In Justice O’Connor view, if Alabama legislature had not related the moment of silence law to religion, do you think she would have declared it unconstitutional?

Answers

Answer 1

It did not satisfy the requirement of "actual malice," which requires either a reckless disregard for the truth or knowledge of a statement's falsity.

What is the purpose of the silence?

A moment of silence is a quiet time when people gather to silently think and reflect. It's a chance to remember and honor the dead. When commemorating natural disasters, tragic events, terrorist acts, or individual deaths, silences have become commonplace.

Why did Alabama pass a law requiring a moment of silence?

"The message of the law actually conveyed to students and teachers that "prayer was the endorsed activity during the state-prescribed moment of silence," and was thus "conveying a message .

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Related Questions

history
What was Sigmund Freud’s model of the human mind? How did it
function? What was the origin of neurosis and pathological behavior
for Freud? How did he propose to treat it?

Answers

Sigmund Freud's model of the human mind, known as the psychoanalytic model, consisted of three main components: the id, the ego, and the superego. The id represented the primitive and instinctual drives, seeking immediate gratification.

According to Freud, the origin of neurosis and pathological behavior stemmed from unresolved conflicts and repressed desires in the unconscious mind. These conflicts often emerged from early childhood experiences, particularly related to psychosexual development. Freud believed that when these conflicts were not adequately resolved, they could lead to psychological distress and manifest as neurotic symptoms or pathological behavior.

To treat neurosis and pathological behavior, Freud developed a therapeutic technique known as psychoanalysis.  The goal of psychoanalysis was to help patients resolve their unconscious conflicts and achieve a healthier psychological state.

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China’s economy is growing at a very rapid pace. Why are entrepreneurs important in the growth and transition of China’s economy from one that was more government controlled to one that is more business owner driven?

Answers

Answer: Entrepreneurs start businesses with thousands of employees that lift up the economy by paying taxes and buying other regular things.

Explanation:

In this unit, you learned about the development of the world's first great civilizations. What traits did these civilizations have in common? In what ways did they differ? Do you think there are certain traits or conditions that were necessary for the development of these civilizations? Why?

Answers

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

We are talking about the first civilizations that appeared on planet Earth. These were the Sumerians (the oldest civilization of all), the Egyptians, and the people from the Indus Valley.

What traits did these civilizations have in common?

These civilizations started to form when humans stopped to be nomads and started to develop agriculture techniques. Instead of continuing to follow herds to hunt animals to feed their families, they started to settle in specific regions to grow crops.

In what ways did they differ?

In the ways the started to develop, according to the circumstances and the characteristics of the region they settle in. For instance, the Sumerians settled in the middle of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, in the Middle East region. They learned how to use the flooding of these rivers to grow crops and build important city-states such as Kish, Uriu, Lagasg, or Ur. Ancient Egypt developed in the Nile River banks. They had a different social hierarchy than the Sumerians and developed crop techniques to take advantage of different seasons in the desert.

Do you think there are certain traits or conditions that were necessary for the development of these civilizations?

Yes, the most important was the Agriculture or Neolithic Revolution in which humans of these civilizations had to learn agriculture techniques to grow the kinds of crops that allowed them to survive and prosper under different harsh conditions.

The development of the first great civilizations had some similar traits as they had cities, laws and social structures.

Ancient CivilizationsThe first great civilizations are Mesopotamia, the Indus valley, Egypt, and China.Early civilizations were different because of geographical conditions that allowed them to flourish depending on the resources.Old civilizations needed a suitable geographical and regular supply of water to survive.After settling in one place, they practice agriculture and slowly built cities, and economic activities increased.

Therefore we can conclude that there were certain similarities between the old civilizations and followed certain traits for the development of these civilizations.

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what did persian letters teach us about parisian society that helps us see how the french revolution took place?

Answers

He had used the fictitious letter of a Persian traveller to Paris in the Persian Letters (1721) to mock both the church and the society on which it seemed to force itself so shamelessly.

Two Iranian noblemen travel to Europe in search of enlightenment in this vividly evocative novel-in-letters, which is set in modern-day Iran. They send letters home while on the road to their wives, the eunuchs in the harem, and friends in France and other countries. In contrast to the freer, more civilised West, their colourful observations on the cultural differences between the East and the West conjure up Eastern sensuality, repression, and cruelty. Here, however, unworthy nobles and bishops, frivolous women in fashion, and conceited people of all kinds are also satirised.

