Substitution is the use of a different material, method, or technique than what was specified, usually by request of the contractor with the approval of the designer.
The desire for Substitution refers to the Contractor's request to replace a certain material, product, thing, or performance that has been identified in the Contract Documents by a particular brand or trade name with one that is equivalent to or better.
The designer could assume vicarious duty and be held accountable for the contractor's negligence. When two or more parties are engaged in a partnership deal and discover that the existing agreement is no longer applicable or valid, a substituted contract is created.
The parties concerned replaced the initial agreement with just a new one in this situation. All parties concerned must agree to this. Simultaneous equations may usually be solved easily using the substitution method.
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When you drive in the city,there is a lot going on which of the following a driver's must do?
yes yes , you should do the beep beep one
While driving in the city, the driver must be mentally alert, don't get hustle bustle and not feeling tired.
Option D is correct.
What is meant by driving?Driving is the activity where an individual drives the vehicle and use it for commuting from one place to another.
The driver must be physically and mentally alert on the road, not get tired while driving and should not drive faster especially while driving in the city. If these things will not follow, then there might be chances of accidents which can lead to serious injury to him/her.
Question's missing part:
The options are given as follows:
A. Do not let the bustle of city life take your mind off the task of driving
B. Do not drive impaired or fatigued
C. Be mentally alert and manage your distractions
D. All of the above
Therefore, all the points should be followed by driver while driving in the city.
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Write the two ways by which citizen acquires citizenship ?
Explanation:
Visas and green cards...... ;-) mark brainliest... Thank you
Legal questions asked during the case of Ramokgopa v NXumalo
The legal questions in the case of Ramokgopa v NXumalo encompassed issues of negligence, causation, contributory negligence, damages, and compensation, including the respondent's negligence in preventing the accident, the direct cause of the plaintiff's injuries, the plaintiff's own responsibility, the reasonableness of damages, entitlement to future expenses and loss of earnings, and compensation for pain and suffering.
In the case of Ramokgopa v NXumalo, various legal questions were raised, including:
Was the respondent negligent in failing to prevent the motor vehicle accident?Did the respondent's negligence directly cause the plaintiff's injuries?Was the plaintiff partially responsible for their own injuries?Were the damages claimed by the plaintiff reasonable and proportionate to their injuries?Is the plaintiff entitled to compensation for future medical expenses and loss of earnings resulting from the injuries?Can the plaintiff seek compensation for pain and suffering caused by the injuries?In summary, the legal questions in the case of Ramokgopa v NXumalo pertained to issues of negligence, causation, contributory negligence, damages, and compensation.
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Whose job is it to protect the judge and others in the courtroom?
a) Police Officers
b) Bailiffs
c) Sheriffs
d) Special Agents
Answer:
B
Explanation:
which of the following did hb 1337 allow? which of the following did hb 1337 allow? alcoholic beverages are exempt from all excise taxes beer not intended for sale was exempt from excise taxes excise taxes can be charged in proportion to brewery production (i.e. larger brewers paid less per barrel in taxes) none of the above
HB 1337 allowed the excise taxes to be charged in proportion to brewery production (i.e. larger brewers paid less per barrel in taxes).
HB 1337 refers to a law that was passed in Indiana in 2016, which is also known as the "Dignity for the Unborn Act." The law sought to increase the number of abortion restrictions in the state, with the hope of eventually banning the procedure completely.
It also contained several provisions that were intended to regulate the production and sale of alcohol in Indiana. What did HB 1337 allow? The provision of HB 1337 that is relevant to this question is that it allowed for excise taxes to be charged in proportion to brewery production. This means that larger breweries would pay less per barrel in taxes than smaller breweries, which would be charged more.
The purpose of this provision was to incentivize the growth of larger breweries and to encourage them to produce more beer. What is an excise tax? An excise tax is a tax that is levied on a specific good or service. In the case of the brewing industry, excise taxes are typically levied on the production of beer, and are used to generate revenue for the government. The amount of the tax is typically based on the volume of beer that is produced.
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Trace was from Nebraska and sued the Iowa State Bureau of Investigation (ISBI) based on alleged violations of Trace’s civil rights by ISBI agents. Trace sued under the federal Civil Rights Act. His lawsuit was for $70,000. In which of the following courts should Trace file his lawsuit and why?
Multiple Choice
Iowa state court because he is suing a state agency.
Iowa federal court because of federal diversity of citizenship jurisdiction.
Nebraska state court because jurisdiction must be in the state of the plaintiff..
Iowa federal court because of federal question jurisdiction.
Trace should file his lawsuit in Iowa federal court because of federal question jurisdiction. The federal Civil Rights Act is a federal law, and therefore, the case involves a federal question.
