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What are the structures and functions of DNA

Answer:

cells

Explanation:

tissues is a group of cell with same function.

The nutrient which provide more energy is C. Lipids

Among the given options, lipids provide the most energy per unit mass. Lipids, also known as fats, are a concentrated source of energy in the diet. When metabolized, lipids yield approximately 9 kilocalories (kcal) of energy per gram.

Carbohydrates, including sugars and starches, provide approximately 4 kcal of energy per gram. They are a readily available source of energy for the body, particularly for short-term energy needs. Proteins also provide approximately 4 kcal of energy per gram. However, their primary role is not as an energy source but rather as the building blocks for tissues, enzymes, and other important molecules in the body.

Vitamins, on the other hand, do not provide significant energy. They are essential for various biochemical processes in the body but do not contribute directly to energy production.

It is important to note that while lipids provide the most energy per gram, the overall balance and variety of nutrients in a diet are crucial for maintaining optimal health. Nutrient needs vary based on individual factors, such as age, sex, activity level, and overall health goals. Therefore, Option C is correct.

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Answer:

The correct answer is - option C. The linear sequence of the base pairs .

Explanation:

The double helix structure is presented in the model which exhibits the two major and important characteristic of the DNA molecule. The first major property of the double helix model shows that each strand of the molecule acts as a template for the creation of the complimentary strand.

The second  major property is that the genetic information can be be store in the linear sequence of the nucleotide or the base pair along with the backbone of the molecule.

Thus, the correct answer is - option C. The linear sequence of the base pairs .

Answer: At high altitude the body will get prepared for marathon.

Explanation:

The human body is able to adapt the high altitude by long-term and immediate acclimatization.  At high altitude the lack of oxygen is sensed at the carotid arteries. It causes the increase in rate of breathing or hyperpnea.

In addition at high altitude the heart beats faster, gradually the body will also compensate itself for low availability of oxygen and get prepared for marathon.

Answer: D) The response is determined by the quality of the social environment.

Explanation: Social cognitive theory considers the unique way in which individuals acquire and maintain behavior. While also considering the social environment in which individuals perform the behavior.

Cell division follows a pre-designed program due to differential gene expression, whereas uncontrolled division leads to cancer.

Cell differentiation is the gene expression process that leads to the development of specialized cell types.

Cancer cells are specific cells that divide in an uncontrolled manner and thus they can generate tumors.

In conclusion, cell division follows a pre-designed program due to differential gene expression, whereas uncontrolled division leads to cancer.

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The Gibbs free energy available to do work for the reaction is approximately -15,427.20 kJ, rounded to two decimal places.

To calculate the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) available to do work for the given reaction, we need to use the formula:

ΔG = -nFΔE

where ΔE is the potential difference, n is the number of electrons transferred, and F is the Faraday constant (96.5 kJ/(mol e- × V)).

First, let's calculate the ΔE for the reaction by subtracting the reduction potential of the anode (NH4+ to NO2-) from the reduction potential of the cathode (O2 to H2O):

ΔE = E(cathode) - E(anode)

= (+0.82 V) - (+0.34 V)

= +0.48 V

Next, we need to balance the full reaction to determine the number of electrons transferred (n) when 440 moles of NH4+ are oxidized. The balanced equation is as follows:

8NH4+ + 6O2 -> 8H2O + 6NO3- + 16H+

From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 8 moles of NH4+ oxidized, 6 moles of electrons are transferred.

So, the number of electrons transferred (n) when 440 moles of NH4+ are oxidized can be calculated as:

n = (6 mol e- / 8 mol NH4+) × 440 mol NH4+

= 330 mol e-

Therefore, when 440 moles of NH4+ are oxidized, 330 moles of electrons are transferred.

Now, let's substitute the values into the equation:

ΔG = -nFΔE

= -(330 mol e-) × (96.5 kJ/(mol e- × V)) × (+0.48 V)

Calculating this expression, we find:

ΔG ≈ -15,427.20 kJ

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Here the physical changes are seen in the burning candle, cooling candle, tearing paper, wet paper, salt, and water in the test tube, while the chemical reactions are involved in the burning of the paper and the mixing of the vinegar with soda.