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What would happen if your organ systems stopped functioning properly​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

All of the organ systems of the body work together to maintain homeostasis of the organism. If homeostasis fails, death or disease may result.

In 1942, members of four tribes started the _______________ movement. Their goal was to gain Kenya's independence.

Answers

In 1942, the members of four tribes started the Mau Mau movement in Kenya and their goal was to gain Kenya's independence.

Kenya is a country located in the continent of Africa. Kenya was under British colonization since almost 1885. The people in Kenya were being ruled by the British Empire where Africans and Asians were banned from political participation.

So, in 1942 the members of four tribes in Kenya started the Mau Mau movement. The four tribes that started the Mau Mau movement are Kikuyu, Meru, Embu, and Kamba tribes. The main aim of this movement is resistance to British colonization. Many leaders and people were arrested in this movement and were held in prison for years.

During this movement, the participation of Africans and Asians in politics gradually increased. Finally, Kenya got its full independence from the British Empire on December 12, 1963.

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In 1942, members of the Kikuyu, Embu, Meru, and Kamba tribes started the Mau Mau movement. Their goal was to gain Kenya's independence.

The Mau Mau movement was a response to decades of British colonialism in Kenya, which had resulted in the dispossession of native people from their land, the exploitation of their labor, and the suppression of their culture and political aspirations.

The Mau Mau fighters sought to reclaim their land, independence, and freedom, and to challenge the British colonial system.

The Mau Mau movement was initially peaceful, with the protesters using petitions and other non-violent means to demand their rights.

However, as the British authorities responded with violence and repression, the Mau Mau fighters turned to armed resistance, using guerrilla tactics to attack British targets and sabotage colonial infrastructure.

The Mau Mau movement was a significant challenge to British colonial rule in Kenya and led to a brutal conflict that lasted for nearly a decade. The British authorities responded with overwhelming force, declaring a state of emergency in 1952 and deploying thousands of troops to suppress the rebellion.

Mau Mau fighters were subject to brutal torture, detention without trial, and extrajudicial killings, while the British government used propaganda to justify its actions to the international community.

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The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Which of the following was not one of the writers of the Federalist
Papers?
John Jay
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
James Madison

Answers

Federalist Papers, Articles about the Constitution written by John Jay, James Madison, and ... Alexander Hamilton author of the Federalist Papers ... Hamilton, a firm believer in the Constitution, wrote in Federalist No.

The Federalist Papers are a collection of 85 articles and papers produced under the pen name "Publius" by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to urge passage of the US Constitution.

Option C is correct as he was the only one who was not the writer of the Federalist paper.

The other Options are incorrect as:

Option A is incorrect as Jay was a member of the Continental Congress, a diplomat, and the first Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He also composed some of The Federalist Papers.

Option B is incorrect as among the 85 articles 51 of them were written by Hamilton.

Option D is incorrect as among the 85 articles 29 of them were written by Madison.

Thus Option C is the only one who is not a writer of Federalist paper.

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What resulted from the closing of the Bank of the United States?

Answers

Answer:

When its charter expired in 1836, the Second Bank ended its operations as a national institution. It was reestablished as a commercial bank under the laws of Pennsylvania, where it continued to operate until its failure in 1841.

the events that occurred as a result of the closing of the Second National Bank. After the Second National Bank closed, smaller state and private banks failed, land values decreased, people lost their jobs, and an economic depression began.

Which old testament promises and covenants are fulfilled in luke 1 and 2

Answers

The old testament promises and covenants which are fulfilled in Luke 1 and 2 is the birth of Jesus, the Messiah of the world.

What informs the book of Luke 1 and 2?

The New Testament proclaims that all God’s covenant promises are fulfiled in and through Jesus (Luke 1:54–55,69–75), the long-awaited Davidic Messiah (Luke 2:11). As the royal offspring of David (Luke 1:27,32–33; 2:4), Jesus also fulfills the role of Isaiah’s servant not only in redeeming Israel (Luke 2:38) but also by mediating God’s blessing to an international community of faith.

Therefore, the correct answer is as given above. the old testament promises and covenants which are fulfilled in Luke 1 and 2 is the birth of Jesus, the Messiah of the world and his lineage.

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What do followers of Shintoism believe about gods?

