In order to perform a soil microbial count on a sample of soil, you made an initial dilution by mixing 0.1g of soil in 10ml of sterile water then performed a serial dilution. You performed two additional 1:10 dilutions and plated 10 ul of the last two dilutions. By adding 0.1g of soil to 10ml of water, you generated a __initial dilution Which plate counts indicate improper technique took place during your dilution series? Choose a CORRECT answer for BOTH of the statements above
A. You generated a 10-2 initial dilution. Plate counts 171 and 25
B. You generated a 102 initial dilution. Plate counts 165 and 16
C.You generated a 10-initial dilution. Plate counts 252 and 25
D. You gerverated a 10-initial dilution Plate counts 312 and 29
E. You generated a 10-3 initial dilution Plate counts 111 and 11
Answers
The correct answer is B. The student generated a 102 initial dilution, and plate counts 165 and 16 indicate that improper technique took place during the dilution series.
To determine the initial dilution, we need to look at the dilution factor of the last two plates. The last two plates were both 1:10 dilutions, which means that they were both diluted by a factor of 10. Therefore, the initial dilution was 10 x 10 x 10 = 10^3 or 1000.
This means that the student added 0.1g of soil to 100ml of sterile water to make the initial dilution. Therefore, answer choices A, C, D, and E are all incorrect because they list incorrect initial dilutions. Only answer choice B lists the correct initial dilution of 10^2, but we also need to consider the plate counts.
Plate counts are the number of colonies that grow on the agar plates, and they can indicate whether there was too much or too little bacteria in the sample. Plate counts that are too high or too low can indicate that the student made a mistake during the dilution series.
In this case, the plate counts are 165 and 16, which is a difference of 10-fold. This means that there was a problem with the dilution series because there should not be such a large difference in the number of colonies between two consecutive dilutions. Therefore, we can conclude that improper technique took place during the dilution series.
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Related Questions
which of the four DNA strands match the strand in the diagram by base pairing ?
Answers
Answer: I believe the answer you're looking for is Adenine goes with Thymine and Cystosine goes with Guanine.
Hope this helps!!
The four DNA strands that match the strand in the diagram by base pairing is GGTGACT. The correct option is A.
What is base pairing?A base pair, which consists of two nucleobases joined by hydrogen bonds, is the basic building block of double-stranded nucleic acids.
They contribute to the folded shape of both DNA and RNA and serve as the building blocks of the DNA double helix.
base pair of DNA. The nitrogen-containing bases adenine (A), thymine (T), and cytosine (C), as well as guanine (G), couple together under normal conditions.
The structure of DNA is created by the binding of these base pairs.
In the given sequence, CCACTGA the base pairing can be done as GGTGACT.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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Your question seems incomplete, the missing image is:
What picture shows which kind of cell
Answers
Animal cell
Explanation:Animal cells are typical of the eukaryotic cell, enclosed by a plasma membrane and containing a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Unlike the eukaryotic cells of plants and fungi, animal cells do not have a cell wall.
what happens to some of these carbon atoms when a plant respires
Answers
Answer:
exit the leaf as carbon dioxide
Explanation:
hope this helps
Which statements are true regarding phage typing? Select all that apply. It is used to characterized and Identify strains within a bacterial species A bacterial strain is a susceptible host for a virus if there is no clearing Clear zones in the bacterial lawn show that all host cells in that region have been destroyed If a bacterial host is susceptible to one virus, it will be susceptible to all viruses During bacteria streaking on a plate that has a phage line down the center, one can cross the line of phage twice.
Answers
The following statements are true regarding phage typing:
1)It is used to characterize and identify strains within a bacterial species.
3)Clear zones in the bacterial lawn show that all host cells in that region have been destroyed.
4)If a bacterial host is susceptible to one virus, it will be susceptible to all viruses.
Phage typing is a method used to identify and characterize bacterial strains based on their susceptibility to specific bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria). Clear zones, also known as plaques, in the bacterial lawn indicate that the bacteriophages have destroyed the bacterial cells in that region.