The physical change is the change in form, such as when the candle is burned or cooled down, then the wax that is formed has the same properties as the candle, or the paper pieces after being torn have the same properties. Chemical changes involve the formation of new things, such as when paper is burnt, this produces ash with a different chemical nature, and when the vinegar and soda is mixed, it produces a different product.

Hence, here the physical changes are seen in the burning candle, cooling candle, tearing paper, wet paper, salt, and water in the test tube, while the chemical reactions are involved in the burning of the paper and the mixing of the vinegar with soda.

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Answer:

Stage Days (approx)    Events

1          1 (week 1)          fertilized oocyte, zygote, pronuclei

2         2 - 3          morula cell division with reduction in cytoplasmic volume, blastocyst formation of inner and outer cell mass

3 4 - 5 loss of zona pellucida, free blastocyst

4 5 - 6 attaching blastocyst

Explanation:

I hope this helps!

Answer:

In order for animals to successfully be able to go through photosynthesis,

Explanation:

animals would need a chloroplast since photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of plant cells.

In the high school population of 3,000 students, 2,117 students were homozygous Rh positive (AA), 806 students were heterozygous (Aa), and 77 students were homozygous Rh negative (aa).

Given:

Population size: 3,000 students

Rh negative population frequency: 16% (0.16)

From the Hardy-Weinberg equation.

p: frequency of the dominant Rh positive allele

q: frequency of the recessive Rh negative allele

We know that p + q = 1

p = 1 - q = 1 - 0.16 = 0.84.

The expected frequencies of the three genotypes are:

Homozygous Rh positive (AA): p² = (0.84)² = 0.7056

Heterozygous (Aa): 2pq = 2 ₓ 0.84 ₓ 0.16 = 0.2688

Homozygous Rh negative (aa): q² = (0.16)² = 0.0256

Homozygous Rh-positive: 0.7056 ₓ 3,000 = 2,116.8 (approximately 2,117 students)

Heterozygous: 0.2688 ₓ 3,000 = 806.4

Homozygous Rh negative: 0.0256 ₓ 3,000 = 76.8

Sickle-Cell Anemia in a Newborn Population:

Given:

Population size: 10,000 newborn babies

Sickle-cell anemia frequency: 4% (0.04)

p: frequency of the dominant normal allele

q: frequency of the recessive sickle-cell allele

p + q = 1

p = 1 - q = 1 - 0.04 = 0.96.

The expected frequencies of the three genotypes are:

Homozygous normal (AA): p²= (0.96)² = 0.9216

Heterozygous (Aa): 2pq = 2 ₓ 0.96 ₓ 0.04 = 0.0768

Homozygous sickle-cell (aa): q² = (0.04)² = 0.0016

Homozygous normal: 0.9216 ₓ 10,000 = 9,216

Heterozygous: 0.0768 ₓ 10,000 = 768

Homozygous sickle-cell: 0.0016 × 10,000 = 16

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The data shows a significant decrease in grizzly bear deaths from 581 in the earlier period to 281 in the later period.

The information about grizzly bear deaths in Alberta from 1976 to 1988 and from 1988 to 2000 affects the prediction made in question 1 by providing additional data points and context.This decrease in grizzly bear deaths suggests a possible declining trend in the population. If the overall trend continues, it is reasonable to assume that the population has decreased further since 2000.

Taking this new information into account, the prediction made in question 1 should be revised. Instead of assuming a stable population or a slight increase, it would be more accurate to predict a decline in the grizzly bear population in Alberta. However, it is important to note that additional factors, such as conservation efforts or changes in habitat, should also be considered to gain a comprehensive understanding of the population dynamics.

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Answer:

1. The single-celled organism that is animal and plant-like is called a Protist. Number in the top left corner on the back side of this sheet = 4.

2. There are six kingdoms.

3. The first organisms on Earth belonged to the Prokaryotes kingdom.

4. True bacteria are in the Prokaryotes kingdom.

5. Paramecium and Euglena belong to the Protista kingdom.

6. A protist that changes shape constantly and flows around its food to engulf it is called an amoeba.

7. Fungi, molds and yeast belong to the Fungi kingdom.

8. Organisms with cellulose in their cell walls are found in the Plantae kingdom.

9. The kingdoms that have organisms that are multi-cellular are Animalia, Plantae and Fungi.

10. The Animalia kingdom includes sea anemones, snails, humans, insects and birds.

Due to the global warming, the temperatures in the Arctic will continue to rise causing the ice sheets to melt and because of that polar bears and other animals might face extinction.

