Natural selection favors variation, which increases the ability of the individual to reproduce and pass the trait on to the next generation, and acts against detrimental traits. (T/F)
Answers
True. Natural selection favors variation, which increases the ability of the individual to reproduce and pass the trait on to the next generation, and acts against detrimental traits.
Natural selection is a fundamental mechanism of evolution that acts on genetic variation within a population. It favors traits that enhance an individual's ability to survive, reproduce, and pass on those traits to future generations.
Beneficial traits increase an organism's fitness, making them more likely to reproduce successfully and pass on their genes. Detrimental traits, on the other hand, reduce an individual's fitness and are selected against, making them less likely to be passed on to the next generation.
This process leads to the accumulation of advantageous traits over time, as they become more prevalent in the population through successive generations.
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Food webs and energy transfer mystery activity worksheet
Introduction:
most deep water fish are not considered commercially important, because their flesh lacks protein and has a watery consistency, making them unattractive as a food source. This is partly due to the challenge of finding food in deep water, since there is not much phytoplankton or zooplankton after about 100 m of depth. But in the 1980s, fisherman discovered large populations of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) living at depths between 700-1200 meters. The population of orange roughy and other similar fish were concentrated around seamounts (undersea mountains formed by volcanic processes) around Australia and New Zealand. These fish are large, muscular, and have firm flesh with a high concentration of proteins, making them very commercially attractive. But why are these populations thriving in such deep waters? What are they eating?
Clues:
•Primary production at the sea surface above seamounts, where orange roughy are found is approximately 200 g of carbon per square meter per year.
•Compared to the surrounding ocean waters, seamounts, have high biological productivity, and provide habitats for a variety of plants, animals, and microbial species.
•Orange Roughy are typically found in densities that are equivalent to 5 g of carbon per square meter per year.
•Orange Roughy consume approximately 1% of their body weight daily.
•Most photosynthesis in the ocean takes place in the upper 100 m of the water column. A portion of this primary production is consumed by zooplankton. Some zooplankton are consumed by planktivores, and a portion of the planktivores are in turn consumed by carnivores. Each stage is called a trophic level.
•Orange Roughy seed, primarily on small fishes, and squid, which pray on small crustaceans, primarily zooplankton, making them in the fourth trophic level.
•In general, the amount of energy available at a given trophic level is about 1/10 of the energy supplied by the previous trophic level.
Questions:
1. Estimate the amount of food (in grams of carbon per square meter per year) available to the orange roughy populations.
Hint: orange roughy are feeding at the fourth trophic level. So, the amount of food available is the amount provided by primary production, multiplied by 1/10 available from the second trophic level, multiplied by 1/10 available from the third trophic level.
2. Estimate the amount of food required by these populations (in grams of carbon per square meter per year).
Hint: orange roughy, consume 1% of their body weight daily, so in one year they consume 1% times 365 of their body weight. If the density of orange roughy is 5 g of carbon per square meter, then they require (5 g carbon per square meter) times 365%.
3. What are some possible sources of food, other than the primary production in the water directly around the orange roughy?
Hint: seamounts greatly alter current patterns, causing upwellings and circulation cells.
Answers
The amount of food available to the orange roughy populations is approximately 2 g of carbon per square meter per year.
Seamounts can play an important role in supporting the food web in deep waters and sustaining the orange roughy populations.
What is the amount of food available to the orange roughy populations?To estimate the amount of food available to the orange roughy populations, we can start with the primary production at the sea surface above seamounts, which is approximately 200 g of carbon per square meter per year.
However, since the orange roughy are feeding at the fourth trophic level, we need to multiply this value by 1/10 available from the second trophic level (zooplankton), and then by another 1/10 available from the third trophic level (planktivores).
Therefore, the amount of food available to the orange roughy populations is approximately 2 g of carbon per square meter per year (200 x 0.1 x 0.1).
To estimate the amount of food required by these populations,
The density of orange roughy is 5 g of carbon per square meter.
If we assume that the average weight of an orange roughy is 1 kg, then the number of orange roughy per square meter is 200 (since 1 kg = 1000 g and 5 g carbon per square meter = 0.005 kg).
Therefore, the amount of food required by these populations is approximately 36.5 g of carbon per square meter per year (5 x 200 x 0.01 x 365).