Bacterial hosts susceptible to one phage are likely to be susceptible to other phages as well, due to their similar receptor proteins on the bacterial cell surface. However, it is important to note that not all bacterial strains may be susceptible to all phages, as there may be variations in receptor proteins among different bacterial strains.
Additionally, during bacteria streaking on a plate with a phage line down the center, crossing the line of phage twice can result in mixing of phages, potentially leading to inaccurate results in phage typing.
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which could be its function???
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
It seems to be a picture of the backbone of a vertebrate, i.e; human.
This is a fibrous protein so the answer is A.
This pedigree chart tracks the inheritance of a recessive trait that is not sex-linked. Based on the information in the chart, which of the following statements is true?
Answers
Answer: individual #10 must be heterozygous for the trait.
Explanation:
Answer!
The statement "Individual #8 must be hetrozygous for trait" is true because Being heterozygous for a trait means that an individual carries two different alleles (alternative forms of a gene) for a particular gene locus.
Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for the development and functioning of specific traits. Each gene can exist in different forms called alleles. For a specific trait, such as eye color or hair texture, there may be multiple alleles that contribute to the variation observed in individuals.
In genetics, individuals can be homozygous or heterozygous for a particular trait. Homozygosity means having two identical alleles at a specific gene locus (e.g., two alleles for blue eye color), while heterozygosity means having two different alleles at the gene locus (e.g., one allele for blue eyes and one allele for brown eyes).
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What’s the student’s scientific question
Answers
Answer:
Can you plz explain what you mean by that . Maybe I can help if you give explanation.
Based on your data what can you infer about the length of time spent in each stage of the cell cycle
Answers
Once the cell is ready to multiply, it takes around 24 hours. Of course, you don't create 37 trillion new cells every morning. In reality, properly differentiated cells, such as neurons, frequently remain in G0 and never divide. You really don't want to hurt any of these.
Here is the breakdown by phase (post-G0):
G1 ~ 10 hours | S ~ 5–6 hours | G2 ~ 3–4 hours | M ~ 2 hours
Notice that the the actual process of division is far shorter than interphase. This makes sense since in principle, it generally takes more time to grow than divide.
Which best describes the alternation of generations?
A.fertilization produces haploid spores
B. Meiosis produces a diploid zygote
C. A gametophyte is it’s diploid phase
D. A gametophyte is it’s haploid phase
Answers
The alternation of generations is a gametophyte in its haploid phase. Option D.
The term refers to the life cycle of most plants with generations alternating between haploid gametophytes and diploid sporophytes. All embryonic plants and some algae go through this process. The gametophyte is the stage in the life cycle of plants and algae that undergoes alternation of generations.
A haploid multicellular organism develops from a haploid spore with a single set of chromosomes. Male and female gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote that gives rise to the sporophyte. This phenomenon is called the alternation of generations. example. Fern. The delicate leaf-like leaves of mature ferns drop spores from the sporophyte structure on the underside of the leaf. Alternation of generations means that a plant alternates between its two different life stages or generations in its life cycle.
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what is shunting the blood so that it may be filtered known as?
Answers
Answer: Dialysis
Explanation: Dialysis involves either shunting the patient's blood through a special machine (haemodialysis) that helps remove the wastes while preserving water and salts, or removing wastes through fluid introduced into the abdomen (peritoneal dialysis).
Shunting the blood so that it may be filtered is known as Hemodialysis. It is a long answer. Hemodialysis is a process of removing waste and extra fluid from the blood.
Blood is filtered outside the body using a machine called a dialyzer, also known as an artificial kidney.The process of shunting blood for it to be filtered during hemodialysis is done through a vascular access, which is created by a minor surgery that connects an artery and vein, usually in the arm. The blood is pumped from the patient's bloodstream into the dialyzer, which filters the blood, and the filtered blood is returned to the patient's bloodstream.
Hemodialysis is used when the kidneys are unable to filter the blood on their own due to kidney failure. This may be caused by various factors, including diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, and other kidney diseases. Hemodialysis is usually done three times a week for three to five hours per session.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. after the centromeres separate during mitosis, the sister chromatids, now called _______, move toward opposite poles of the spindle.