Global warming as well as other environmental changes in the Arctic are having a crucial impact on the stability of the fragile Arctic ecosystem.  As the Arctic continues to warm up, ice sheets will keep melting at an accelerating rate. This can possibly have a major impact on the ecosystem, as many of the species, including polar bears as well as the seals, depend on the ice for their survival.

As the Arctic continues to warm, the sea ice is melting at an accelerating rate. This can have a major impact on the ecosystem, as many species, depend on the ice for their survival.

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Answer:

(look at explanation)

Explanation:

Cardiac muscle tissue works to keep your heart pumping through involuntary movements. This is one feature that differentiates it from skeletal muscle tissue, which you can control. It does this through specialized cells called pacemaker cells. These control the contractions of your heart.

Cardiac muscle causes movement in the heart.

A cardiac muscle is the type of muscle found only in the heart. It is also called the myocardium.

The cardiac muscles are only located in the heart because they are made up of features that are specialized in pumping blood powerfully and efficiently. These features include:

Therefore, cardiac muscle causes movement in the heart.

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Answer:

B. The color of fire when different metals are burned.

Explanation:

Because qualitative is the information no releated with numbers

The circulatory system delivers essential nutrients, including air, throughout the body to circuit current operations and supply energy. The digestive system processes nutrients obtained from food and absorbed them into the bloodstream.

When food is processed by the digestive system, nutrients are extracted, including oxygen. This oxygen is then absorbed via the small intestine walls and into the circulatory system. The arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the capillaries that encircle muscle cells. Here, oxygen diffuses past the delicate capillary walls to the muscle fibers, when it is used for cellular respiration, the process by which energy is produced.

The mouth, pharynx (throat), oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, & anus are all parts of the digestive system. Salivary glands, the liver, gallbladder, and the pancreas are also included since they produce digestive juices & enzymes that aid the body in breaking down food and liquids.

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The organs associated with balance are located in the inner ear, being the vestibular system the organ that is linked to that function.

Explanation:

Semi-conductive describes a component which conducts electricity less well than a good conductor but better than an insulator.

The hose should be semi-conductive, with a resistance high enough to insulate a stray current but conductive enough to get rid of static charge build-up.

Carbon black can be used to lower the resistivity of plastics, imparting antistatic, semi-conductive, or conductive properties.

Semi-conductive describes a component which conducts electricity less well than a good conductor but better than an insulator.

The trend that is evident is: Initially, there seems to be support for Mel's hypothesis, but the gold data is not consistent with the predicted trend.

Option C is correct.

The data for zinc, nickel, copper, and silver shows that as the density increases, the melting point tends to increase.

From the data we can see , the data for gold does not follow this trend, as its density is lower than silver but its melting point is higher.

Therefore, while there is some initial support for Mel's hypothesis, the inconsistency with gold indicates  that the relationship between density and melting point is not solely determined by density.

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Restriction enzyme BamHI and EcoRI will cut the plasmid at its respective sites i.e BamHI and EcoRI site mentioned in above diagram.

(I)EcoRI only-it will cut the plasmid at EcoRI site which is only one in the above plasmid.So the circular plasmid will converted into a linear one with same size i.e (4+2.5+3.5)kb=10kb

(II)BamHI only-it will cut the plasmid at two BamHI site present on the plasmid resulting into 2 fragment of plasmid having size 3.5kb and 6.5kb(4kb+2.5kb).

(III)Both BamHI and EcoRI will cut the plasmid at their respective sites (3 sites-one EcoRI and two BamHI sites) resulting into 3 fragments of plasmid having size 4kb,2.5kb and 3.5kb.

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In order to move with their gradient, the ions would be moving from where there are more of them to where there are less of them, trying to create a balance in both areas concentration. But the image shows that the potassium ions are in less concentration outside the cell and, still, they are moving into the cell. So it is moving agains its gradient, and A is incorrect.

The sodium ions are moving to the outside of the cell, as shown in the two first proteins that are crossing the membrane. As they are not moving into the cell, B is incorrect too.