Federal question jurisdiction allows federal courts to hear cases involving questions of federal law. Since Trace's lawsuit is based on alleged violations of his civil rights under the federal Civil Rights Act, the case falls under federal question jurisdiction and should be filed in a federal court.
Additionally, the case should be filed in Iowa federal court because the alleged violations occurred in Iowa and the defendant, the Iowa State Bureau of Investigation, is located in Iowa.
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one possible solution to this problem could be to allocate more resources toward solving these crimes
If you are referring to the problem of unsolved or under-investigated crimes, then allocating more resources toward solving these crimes could indeed be a potential solution. One major challenge that law enforcement agencies face in solving crimes is often a lack of resources, including personnel, equipment, and funding.
By allocating more resources toward solving crimes, law enforcement agencies could potentially improve their ability to investigate and solve cases, including those that have gone unsolved for long periods of time. For example, increasing the number of detectives working on a particular case could lead to new leads and evidence being uncovered, which could ultimately lead to an arrest and conviction.
Additionally, investing in new technologies and training for law enforcement personnel could help to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of investigations. For instance, advances in forensic science and DNA analysis have led to breakthroughs in solving cold cases, and increasing the use of these tools could help to solve even more cases.
However, it is also important to consider that simply increasing resources may not be sufficient on its own. Law enforcement agencies must also be held accountable for their actions and must work to rebuild trust with communities that have historically been marginalized or underserved. Additionally, addressing the root causes of crime, such as poverty and inequality, is also important for reducing crime rates and improving public safety.
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suppose a judge sitting on a district court in texas is found to have been accepting monetary bribes from lawyers to rule in their favor on several cases. according to the texas constitution, what is the most likely action to be taken regarding this judge?
When a district court judge in Texas is discovered to have taken bribes from attorneys to decide in their favor on a number of cases, the Supreme Court of Texas will probably take steps to remove the judge from office.
The Judicial Conduct Commission has the authority to remove a judge from office for incompetence in the performance of the duties of the office, willful violation of the Code of Judicial Conduct, or persistent violation of rules promulgated by the Supreme Court of Texas.
In other words, judges are free to hold office for however long they see fit, and the only way to remove them from through impeachment.
A quorum must consist of seven persons. With the exception of recommendations for a judge's retirement, suspension, or removal, which must be granted by a vote of at least seven members, decisions must be made by most of those present.
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what type of citizen does a democracy need
Law is a practical discipline discipline ;theory has no place in law. With specific references to the law of contract discuss
ANSWER:
Law is a practical discipline because it is a discipline that guilds ones action, and define the rules one have to observe in taking an action
Contract law is the law that binds an agreement between two parties with a mutual intension. This law enforces what each party have to offer to the other, and what the penalty will be if one should offend the agreement.
These law can be use to describe law to be practical because the agreement which the law enforces, are their actions toward each other. These actions are described as the conducts which is abide by the contract enforced by the law.
Example; Mr Obi and Mr Michael signed an agreement to exchange their smart phone with each other. But also agreed that anyone who's smart phone is faulty when exchanged, will pay a fine and return back the phone he collected.
The law that enforces this agreement in the example above is called a contract law. This is a practical example of law, because it is law that abides their actions in the exchange of phone and passing out penalty.
How can we encourage you to engage and participate more in the program? Any safety requirement, dietary requirement, allergies, and cultural needs and preferences that we could keep in mind.
Getting people involved, keeping them informed, analyzing results, and making adjustments are all essential steps to taking to increase turnout. One must learn to communicate well. This is further explained below.
What is communication?Generally, transfer of knowledge from one person to another by oral, written, or other means.
In conclusion, in a bid to keep people engage and participating more in the program it is important that the communication lines are open to there need be it safety requirement, dietary requirement, or allergies.
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Name two main reasons people chose to come to the American colonies.
A, to benefit from the colonies’ long summers and short winters
B.
to benefit from the colonies’ short summers and long winters
C.
to escape political unrest and a poor climate in England
D.
to seek religious freedom and economic opportunity
Answer:
it would be A and D
Explanation:
Well the truth is back in the day that's what people wanted to do.
state two functions of bile juice in digestion of food
Answer:
Bile helps with digestion. It breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract.