Answers

Answer: They believe in lots of gods (pantheism) and they are animist meaning that they believe that gods inhabit everything. also called nature religion

Answer:

They believe in lots of gods (pantheism) and they are animist meaning that they believe that gods inhabit everything. also called nature religion

Explanation:

Freedom of Speech is included in which amendment?

(1st 2nd or 3rd)

Answers

Answer:

the first admendment

Explanation:

It’s the 1st amendment

charles spurgeon was different than many other preachers of his day because he did some things that others did not do. some of these actions included...(choose all that apply) group of answer choices act out biblical stories pace the platform while speaking drew chalk drawings sang in the middle of his sermons include sentimental tales about people

Answers

Charles Spurgeon was different than many other preachers of his day because he did some things that others did not do. Some of these actions included:

1. Acting out biblical stories: Spurgeon was known to act out parts of the stories he was preaching on, making his sermons more engaging and relatable to the audience.

2. Pacing the platform while speaking: Instead of standing still behind the pulpit, Spurgeon would walk around the platform as he preached, making him appear more dynamic and capturing the audience's attention.

3. Including sentimental tales about people: Spurgeon would incorporate personal and emotional stories into his sermons, which helped to make his messages more relatable and impactful for his listeners.

However, it is not documented that Spurgeon drew chalk drawings or sang in the middle of his sermons.

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Plz I need help with this

Plz I need help with this

Answers

Cherokee is United States

a. philip randolph’s call for a massive march on washington led to:

Answers

Philip Randolph’s call for a massive march on Washington led to the eventual creation of the Fair Employment Practices Commission, which was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to deal with racial discrimination in the workplace. However, the planned march never took place due to the success of Randolph’s campaign.

The Philip Randolph's call for a massive march on Washington led to the eventual creation of the Fair Employment Practices Commission, which was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to deal with racial discrimination in the workplace.

The call for a march by Philip Randolph served as a threat to the Roosevelt administration in order to highlight the country's growing issue with discrimination and inequality. This served as an alarm to the government that the pressure to take action was getting bigger.

The decision to establish the Fair Employment Practices Commission came as a result of the mounting pressure from leaders and people's voices who were fighting against racial discrimination. The commission helped fight racial discrimination during World War II.

The call for a march by Philip Randolph was very instrumental in the eventual establishment of the Fair Employment Practices Commission, which helped fight against discrimination in the workplace. The march never took place because of the success of the campaign.

Nonetheless, the impact of the call for the march was evident in the way the government responded to the need to take action and address the growing issue of discrimination in America.

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no founder, vedas and upanishads, karma. Hinduism or Buddhism?

Answers

Answer:

hinduism

buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama

Hinduism. Have a good day

2. What American hero was
captured while on a spying
mission and hanged?

Answers

Nathan Hale was an American Patriot, soldier and spy for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He volunteered for an intelligence-gathering mission in New York City but was captured by the British and executed.

Educated colonists drew on three intellectual traditions to justify their opposition to British policies. These included all of the following except

Answers

Educated colonists on 3 intellectual traditions to justify their competition... these blanketed all of the except accommodationism.

The colonists started out to withstand by means of boycotting, or now not buying, British items. In 1773 a few colonists in Boston, Massachusetts validated their frustration by dressing up like Indians, sneaking onto ships inside the harbor, and dumping imported tea into the water. This was called the Boston Tea celebration.

Accommodationism rests on the notion that government and faith are like-minded and important to a well-ordered society. Accommodationists assert that within the First amendment the framers meant to sell cooperation between authorities and faith, not neutrality or authorities' hostility towards faith.

Accommodationism within the USA is a judicial interpretation of accommodationism that espouses that "the government might also guide or advise religious institutions as long as it treats all religions equally and does no longer display preferential remedy." Accommodationists espouse the view that "spiritual individuals,

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Match the form that Zeus took when he visited his lovers to the lovers he met.
. satyr
. eagle
. swan
. golden rain.
leda danea
antipoe
aegina

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Satyr = antipoe

eagle = aegina

swan = leda

golden rain = danea

I'm pretty sure it was a swan, but I may be wrong.

What were the details of the zimmerman Telegram?