Seamounts alter current patterns, causing upwellings and circulation cells. These upwellings can bring nutrients from deeper waters to the surface, which can increase primary productivity in the water column. In addition, seamounts can provide habitats for a variety of plants, animals, and microbial species, which can serve as food sources for the orange roughy populations.
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What type of anaerobic respiration is performed by human muscles?
Answers
When you workout vigorously, your muscles engage in anaerobic respiration. Compared to aerobic respiration, less energy is released because glucose is not completely broken down.
When intense activity, lactic acid accumulates in the muscles.Anaerobic cellular respiration is similar to aerobic cellular respiration in that electrons are transferred through an electron transport chain generated by a fuel molecule, thereby speeding up ATP synthesis. Many microorganisms use sulfate (SO42-) to reduce to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as the final electron acceptor at the end of the transport chain, while others use nitrate (NO3-) to reduce to nitrite. Other nitrate reducers can further reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide (NO) or nitrogen gas.
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the 3rd consumer level in the food chain is never normally eaten explain what usually becomes of them.
Answers
Answer:
Plants and algae make their own food and are called producers. Level 2: Herbivores eat plants and are called primary consumers. Level 3: Carnivores that eat herbivores are called secondary consumers. Level 4: Carnivores that eat other carnivores are called tertiary consumers.
Explanation:
.....
how did Kettlewell directly studied the moths.
Answers
Answer:Dr. Kettlewell placed light and dark moths on the trunks of trees where he could observe them. He recorded the times a bird found the moth. ... This supported the idea that dark moths had a survival advantage in a dark forest.
Explanation:
i have read about it and did some research on him. this is correct
To directly study the moths, Kettlewell employed a technique called mark and recapture.
He conducted direct studies on moths to investigate the phenomenon of industrial melanism. Industrial melanism refers to the evolutionary adaptation of organisms, specifically the change in coloration, in response to environmental pollution, such as industrial soot.
He released marked moths of both forms into the wild and then recaptured them later to determine their survival rates. By comparing the proportion of marked moths that were recaptured in polluted and unpolluted areas, he was able to draw conclusions about the moths' adaptation and natural selection.
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The species ursus arctos, ursus maritimus, and ursus americanus are all members of the same genus. The classification of the three species supports which statement about them?.
Answers
The fact that the species ursus arctos, ursus maritimus, and ursus americanus are all members of the same genus implies that they share some common characteristics and ancestry.
They belong to the genus Ursus, which is a group of mammals commonly known as bears. These three species have some physical and behavioral similarities that are distinctive of the Ursus genus. They are all large mammals with powerful bodies and sharp claws that enable them to hunt and defend themselves. Also, they have a similar diet, feeding on meat, fish, and vegetation. However, despite their similarities, the three species have different adaptations that allow them to thrive in their unique environments. Ursus arctos, for instance, is commonly found in forests, while Ursus maritimus is adapted to live in cold Arctic environments. Ursus americanus, on the other hand, is commonly found in North American forests. Therefore, the classification of these species supports the idea that they are related but have distinct differences that enable them to survive in their respective habitats.
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what is 3+4 i need answers.
Answers
the answer is 7
3+4 = 7
In order for an organism to live, it must gain energy through
the processes of digestion (process of breaking down) and
____________ (process of releasing chemical energy).
Answers
In order for an organism to live, it must gain energy through the processes of digestion (the process of breaking down) and cellular respiration (the process of releasing chemical energy).
Digestion is the process by which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler forms that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. It begins in the mouth, where food is mechanically broken down through chewing and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that initiate the breakdown of carbohydrates. The partially digested food then moves to the stomach, where it is further broken down by stomach acid and enzymes. In the small intestine, enzymes from the pancreas and intestinal lining break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into their constituent molecules, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream.
Once the nutrients from digestion are absorbed into the bloodstream, they are transported to cells throughout the body. Cellular respiration occurs within the cells and is the process by which these nutrient molecules, primarily glucose, are oxidized to release energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This energy-rich ATP molecule is then utilized by cells for various metabolic processes, including growth, repair, and the synthesis of molecules necessary for life.
In summary, digestion breaks down complex food molecules into simpler forms that can be absorbed, and cellular respiration releases the chemical energy stored in these nutrient molecules, enabling the organism to obtain the energy necessary for its survival and physiological functions.
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asphyxia due to obstruction of airway by food bolus complicating acute alcohol intoxication is called___
Answers
Acute alcohol intoxication is a condition related to drinking an excess of liquor in a short measure of time. It's additionally called liquor harming.
