Most people retain adequate kidney function in old age. Why?
A. Nephrons use blood more efficiently.
B. Glomeruli grow new blood vessels through life.
C. A loss of nephrons does not radically impair function because there are so many to begin
with.
D. Decreased activity in old age leads to a decrease in production of toxins.
E. Older people drink less fluid and therefore have less need to produce urine.
Answers
The correct statement explaining why most people retain adequate kidney function in old age is (C) A loss of nephrons does not radically impair function because there are so many to begin with.
The correct statement explaining why most people retain adequate kidney function in old age is (C) A loss of nephrons does not radically impair function because there are so many to begin with.The kidneys are made up of millions of tiny filtering units called nephrons, which are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. Over time, the number of functioning nephrons may decline due to natural aging processes or underlying health conditions. However, the kidneys are designed with a large reserve capacity, meaning that there are significantly more nephrons than required for normal kidney function.Even with a gradual loss of nephrons, the remaining ones are capable of compensating for the loss and maintaining adequate kidney function. The remaining nephrons can increase their filtration rate to compensate for the reduced number, ensuring that waste products are efficiently filtered from the blood. This adaptive capacity allows most people to retain adequate kidney function in old age, despite the natural decline in nephron numbers.For more such questions on Kidney function:
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What about DNA’s structure /shape makes it the perfect molecule for heredity and genetics?
Answers
Heredity, Genes, and DNA
Perhaps the most fundamental property of all living things is the ability to reproduce. All organisms inherit the genetic information specifying their structure and function from their parents. Likewise, all cells arise from preexisting cells, so the genetic material must be replicated and passed from parent to progeny cell at each cell division. How genetic information is replicated and transmitted from cell to cell and organism to organism thus represents a question that is central to all of biology. Consequently, elucidation of the mechanisms of genetic transmission and identification of the genetic material as DNA were discoveries that formed the foundation of our current understanding of biology at the molecular level.
Genes and Chromosomes
The classical principles of genetics were deduced by Gregor Mendel in 1865, on the basis of the results of breeding experiments with peas. Mendel studied the inheritance of a number of well-defined traits, such as seed color, and was able to deduce general rules for their transmission. In all cases, he could correctly interpret the observed patterns of inheritance by assuming that each trait is determined by a pair of inherited factors, which are now called genes. One gene copy (called an allele) specifying each trait is inherited from each parent. For example, breeding two strains of peas—one having yellow seeds, and the other green seeds—yields the following results (Figure 3.1). The parental strains each have two identical copies of the gene specifying yellow (Y) or green (y) seeds, respectively. The progeny plants are therefore hybrids, having inherited one gene for yellow seeds (Y) and one for green seeds (y). All these progeny plants (the first filial, or F1, generation) have yellow seeds, so yellow (Y) is said to be dominant and green (y) recessive. The genotype (genetic composition) of the F1 peas is thus Yy, and their phenotype (physical appearance) is yellow. If one F1 offspring is bred with another, giving rise to F2 progeny, the genes for yellow and green seeds segregate in a characteristic manner such that the ratio between F2 plants with yellow seeds and those with green seeds is 3:1.
what form as part of mitosis
Answers
Answer: Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division). During mitosis one cell? divides once to form two identical cells. The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to replace worn out cells. hope this helps. Can u give me brainliest
Explanation:
Answer: the answer is from G O O G L E
Explanation:
in the hershey chase experiments, the isotope 35s was used to label and the isotope 32p was used to label
Answers
In the Hershey-Chase experiment, the isotope 35S was used to label protein, and the isotope 32P was used to label DNA.The Hershey-Chase experiment was a series of experiments carried out in 1952 by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase.
These experiments were carried out to determine the nature of the genetic material. In this experiment, the researchers used bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) to investigate whether DNA or protein is the genetic material.Hershey and Chase used radioactive isotopes to label either the protein coat of the virus or the DNA inside it. The bacteriophages were then allowed to infect bacteria, and the researchers observed what happened. They found that when the virus's DNA was labeled with the radioactive isotope 32P, the radioactivity entered the bacteria. On the other hand, when the protein coat was labeled with the radioactive isotope 35S, no radioactivity was detected in the bacteria. This led to the conclusion that DNA is the genetic material that controls the characteristics of an organism.
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The ideal water conditions for hurricane formation are___
E. Less than 80 degrees F and less than 200 feet deep
F. Greater than 80 degrees F and greater than 200 feet deep
G. Less than 80 degrees F and greater than 200 feet dee.
H. Greater than 80 degrees F and less than 200 feet deep
Answers
what role do the astral microtubules have in mitotic spindle movements?