Let
a
,
b
where
a
=(a
1
,a
2
),
b
=(b
1
,b
2
) where 0
2
1
y 0
2
1
a) Consider the vector
c
=(−a
2
,a
1
). What is the relationship between the vectors
a
and
c
? b) Calcute
c
⋅
b
c) Explain why
c
⋅
b
is the area of the paralle lo gram formed by the vectors
a
and
b
prove that
a
×
b
=(0,0,a
1
b
2
−a
2
b
1
)
The cross product of vectors a and b is equal to (0, 0, a1b2 - a2b1).
a) The relationship between the vectors a and c is that c is the result of rotating vector a by 90 degrees counterclockwise. In other words, vector c is the perpendicular (or orthogonal) vector to vector a.
b) To calculate the dot product c ⋅ b, we multiply the corresponding components of c and b and sum them up.
c ⋅ b = (-a2) * b1 + (a1) * b2
c) The dot product c ⋅ b represents the projection of vector c onto vector b. The absolute value of c ⋅ b represents the area of the parallelogram formed by vectors a and b.
To prove that a × b = (0, 0, a1b2 - a2b1), we use the cross product formula:
a × b = (a1, a2, 0) × (b1, b2, 0)
Expanding the cross product:
= (a2 * 0 - 0 * b2, 0 * b1 - a1 * 0, a1 * b2 - a2 * b1)
= (0, 0, a1b2 - a2b1)
Therefore, the cross product of vectors a and b is equal to (0, 0, a1b2 - a2b1).
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Trial practice is dramatically different in Britain. The lawyers for the two sides, called solicitors, do not go into court. Courtroom work is done by different lawyers, called barristers. The barristers are not permitted to interview any witnesses before trial. They know the substance of what each witness intends to say but do not rehearse questions and answers, as in the United States. Which approach do you consider more effective
Answer:
The British approach appears to be more effective and even more efficient.
Explanation:
The British approach eliminates the tendency of lawyers to coach the witnesses to produce required answers. This means that using the British approach, witnesses are not properly prepared with correctly rehearsed answers to questions. The discovery of the case by both lawyers happens in the courtroom and not at a pretrial stage. With the British approach, courtroom lawyers are responsible for conducting the opening statement, direct examination of witnesses, closing statement, and cross-examination of witnesses.
What is the importance of knowing the roles responsibilities and power of local government?
To complement their formal community plan and their responsibilities for guiding community growth and deciding on land use, local governments can spearhead a community's economic planning initiatives.
Briefing:-The following local government duties have an impact on economic development and planning: Bylaws for zoning and planning. Taxation.
Why is learning about local government administration crucial?The most fundamental public services, such as those related to health and safety, transportation, sanitation, the environment, and utilities, are provided by local governments. Public administrators in North America and other parts of the world are essential to the provision of these services and the management of local government entities.
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Why are techniques or rules to interpret the meaning of statutes necessary?
The techniques or the rules that are used to interpret statutes are very necessary given the fact that they help to justify the decisions that are made by the judges that preside over cases.
What is a statute?The term statute has to do with the enactment that is established by the legislative arm of a nation as a legal document that has to do with the ways that the policies of the nation would have to be carried out as well as the laws and the regulations that are necessary in the area.
The use of statutes is very necessary because it is wha tis used to decide cases by the law courts. The judge would have to base jis decisions based on what the law expects him to do at the moment.
It is necessary to know the statutes so that a person would be able to know the true meaning of the terms that are contained in that statutes.
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consider the line y=7x-6. what is the slope of a line parallel to this line? what is the slope of a line perpendicular to this line?
Answer:
To find the slope of this line we need to get the line into slope-intercept form (y = mx + b), which means we need to solve for y: The slope of the line 4x – 5y = 12 is m = 4/5. Therefore, the slope of every line parallel to this line would have to be m = 4/5. Two lines are perpendicular if .
Explanation:
Hopefully this helps! I'm not super good at mathematics, I'm in 8th grade and in 7th grade math..but I checked my answer online. :)
Summaries the case of Ramaano Ramokgopa v Siphelele Nxumalo Case no: 7922/220 175 (8 September 2022) with the uct student in the prescribed manner with the facts of the case, legal question, ratio decidendi or reasons for the decision and the findings of the case
The court found in favor of Ramokgopa, ruling that Nxumalo's defamatory statements had caused harm to Ramokgopa's reputation and awarded him damages as a result.
The facts of the case involved Nxumalo posting defamatory statements about Ramokgopa on a public social media platform, alleging that Ramokgopa had cheated on an exam. Ramokgopa argued that these false statements had damaged his reputation and caused him emotional distress.
The key legal question in this case was whether Nxumalo's statements were defamatory and if Ramokgopa was entitled to damages as a result. The court examined the nature of the statements made, their impact on Ramokgopa's reputation, and the evidence presented.
