pls help
Molecules move in and out of a cell by DIFFUSION. The picture shows a cell and molecules both inside and outside the cell. How will the molecules in this illustration move as a result of diffusion?
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Answer:
They will move into an external environment
Explanation:
I had this question on my test last week
Related Questions
Pl help it’s for a grade
Answers
Answer:
C. It acts only on objects that are at rest If an object is at rest then it is in static equilibrium which means the sum of the forces =0. Friction is applied to moving rigid bodiesI do exams and quizzes if your interested!!!Perceiving pain and assisting in regulating muscle reflexes, breathing, and arousal are all functions of the __________. A. Cerebral cortex B. Medulla C. Reticular formation D. Pons Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D.
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Answer: C
Explanation: The reticular formation is made up of interconnected nuclei that encroach into various segments of the brain and nervous system, and are therefore responsible for a variety of functions.
Help me please I think its B and D
Answers
Answer:
The answers are C and D.
Explanation:
Chromosome translocations can result from which of the following DNA repair mechanisms?
A. Mismatch repair
B. Non-homologous end joining
C. Nucleotide excision repair
D. All of these DNA repair mechanisms could result in chromosome translocations.
E. Homologous recombination repair
Answers
DNA repair processes such as homologous recombination repair can lead to chromosome translocation. Here option E is the correct answer.
Chromosome translocations are structural abnormalities that occur when a segment of DNA breaks off from one chromosome and becomes attached to a different chromosome. These events can result in rearrangements of genetic material and have significant implications for cellular function and human health.
Homologous recombination repair (HRR) is a DNA repair mechanism that utilizes a template from a homologous DNA molecule, typically the sister chromatid, to repair DNA double-strand breaks. During HRR, the broken DNA strands are processed, and the intact homologous sequence is used as a template to restore the original genetic information accurately.
However, errors in the repair process can occasionally lead to chromosomal rearrangements, including translocations. If the break occurs at or near repetitive sequences, misalignment or unequal crossing-over during HRR can result in the exchange of genetic material between non-homologous chromosomes, leading to translocations.
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What does the pituitary gland, shown in the image below, do?
Answers
Answer:
it is D duh
Explanation:
The pituitary gland releases hormone to regulate the endocrine system. The correct option is D.
What is pituitary gland?The pituitary gland is situated at the bottom of the brain and is no bigger than a pea. Nerve fibers and blood vessels connect the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus which is a component of the brain that affects the pituitary gland.
Your pituitary gland's main function is to produce and release several hormones that aid in important bodily functions such as growth. Metabolism and Reproduction.
Because it produces hormones that influence other endocrine glands, the pituitary gland is known as the "master gland" of the body. It is divided into two parts: anterior and posterior pituitary.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Solar power uses cells or panels to absorb the sun's energy. That energy is then used to create electricity. How does this compare to the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
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Solar power and the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis both utilize the energy from the sun to produce a form of energy.
What is solar power?In solar power, the sun's energy is absorbed by photovoltaic cells or panels, which then converts it into electricity that can be used to power homes, businesses, and other applications. In photosynthesis, the light energy is absorbed by pigments in the chloroplasts of plants, which then drives a series of chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen. The glucose is then used by the plant as an energy source.
So, while both processes make use of the sun's energy, they differ in terms of the form of energy produced and the specific mechanisms used to convert the sun's energy into a useful form. Solar power is a human-engineered technology that converts light energy into electricity, while photosynthesis is a natural process that occurs in plants and converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
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ASAP both questions please
1. During cell division in a plant cell you would not expect to see a
A. Centriole
B. Spindle
C. Cell plate
D. Chromosome
2. A twig from a willow tree placed in a bucket of water will soon sprout roots and can be planted to produce a new tree. This is an example of
A. Asexual reproduction
B. Sexual reproduction
C. Budding
D. Binary fission
Answers
Answer:
1)centriole
2)asexual reproduction
Which of these in NOT one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body? A) Connective tissue cell. B) Collagen cells. C) Neuron
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The collagen cell is not one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.