Potassium ions are moving into the cell, but not via simple diffusion. Simple diffusion occurs when the ions move into or to the outside of the cell with no "help", only because of the gradient of concentration. In this case, potassium ions are moving against their gradient. Therefore, C is incorrect as well.

There are more sodium ions outside of the cell than inside. Still, sodium ions keep moving from the inside to the outside. Therefore, they are moving against their gradient.

So the correct answer is D. sodium ions to move against their gradient.

A gene can be described as being made up of DNA and it contains the instructions which are required for the building of the proteins.

The correct option is option C.

Genes are basically considered as the the functional units of heredity as they are basically composed of DNA, which is the nucleic acid responsible of the transmission of information from one generation to the other generation.

The chromosomes which are present in our body are basically made up of DNA which contain a number of genes. Each of the gene basically comprises of certain set of instructions which are required in order to perform a particular function or codes for some proteins.

Hence, the correct option is option C.

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Explanation:

Answers:

2. build the structures of your body

3. enzymes to make chemical reactions go faster

5. make antibodies to fight viruses

The functions of proteins are:

Proteins are organic macromolecules made up of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. They have a complex and diverse structure and play many essential roles in the body. Some of the properties of proteins include:

Structural diversity: Proteins have a highly diverse structure, which is important for their many functions.

Amino acid composition: Proteins are made up of different combinations of 20 different amino acids.

Size: Proteins can vary greatly in size, from small peptides to large multi-subunit complexes.

Shape: Proteins can have complex 3D shapes that are critical to their function.

Solubility: Proteins can be either soluble or insoluble in water, depending on their structure and composition.

Stability: Proteins can be stable or unstable under certain conditions, such as changes in temperature, pH, or salt concentration.

Function: Proteins have a wide range of functions in the body, including structural support, enzyme catalysis, transport, and communication.

Denaturation: Proteins can lose their structure and function when exposed to certain physical or chemical conditions, a process known as denaturation.

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Answer:

Explan

Method. The leaf of a variegated Pelargonium is dropped in boiling water to kill and preserve it. The leaf is left for 10 minutes in hot ethanol in a boiling tube to remove chlorophyll. The leaf is dipped in boiling water to soften it. The leaf is spread out in a Petri dish and covered with iodine solution.ation:

Answer:

Initial Vision Step Location

Dipin Ghimire

1. Where does the initial step in vision occur? Optic nerve Ganglion cell Retina OVisual cortex

The initial step in vision occurs in the retina, which is a layer of tissue at the back of the eye that contains light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors. When light enters the eye, it is absorbed by the photoreceptors, which convert it into electrical signals. These signals are then transmitted to other cells in the retina, such as ganglion cells, which transmit the signals to the brain via the optic nerve. The visual cortex, which is located in the brain, processes these signals to create the visual images that we see.

Dipin Ghimire

similar between skin cell and fat cell

Both skin cells and fat cells are types of cells that are found in the human body. Some of the similarities between these two types of cells include:

Both skin cells and fat cells are made up of cell membranes, cytoplasm, and nuclei.

Both types of cells contain organelles such as mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.

Both skin cells and fat cells are capable of dividing and reproducing to maintain the integrity and function of the tissues in which they are found.

Both skin cells and fat cells are essential for the proper functioning of the body and play important roles in maintaining health and well-being.

Here, the hypothesis is "plants communicate with their neighbors in response to stress", dependent variable is the amount of the stress hormone in the plants, and the independent variable is the exposure to stress (applied 3 times a day for 10 days), standardized variables are plants used, duration of the stressor, amount of stress hormone. The control group is the plant that is not exposed to stressor.

Here, the control group is the group of plants that are not exposed to stress, and the control groups plants are experimented or tested with the other plants to get the result of the stress hormone on the plants.

Hence, here, the hypothesis is "plants communicate with their neighbors in response to stress", dependent variable is the amount of the stress hormone in the plants, and the independent variable is the exposure to stress (applied 3 times a day for 10 days), standardized variables are plants used, duration of the stressor, amount of stress hormone. The control group is the plant that is not exposed to stressor.

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Answer:

the pericardial cavity

Answer:

Molecule

Explanation:

A molecule is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist independently.