Answers
Astral microtubules are an essential component of the mitotic spindle and play a crucial role in mitotic spindle movements. They are non-kinetochore microtubules that emanate from the centrosomes and extend towards the cell cortex.
During mitosis, astral microtubules play two major roles in spindle movements. Firstly, they help to position the spindle apparatus by anchoring the spindle poles to the cell cortex. This anchoring creates a force that is essential for the correct orientation and positioning of the spindle. Secondly, astral microtubules contribute to the spindle assembly checkpoint by generating tension and providing feedback to the cell to ensure that chromosomes are aligned properly before segregation.
Overall, astral microtubules play a crucial role in the accurate segregation of chromosomes during cell division, and any defects in their function can lead to chromosomal instability and ultimately contribute to cancer development.
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Which term describes the relationship in which one organism lives inside the other one. Check ih correct answer
Answers
Answer:
The term that describes the relationship in which one organism lives inside the other one is endosymbiosis.
Explanation:
Living things use energy:
- for activities and bodily functions, like moving and
digesting
-as the building blocks of their bodies
-all of the above
Answers
Answer:
for activities and bodily functions like moving and digestion
Explanation:
It is because moving and digestion are energy requiring activities
extra information
cell is know as the building blocks of body
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the gene for melanin (skin pigment) is transcribed similarly in humans and apes. where does the transcription of the melanin gene take place? responses only in the nucleus only in the nucleus in the nucleus and the ribosome in the nucleus and the ribosome in the ribosome in the ribosome in the nucleus and the cytoplasm
Answers
Transcription is typically carried out in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells/organisms.
Transcription is the process by which the genetic information contained by DNA is transcribed into another molecule, RNA.
Transcription occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells because the DNA is located there. The encoded message (RNA) is subsequently transported to the cytoplasm and translated into protein.
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. Messenger RNA is produced by segments of DNA that are translated into RNA molecules that could also encode proteins. Other DNA segments are copied into RNA molecules called noncoding RNA. mRNA accounts for only 1-3% of total RNA samples.
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This map is a topographic map. It shows the elevation of different landforms. If it rained, which direction
would water flow? Select four arrows to mark the directions that you predict the water will take.
Answers
The water would flow from the red region to the yellow region, then it would flow from the green region and end up in the blue region.
You can see this direction in the figure below, where the circled arrows show the direction the water would flow.
We can arrive at this answer because:
The legend below the map shows the elevation level of each part of the region.Through this legend, we can see that the red and yellow region has the highest elevations.Meanwhile, the green and blue regions have the lowest elevations, especially the blue region.Water will flow from the region with the highest elevation to the region to the lowest elevation due to the slope of the terrain and gravity.Thus, we can agree that the water would leave the red region, percolate to the yellow region, go to the green region, and finally, it would arrive in the blue region.
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When one tectonic plate is forced underneath another plate is broken down in earths mantle
Answers
Answer:
gfkgahl zehjwv kncRkkns
What is the reason water has so many special properties?
Answers
Answer: Water has many unusual properties
Explanation: Water has many unusual properties because of its polar covalent bonds. Oxygen has a larger electronegativity than hydrogen, so the electron pairs are pulled in closer to the oxygen atom, giving it a partial negative charge. Subsequently, both of the hydrogen atoms take on a partial positive charge.
Tsunamis are so destructive because of their ___ and ___.
size, speed
density, size
speed, shape
Answers
Answer:
A. Size and Speed
Explanation:
:)
Indicate the phase of growth of each of the following hairs:
a. The root is club-shaped
b. The hair has a follicular tag
c. The root bulb is flame-shaped
d. The root is elongated
Answers
The hair has a follicular tag is in the phase of growth. The root bulb is flame-shaped is in the phase of growth.The root is club-shaped is in the phase of resting.
The root is elongated is in the phase of growth.Phases of hair growthThere are three distinct phases of hair growth, as outlined below. Anagen phase (growth phase): This is when the hair is actively growing, and it lasts between two and six years.Catagen phase (transitional phase): This is a short, two-week period that begins after the anagen phase, during which hair growth slows down. At any given time, less than 1% of scalp hairs are in this stage.Telogen phase (resting phase):
This is when the hair is no longer growing. Instead, it stays dormant for around 100 days before falling out and being replaced by new hair. At any given time, approximately 10% of scalp hairs are in this stage.
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Which of the two processes, photosynthesis or cellular respiration, is exergonic or endergonic?
Answers
Read the paragraph and then answer the question.
A giraffe has to stretch its neck to reach leaves for food. Over time, the giraffe's neck gets longer from being stretched. The giraffe will then pass on this elongated neck to its children.