What are the four general categories of the cell that make up the human body?The four general categories of the cell that typically makes up the human body are as follows:
Epithelial Cells. These cells are tightly attached to one another and form the skin.Nerve Cells. These cells are specialized for communication and sens immediate response to and from the brain.Muscle Cells. These cells are specialized for contraction.Connective Tissue Cells. These cells are utilized in the circulation of blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the body.While Collagen is not a type of cell, but actually a type of protein produced by connective tissue cells called fibroblasts. It provides structural support to the extracellular space of connective tissues. Due to its rigidity and resistance to stretching, it is the perfect matrix for skin, tendons, bones, and ligaments.
Therefore, the collagen cell is not one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.
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Which reasons are the best for using only the fine-focus knob under high power? Select two.
The diaphragm will not open wide enough by using the fine-focus knob.
The stage or objectives move very little when the knob is turned.
The objective will not move enough to risk breaking the glass slide.
The coarse-focus knob will not turn when the microscope is set for high power.
Answers
Under high power, only the fine-focus knob should be used: When the knob is turned, neither the stage nor the goals move much. The objective won't move fast enough to put the glass slide at risk.
Option B and C are correct.
What exactly are the purposes of microscopes?A microscope is a tool for magnifying small objects. Some microscopes can be used to study an object even at the cellular level, allowing researchers to observe the shape of a cell as well as its nucleus, mitochondria, and other organelles.
To precisely adjust the specimen's focus, use the Fine Focus knob. Also, featuring explicit region of the specimen is utilized. Before switching to the fine focus knob for fine tuning, the coarse focus knob should be used frequently to get close. Move the fine adjustment knob with care in your body's direction. You might not be able to turn this knob all the way around.
Incomplete question:Which reasons are the best for using only the fine-focus knob under high power? Select two.
A. The diaphragm will not open wide enough by using the fine-focus knob.
B. The stage or objectives move very little when the knob is turned.
C. The objective will not move enough to risk breaking the glass slide.
D. The coarse-focus knob will not turn when the microscope is set for high power.
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Genes contain specific instructions for how to make (1 point)
O nucleotides.
O carbon.
O proteins.
O gametes.
Answers
Answer:
Proteins
Explanation:
Your genes contain instructions that tell your cells to make molecules called proteins. Proteins perform various functions in your body to keep you healthy. Each gene carries instructions that determine your features, such as eye colour, hair colour and height.
A molecule of pyruvate undergoes the preparatory reactions and enters the Krebs cycle. Indicate the order in which the following processes occur.
1.Acetyl-CoA donates its two carbon atoms to a 4-carbon molecule to produce citric acid (a 6-carbon molecule)
2. Carbon atoms are removed one at a time from citric acid to form a 4-carbon molecule and electrons are donated to energy carriers.
3. A molecule of ATP is produced
4. A series of reactions recreates oxalocetate ( a 4-carbon molecule). Electrons are donated to additional electron carriers in the process.
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The correct order of the processes involved in the conversion of pyruvate to the Krebs cycle: 1>2>3>4, Acetyl-CoA donates its two carbon atoms to a 4-carbon molecule to produce citric acid to finally lead to the production of ATP.
1. Citric acid (a 6-carbon molecule) is created when acetyl-CoA gives its two carbon atoms to a 4-carbon molecule.
Pyruvate is subjected to decarboxylation during the preliminary processes, which releases a carbon dioxide molecule and produces acetyl-CoA. Oxaloacetate and the two carbon atoms in acetyl-CoA combine to form citric acid, often known as citrate, a 6-carbon molecule. This step initiates the Krebs cycle.
2. Within the Krebs cycle, citric acid undergoes a series of chemical transformations. It loses carbon atoms through decarboxylation reactions, releasing carbon dioxide, and eventually regenerates oxaloacetate, the starting 4-carbon molecule. High-energy electrons are transported to electron carriers like NAD+ and FAD during this process, changing them into NADH and FADH₂, respectively. These electron carriers will be used in the electron transport chain.