Answers
After the centromeres separate during mitosis, the sister chromatids, now called daughter chromosomes, move towards the opposite poles of the spindle.
Mitosis is the process by which somatic cells divide to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. The different stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, the chromosomes become condensed and visible, and the spindle begins to form.
The nuclear envelope begins to disintegrate, allowing the spindle fibres to attach to the kinetochores located at the centromeres of the chromosomes. During metaphase, the chromosomes align at the equatorial plate, the spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores at the centromeres, and the sister chromatids of each chromosome are under tension and ready to separate.
This is the phase where the chromosomes are located at the center of the spindle apparatus.During anaphase, the spindle fibers begin to shorten, pulling the sister chromatids apart towards opposite poles of the spindle. The sister chromatids are now referred to as daughter chromosomes.
During telophase, the daughter chromosomes reach their respective poles, and the nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes. Cytokinesis, the physical separation of the two daughter cells, occurs during telophase as well.
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Can anybody give me a pdf or note about the flatworms?
Answers
Flatworms
James H. Thorp, D. Christopher Rogers, in Field Guide to Freshwater Invertebrates of North America, 2011
B Reproduction and Life History
Some flatworms, especially those living in temporary aquatic habitats, reproduce only once per year (univoltine), while other species are multivoltine, with the number of generations depending on environmental favorability. Most flatworms reproduce sexually, and almost all species are hermaphroditic. Although gamete exchange is most common, self-fertilization is possible in some species. Eggs are laid singly on a hard substrate, are grouped into clusters (sometimes stalked), or are placed in cocoons. Miniature flatworms emerge from eggs which have been attached to the substrate. These usually develop directly (without intermediate larval stages) into adults and differ only in size and presence of reproductive organs. A few species are ovoviviparous (young brooded inside parent) or have a distinct larval stage. Asexual reproduction occurs seasonally in many taxa and is the only form of reproduction in a few species. This form of reproduction involves differentiation of the adult body into distinct units (zooids) followed by separation into small flatworms via transverse division of the adult body. This process is aided by the remarkable regenerative abilities of flatworms.
Under demanding environmental conditions, flatworms produce resistant eggs able to survive desiccation of the surrounding environment or the animal may enter diapause (a very low metabolic state) and encyst as a whole animal or fragment of the adult.
Sexually reproducing flatworms can live from a few weeks to a few months (not counting periods of encystment), while the life span of asexual species is theoretically indefinite.
What are the mechanisms of evolution?
Answers
Answer:
They are: mutation, non-random mating, gene flow, finite population size (genetic drift), and natural selection.
Explanation:
i hope this helped :)
First part science pls help
Answers
Answer:
I am pretty sure its ribosome
Explanation:
if it's right please give me a heart hope it helps
Answer:
lysome
Explanation:
I am sure of that answer
Which three continents contain coal fields that provide evidence for continental drift?
A. Africa, Antarctica, and North America
B. Eurasia, Africa, and South America
C. Antarctica, South America, and Africa
D. South America, North America, and Eurasia
(I'm on a time limit so pls hurry)
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is C
Explanation:
The evidence for continental drift included the fit of the continents; the distribution of ancient fossils, rocks, and mountain ranges; and the locations of ancient climate zones
The answer is Eurasia, North America, Africa, and South America. Most of the coal fields in the world are located in these countries along with good quality coal fields are found in Africa and South America
HURRY I DONT HAVE MUCH TIME!!!!
Sperm fuse with eggs in female cones and make seeds. What kind of reproduction is this? a) sexual reproduction b) asexual reproduction
Answers
Answer:
A) Sexual Reproduction
Explanation:
Im sorry ;(
Enzymes physically bring together molecules to help them bond more easily. This lowers the ______ of the reaction, which is the amount of energy needed for the reaction to take place.
Answers
The basic characteristics that differentiate living from non-living things are called
Answers
The basic characteristics that differentiate living from non-living things are called life, growth, and reproduction.
