If in the sterilization process half a population of bacteria were killed in the first minute, what proportion of the remaining population would be killed in the second minute?

A mutation that changes the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein by substitution is called a missense mutation.

Missense mutation is a type of point mutation that affects the protein structure. This type of mutation changes a single amino acid in a protein sequence. Missense mutations can affect the way a protein works by altering its three-dimensional shape, causing the protein to lose its ability to function properly.

The missense mutation is a genetic change that leads to the replacement of one amino acid in the protein with a different one. This change may cause the protein to lose its biological activity and may lead to the development of a disease. Missense mutation occurs when a single nucleotide substitution changes the codon, leading to the formation of a different amino acid.

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Answer:

I believe the answer is 7

Answer:

Food chains?

Explanation:

Predator and preys

Answer:

1. Predation 2. Parasitic 3. Competition 4. Symbiosis  5. Mutualism

Explanation:

Predation- Predator hunting prey Ex: lions hunting gazelle

Parasitic- One organism benefits while the other is harmed Ex: Lice eating Hair

Competition- Organisms fighting over reasources  Ex: Hippos fighting for space

Symbiosis- Two unalike organisms form a bond where they both benefit Ex: Birds eating ticks off buffalo.

Mutualism- Two organisms benefit from each other Ex: whale shark getting cleaned by remora fish which get a meal.

The given statement "To generate a knockout mouse cell line, the best strategy is to use the base excision repair pathway" is false. A knockout mouse is a genetically modified mouse that is missing one or more genes to investigate their function.

The gene that has been knocked out is called a knockout gene. Knockout mice are useful for studying the role of genes in physiology, development, and disease, as well as for validating the therapeutic potential of novel drugs. Knockout mice can be generated through various methods, including homologous recombination, gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9, and gene trapping. These methods all aim to disrupt the function of a specific gene within the mouse genome. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is one of many DNA repair pathways present in cells, which repairs DNA damage caused by the modification of a single nucleotide in the DNA chain.

Base excision repair pathway is not a strategy used to generate knockout mouse cell lines. Although it can be employed to introduce mutations into a specific gene in the mouse genome. The strategy to generate knockout mouse cell lines is homologous recombination, which is the insertion of a modified DNA sequence into the mouse genome, resulting in the disruption of a specific gene's function.

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Explanation:

The linear sequence of amino acids within a protein is considered the primary structure of the protein. Proteins are built from a set of only twenty amino acids, each of which has a unique side chain. The side chains of amino acids have different chemistries.For example, structural proteins maintain cell shape, akin to a skeleton, and they compose structural elements in connective tissues like cartilage and bone in vertebrates. Enzymes are another type of protein, and these molecules catalyze the biochemical reactions that occur in cells.

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Answer:C

Explanation:

A hormone binds a nuclear receptor and increases transcription, DNA produces mRNA. This is because nuclear receptors are found in the nucleus and regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences and increasing the transcription of genes.

The hormone-receptor complex enters the nucleus and binds to specific DNA sequences called hormone response elements (HREs).

This binding activates transcription factors that recruit RNA polymerase to the gene, resulting in the production of mRNA.

In summary, the binding of a hormone to a nuclear receptor results in the activation of transcription factors, which increase the transcription of specific genes by binding to HREs on DNA and producing mRNA. This process is slower than when a hormone binds to a membrane-bound receptor, but can have longer-lasting effects on the cell's behavior. The size and solubility of the hormone can vary, but many hormones that bind to nuclear receptors are large and hydrophobic.

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Un metal sólido no flota sobre su correspondiente fundido poque es mas denso que el mismo.

Que una sustancia flote en otra depende de sus densidades. La densidad es el cociente entre la masa y el volumen de un objeto. Los objetos menos denso flotan en los mas densos.

En general, los sólidos son mas densos que los líquidos, y estos que los gases. Esto se debe a las fuerzas de atracción que hacen que la misma masa ocupe menos volumen en el caso de los sólidos. Este es el caso de los metales sólidos que no flotan en su correspondiente fundido.

El hielo flotando sobre el agua es una excepción a esta regla general. El puente de hidrógeno en el agua hace que este tenga mas volumen que el liquido y por lo tanto sea menos denso.

Un metal sólido no flota sobre su correspondiente fundido poque es mas denso que el mismo.

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Answer: Aluminum

Explanation:

The normal Aluminum is 13p+ and 13n. (13+13)

===> Aluminum-26 (or we just call it Aluminum)

This one has 13p+ and 14n. (13+14)

===> Aluminum-27

In contrast to the transporters, the channel proteins present in the cellular membrane can only mediate passive transport.

Active transport is a type of transport which requires energy for the movement of molecules through the cellular membrane whereas passive transport is a type of transport in which there is no expenditure of energy when the molecules are transported across the cell membrane.