3. A 4-carbon molecule is created by successively removing carbon atoms from the molecule in the form of carbon dioxide. At the same time, these reactions transfer high-energy electrons to energy carriers such as NAD⁺ and FAD, forming NADH and FADH₂. The electrons carried by these molecules will later be used in oxidative phosphorylation.
4. While ATP is not directly generated during the Krebs cycle itself, the high-energy electron carriers (NADH and FADH₂) produced during the cycle participate in the electron transport chain (ETC) in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The ETC harnesses the energy from the electrons to pump protons across the membrane, creating a proton gradient. The production of ATP is then caused by a process known as oxidative phosphorylation through ATP synthetase.
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Genetic cause of Type 1 Diabetes described
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Although a number of risk factors have been discovered, the exact origins of type 1 diabetes are unknown. A number of HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphisms enhance the risk of type 1 diabetes.
What hereditary factors contribute to diabetes?Monogenic diabetes is brought on by alterations, or mutations, in just one gene. The majority of the time, these alterations are passed down through families, but occasionally a gene mutation occurs randomly. By reducing the pancreas' capacity to produce insulin, the majority of these gene abnormalities lead to diabetes.
Is diabetes caused by a genetic mutation?Monogenic diabetes is a rare disease brought on by alterations (mutations) in just one gene. diabetes , the most prevalent forms of diabetes, type 1 and type 2, are brought on by a number of genes
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What type of mutation would most likely cause a sequence alter such that the protein is now much shorter than it should be
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A type of mutation that would most likely cause a sequence alteration resulting in a much shorter protein is a frameshift mutation, specifically a nonsense mutation.
Frameshift mutations occur when there is an insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotide bases in the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame. This altered reading frame changes the sequence of amino acids in the resulting protein.
Nonsense mutations are a subtype of frameshift mutations, in which a premature stop codon is introduced into the sequence. This early stop signal terminates the translation process, leading to a truncated protein that is shorter than the normal version. The new protein may not function properly or may be completely nonfunctional, as crucial parts of the protein structure may be missing.
Such mutations can have significant effects on an organism's phenotype and may result in genetic diseases or developmental abnormalities. Understanding the role of frameshift and nonsense mutations in protein synthesis is important for the study of gene function and genetic disorders.
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What are 3 things that affect the speed of an enzyme
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9. Which of these describes the primary structure
of a protein?
A. the three-dimensional shape of the protein
B. the sequence of the amino acids in the protein
C. the arrangement of multiple polypeptide
chains
D. the folding of the protein into sheets and
spirals
Answers
The primary structure of a protein the sequence of the amino acids in the protein.
The correct option is B.
What are amino acid?Proteins are composed of molecules called amino acids. Proteins and amino acids are the elements of life. Amino acids are the byproducts of the digestion or degradation of proteins. Amino acids are being used by the body to create proteins that aid in the digesting of meals.
What makes amino acids so important?Body protein as well as other vital nitrogen-containing substances including creatine, peptidases, and some neurotransmitters cannot be formed without amino acids. Although limits are expressed in terms of protein, amino acids are a biological necessity.
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what is the evolutionary advantage of bacteria producing restriction endonucleases?
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The evolutionary advantage of bacteria producing restriction endonucleases is that it allows them to protect themselves against invading viruses called bacteriophages.
The restriction enzymes cut the viral DNA, rendering it inactive. This prevents the viruses from using the host bacteria as a host cell and subsequently replicating. This ability to recognize and cut foreign DNA is a defense mechanism that protects the bacteria against bacteriophages. This advantage helps the bacteria to evolve and continue to survive in a changing environment.Restriction endonucleases (REs) are enzymes used in molecular biology to cleave DNA. They have been used as biotechnological tools to produce transgenic organisms for bioremediation and therapeutic purposes, as well as to produce restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) maps.
REs cleave DNA at specific locations, allowing for the separation of DNA fragments and enabling scientists to conduct gene mapping and cloning studies.In conclusion, the evolutionary advantage of bacteria producing restriction endonucleases is that it allows them to protect themselves against viral infections, which in turn allows them to evolve and continue to survive in a changing environment. These enzymes are also useful in molecular biology research, as they allow for the production of transgenic organisms and RFLP maps.