Answers

It was intercepted and deciphered by British intelligence

Which type of particle is the basic building block matter

Answers

Answer:

atoms

Explanation:

Write a note describing the barysphere.​

Answers

Barysphere is the central part of the Earth. It is the beneath the lithosphere. Barysphere comprises of nickel and iron. Its diameter ranges from 2500-2700 km with a temperature of around 5500 degrees Celsius.

Europe has a history characterized by instances of conflict and cooperation between cultures. Most recently many European nations have been working to cooperate by —

Answers

Answer: forming the European Union

Explanation:

Europe has a history characterized by instances of conflict and cooperation between cultures. Most recently many European nations have been working to cooperate by forming the European Union. Thus the correct option is B.

What is history?

The historical analysis is the examination of human history as it is revealed in the written records that people have left behind. It includes details about past individuals, societies, occasions, and issues as well as our efforts to comprehend them.

Events of intercultural conflict and cooperation have occurred throughout Europe's history. Modern efforts to foster cooperation among numerous European nations have resulted in the creation of the European Union.

The European Union's objectives within its territory are to foster stability, its principles, and the happiness of its people. It provides internal borders-free zones of independence, prosperity, and fairness.

Therefore, the option is appropriate.

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The complete question is Probably

Europe has a history characterized by instances of conflict and cooperation between cultures.

Most recently many European nations have been working to cooperate by-----

answer choices

isolating the United States

forming the European Union

reducing stockpiles of weapons

limiting immigration to the region

What years was the Thirty Years' War fought?

Answers

Answer

The war lasted from 1618 to 1648

Explanation:

trust me bro

The years 1618-1648!

Hope this helps! Have a good day!!

Why are steam engines important today?

Answers

because it helps with the engines

Explain what you think / believe John Adams should have done differently in his Presidency ?

Answers

I believe John Adams should have done differently in his Presidency in

areas regarding areas of conflict and human rights.

John Adams was the President of the United States which signed the

Sedition act in 1798.

What is Sedition Act?

Sedition act was aimed at punishing those who talked ill or made

publications criticizing the government. The then President had the belief

that danger and threat to the government will come from anarchy and other

forms of conflicts.

Instead of focusing on other vital reas, he focused on trampling on human

rights of the citizenry which was why he wasn't reelected.

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Why would a high unemployment rate make a strong centralized government more attractive?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

A stronger centralized government would have more power to oversee the economy and help bring the high unemployment rate lower. The government could create jobs and give financial aid to those in need.

One criticism of the formal amendment process is that

A. The Framers did not intend for the words of the Constitution to be changed.
B. The process is too short and, therefore, too many amendments are approved.
C. The judicial branch cannot propose an amendment.
D. State legislatures, rather than convention delegates elected by the people, often ratify amendments.

Answers

Answer:

D. State legislatures, rather that convention delegates elected by the people, often ratify amendments.

Explanation:

Hope it helps :)

Claudette Calvin Part B: Which quote from the text best supports the answer to Part A?

Answers

In representing trade between the two countries, area representing consumer surplus before the tariff is represented by letter "A".

What is trade?

Trade is the exchange of goods and services between individuals, organizations, or countries. It involves the buying and selling of products and services for money or other goods. Trade has been a fundamental aspect of human history and has played a crucial role in the development of civilizations. With the advent of globalization and advancements in transportation and communication technology, trade has become increasingly important for the global economy. International trade allows countries to specialize in producing goods and services that they have a comparative advantage in, which can lead to greater efficiency and economic growth. However, trade also has its challenges, including issues related to fair competition, intellectual property rights, and environmental and labor standards.

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how many years did it take to build the national rode

Answers

Answer:

26 years

Explanation:

The National Road (also known as the Cumberland Road) was the federal government's first significant improved highway in the United States. The 620-mile (1,000-kilometer) road, built between 1811 and 1837, connected the Potomac and Ohio Rivers and served as a major transportation route for thousands of migrants heading west.

Please help with the questions This is due today

Please help with the questions This is due today

Answers

Answer: When the trade caravan finally returned, however, they could profit from the silk, porcelain, silver, spices for food, or other things traded by the caravan. The other people who profited from the Silk Road were the wealthy and aristocratic people who could afford the goods traded for.   The Silk Road was a trade route that kickstarted trade between Asians and Europeans. Subsequent the establishment of the Silk Road came the arrival of tea, citrus fruits, spices and other pristine goods into Europe. As well as a trade path, The Silk Road was also the most effective travel route to and from China.

Explanation:

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