More about the differentiation between living and non-living thingsAll living things have senses, breathe, eat, grow, move, and reproduce. Non-living things do not consume food, grow, breathe, move, or reproduce. They have no senses.
Also, Non-living entities do not give birth. They do not mature, reproduce, age, or die. Non-living items can be both natural and artificial.
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What causes the most destruction from earthquakes?
A. collapsing structures, fires, electrical lines, and tsunamis
B. when large cracks open in the Earth's crust swallowing structures and people
C. when fault movement causes magma to break through the crust causing volcanoes
D. when the ground shakes violently
Answers
what is the hypothesis that evolution occurs at a slow, gradual pace? choose the correct answer. responses gradualism gradualism adaptation adaptation slow motion slow motion natural selection
Answers
The hypothesis that evolution occurs at a slow, gradual pace is called gradualism. So the correct answer option A: is gradualism.
According to the gradualism model of evolution, most speciation occurs slowly, uniformly, and gradually. This type of evolution typically involves the gradual change of a whole species into a new one (through a process called anagenesis).
With punctuated equilibrium, an idea that evolutionary development is characterized by brief bursts of rapid speciation interspersed with longer stretches of little or no change, gradualism can be compared. The phrase was created by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge to contrast with their punctuated equilibrium model, which admits that most evolution is characterized by protracted periods of evolutionary stability (referred to as stasis), which are occasionally interrupted by branching evolution.
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Correct question:
What is the hypothesis that evolution occurs at a slow, gradual pace? choose the correct answer. responses
gradualism
adaptation
slow motion
natural selection
How Does a Cladogram Reveal Evolutionary Relationships?
What is a cladogram? It is a diagram that depicts evolutionary relationships among groups. It is based on PHYLOGENY,
which is the study of evolutionary relationships. Sometimes a cladogram is called a phylogenetic tree (though technically,
there are minor differences between the two).
In the past, biologists would group organisms based solely on their physical appearance. Today, with the advances in
genetics and biochemistry, biologists can look more closely at individuals to discover their pattern of evolution, and group
them accordingly - this strategy is called EVOLUTIONARY CLASSIFICATION
CLADISTICS is form of analysis that looks at features of organisms that are considered "innovations", or newer features
that serve some kind of purpose. (Think about what the word "innovation" means in regular language.) These
characteristics appear in later organisms but not earlier ones and are called DERIVED CHARACTERS.
PART I-Analyze the Cladogram
Examine the sample cladogram, each letter on the diagram points to a derived character, or something different (or
newer) than what was seen in previous groups. Match the letter to its character. Note: this cladogram was created for
simplicity and understanding, it does not represent the established phylogeny for insects and their relatives.
1.______ wings
2.______6 legs
3._______segmented body
4. ______double set of wings
5.________ legs
6._________crushing mouth parts
7._________curly antennae
8.________cerci (abdominal appendages)
Answers
A cladogram is a diagram that represents the evolutionary relationships among different groups of organisms. It is based on phylogenetic analysis, which examines shared derived characters or innovations that distinguish certain groups from others.
Cladograms illustrate the branching patterns of evolutionary history, showing the common ancestry and evolutionary relatedness between different species or taxa. They provide a visual representation of the evolutionary relationships and help scientists understand the patterns of evolution and the shared characteristics among different organisms.
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Cancer cells dont respond to signals that regulate what?
Answers
Cancer cells don't respond to signals that regulate the growth of other cells.
The main variations between healthy and cancerous cells have to do with development, communication, cell repair and death, "stickiness" and spread, appearance, maturation, immune system evasion, function, and blood supply. When there are enough cells, normal cells stop procreating (growing).
For instance, if skin cells are being created to heal a cut, new cells are no longer produced after there are enough cells on hand to completely fill the hole (when the repair work is done).
In contrast, cancer cells continue to multiply even after there are enough cells. Before they have a chance to develop, cancer cells proliferate quickly. Frequently, a tumor (a collection of cancer cells) is created as a result of this unabated replication.