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Predict how each mutation would affect the amount (mass) of DNA in Calix's cells.
Point
Mutation
Chromosomal
Rearrangement
Nondisjunction
Mass of DNA
Increase Decrease No Change
0
Answers
The correct answers are:
Point Mutation: No change in the mass of DNA.Chromosomal Rearrangement: Possible increase or decrease in the mass of DNA.Nondisjunction: Possible increase or decrease in the mass of DNA.Point Mutation: A point mutation refers to a change in a single nucleotide base within the DNA sequence. Depending on the specific alteration, the impact on the mass of DNA in Calix's cells can vary. In most cases, a point mutation would not significantly affect the overall mass of DNA, as it involves a substitution, insertion, or deletion of a single nucleotide.Chromosomal Rearrangement: Chromosomal rearrangements involve larger-scale changes in the structure or arrangement of chromosomes. These alterations can result in a change in the overall mass of DNA in Calix's cells. For instance, certain rearrangements, like duplications or translocations, can increase the mass of DNA due to the presence of additional genetic material and on the other hand, deletions or inversions can lead to a decrease in the mass of DNA by removing or rearranging segments of the chromosome. Nondisjunction: Nondisjunction is a mutation that occurs during cell division, leading to an abnormal distribution of chromosomes. It can result in an imbalance in the genetic material and affect the mass of DNA. In some cases, nondisjunction can cause an increase or decrease in the mass of DNA depending on whether an extra chromosome or a missing chromosome is present, respectively.In conclusion, a point mutation typically does not affect the mass of DNA in Calix's cells, while chromosomal rearrangements and nondisjunction can potentially result in an increase or decrease in the mass of DNA.
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Why are viruses considered nonliving but bacteria are considered living? Give two reasons.
Not a long life story but a simple two reasons.
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Answer:
1-Viruses also lack the properties of living things: They have no energy metabolism, they do not grow, they produce no waste products, and they do not respond to stimuli.
2-They also don't reproduce independently but must replicate by invading living cells.
what is the most likely reason for why the hearts of some vertebrates evolved to have four chambers, when ancestral fish had only two chambers?
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Answer: The most likely reason for why the hearts of some vertebrates evolved to have four chambers when ancestral fish had only two chambers is because a four-chambered heart allows for a more efficient separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Animals with a four-chambered heart have an efficient circulatory system that enables them to deliver oxygen to their tissues effectively. The four-chambered heart is a result of a morphological evolution from the original two-chambered heart. It is more efficient because of the separation of the oxygen-rich blood and the oxygen-poor blood into two different chambers, allowing for more effective oxygenation of the blood.
The atrium and ventricle of a two-chambered heart pump blood together into a single artery. On the other hand, the four-chambered heart separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, making it easier to transport blood to the body. In the heart of four-chambered animals, deoxygenated blood flows to the lungs from the right side, while oxygenated blood flows to the rest of the body from the left side.
Thus, the most likely reason for why the hearts of some vertebrates evolved to have four chambers when ancestral fish had only two chambers is that a four-chambered heart allows for a more efficient separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
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an operon is controlled by a repressor. when the repressor binds to a small molecule, it binds to dna near the operon. the operon is constitutively expressed if a mutation prevents the repressor from binding to the small molecule. the type of control illustrated is:
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A repressor regulates an operon. The repressor attaches to DNA close to the operon when it binds to a tiny molecule. If a mutation disables the repressor from attaching to the chemical, the operon is upregulated.
What is operon and its function?Genes for functionally related proteins are linked together on the DNA in a structure called an operon, which is a mechanism for microbial and viral genetic control. This quality allows for the continuous control of protein synthesis in response to cell needs.
How do operons develop?In theory, loss or rearrangement can result in the formation of new operons. First, genomic reorganizations may bring two families that were never previously close to one another into contact, allowing for co-transcription.
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Why does water run through gravel quickly?