Which scientist would have agreed with this explanation?
Answers
Answer:
B- Lamarck
Explanation:
Answer: B..............................
(ii) D is a vein. State the name of this vein and describe its structure.?
name description of structure.?
Answers
Answer:
Inferior venacava is a D vein
Vein is defined has been defined as the blood vessel that carries blood to the heart from tissues and organs in the body.
What is vein?The arteries, which are three-layered blood vessels, transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body's tissues. The three-layered blood channels known as arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body's tissues.
Collagen and elastic fibres are present in the connective tissues that make up the outer layer, which supports the blood artery. The intermediate layer is composed primarily of elastic fibres, collagen, and smooth muscles.
The flexibility and strength are provided by this layer. The wall may stretch because of its elastic fibres. Because of the smooth epithelial cells that make up the inner endothelium, friction is reduced. In terms of structure, veins and arteries are comparable, with the exception of these three thin and elastic layers.
Therefore, Vein is defined has been defined as the blood vessel that carries blood to the heart from tissues and organs in the body.
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What maintains intestinal health
Answers
Answer:
Eat a high-fiber diet.
Explanation:
One of the best ways to improve your digestive health is by maintaining a diet that is high in fiber and rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes and whole grains. This keeps the normal process of digestion running smoothly, helping to prevent constipation and maintain a healthy weight.
What do proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates all have in common?
A. They all use peptide bonds to form macromolecules.
B. They all contain the instructions for building organisms.
C. They are all formed from the same elements. D. They are all made of chains of amino acids.
Answers
Answer:
c)they are all formed from the same elements
Explanation:
that is carbon,hydrogen and oxygen but e.g proteins have additional like Nitrogen
(b) To genetically engineer the original cell so that it would glow, the scientists had to obtain a suitable
gene.
(i) Describe the stages that a scientist would complete to obtain this gene.
Answers
Answer: See Below
Explanation:
1. The scientist would need to identify the gene for a protein that would make it glow. For example Aequorea victoria, the jellyfish that produces green fluorescent protein (GFP) is the most common type of fluorescent tag use in biotechnology. This would be done by completing genetic sequencing to identify the gene of interest from the jellyfish cell.
2. The gene could then be amplified through PCR. Assuming this is a bacterial cell, a vector such as pUC19 could be used. The vector and the PCR amplified product would have to be digested. A double digest is recommended to ensure the gene inserts in the proper conformation.
3. Heat shock the plasmid into the cell and proceed on to Blue/White screening to identify which cells contain the gene of interest. You can then isolate and grow the culture containing the GFP gene and induce with IPTG to produce the protein that would make it glow.
Alternatively you could buy a pre-made plasmid from AddGene containing the GFP gene for 75$, complete a miniprep on the cells and heatshock. Either way works.
In animal cells, cell junctions called ______ junctions form barriers between cells that prevent leaking of fluids and water-soluble molecules.
Answers
Explain in simple molecular terms what would have to be done to a plant oil to transform it to a trans fat?
Answers
200 (rev 2020)
Complete the sentence.
Atoms form chemical bonds to satisfy the
rule and to become
Answers
Answer:
Atoms form chemical bonds to satisfy the ⇒ octet rule and to become ⇒ stable.
Explanation:
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Which of the following is an inference based on an observation?
A 26 egrets were counted during the bird watch
B during the experiment the color of the leaves changed from yellow to green
C five different animal tracks crossed the path so water must be near
D the candle melted in three hours and 25 minutes
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Hello people ~
Anemophily takes place by:
(a) By Bird
(b) By Bat
(c) By Snail
(d) By Wind
Answers
Answer:
(d) wind
Explanation:
Anemophily is the process by which pollen is transported from one plant to another via aer currents. Wind pollinates approximately twelve percent of the world's flowering plants, including grasses, cereal crops, many trees, and the notorious allergenic ragweeds.
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If the parent strand is T C G T G C A C G G A what would the daughter strand be ?
Answers
Answer:
A G C A C G T G C C T
Explanation:
which of the following are part of the gut flora?
Answers
Gut flora is also referred to as the gut microbiota, which is a complex ecosystem composed of various bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, and protozoa.