All channel proteins present in the cellular membrane and many of the  carrier proteins allow solutes to cross the membrane only via passive transport or facilitated diffusion. This is because the substances can only move through these channel proteins along the concentration gradient.

Hence, the correct option is b. can only mediate passive transport.

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Answer:

Proteins

Explanation:

Wholemeal bread is a rich source of carbohydrates and protein along with unsaturated fats, vitamins and minerals. Hope this helps.

The proteins are involved in every function inside the body. These include catalysis, transport, signaling, hormones, protection against pathogens, structural components and so forth.

Proteins are the biomolecules present inside the body. These are made by the monomers called amino acids which are the organic substances. The proteins are synthesized in the ribosome present in the cell's cytoplasm through the process called translation. The information of the synthesis of protein comes from the DNA.

Catalysis is the process of increasing the rate of chemical reaction inside the body. This process is accomplished by the help of enzymes which are the biological catalysts made from proteins. The enzymes do so by lowering down the activation energy of the chemical reactions.

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The given question in English language is:

What are the main functions that proteins fulfill in our body?

When a neuron is at resting potential, Na+ ions are strongly attracted across the cell membrane due to the electrochemical gradient created by the unequal distribution of ions and the presence of ion channels.

The resting potential of a neuron is characterized by a negative charge inside the cell compared to the outside. This is primarily maintained by the Na+/K+ ATPase pump, which actively transports Na+ ions out of the cell and K+ ions into the cell, creating an imbalance in their concentrations.

The strong attraction of Na+ ions across the cell membrane occurs due to two factors: the concentration gradient and the electrical gradient. The concentration gradient is established by the higher concentration of Na+ ions outside the cell compared to the inside. The electrical gradient is generated by the negative charge inside the cell, creating a positive charge outside, resulting in an electrical potential difference across the membrane.

These combined gradients cause Na+ ions to be attracted towards the inside of the cell. However, the resting membrane potential is maintained due to the presence of voltage-gated sodium channels that are closed at rest, preventing a massive influx of Na+ ions.

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Explanation:

Gene therapy is a promising technology that has the potential to treat genetic disorders by replacing, removing, or modifying genes.

Why is this technology important to the advancement of science?

Gene therapy is important to the advancement of science because it provides a novel approach to treating genetic diseases that have previously been untreatable. By directly manipulating the genetic code of an individual, it is possible to address the root cause of many genetic disorders, potentially leading to improved outcomes for patients.

What does this new technology allow - what doors are open because of this technology?

Gene therapy allows for the possibility of treating genetic disorders that were previously thought to be incurable. It also allows for more targeted and personalized treatment approaches, as gene therapy can be tailored to an individual's specific genetic makeup. This technology opens the doors for developing more effective treatments for a wide range of genetic disorders.

How does this technology affect society?

Gene therapy has the potential to improve the lives of millions of people around the world who suffer from genetic diseases. This technology could reduce the burden of disease on individuals, families, and healthcare systems. However, there are also ethical and societal concerns around the use of gene therapy, such as issues related to access, cost, and potential unintended consequences of genetic manipulation.

Include a picture that illustrates your point:

[Picture of a DNA double helix with a medical symbol in the center to represent gene therapy]

Answer:

Gene therapy is a groundbreaking technology that has the potential to revolutionize healthcare. It involves the use of genetic material to treat or prevent diseases. This technology is important to the advancement of science because it allows researchers to identify and correct genetic mutations that cause diseases.

1. Why is this technology important to the advancement of science?

Ans:

Gene therapy is important to the advancement of science because it allows researchers to study the effects of specific genes on the body and to develop new treatments for genetic diseases. This technology also provides a better understanding of gene function and regulation, which can lead to the development of new drugs and therapies.

2. What does this new technology allow- what doors are open because of this technology?

Ans:

Gene therapy allows for the development of personalized medicine, where treatments are tailored to an individual's genetic makeup. It also enables the treatment of rare diseases that affect a small percentage of the population. This technology opens doors to the development of new treatments for diseases that were previously untreatable or incurable.

3. How does this technology affect society?

Ans: Gene therapy has the potential to significantly impact healthcare and society as a whole. It could lead to the eradication of genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia, and reduce the prevalence of other diseases, such as cancer. However, there are also concerns about the ethics of gene therapy, including the potential for misuse and the possibility of creating "designer babies."

4: Include a picture that illustrates your point.

Ans: See atachment

For each glucose that enters glycolysis, 6 nadh + h+ are produced by the citric acid cycle.

Between glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation (the citric acid cycle): Pyruvates from glycolysis enter the mitochondrion's inner chamber. Two NADH are produced after one carbon atom is removed.

Three NADH molecules are the solution. One Acetyl CoA molecule is needed for one cycle or turn of the citric acid cycle. The biological pathway will finally result in the production of three NADH molecules, one FADH2 molecule, and one ATP molecule. During the route, carbon dioxide molecules are also released.