A.Gravel has a high porosity (lots of holes)
B.Gravel has a low porosity (few holes)
C.Gravel does not have a porosity which makes the water move quickly
Answers
Answer: I belive it is A
Explanation:
Gravel is not packet super tight like say dirt is. The small spaces between the tiny chunks of rock and mineral that are present in gravel allow water too smoothly slide in.
Which organism is NOT likely to carry out Cellular respiration? a) tree b) mushroom c) anaerobic bacterium d) tiger
Answers
Answer:
it would be anaerobic bacterium
(I did some research on my notes and that is what I found)
hope this helps
Answer:
C) anaerobic bacterium
Explanation:
Anaerobic in simple terms pretty much means without oxygen. Anaerobic bacterium go through a process called anaerobic respiration that substitutes energy for oxygen . So basically anaerobic organisms don't use oxygen which is needed for cellular respiration.
Solute contributes to the movement of water between intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid by:________
Answers
The answer is osmotic pressure.
Solute contributes to the movement of water between intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid by: osmotic pressure
What is osmotic pressure?
Osmosis is the process by which water moves from a region with a low concentration of solute to one with a higher concentration. Atoms, ions, or molecules dissolved in a liquid are known as solutes. The total amount of particles dissolved in the fluid determines the rate of osmosis. The rate of osmosis increases with the number of particles that dissolve.
Water will move to the region with the highest solute concentration if a membrane is present. The pressure produced by water across a membrane as a result of osmosis is known as osmotic pressure. The osmotic pressure rises in direct proportion to the amount of water crossing the membrane.
Osmotic pressure can be determined using the equation shown here:
π = iMRT
π = osmotic pressure
i = van't Hoffs factor
M = Molar concentration of solution (mol/ L)
R = Ideal gas constant (0.08206 L atm mol] K1)
T = Temperature in Kelvin (K)
The molar concentration is determined by dividing the number of
grams of solute used to make the solution by the molecular weight
of the solute.
van't Hoff's factor is a measure of thenumber of ions a solute will
form when dissolved in water.
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explain what eutrophication means; describe the processes leading to eutrophication in words; determine the limiting nutrient; calculate algae production from the limiting nutrient; and discuss appropriate approaches to minimize eutrophication based on the limiting nutrient.
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Eutrophication is the system by way of which an entire frame of water, or parts of it, becomes progressively enriched with minerals and nutrients.
Especially nitrogen and phosphorus. It has also been defined as a nutrient-precipitated boom in phytoplankton productiveness. Eutrophication is a herbal manner that results from the accumulation of vitamins in lakes or other bodies of water. Algae that feed on nutrients develop into the water floor, decreasing value and water intake pipes.
Nutrient enrichment happens due to runoff from agricultural fields and so on. The rapid increase of algae and different plankton resulted in an algal bloom. Dissolved oxygen depletion and toxin era. Aquatic species die because of the loss of oxygen and manufacturing.
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5. Describe the metabolic pathways in the monarch butterfly that take advantage of milkweed nectar to convert it into an energy currency.
A) Include details about the three phases of cellular respiration as they relate to sugar metabolism.
B) Where (or how) would sucrose enter the pathways?
Answers
Milkweed nectar is rich in a sugar, which is called sucrose. This sugar is a disaccharide, made of glucose and fructose. Sugar is broken down into glucose and fructose in the body, using an enzyme called invertase.
The three phases of cellular respiration are as:
Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is converted into energy. In glycolysis, two ATP molecules are made per glucose molecule. Two NADH molecules are also made. Aerobic organisms, such as monarch butterflies, can further process sugars. In the mitochondria, one CO₂ molecule is removed from the sugar, and one NADH is produced.The Kreb cycle is a series of eight enzymatic reactions that produce energy in the form of ATP. In the Kreb cycle, acetyl-CoA is completely oxidized to produce carbon dioxide. This process is aided by the production of NADH, FADH₂, and a molecule of GTP. Oxaloacetate is regenerated to continue the cycle.Oxidative phosphorylation is the process that generates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient is used by the V ETC complex to generate energy. The V ETC complex is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and as protons flow back and forth through the complex, it catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to produce ATP.Learn more about cellular respiration https://brainly.com/question/14158795
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What is the most important consideration for a person who wants to build muscle? Percentage of protein in the diet O Regular strength training Type of protein consumed from animal or plant sources
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Answer:
A perfect balance of both exercise and protein consumption is necessary for optimal muscle growth.
