 7 (1 point)
Maple has a sample of iodine gas. She has 3.20 x 1023 molecules of iodine gas.
What is the mass of this sample? Remember to abbreviate your units properly and
include the substance formula (in your formula, the subscript should be entered as a
normal number). Round your answer to the nearest 0.1.
Maple has a sample of iodine gas. She has 3.20 x 1023 molecules of iodine gas, 5kg is the mass of this sample.
What is mass ?
The basic characteristics of matter include mass. A body's mass is an indicator of how much matter is present there. A body's mass is constant throughout its whole life. The quantity of gravity pulling on a body is measured by its weight.
What is molecules?
A molecule is a collection of two or more atoms that together make up the smallest unit that may be used to identify a pure substance while still preserving its chemical makeup and physical qualities. There are three different kinds of molecules: atom-sized, element-sized, and compound-sized.
Therefore, maple has a sample of iodine gas. She has 3.20 x 1023 molecules of iodine gas, 5kg is the mass of this sample.
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Given a sample of C6H12O6(aq), which of the following is true?
a. The glucose is the solvent and water is the solute.
b. The glucose is the solvent and water is the solvent.
c. The glucose is the solute and water is the solute.
d. The glucose is the solute and water is the solvent.
The law that relates the temperature and volume of a gas to each other is known as.
how far is pluto from jupiter
define psychological and physical abuse in drugs
Answer:
Physical dependence is characterized by tolerance and withdrawal. Drug or substance dependency is psychological.
Helpppp ASAP DON’T GUESS
Which of the following best describe an atomic number? An element identity is defined by its atomic number this means it represents the number of
A) electrons in the element
B) protons plus neutrons in its nucleus
C)neutrons in its nucleus
D)protons in its nucleus
Answer:
d) protons in its nucleus
Explanation:
-
What is the movement of a fluid caused by differences in temperature that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another?
a. Convection Currents
b. Conduction Currents
c. Conduction
d. Radiation
a. Convection currents is the movement of a fluid caused by differences in temperature that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
What type of material moves as a result of temperature differences?The effect of differential heating is convection currents. Warm, lighter (less dense), and rising matter rises whereas cool, heavier (more dense), falling matter falls. Convection currents are the circulation patterns that are produced by this movement in the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and mantle.
Because of a temperature or density differential inside the material, convection currents are flowing liquids that move. Convection currents only occur in gases and liquids because a solid's internal particles are locked in place
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Which statement describes the role of a mitochondrion in providing a body with energy? It stores glucose that is taken from food so that respiration can happen later. It combines blood and oxygen so that energy can be released from glucose. It is the site where oxygen combines with small molecules and releases large amounts of energy. It is the site where food is broken down into small molecules and amounts of energy .
Answer:
It is the site where oxygen combines with small molecules of glucose and releases large amounts of energy
Explanation:
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Liquid water can be separated into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas through electrolysis. 1 mole of hydrogen gas and 0.5 moles of oxygen gas is produced from 1 mole of liquid water collected in separate 10 L containers at 1 atm. Will the temperatures of the gases be equal? In one to two sentences, use the ideal gas law to explain your answer. (20 points)
Answer:
The ideal gas law specifies the mechanical behavior of ideal gases. It is capable of calculating the volume of gases produced or consumed.
In chemical equations, these equations are widely used to convert between volumes and molar quantities.
Use ideal gas law
Therefore
is the same for both So, = same for both.
When n increases, T decreases, so, n is 1 for and 0.5 for , implying that is hotter.
The temperatures of the gases will not be equal.
The ideal gas law specifies the mechanical behavior of ideal gases. It is capable of calculating the volume of gases produced or consumed. In chemical equations, this equation is widely used to convert between volumes and molar quantities. The ideal gas law states that the pressure, temperature, and volume of gas are related to each other\(PV=nRT\)
∵V is the same for both
∴T= same for both.
When n increases, T decreases, so, n is 1 for hydrogen gas and 0.5 for oxygen gas ,implying that oxygen gas will have more temperature than hydrogen gas since its number of moles are lower than hydrogen gas.
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A compound has a molar mass of 456.18 g/mol and consists of 3.0 g of Fe and 4.81g of S. Calculate both empirical and molecular formulas.
The empirical formula is FeS2.
The molecular formula is Fe4S8.
What is empirical formula?The empirical formula of a chemical compound is described as the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound.
The empirical formula is gotten below:
Fe: 3.0 g / 55.85 g/mol = 0.0538 mol
S: 4.81 g / 32.06 g/mol = 0.1503 mol
So the mole ratio of Fe to S is 0.0538 / 0.1503 = 0.359
Rounding off to the mole ratio of Fe:S as 1:2, so the empirical formula is FeS2.