The digestive tract, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon, is colonized by numerous species of microorganisms that make up the gut flora. There are trillions of bacteria that live in the gut and are involved in a wide range of physiological processes. The following are part of the gut flora:
Bacteroides
Lactobacillus
Bifidobacterium
Eubacterium
Clostridium
Enterococcus
Streptococcus
Fusobacterium
Peptococcus
Peptostreptococcus
Escherichia
Staphylococcus
Micrococcus
Veillonella
Propionibacterium
Proteus
Klebsiella
Citrobacter
Pseudomonas
Haemophilus
Neisseria
Acinetobacter
Gut flora is known to play a crucial role in various metabolic and immunological processes that are essential for the host's overall health and wellbeing. For instance, gut bacteria contribute to the digestion and absorption of food, the synthesis of vitamins and amino acids, the maintenance of gut epithelial barrier function, the regulation of the immune system, and the prevention of colonization by pathogenic microorganisms.
In conclusion, the gut flora is a diverse and complex ecosystem that consists of various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses, and protozoa. The gut flora plays an essential role in various physiological processes, and it includes a vast array of bacterial species, including Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Veillonella, Propionibacterium, Proteus, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Neisseria, and Acinetobacter.
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An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid: water, apple juice, or milk. What variables should be kept constant/controlled?.
Answers
Water, apple juice, or milk are the varied liquids that are provided to each plant. The type of plant, music, and sunshine should all be kept steady or under control.
The various liquids in this experiment serve as the independent variable. The independent variable is the one that remains constant during the course of the experiment. The independent variable is the one that remains constant during the course of the experiment. In contrast, the dependent variable is the one that will be measured or examined during the experiment (in this case, plant growth). The variable that is anticipated to "cause" a change in the dependent variable is referred to as the independent variable.
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complete question: An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, what are the controlled variables?
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding bone tissue?
a. Concentric layers of bone tissue are referred to as lamellae
b. Lacunae arrange themselves around a central Haversian Canal
c. Canaliculi allow communication between osteocytes
d. All of the above statements are False
e. All of the above statements are True
Answers
The statement that is FALSE regarding bone tissue is: d. All of the above statements are False because Bones are an important part of the body and have a complex structure.
The structure of the bones is made up of different components that are arranged in specific ways.The given options include statements that are related to bone tissue. Lamellae are concentric layers of bone tissue that are arranged around the Haversian canal.
Lacunae are small cavities that house osteocytes, which are cells that maintain bone tissue. The canaliculi are small canals that allow the osteocytes to communicate with each other.Therefore, the option that is FALSE regarding bone tissue is: d. All of the above statements are False. This option is incorrect because all of the given statements are true, which means that none of them is false.
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When fungi and bacteria decompose organic matter, they return ____ to the environment.
Answers
Answer:
Carbon and nitrogen.
probably
Hope that helped :)
Fungi and bacteria decompose organic matter, contributing to the formation of soil organic matter since they return nitrogen and carbon to the environment.
How is the decomposition of organic matter?Fungi and bacteria break down residues and organic matter, excess nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon) are released into the soil in forms that can be used by plants (nutrient availability).The nitrogen released by these microorganisms is in the form of ammonium (NH4+) and thus readily available to the roots of plants and other organisms.By decomposing residues and storing carbon within their own biomass, soil biota play a very important role in nutrient recycling processes.Therefore, we can conclude that the most important function of fungi and bacteria microorganisms is the breakdown of organic materials.
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The following statements best describe Sullivan's philosophy, EXCEPT: The mentally ill should be integrated fully into society. A. B. The mentally ill should get comprehensive, respectful and compassionate care. C. The mentally ill should be institutionalized. D. Both and B QUESTION 5 Salcebey encourages human service professionals to recognize that the chronically mentally ill are
Answers
Sullivan's philosophy does not include the belief that the mentally ill should be institutionalized. Option b is correct answer. The mentally ill should get comprehensive, respectful and compassionate care.
Sullivan's philosophy regarding the mentally ill emphasizes their integration into society and the provision of comprehensive, respectful, and compassionate care. He believed in treating individuals with mental illness as valued members of society and promoting their inclusion in community life. This approach is based on the understanding that mental health issues should not lead to exclusion or stigmatization.
Salcebey, on the other hand, encourages human service professionals to recognize the challenges faced by the chronically mentally ill. This includes understanding the complex needs of individuals with chronic mental illness and promoting effective interventions and support systems to assist them in their daily lives. Salcebey's Mental health stigmas perspective emphasizes the importance of addressing the unique needs and circumstances of individuals with chronic mental illness to enhance their well-being and quality of life.
In conclusion, Sullivan's philosophy does not support the idea of institutionalizing the mentally ill, while Salcebey's approach focuses on recognizing and addressing the specific needs of individuals with chronic mental illness.
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The complete question is
The following statements best describe Sullivan's philosophy, EXCEPT:
A. The mentally ill should be integrated fully into society.
B. The mentally ill should get comprehensive, respectful and compassionate care.
C. The mentally ill should be institutionalized.
D. Both A and B