The court's ratio decidendi or reasons for the decision were that Nxumalo's statements were indeed defamatory as they falsely accused Ramokgopa of academic dishonesty. The court found that the statements were made without any reasonable basis and were intended to harm Ramokgopa's reputation. Therefore, Ramokgopa was entitled to damages.
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The federal law: SARBANES OXLEY ACT
identify how your federal law is an outcome of market failure. If not market failure, then an outcome of government failure Second, from the 'types' of public policies, what 'type' best describes your law?
types: information asymmetry, Monopolies, public goods
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, enacted in 2002, is primarily an outcome of government failure rather than market failure.
It was passed in response to a series of high-profile accounting scandals involving major corporations such as Enron and WorldCom, which shook investor confidence and highlighted deficiencies in corporate governance and financial reporting.
Government failure refers to situations where the government's actions or policies result in unintended negative consequences or fail to achieve their intended goals. In the case of Sarbanes-Oxley, the failure lies in the inadequacy of existing regulations and oversight mechanisms that allowed fraudulent practices to go undetected or unpunished. The Act was a response to this failure, aiming to strengthen corporate governance, enhance financial transparency, and restore investor trust in the wake of these scandals.
Regarding the types of public policies, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act can be primarily classified as a response to information asymmetry. Information asymmetry occurs when one party in a transaction possesses more or superior information compared to the other party, leading to an imbalance of power and potential exploitation. In the context of the Act, the goal was to address the information asymmetry between corporations and investors by imposing stricter reporting requirements, enhancing financial disclosures, and promoting greater transparency in financial statements. These measures aimed to provide investors with more accurate and reliable information to make informed decisions and reduce the risk of fraudulent activities going undetected.
While the Act also addresses issues related to corporate monopolies (such as the establishment of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board) and the importance of public goods (such as the need for accurate financial information), the core focus of Sarbanes-Oxley lies in addressing information asymmetry and restoring confidence in the financial markets through enhanced corporate governance and financial reporting standards.
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Define resiliency and what it means to you
If an individual is a least ________ years old but under the age of 18, their driving privileges are subject to suspension or postponement for a graffiti conviction.
If an individual is at least a graffiti year old but under the age of 18, their driving privileges are subject to suspension or postponement for a graffiti conviction.
Using isn't a constitutional proper. You get your driver's license based on the abilities you have and the policies you agree to follow. when you get your driving license you must preserve to illustrate your ability to power appropriately on the street.
Driving privilege” approach the provision of authority by way of jurisdiction to a person that permits that character to pressure a vehicle on highways inside that jurisdiction. using privileges supplies the authority to someone, not to an automobile.
Driving is a privilege, now not proper. the ones granted the privilege have met sure conditions, along with being a citizen of a sure age, and agree to abide by way of sure requirements, along with obeying the regulations of the road.
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Chris is the owner of a fast food stall. Dan bought some food from Chris' stall. Dan became
seriously ill soon after he ate the food. He spent two weeks in hospital. It was discovered
that the food from the stall was contaminated.
Doctors found that Dan was very likely to suffer more than most people from food poisoning.
Dan eventually recovered from his illness, but found that he had lost £20 000 earnings from
his work. He also lost out on an expected promotion at work as he failed to attend an
interview when he was in hospital.
Dan had given some of his food to Euan, a homeless person, who also became ill for a short time.
Advise Dan as to his rights and remedies against Chris. Advise Euan as to his rights and remedies
against Dan or Chris 20 marks
it would be against chris because he cooked the food (is the owner aswell) because dan did't know that the food was contaminated.
Explanation:
Provide at least two of the arguments in favor of capital punishment and two of the arguments againat capital punishment. Which argument do you think is most persuasive and why?
Capital punishment has long sparked heated debate about its morality as well as its impact on criminal behaviour. Contemporary arguments for and against capital punishment can be divided into three categories: moral, utilitarian, and practical.
Supporters of the death penalty believe that those who commit murder have forfeited their right to life because they have taken the life of another. Furthermore, they believe that capital punishment is a just form of retribution.
In contrast, opponents of capital punishment argue, citing Cesare Beccaria's writings that capital punishment is counterproductive in terms of the moral message it conveys because it legitimizes the very behaviour that the law seeks to repress—killing.
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List and explain three separate laws that targeted respective ethnic groups
Answer:
Naturalization Act of 1790 -- est standards for who could become an american citizen → caucasians only
Chinese Exclusion act of 1882 -- excluded Chinese laborers from entering US
Immigration Act of 1917 -- restricted immigation from Asia, created Asiatic Barred Zone
Explanation:
quizlet
The major three laws that targeted respective ethnic groups are the Naturalization Act of 1790, the Chinese exclusion act of 1882, and the Immigration Act of 1917.