The molecular formula is gotten below:
456.18 g/mol / (55.85 g/mol + 2 x 32.06 g/mol) = 456.18 g/mol / (119.97 g/mol) = 3.81
Rounding off gives 4, so the molecular formula is Fe4S8.
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Why are small quantities of chlorofluorocarbons so harmful to the ozone layer? a. The chlorofluorocarbons act like ultraviolet radiation causing large amount of ozone to be produced. b. The chlorine from the chlorofluorocarbons reacts with free molecules of oxygen causing a stop in ozone production. c. Free oxygen atoms can replace the chlorine in chlorine monoxide, releasing a free atom of chlorine which can then recombine with an oxygen atom in ozone, destroying more ozone. d. Chlorofluorocarbons absorb ultraviolet radiation, preventing the formation of ozone.
Answer:
Why are small quantities of chlorofluorocarbons so harmful to the ozone layer? Free oxygen atoms can replace the chlorine in chlorine monoxide, releasing a free atom of chlorine which can then recombine with an oxygen atom in ozone, destroying more ozone.
Explanation:
The statement for small quantities of chlorofluorocarbons so harmful to the ozone layer is "Free oxygen atoms can replace the chlorine in chlorine monoxide, releasing a free atom of chlorine which can then recombine with an oxygen atom in ozone, destroying more ozone."
What is ozone layer?The ozone layer is a thin layer of air in the Earth's atmosphere that absorbs nearly all of the sun's damaging UV radiation.
What is CFCs?CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) are harmless and nonflammable compounds made up of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine atoms.
The earth's protective ozone layer is destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and halons, which shield the earth from damaging ultraviolet (UV-B) rays released by the sun. CFCs and HCFCs also warm the earth's lower atmosphere, causing global climate change.
When some substances are exposed to high UV radiation in the stratosphere, they emit chlorine or bromine. Ozone-depleting chemicals are compounds that contribute to ozone depletion (ODS). Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform are examples of ODS that produce chlorine. Halons and methyl bromide are two ODS that emit bromine.
Because there isn't much ozone in the atmosphere, what little there is is critical for protecting the Earth's surface from excessive UV light from the Sun. It turns out that it reacts with chlorine, which means that chlorine effectively eliminates ozone.
When the chlorine in CFCs combines with ultraviolet light, it releases chlorine, which then reacts with ozone, reducing the protection humans get from ultraviolet light, allowing more CFCs to release chlorine, and so on. Multiple ozone molecules will interact with one free chlorine atom, which is free because UV light has hit the CFC molecule. As a result, the damage it can cause is likely to be significantly more than you might imagine.
Hence the correct option is c.
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the rate constant at 325 °c for the decomposition reaction c4h8 ⟶ 2c2h4 is 6.1 × 10−8 s −1, and the activation energy is 261 kj per mol of c4h8. determine the frequency factor for the reaction.
The frequency factor for the decomposition reaction C4H8 ⟶ 2C2H4 with a rate constant of 6.1 × 10−8 s−1 at 325 °C and an activation energy of 261 kJ/mol is 2.3 × 10^12 s−1.
The frequency factor, denoted by A, can be calculated using the Arrhenius equation:
k = A * exp(-Ea/RT)
where k is the rate constant, Ea is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. We can first convert the temperature given in the question from Celsius to Kelvin:
T = 325 + 273.15 = 598.15 K
Now, we can plug in the values given in the question:
6.1 × 10−8 s−1 = A * exp(-261000 J/mol / (8.314 J/mol*K * 598.15 K))
Simplifying the right side of the equation:
6.1 × 10−8 s−1 = A * exp(-43.58)
Solving for A:
A = 6.1 × 10−8 s−1 / exp(-43.58)
A = 2.3 × 10^12 s−1
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ΔH for the reaction below is -826.0 kJ/mol. Calculate the heat change when a 69.03-g sample of iron is reacted.4Fe(s) + 3 O2(g) --> Fe2O3(s)a. - 255.2 kJb. -510.5 kJc. -1020.9 kJd. -2042 kJe. -2.851 x 10^4 kJ
Answer:
c. -1020.9 kJ
Explanation:
4Fe (s) + 3 O₂ (g) --> 2 Fe₂O₃(s) ΔH = -826.0 kJ/mol.
atomic weight of iron = 56
69.03 g = 69.03 / 56
= 1.23268 moles
Heat released by 1.23268 moles
= 1.23268 x 826.0
= -1020.9 kJ .
What is the reduction half-reaction for 2Mg + O2 → 2Mgo?