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[30 POINTS!]
————————————————
Which organism is most closely related to sac fungi based on the phylogenetic tree?
[A]. Bread molds
[B]. Club fungi
[C]. Chytrids
[D]. Mycorrhizal fungi
———————————-
Answers
PLEASE HELP 50 POINTS BRAINLIST
Answers
Answer:
it does not specify which is female and which is male so i am going to go with a.
Explanation:
Saved All techniques/methods are prohibited by organic farmers EXCEPT: all pesticides irradiation growth hormones GMOs
Answers
Organic farmers generally prohibit the use of synthetic pesticides, irradiation, and growth hormones.
However, it's important to note that the term "Saved All" is not familiar in the context of organic farming, and it's possible that you may be referring to a specific set of guidelines or regulations that I'm not aware of. Organic farmers generally prohibit the use of synthetic pesticides, irradiation, and growth hormones. Nevertheless, among the options you provided, the only technique/method that is typically prohibited by organic farmers is the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Organic farming emphasizes natural and sustainable methods of cultivation and prohibits the use of GMOs.
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Genetic diversity is due to ______________ reproduction.
budding
asexual
binary fission
sexual
Answers
Answer:
sexual
Explanation:
when produced sexually, the offspring takes one gamete from each parent. this means the offspring will always be diverse. if it were asexual, the offspring would be the exact same as the parent.
which profession requires more screen contact law or medicine ?
please answer quickly because I have to select my career .
Answers
just ask ur teacher she or he will tell u
Why are indicated gene expression in stem cells versus specialized ( differentiated) cells
Answers
Gene expression in stem cells is more versatile and pluripotent, allowing them to differentiate into various cell types, while specialized cells have specific gene expression patterns that enable them to perform their specialized functions
Gene expression in stem cells and specialized (differentiated) cells differs due to their distinct roles and functions in the body. Stem cells have the unique ability to differentiate into various cell types, whereas specialized cells have already undergone differentiation and acquired specific functions.
In stem cells, gene expression is more pluripotent, meaning a wide range of genes can be activated or repressed to maintain their self-renewal and differentiation potential. This flexibility allows stem cells to respond to different signals and stimuli, enabling them to give rise to different cell lineages during development or tissue regeneration.
On the other hand, specialized cells have undergone a process called cell differentiation, where specific genes are selectively expressed or silenced to establish their specialized functions and morphology. Gene expression in specialized cells is more restricted and specific, as it is essential for the cell to perform its designated role effectively and maintain tissue homeostasis.
The regulation of gene expression in stem cells and specialized cells involves complex molecular mechanisms, including the activation or repression of transcription factors, epigenetic modifications, and signaling pathways. These mechanisms ensure the appropriate gene expression patterns in different cell types, allowing for proper development, tissue function, and overall organismal health.
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As one ages, the presence of slow oxidative fibers ___.
Answers
As one age, the presence of slow oxidative fibers increases. They are associated with aging.
What are slow oxidative fibers?The slow oxidative fibers are muscle fibers that depend on aerobic respiration to produce muscle contractions.
Oxidative respiration refers to cellular respiration, which is fundamental during muscle contraction.
The number of slow oxidative fibers increases progressively and constantly with aging.
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A microorganism measures 5 μm in length. Its length in mm would be:
a) 0.05 mm.
b) 50 mm.
c) 500 mm.
d) 0.005 mm.
e) 0.5 mm.
Answers
0.005 mm. One millionth of the a metre, or micrometres, are frequently used to measure the size of microbes. Measureable traits of microorganisms include their genome sizes and growth rates, among many others.
Trillions of microorganisms, as well as "microbiomes," are present in the soil, plants, homes, the air we breathe, and on and inside of us. The large percentage of microbiomes support critical functions in our bodies and environments, including digestion and plant growth. In most cases, we can live side by side with them. With a greater understanding of these communities, we might be able using these complex microbial communities for implementations in agriculture and food safety, water purification, manufacturing, renewable energy, as well as biological threat detection.
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