Acute alcohol intoxication is a clinically destructive condition that typically follows the ingestion of a lot of liquor. Clinical indications are heterogeneous and include various organs and mechanical assemblies, with conduct, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, aspiratory, neurological, and metabolic impacts.
An enormous extent of the ethanol in alcohol is consumed into the blood from the stomach and the rest from the small digestive system. 7 The more drawn-out liquor stays in the stomach, the more it takes to be assimilated, bringing down the pace of inebriation.
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Which of the following plants creates a chemical compound that kills herbivores that eat it?
coconut
rose bush
corn
tobacco plant
Answers
Answer:
tobacco plant
Explanation:
because of the nicotine from tobacco
Answer:
tobacco plant
Explanation:
please help! ASAP giving 20 points!
Answers
A ball is rolling across a field with a force of 20 N. If the force of friction from the field is 3.7 N, what would be the net force of the ball?
Answers
Answer:
16.3 N
Explanation:
The net force acting on an object is essentially the sum of all its vector forces.
Here, one force is of the ball rolling. Because the force is in the same direction as where the ball is rolling, we will denote it as positive 20 N.
The second force is the force of friction. Friction is the force pushing against an object, so it's moving in the opposite direction as the ball. Hence, we denote that as negative 3.7 N.
Adding these, we get:
20 + (-3.7) = 16.3 N
fiberscopes are used for magnified, illuminated viewing of internal structures when there is no direct access between the eyepiece and the object. (the endoscope, another instrument which utilizes fiber optics, is used when there is a direct line of access to the structure being viewed). fiberscopes can negotiate multiple curves with small radii [6]. the angioscope, one type of fiberscope, is a slender medical instrument used for direct intraoperative visualization of the arterial lumen (a lumen is a cavity enclosed by cell walls). this instrument is introduced into the arterial system by either a special plastic tube inserted directly into the artery (catheterization) or directly through an incision into the artery (arteriotomy). direct visualization is accomplished by temporary obstruction of the blood flow and liquid purging in order to avoid the absorption of visual lumination energy by the blood [7].
Answers
Fiberscopes are specialized instruments that utilize fiber optics for magnified and illuminated viewing of internal structures when there is no direct access between the eyepiece and the object. They are particularly useful when navigating through structures with multiple curves of small radii.
One specific type of fiberscope is the angioscope, which is designed for direct intraoperative visualization of the arterial lumen. The arterial lumen refers to the cavity enclosed by the cell walls of an artery. The angioscope is introduced into the arterial system either through a special plastic tube inserted directly into the artery (catheterization) or through an incision made in the artery (arteriotomy).
To enable direct visualization, the angioscope utilizes a technique involving temporary obstruction of blood flow and liquid purging. This is done to prevent the absorption of visual illumination energy by the blood, which could hinder clear visualization of the arterial lumen.
In summary, fiberscopes, including the angioscope, play a crucial role in providing direct visual access to internal structures, especially within the arterial system, using fiber optic technology and specialized techniques to ensure clear and illuminated imaging.
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If the female marked by the arrow (individual 18) has a child with a male carrier, what is the probability their child will have attached earlobes?
Answers
Answer:
50%
Explanation:
Woman = aa
Man = Aa
Child Possibilities
Aa, Aa, aa, aa
Free
Attatched
Which phrase should be written in the column titled "always"? have a backbone are warm-blooded are multicellular eat plants
Answers
The correct phrase would be that warm-blooded animals always have a backbone.
What warm-blooded animals?They are animals whose body temperature does not fluctuate with the temperature of the environment.
Warm-blooded animals have a system in place that ensures that the temperature of their body does not fluctuate significantly. The process by which this is achieved is called homeostasis.
Warm-blooded animals are advanced animals in the chordate group. Chordates have notochords that develop into the brain and the spinal cord in several animals.
Thus, all warm-blooded animals always have a backbone.
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Answer:
Are multicellular
Explanation:
Correct on Edge
Which of the following best describes an example of how an enzyme inhibitor can work in a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme? (5 points)
The enzyme inhibitor catalyzes the reverse reaction, which counteracts the work of the enzyme.
The enzyme inhibitor fits into the enzyme's active site, which prevents the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction.
The enzyme inhibitor binds to the products of the reaction, which makes the work of the enzyme unproductive.