And generally speaking animal meat is more efficiency source of protein but if you are vegetarian you can also get protein from substitutes such as paneer or tofu. Combine that with a healthy amount of protein powder, you will get to see the results, slowly but surely
A scientist wants to determine the age of a rock. The rock contains an index fossil and an ancient relative of a living organism. Which is more useful for dating the rock, and why?
Answers
An index fossil will be more useful in dating the rock than ancient relative because carbon dating can be performed using the fossil which will give more accurate details rather than the relative dating performed using ancient relative.
Index fossil is any preserved remains of the plant or animal that is particularly useful for the dating purposes. It is useful for determining the geological periods. Most of the rocks that contain the index fossil are found in marine environment.
Carbon dating is the process of determining the age of ancient objects or fossils. In this the amount of radioactive carbon is measured as the rest forms of carbons stop being absorbed but radioactive carbon continues to decay even after an organism dies.
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if you consume one molecule of pyruvate , how many ATP molecules you are going to produce ?
1 NADH -> 3 ATP
1 FADH2 -> 2 ATP
Answers
A single molecule of pyruvate will generate 15 ATP molecules.
Pyruvate is an important chemical constituent according to biochemical science. It is the molecule that is produced from glycolysis, a process by which energy is derived from glucose. The carboxylate group of pyruvate is removed as carbon dioxide. The synthesized acetyl group is stimulated through its association with Coenzyme-A, thus, producing Acetyl Coenzyme-A.
The TCA cycle generates 15 ATP molecules through oxidation of Acetyl Co-A. Through oxidative decarboxylation as well as Krebs cycle, a single molecule of pyruvate (containing 3 Carbon atoms) gives rise to 4 molecules of NADH, a single molecule of FADH2 as well as one molecule of ATP.
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To deter- mine how long an SPF will protect a person from burning in the Sun, multi- ply the amount of time the person can spend in the Sun before starting to burn by the SPF rating. If an individual who usually burns in 10 min uses a product with an SPF of 15, how long will the protection last?
Answers
Answer:
Take the time you would normally burn in the sun without protection, 20 minutes will normally produce redness on a light skinned individual. Multiply this number by the SPF of your product. Example: with an SPF 15 x 20 minutes of sun time = 300 … is how many minutes you can stay in the sun without burning.
which of the following statements is true with respect to the genetic risk of cancer? group of answer choices an individual's risk of developing cancer is influenced by genetic as well as environmental and lifestyle factors. hodgkin's disease is directly caused by exposure to radiation and is not linked to heredity. scientists think that the majority of cancer types are hereditary. women who inherit the brca1 or brca2 genes will develop breast cancer by age 50.
Answers
An individual's risk of developing cancer is influenced by genetic as well as environmental and lifestyle factors is true with respect to the genetic risk of cancer. Option (1)
Cancer cannot be inherited by a kid from a parent. Moreover, tumor cell genetic alterations are not transmissible. Yet, if a genetic alteration that raises the risk of cancer is found in a parent's sperm or egg cells, it can be passed down (inherited).
What exactly is a cancer risk gene?The p53 or TP53 gene is the one that is most frequently altered in cancer patients. Almost 50% of tumors have a defective or absent p53 gene. Most mutations in the p53 gene are acquired. Although germline p53 mutations are uncommon, those who have them have an increased chance of developing a wide range of cancers.
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which of the following statements is true with respect to the genetic risk of cancer? group of answer choices
an individual's risk of developing cancer is influenced by genetic as well as environmental and lifestyle factors. hodgkin's disease is directly caused by exposure to radiation and is not linked to heredity. scientists think that the majority of cancer types are hereditary. women who inherit the brca1 or brca2 genes will develop breast cancer by age 50.