What do you mean by laws?Laws refer to the rules, and practices that are binding for a society or a country.
The major three laws that specifically target ethnic groups are the Naturalization Act of 1790 which set standards for who can become a citizen of America.
Chinese exclusion act states the exclusions of Chinese laborers from entering the U.S and the immigration Act of 1917 restricts immigration from Asia creating an Asiatic barred zone.
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Regulations that deal directly with the disposal of hazardous materials in the United States include which of the following?i. RCRAii. Clean Water Actiii. Clean Air Acta. I onlyb. II onlyc. III onlyd. I and II onlye. I, II and III
The regulations that deal directly with the disposal of hazardous materials in the United States include i. RCRA, ii. Clean Water Act, and iii. Clean Air Act.
RCRA stands for the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, which regulates the management of hazardous waste from its generation to disposal.
The Clean Water Act aims to protect the nation's water resources from pollution by regulating the discharge of pollutants into navigable waters.
The Clean Air Act regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources to ensure clean air for public health and the environment.
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If I make a report in good faith and dad determines I am wrong, I can be held liable.
Liability may arise if a report made in good faith leads to harm or if negligence in information gathering is proven.
If an individual makes a report in good faith, meaning they genuinely believe the information they are providing is accurate and reliable, but their dad determines that they are wrong, there are certain circumstances in which they can be held liable. One such circumstance is if the report leads to tangible harm or negative consequences for others based on the erroneous information. If the report causes financial loss, reputational damage, or any form of harm to individuals or entities, the person who made the report may be held responsible for the resulting damages.Additionally, liability may arise if it can be proven that the individual was negligent in gathering or verifying the information before making the report. While good faith provides some level of protection, it does not absolve individuals of the responsibility to exercise reasonable care and diligence in ensuring the accuracy of the information they are reporting.It is important to note that liability in such cases would generally be determined through legal processes and would depend on the specific laws and regulations applicable in the relevant jurisdiction.The complete question should be In what circumstances can an individual be held liable if they make a report in good faith, but their dad determines that they are wrong?
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QUESTION 1
1.1 By way of examples and references to the appropriate Constitutional Law authorities, briefly explain the different forms of democracy.(20)
1.2 Succinctly explain, with reference to the relevant authorities, the principle of constitutional democracy from a South African perspective.(20)
1.3 Critically discuss the role of the information in South Africa.( 20)
Democracy comes in different forms such as direct democracy, representative democracy, and participatory democracy.
The principle of constitutional democracy from a South African perspective is based on the idea that power should be distributed among different branches of government.
The role of information in South Africa is critical in ensuring transparency, accountability, and the free flow of information.
How does democracy exist in South Africa ?Direct democracy refers to a system where citizens have a direct say in decision-making through mechanisms such as referendums and initiatives.
Representative democracy, on the other hand, involves citizens electing representatives who then make decisions on their behalf. Participatory democracy is a hybrid form that combines aspects of both direct and representative democracy, allowing citizens to participate directly in decision-making while also having elected representatives.
The Constitution of South Africa is founded on the principles of human dignity, equality, and freedom, and it provides for the protection of individual rights and freedoms. Constitutional democracy also requires transparency, accountability, and the rule of law, with institutions such as the judiciary, the Public Protector, and the Auditor-General playing a critical role in upholding these principles.
The Constitution recognizes the right to access information held by public and private bodies, subject to justifiable limitations such as privacy and national security concerns. This right is further protected by legislation such as the Promotion of Access to Information Act and the Protection of Personal Information Act.
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Estelle hears a radio ad telling her that she can attend a free seminar to learn how to “flip” houses to make tons of money quickly, all while being her own boss. What is this seminar probably trying to do
If Estelle hears a radio ad telling her that she can attend a free seminar to learn how to “flip” houses to make tons of money quickly, all while being her own boss. This seminar probably trying to do: A. the Bureau of Economics.
What is the Bureau of Economics?The Bureau of Economics can be defined as an agency whose roles is to provide the necessary information or data that will help to promote an economy and this data provided are often useful and accurate.
Based on the scenario the seminar is probably trying to do the Bureau of Economics so as to enables Estelle acquire knowledge that will help to become her own boss.
Therefore the correct option is A.
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The complete question is:
Eileen works for the federal government and would like to find a report about the effectiveness of a recent FTC-created consumer education program designed to help families better meet their monthly rent payments. Which branch of the FTC should she contact first about finding such a report?
the Bureau of Economics
the Bureau of Competition
the Bureau of Consumer Protection
the Bureau of Housing and Development
What is the maximum amount of personal funds a broker can place in the property management escrow account