Answers
Answer:
The enzyme inhibitor fits into the enzyme's active site, which prevents the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction.
Explanation:
Answer: The enzyme inhibitor fits into the enzyme's active site, which prevents the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction.
Explanation:
calculate the number of target DNA copies present in each standard curve reaction tube prior to PCR amplification
Answers
The starting concentration of the DNA standard, the volume of the DNA solution used in the reaction tube, and any dilution factors applied is needed to calculate the number of target DNA copies.
Using the formula,
Number of target DNA copies = (Starting concentration × Volume of DNA solution) / Dilution factor,
you can determine the number of target DNA copies. Ensure consistent units are used for concentration and volume.
For example, if the starting concentration is 10^6 copies/μL, the volume used is 5 μL, and there is no dilution, the calculation would be (10^6 copies/μL × 5 μL) / 1 = 5 × 10^6 copies in the reaction tube prior to PCR amplification.
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Consists of one sugar, one base and 2 phosphates what is it
Answers
Answer:
Sugar phosphate backbone of DNA
Explanation:
What is the purpose of stems in plants?
Answers
Answer:
The primary functions of the stem are to support the leaves; to conduct water and minerals to the leaves, where they can be converted into usable products by photosynthesis; and to transport these products from the leaves to other parts of the plant, including the roots.
hope this helps
have a good day :)
Explanation:
Answer:
The primary functions of the stem are to support the leaves; to conduct water and minerals to the leaves, where they can be converted into usable products by photosynthesis; and to transport these products from the leaves to other parts of the plant, including the roots.
Explanation:
hope this helps
Which of the following is NOT observed at any point during mitosis?
Microtubule polymerization
Microtubule depolymerization
kinesin-like motor protein activity
Dynein-like motor protein activity
None of the above; All are observed during mitosis
Answers
The **NOT observed** event during mitosis is: **None of the above; All are observed during mitosis**.
In the process of mitosis, kinesin-like motor proteins play a crucial role in the proper segregation of chromosomes. These proteins interact with microtubules, assisting in the formation and function of the mitotic spindle. Since kinesin-like motor protein activity is indeed observed during mitosis, the correct answer is that all options listed are observed during mitosis. The purpose of mitosis is to create two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell, ensuring accurate distribution of genetic material. The involvement of motor proteins, such as kinesin, is essential for this process to be completed successfully.
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What would happen if the rate of evaporation reduces
Answers
Answer:
When temperature and wind speed are constant, but humidity increases, the rate of evaporation will decrease. When wind speed and humidity stay constant, and temperature increases, then the rate of evaporation will increase because warmer air can hold more water vapor than colder air.
Answer:
if the rate of evaporation reduces water cylcle will stops and amount of water present in the world will be increase.humifity will be more.
Why don’t urine mix with semen?
Answers
Because they leave the body by various paths and come from different areas of the body, urine, and semen don't usually mingle.
The kidneys create urine, which then passes via the ureters and is deposited in the bladder. The urethra, which is a distinct tube from the reproductive system, is where pee is released from the body when you urinate.
Contrarily, semen is created in the testicles and moves throughout the reproductive system. During sexual activity, it combines with fluids from the prostate gland and seminal vesicles to make semen, which is subsequently expelled by the urethra.
The internal urethral sphincter, a group of muscles located at the base of the bladder, closes off the passageway between the bladder and the urethra during ejaculation to stop urine from mixing with semen. With the help of this mechanism, semen is kept free from urine-related contaminates.
Even though it is theoretically possible for very minute amounts of pee to mix with semen if there is still urine in the urethra prior to ejaculation, the volumes are normally very minimal and it has no impact on the semen's general makeup or function.
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To______
means to allow another
road user to cross or use an intersection or
roadway before you do.
Answers
Answer: Yield
Explanation: Yielding is an important traffic rule that promotes safety and smooth flow of traffic. It is an important practice that helps maintain order on the roads and promotes safety for all road users. It's essential to be attentive, follow traffic signs and signals, and be aware of the right of way rules in your area to ensure a safe driving experience.
When you yield, you give the right of way to another driver or pedestrian. This means that you let them go first, even if it might inconvenience you or require you to slow down or stop.
Yielding is typically required in situations such as:
Yielding to pedestrians: When you approach a crosswalk or intersection where pedestrians are waiting to cross, you should yield to them and allow them to safely cross the road before you continue to drive. Drivers must yield to pedestrians within a crosswalk.
Yielding at intersections: When you approach an intersection where there are other vehicles, you should yield to those already in the intersection or approaching from the right. This helps prevent accidents and ensures a smooth flow of traffic.
Yielding when merging: When merging onto a highway or another lane, you should yield to the vehicles already in that lane. This allows for a safe and efficient merging process.
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In recent years, poaching in Africa has declined. Will the decrease of poaching lead to a return of more elephants with tusks in future generations?
Answers
A __________ is a membrane covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life
THANKS!
Answers
Answer:
a cell
Explanation:
hope it helps
hope it helps
When can two parent plants with purple flowers produce
offspring with white flowers?
Answers
Answer:
if purple is the dominant allele (P) and white is the recessive allele (p) then it would be possible if both parents had the genotype Pp, then it would be possible for both parents to pass on the recessive gene (p) and have offspring with white flowers
Explanation:
In this food web the owl eats the? help anyone because science is definitely not my thing???
Answers
Answer:
rabbit, both mice and the snake
Explanation:
the food chain is a transfer of energy between organisms, if it has a direct arrow, it is eaten by the organism being pointed to. Hope this helps!
Before the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most peppered moths found in and around Manchester, England, exhibited light-colored wings speckled with black. After the Industrial Revolution, peppered moths with dark wings became predominant in the area. Which term best describes the change from more light-colored moths to more dark-colored moths
Answers
Answer: The answer is adaption.
Explanation: In biology, adaptation has three related meanings. Firstly, it is the dynamic evolutionary process that fits organisms to their environment, enhancing their evolutionary fitness. Secondly, it is a state reached by the population during that process.
Answer:
adaptation, they adapt
Explanation:
The _________ provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body.
Answers
The vertebral foreman provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body. That begins at cervical vertebra and continues inferior to lumbar vertebra.
The opening of vertebra that is formed by neural arch and back portion of vertebral body and through which the spinal cord passes. The inter vertebral foreman is the opening between every two vertebrae where the nerve roots exits the spine.
These nerve roots are travel through the foreman to reach the rest of the body . There are also two neural foramina between each pair of vertebrae one on each side of the spinal cord.
Therefore, the vertebral foreman provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body. That begins at cervical vertebra and continues inferior to lumbar vertebra.
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What are short-lived climate pollutants?
Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) persist in the atmosphere for a few days to a few __ and they make the climate ___
blank 1-
decades
months
years
blank 2-
cold
warm
moist
Answers
Answer:
1. decades
2. warm
Explanation:
took the test
4
The cell membrane controls the rate at which molecules, such as water and oxygen,
enter the cell to maintain homeostasis. This rate is determined by the -
F permeability of the cell membrane
G mass of the nucleus
H stage of the cell cycle
J primary function of the cell
5
Some solutes move freely across cell membranes, while other solutes require
assistance from special gates. Passive transport and active transport are methods of
moving solutes across cell membranes.
Which of the following accurately describes the difference between passive transport
and active transport?
A Passive transport can move molecules both in and out of a cell, but active transport
cannot.
B Passive transport works against a concentration gradient, but active transport does
not.
C Passive transport does not require energy, but active transport does.
D Passive transport requires carrier proteins, but active transport does not.
Answers
Answer:
the first one is F, the permeability. the second is C
Question 4: The permeability of the cell membrane determines the rate at which molecules enter a cell.
Question 5: The statement that describes the difference between passive and active transport is "Passive transport does not require energy, but active transport does"
CELL MEMBRANE:
The cell membrane is the organelle that bounds the cell and its component.The cell membrane is referred to as a semipermeable membrane because it selectively allows the passage of molecules in and out of the cell. However, the rate at which molecules enter a cell is determined by the permeability of the cell membrane. The cell membrane is permeable to some molecules but not permeable to others.CELLULAR TRANSPORT:
The transport of substances in and out a cell can be of two types namely: active transport and passive transport. Active transport is the type of transport that involves the use of energy in form of ATP. In active transport, substance move against a concentration gradient. On the other hand, passive transport does not require energy input because movement of substances occur down a gradient. Therefore, the statement that describes the difference between passive and active transport is "Passive transport does not require energy, but active transport does".Learn more at: https://brainly.com/question/18067330?referrer=searchResults
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