Answer:
When magnesium burns, it combines with oxygen (O2) from the air to form magnesium oxide (MgO) according to the following equation: 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) ... Thus, a reduction half reaction can be written for the O2 as it gains 4 electrons: O2(g) + 4e− → 2O.
The half-life of Radon-222 is 3.8 days. If a 10 gram sample is present, how many days will it take to have less than one gram remaining?
(alt + F4) might be the answer you are looking
Explanation:
I'm not exactly sure how I came up with this answer but it is for sure the answer
Explain how plants respond to external stimuli (including dormancy and forms of tropism) to enhance survival in an environment.
Answer:
Plants respond to changes in the environment by growing their stems, roots, or leaves toward or away from the stimulus. This response, or behavior, is called a tropism.
during the process of roasting copper(i) sulfide, how many grams of sulfur dioxide form when 10.0 mol of copper(i) sulfide reacts?
To determine the number of grams of sulfur dioxide formed when 10.0 mol of copper(I) sulfide reacts during the process of roasting, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and the molar masses of the compounds involved.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of copper(I) sulfide (Cu2S) with oxygen (O2) to form copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) is:
2 Cu2S + 3 O2 → 2 Cu2O + 2 SO2
From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of Cu2S, 2 moles of SO2 are formed.
Therefore, using the stoichiometry of the reaction:
10.0 mol Cu2S * (2 mol SO2 / 2 mol Cu2S) = 10.0 mol SO2
Next, we can calculate the mass of sulfur dioxide using the molar mass of SO2, which is approximately 64.06 g/mol:
Mass of SO2 = 10.0 mol SO2 * 64.06 g/mol
= 640.6 g
Therefore, when 10.0 mol of copper(I) sulfide reacts during roasting, approximately 640.6 grams of sulfur dioxide are formed.
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The ion that controls the widest variety of intracellular activities is __________.
A) potassium
B) sodium
C) chloride
D) calcium
Answer:
D)Calcium
Hope it help and is this the master A&P chapter 6?
According to le châtelier’s principle, the amount of solid reactant or product present does not have an impact on the equilibrium. Why?.
The concentration of solids is constant and usually taken equal to unity ,therefore it does not appear in the equilibrium constant ,so adding or removing solid has no effect. So According to Le Chatelet's Principle the amount of solid reactant or product present does not have an impact on the equilibrium
What is Le Chatelet's Principle ?
The position of the equilibrium in a chemical reaction can be predicted with the aid of Le Chatelet's Principle in response to changes in temperature, concentration, or pressure. This is crucial, especially for industrial applications where it's crucial to predict and maximize yields.
According to Le Châtelet's principle, if a dynamic equilibrium is upset by changing the conditions, the equilibrium position will move to compensate for the change and restore the equilibrium.
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Cracking of long saturated hydrocarbon chain molecule C40H82 produces 3 octane molecules and the rest as ethane molecules. How many moles of hydrogen are needed to crack one mole of this long hydrocarbon chain? Give your answer in whole numbers.
To determine the number of moles of hydrogen needed to crack one mole of the long saturated hydrocarbon chain (C40H82), we can analyze the reactants and products involved in the cracking reaction.
The cracking reaction is given as: C40H82 -> 3 C8H18 + n C2H6. From the equation, we can see that one mole of the long hydrocarbon chain (C40H82) produces three moles of octane (C8H18) and n moles of ethane (C2H6). Since the cracking process involves breaking the carbon-carbon bonds and forming new carbon-hydrogen bonds, the number of hydrogen atoms in the products should remain the same as in the reactant.
The long hydrocarbon chain (C40H82) contains 82 hydrogen atoms, and the products, 3 moles of octane (C8H18), contain (3 moles) * (18 hydrogen atoms/mole) = 54 hydrogen atoms. Therefore, the number of moles of hydrogen needed for cracking one mole of the long hydrocarbon chain can be calculated as: Number of moles of hydrogen = 82 - 54 = 28 moles. Hence, 28 moles of hydrogen are required to crack one mole of the long saturated hydrocarbon chain (C40H82).
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Larisa pumps up a soccer ball until it has a gauge pressure of 61 kilopascals. The volume of the ball is 5. 2 liters. The air temperature is 32°C, and the outside air is at standard pressure. How many moles of air are in the ball? A. 0. 13 mol B. 0. 33 mol C. 1. 2 mol D. 3. 2 mol.
Answer:
Larisa pumps up a soccer ball until it has a gauge pressure of 61 kilopascals. The volume of the ball is 5. 2 liters. The air temperature is 32°C, and the outside air is at standard pressure. How many moles of air are in the ball?
Explanation:
(b) 0.33 mol
is co2 or ch4 more closely correlated with temperature? why do you think that is?
CO2 (carbon dioxide) is more closely correlated with temperature than CH4 (methane). This is mainly because CO2 has a longer atmospheric lifetime, allowing it to have a more sustained and significant impact on global temperatures.
Additionally, CO2 is emitted in larger quantities by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, leading to a more pronounced effect on climate change. It has an atmospheric lifetime of hundreds of years, which means it remains in the atmosphere for a long time. This allows it to accumulate over time and contribute to the overall warming of the planet.
CH4, on the other hand, has an atmospheric lifetime of around 12 years, which means it breaks down more quickly and does not accumulate as much. Overall, while both CO2 and CH4 contribute to global warming, CO2 is more closely correlated with temperature due to its longer atmospheric lifetime and higher concentration in the atmosphere.
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select all of the following that are produced by one round of the krebs cycle.
A. ATP
B. NADH
C. FADH2
D. CO2
One round of the Krebs cycle produces (B) NADH (C) FADH₂ (D) CO₂. Hence, the correct options are B,C and D.
NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that will go on to produce ATP in the electron transport chain. CO2 is a waste product that is released into the atmosphere. ATP is not directly produced by the Krebs cycle, but rather by the electron transport chain, which uses the NADH and FADH2 produced by the Krebs cycle to generate ATP. The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is a series of biochemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells, as well as in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. The purpose of the Krebs cycle is to generate energy in the form of ATP, as well as to produce electron carriers such as NADH and FADH2 that will go on to generate more ATP in the electron transport chain. In the Krebs cycle, acetyl-CoA, a two-carbon molecule derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, enters the cycle and is combined with a four-carbon molecule called oxaloacetate to form citrate, a six-carbon molecule. Citrate is then converted through a series of reactions into isocitrate, which is then converted into alpha-ketoglutarate. During these reactions, CO2 is released as a waste product. Alpha-ketoglutarate is then converted into succinyl-CoA, which releases another molecule of CO2. This reaction produces a molecule of ATP as well as a molecule of the electron carrier NADH. Succinyl-CoA is then converted into succinate, which is further converted into fumarate, releasing another molecule of FADH2. Fumarate is then converted into malate, which is then converted back into oxaloacetate, which can combine with another molecule of acetyl-CoA to continue the cycle.
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Complete the following word equations
Magnesium + water
Answer:
Magnesium reacts with hot water or water vapour to form Magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Explanation:
identify the conditions for a standard electrochemical cell. select one or more: pressure of 1 atm temperature of 298 k solution concentrations of 1 m pressure of 5 atm solute masses of 1 g temperature of 273 k
The conditions for a standard electrochemical cell. select one or more : pressure of 1 atm temperature of 298 k solution concentrations of 1 M.
The electrochemical cell is the cell that is capable of generating the electrical energy from the chemical reactions or by the use of the electrical energy to cause the chemical reaction. The conditions for a standard electrochemical cell. select one or more : pressure of 1 atm temperature of 298 k solution concentrations of 1 M.
There are the two types of the electrochemical cells is as follows : the galvanic called the electrolytic cells. the galvanic cell is also called as the voltaic cell.
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5. How many grams are in 0.52 moles of H3PO4?
Answer:
50.96g
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Number of moles of H₃PO₄ = 0.52moles
Unknown:
Mass of the compound = ?
Solution:
To find the mass of the compound:
Mass = number of moles x molar mass of H₃PO₄
Molar mass of H₃PO₄ = 3(1) + 31 + 4(16) = 98g/mol
Mass = 0.52 x 98 = 50.96g
Choose the atom with:
a) Higher first ionization energy
Li and F
b) Larger atomic radius
Na ando
c) Higher electronegativity
Li and F
Answer:
a )Li
b)O
c)F
Explanation:
a) Li-1s^2 2s^1
F-1s^2 2s^2 2p^5
it is easy to pull out e- from 2p orbit than 2s because 2s orbit is close to nucleus.Therefore Li have high ionisation enthalpy
b)oxygen ion is larger than Na because o have fewer proton
c)F because it requires only 1e to achieve stable noble gas configuration.Therefore to achieve stable nobke gas electonic configuration it accept 1e.
Is water the only liquid? If not, name 5 more
Answer:
Is water the only liquid? If not, name 5 more
Water, ethanol, household bleach, blood, paint, milk, gasoline, mineral oil, acetone and butyl alcohol are examples of liquids. Liquids' properties allow them to flow or be poured easily into containers, lava
water is not the only liquid.
Answer:
apple juice, milk, smoothie, blood, urine