Not producing adenosine 5′-triphosphate is not the primary goal of glycolysis; rather, it is to produce pyruvate for the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) cycle. By raising the proportion of NADH, a reduced form of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), to NAD+, the glycolytic synthesis of pyruvate lowers the cytosol.

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1-metaphase, since an ecuatorial plate is formed

2.prophase since the nuclear envelope is starting to dissapear

3.Telophase since new nucleae started to form around each separated genetic material

4.Interphase

5.Interphase

6.Interphase

7.anaphase since genetic material(chromsomes) is pulled to the poles of the cell

8.Interphase

9.Anaphase

10.Interphase

11.metaphase

12.telophase

13.Interphase

14.Prophase

15.interphase

16.interphase

17.metaphase

18.interphase

According to the 10% energy rule, the snake will have only 250 energy units within their trophic level upon consuming the rabbit with 2500 energy units.

The 10% energy rule states that when an organism feeds upon another organism, it obtains only 10% of the organism's energy. Thus, the energy transfer from one trophic level to another is only 10%. This is the reason why the snake will have only 250 energy units upon consuming the rabbit.

Trophic level can be defined as the hierarchical levels of the ecosystem or food chain. According to the food chain and ecosystem, the trophic level of a specific organism can keep changing. Thus, there are no fixed levels of any organism.

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Capillary action is the process by which a liquid flows through a confined space unaided or indeed against external forces similar as graveness. This is option A.

Capillary action the process by which soil humidity can move in any direction through the fine pores( i.e., capillaries) of the soil under the influence of face pressure forces between water and soil patches.

capillary action is important for the movement of water. It's the movement of water in and out of the cellular structure that deposits vitamins, nutrients and essential blood tube.

Without this inflow, your body cells would not be rehydrated and essential body- brain communication would be braked down.

Question

The movement of water through the ground and water confined in a spherical tube is a universal miracle. what kind of miracle is this

A) Capillary action

B) air pressure

C) vacuum suction

D) face pressure

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Answer:

you have to ask

Explanation:

Answer

Complex barrier to the flow of substances out of the cells,and restrictions to inflow of unwanted substances into the cells. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic nature of the cell membrane controls the entry of substances from the extracellular medium into the intracellualr. In addition the polarity restricts certain substance movement across the walls.

Serve as the selective channels  for the  influx of certain substances into the cells, and the out flux of wastes.This is through ion channels for the movements of ions across.

Provide insulation to the cells,to maintain the constant internal temperature,this is through the presence of lipids as( Phospholipids and cholesterol).The latter prevent the clogging of the lipids in the cell membrane therefore preventing frozen up of the cell membrane,providing insulation.

Separation of metabolic process in the cell.

Explanation:

Cell membrane-This is present in all cells.But the variation of its constituents makes it unique to each cell. Although it performs the same role, the location and role the cells it bounded, reflects its  constituents, it is made up of lipids, carbohydrate, protein and cholesterol

When non-native species are introduced to an environment, they (c) compete with native species and can cause a decline in native species.

When non-native species are introduced to a new environment, they can compete with native species for resources such as food, water, and habitat. Non-native species may have a competitive advantage over native species, as they may not have natural predators or competitors in their new environment.

In some cases, non-native species can also introduce diseases or parasites to native populations that they are not equipped to handle, further harming their populations. This can have ripple effects throughout the ecosystem, as native species may play critical roles in maintaining ecological balance and supporting other species.

Therefore, the correct option is C. Non-native species compete with native species and can cause a decline in native species.

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Answer: they grow bigger and stick together

Explanation:

What describe how bacteria recycle matter in an ecosystem is that Bacteria break down organic debris to recycle nutrients in the ecosystem.

Recycling is the process where wastes are collected and are break down into smaller and new pieces by microorganisms such as bacteria to form new product that are effective,healthy and use ful to the ecosystem.

Therefore, What describe how bacteria recycle matter in an ecosystem is that Bacteria break down organic debris to recycle nutrients in the ecosystem.

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Answer:

When exposed to high temperatures, fluorotelomers break down into PFOA(Perfluorooctanoic acid), a compound transmitted directly to the fetus which has been linked to developmental problems, as well as cancer, liver disease, and thyroid disease

Explanation:

Carbon is an important element that is necessary for the development and growth of the living organisms. It makes up the structure of living organisms.

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The fiber that transmits signals away from the cell body of a neuron is referred to as an axon in the context of the fibers that extend from the neuron.

Each neuron in your brain has a single, long cable that protrudes from the cell's center. The place where a neuron's electric signals leave the cell to also be picked up by neighbouring cells is an axon, a cable that is considerably thinner than a human hair.

Axons come in two varieties: myelinated and unmyelinated. In the central and peripheral nervous systems, glial cells myelinate an axon. Glial cells of the type known as Schwann cells are present in the peripheral nervous system.

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Answer:

D, blockade

Explanation: