To synthesize deet using an acid chloride instead of comu, the first step would be to react the acid chloride with diethylamine to form the corresponding amide. This reaction would require one equivalent of diethylamine for each equivalent of the acid chloride.
Once the amide is formed, it can be treated with thionyl chloride to convert the amide functional group to a chloride. This reaction would require one equivalent of thionyl chloride for each equivalent of the amide.
Finally, the resulting chloride can be reacted with 3-methylbenzoyl chloride to form deet. This reaction would require one equivalent of 3-methylbenzoyl chloride for each equivalent of the chloride intermediate.
Overall, this synthesis would require three equivalents of diethylamine, one equivalent of thionyl chloride, and one equivalent of 3-methylbenzoyl chloride. The use of an acid chloride instead of comu can simplify the synthesis and reduce costs.
To synthesize DEET, we can start with m-toluic acid, which has a carboxylic acid group. The first step is to convert the carboxylic acid group into an acid chloride. This can be achieved by reacting m-toluic acid with thionyl chloride (SOCl2). The resulting compound is m-toluoyl chloride.
Next, we will introduce diethylamine. Since the reaction between acid chloride and an amine typically proceeds in a 1:1 ratio, we'll use one equivalent of diethylamine. Reacting m-toluoyl chloride with diethylamine will result in the formation of DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) through an amide bond. This two-step synthesis process, involving the generation of an acid chloride and its subsequent reaction with diethylamine, is an efficient approach to obtaining DEET.
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Using the following balanced equation, how many moles of NaCl can be produced from 0.314 moles of Na3PO4?
equation : 3 FeCl2 + 2 Na3PO4 6 NaCl + Fe3(PO4)2
Answer: 0.942 moles of NaCl
Explanation:
for every 2 moles of Na3PO4 that react, 6 moles of NaCl form
therefore, to find how many moles of NaCl for we use this formula:
0.314 moles Na3PO4 * (6/2) = 0.942 moles of NaCl
Which term describes the information that a scientist gathers during an investigation? Data, hypothesis, observation, variable and why HURRY
During the research, the scientists collect the details and observations based on the information called data. Thus, option A is accurate.
What is data?A data is set of facts and observations including textual information, graphs, images, etc. It includes all the measurements and observations collected during the research work. The hypothesis is a thesis statement or a theory.
Observation in research is the gained information and facts during the research process that involves the recording of the data using some sort of tools. While variable is the set that can vary or change.
Therefore, the correct option is A. data.
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Too much or too little of any physical or chemical factor can prevent the growth of a population, even if all other factors are at or near the optimum conditions. What is this ecological principle?.
Even if all other elements are at or close to the ideal range of tolerance, the limiting factor principle states that too much or too little of any physical or chemical factor can restrict or prevent population increase. Some species have a remarkable capacity for population growth.
Even when all other elements are at or close to their ideal levels, too much or too little of any physical or chemical factor might stop population increase. This ecological principle, what is it?
Food, water, habitat, and mates are the typical ecological limiting variables. The carrying capacity of an environment will depend on the accessibility of these elements. Demand for food increases along with population growth. Given the scarcity of food, organisms will start vying for it.
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what is the term for the pressure exerted by the vapor of liquid until the vapor and the liquid are in equilibrium
The term for the pressure exerted by the vapor of a liquid until equilibrium with the liquid is reached is called vapor pressure.
Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by the vapor of a substance when the vapor and the liquid are in a state of dynamic equilibrium. In a closed system, when a liquid evaporates, its molecules transition from the liquid phase to the gas phase. As these gas molecules accumulate above the liquid surface, they exert a pressure on the liquid, creating the vapor pressure.
Vapor pressure is temperature-dependent and increases with an increase in temperature. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy to the liquid molecules, allowing more molecules to escape from the liquid phase into the gas phase. Conversely, at lower temperatures, fewer molecules have sufficient energy to escape, resulting in a lower vapor pressure.
Vapor pressure plays a crucial role in various phenomena, such as evaporation, boiling, and condensation. It is also important in fields like thermodynamics, phase equilibrium, and the behavior of volatile substances.
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Formulate a hypothesis based on something recently observed.
And How could this hypothesis be tested?
Answer:
If garlic repels fleas, then a dog that is given garlic every day will not get fleas. Bacterial growth may be affected by moisture levels in the air. If sugar causes cavities, then people who eat a lot of candy may be more prone to cavities.
Explanation:
Mallory discovered that Fluorine (F) is found in Group 17, Period 2 on the periodic table. Where should Mallory look to find another element that has similar
properties to those of Fluorine?
O on the opposite side of the periodic table
O at elements whose symbols begin with the letter F
O in Period 2
O in Group 17
Answer:
I think in period 2
Explanation:
Mallory should look to find another element that has similar properties to those of Fluorine in Group 17 and is denoted as option D.
What is a Periodic table?This is defined as the arrangement of elements based on their atomic number in a tabular form. It consists of 18 vertical columns which are referred to as groups and seven horizontal rows called period.
Group 17 contains halogens such as fluorine, iodine etc and they have similar properties which is therefore the reason why it should be looked at for another element in this type of scenario.
This is also the most appropriate choice is option D.
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please help me ill give brainlest
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Uneven heat distribution
Need this done by 10:20
1.37 gram of cupric oxide on reduction with hydrogen gas gives 1.098gram of copper and in next experiment 1.17 gram of copper produce 1.476gram of copper oxide illustrate this satisfy law of definite proportion
Answer: This satisfies the law of definite proportion or constant proportion and it can be proven below.
Explanation:
The law of constant or definite proportion states that all pure samples of the same compound no matter how they are made; are made up of the same elements combined in the same proportion by mass. The can be verified by finding the ratio of copper to oxygen in the both experiment listed above.
In the first experiment:
1.37 g of cupric oxide contains 1.098 g copper therefore oxygen = 1.37 − 1.098
=0.272 g
The ratio of copper to oxygen is=
1.098 ÷ 0.272
= 4:1
In the SECOND or next experiment:
1.476 g of cupric oxide contains 1.17 g copper Therefore oxygen = 1.476−1.17
=0.306g
The ratio of copper to oxygen is =
=1.176 ÷ 0.306
=3.8:1
Which is approximately≃4:1.
In conclusion, despite the different methods of the experiments, composition of copper of copper in the two different samples are the same and the cupric oxide obtained from different sources contain the same elements ( copper and oxygen) combined in the SAME ratio.
Three separate samples of an unknown gas were bubbled through water and collected in a closed container of variable volume. the masses of the gas samples were determined by measuring the mass of the flask containing the pure gas before and after each introduction of gas into the water/sealed container apparatus. given that the atmospheric pressure was 756.5mmhg throughout, and the vapor pressure of water at the experimental temperature was 22.0mmhg, calculate the molecular weight of the unknown gas: trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 temperature (c) 24.5 23.8 23.8 initial mass 12.4510g 12.3585g 12.2802g final mass 12.3585g 12.2802g 12.1708g volume collected 40.15ml 33.62ml 45.34ml
The presence of a contaminant gas would increase the measured mass of the gas sample.
The calculated molecular weight of the unknown gas would be artificially decreased due to the presence of a lighter contaminant gas.
If the sample of the unknown gas was contaminated with another gas of lower molecular weight, it would affect the measurements and the calculated molecular weight in the following ways:
Measurements: The presence of the contaminant gas would increase the overall mass of the collected gas mixture. Since the mass measurements are based on the difference between the initial and final masses, the measured mass of the unknown gas would be higher than if it were pure. This is because the contaminant gas adds to the mass measured during the experiment.
Calculated Molecular Weight: The presence of the contaminant gas would affect the calculated molecular weight of the unknown gas. Since the molecular weight of the contaminant gas is lower than that of the unknown gas, it would artificially decrease the calculated molecular weight of the unknown gas.
This is because the calculated molecular weight is derived from the ratio of the measured mass to the number of moles, and the presence of the lighter contaminant gas would result in a lower number of moles being calculated.
Hence, the presence of a contaminant gas in the unknown gas sample would lead to an overestimation of the mass and an underestimation of the molecular weight of the unknown gas in the experimental calculations.
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Here is the complete question:
Three separate samples of an unknown gas were bubbled through water and collected in a closed container of variable volume. The masses of the gas samples were determined by measuring the mass of the flask containing the pure gas before and after each introduction of gas into the water/sealed container apparatus. Given that the atmospheric pressure was 756.5mmHg throughout, and the vapor pressure of water at the experimental temperature was 22.0mmHg, calculate the molecular weight of the unknown gas:
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
Temperature (*C) 24.5 23.8 23.8
Initial Mass 12.4510 g 12.3585 g 12.2802 g
Final Mass 12.3585 g 12.2802 g 12.1708 g
Volume Collected 40.15 mL 33.62 mL 45.34 mL
Suppose the sample of the unknown gas was, in fact, not pure, but instead was contaminated with another gas whose molecular weight was lower than that of the unknown. How would this affect the measurements? How would it affect the calculated molecular weight?
A container holds 3.4 mL of gas and is at 1.2 atm. What will the volume
be when the pressure decreases to 0.80 atm?
V₂=
P₁V₁
P₂
(1.2 atm)(3.4 mL)
0.80 atm
V₁₂ =
Answer:
V 5.4L
Explanation:
When K-37 undergoes positron emission, what is the resulting atom?
A) K-37
B) K-38
C) Ar-37
D) Ar-38
Answer:
C) Ar-37
Explanation:
A positron is a positively charged electron. It has the same mass as that of an electron, but opposite charge. It is the counterpart of an electron.
The reaction involving the emission of a positron by k-37 would produce a Ar-37, which is an unstable isotope of Argon. In this emission, there must not be a particle loss or creation, the addition of the mass number and proton number on LHS must be the sane as that on RHS of the equation.
An isotope is ability of an element to exist in two or more forms with the same atomic number but different mass number.
Which human activity has the most significant impact on increased temperature in the atmosphere?
What number need to go in front of ty HCI to balance the equation?
3H2 + 3Cl2 - ?HCI
The equations in relativity theory that describe motion have many terms. They work at low velocities as well as at near-light speeds, although at everyday velocities many terms essentially go to zero. At everyday speeds, the relativity motion equations become equivalent to ________.
The equations in relativity theory that describe motion have many terms. They work at low velocities as well as at near-light speeds, although at everyday velocities many terms essentially go to zero. At everyday speeds, the relativity motion equations become equivalent to classical Newtonian mechanics.
The motion of macroscopic objects in the absence of relativistic effects is the subject of classical Newtonian mechanics, a subfield of physics. It is based on Sir Isaac Newton's 17th-century formulation of the principles of motion. These laws offer a foundation for comprehending how objects respond to applied forces.
According to classical mechanics, the three laws of motion are:
The law of inertia states that unless a net external force acts upon an object, it will continue to be at rest or move at a constant speed.
The law of acceleration states that an object's acceleration is inversely proportional to its mass and directly proportional to the net force acting on it. F=ma in mathematics, where F is the net force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration.
The law of cause and effect states that every action has a corresponding, opposing reaction.
The idea of conservation laws, such as the conservation of energy and the conservation of momentum, is also a part of classical mechanics. According to these rules, unless other forces are acting on a system, the total amount of energy and momentum in that system stays constant.
In engineering and daily life, classical mechanics is frequently used to explain how objects move, including how machines, vehicles, and projectiles behave. Although relativistic effects can be disregarded, it can only be applied to systems where the speeds and energies involved are substantially slower than the speed of light.
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A student dissolves ethanol (C2H5OH) in distilled water. In another container, he dissolves CaCl2, in distilled water. Will either of the solutions conduct electricity? If so which one?
Plz Help!
Answer: The CaCl2 solution will conduct electricity.
Answer:
i think that the CaCl2 solution will conduct electricity
Explanation:
im not sure but if im wrong im sorry
Iron (Fe) is an effective conductor of heat and electricity. Which other element is MOST likely to
have similar conductivities?
(A) potassium (K)
(B) nickel (Ni)
(C)bromine (Br)
(D) krypton (Kr)
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Conductors are able to conduct electricity and temperature. Most of the metals, metalloids and alloys are conducting. Like iron (Fe) nickel is a good conductor.
What is conductivity?Conductivity is a physical property of substances indicates the ability to conduct heat and electricity. Substances like metals are conductors because of the presence of free electrons in them.
The flow of free electrons in solids make the substance conducting. Substances which does not conduct is called insulators and those which conduct partially is called semiconductors.
Gases and liquids with fewer electrons are not conducting. Thus bromine is not a conductor. Krypton is a noble gas and is not conducting, potassium does not conduct electricity but it is thermally conducting.
Hence nickel (Ni) is the element having similar conductivity of iron. Thus option B is correct.
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Calculate the mass, in grams, of 502 atoms of iron ,Fe (1 mol of Fe has a mass of 55.85g).
Answer:
mass of iron in grams = 1.493×\(10^{-23}\) g
Explanation:
Since one mole of anything is equal to 6.022×\(10^{23}\) of that thing, we can apply that to atoms as well. 1 mol of iron = 55.85g. i.e. the molar mass of iron = 55.85g/mol.
To find the number of moles present, we can divide the number of atoms by the number of atoms in 1 mole, i.e Avogadro's Constant (6.022×\(10^{23}\)).
\(\frac{N}{N_{A}} = n\)
∴ n(Fe) = 502/6.022×\(10^{23}\) = 8.3361×\(10^{-22}\) mol of iron
Finally, to find the mass of iron present, we can divide the number of moles by the molar mass.
\(\frac{n}{M}} = m\)
∴ m(Fe) = 8.3361×\(10^{-22}\)/55.85 = 1.493×\(10^{-23}\) g. (4 sig. fig.)
In a pure sample CH₂F₂, what forces of attraction exists between molecules?
Answer: what is this give more esplanation
Explanation:
The forces of attraction that are present or exist between molecules of \(CH_2F_2\) are as follows:
Dipole-dipole interaction.Hydrogen bonding.London Dispersion force. What is the Force of attraction?The force of attraction may be defined as a type of property that pulls the body towards its surface. It is the one through which atoms in molecules or elements are held together with different characteristics on the basis of their structure and functions.
It is known that fluorine has a higher electronegativity than carbon atoms. This difference in electronegativity is responsible for constructing a polar molecule. This significantly illustrates dipole-dipole interaction. It also demonstrates London-dispersion force which refers to the force between atoms and molecules.
It is a mechanism that overall represents the characteristics of each and every element specifically. The force of attraction governs the stability and functionality of the element and molecule as well.
Therefore, The forces of attraction that are present or exist between molecules of \(CH_2F_2\) are Dipole-dipole interaction, Hydrogen bonding, and the London Dispersion forces.
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How many molecules of NH3 will be produced if I use 10g of H2?
Answer:
20.05 ×10²³ molecules
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of hydrogen = 10 g
Number of molecules of ammonia = ?
Solution:
Chemical equation:
3H₂ + N₂ → 2NH₃
Number of moles of hydrogen:
Number of moles = mass / molar mass
Number of moles = 10 g / 2 g/mol
Number of moles = 5 mol
now we will compare the moles of hydrogen and ammonia.
H₂ : NH₃
3 : 2
5 : 2/3×5 = 3.33 mol
Number of molecules of ammonia:
1 mole contain 6.022 ×10²³ molecules
3.33 mol × 6.022 ×10²³ molecules / 1 mol
20.05 ×10²³ molecules
An atom is electrically neutral when...
O The number of protons and neutrons are equal.
O The number of protons and electrons are equal.
O The number of neutrons and electrons are equal.
O The neutrons balance the protons and electrons.
Answer:
The number of protons and electrons are equal.
Explanation:
When an atom has an equal number of electrons and protons, it has an equal number of negative electric charges (the electrons) and positive electric charges (the protons). The total electric charge of the atom is therefore zero and the atom is said to be neutral.
2. Based on what you know about waves and light, do you think that light can be
modeled as a wave? Explain why or why not.
Answer:
Light as a wave: Light can be described (modeled) as an electromagnetic wave. In this model, a changing electric field creates a changing magnetic field. This changing magnetic field then creates a changing electric field and BOOM - you have light. ... So, Maxwell's equations do say that light is a wave.
Explanation:
Hope this helps
Answer:
Light as a wave: Light can be described (modeled) as an electromagnetic wave. In this model, a changing electric field creates a changing magnetic field. This changing magnetic field then creates a changing electric field and BOOM - you have light. ... So, Maxwell's equations do say that light is a wave.
Explanation:
Credit for 2021FOLLOWme
Which one of the following statements best describes the main role of the matrix material in a fiber-reinforced composite?A) Improves the composite processibility.B) Lowers the cost of the composite.C) Allows the formation of complex composite shapes.D) Carries most of the loading on the composite.E) Transfers stress between the reinforcement phase constituents.
The main role of the matrix material in a fiber-reinforced composite is to transfer stress between the reinforcement phase constituents.
Correct option is E.
This is accomplished by binding the fibers together and forming a continuous network of fibers throughout the composite structure. The matrix material is a polymeric material, such as a thermoplastic or thermoset, which is injected or impregnated into the fibers. It provides a strong bond between the fibers and distributes the load throughout the composite structure.
By providing a bond between the fibers, the matrix material also improves the processibility of the composite by allowing for complex shapes to be formed. Additionally, the matrix material helps to lower the cost of the composite by reducing the amount of reinforcement material required.
Correct option is E.
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Which elements will form cations and which will form anions
Sodium losses electrons to become Na+, thus forms a cation.
Fluoride gains electrons to become F-, thus forms an anion.
Iron losses electrons to become Fe2+, thus forms a cation.
Silver also losses electrons to be Ag+, thus forms a cation.
What is the smallest representative particle of an element?
Answer:
atom
Explanation:
The smallest representative particle of an element is an atom.
What are atomsAtoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter and the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element. Each atom consists of a nucleus at the center, composed of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
Atoms combine to form molecules or ions through chemical reactions, but they themselves represent the basic structure and identity of an element. Each element has a unique number of protons in its nucleus, known as its atomic number, which determines its position on the periodic table and its distinct chemical properties.
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Does the ir spectrum allow you to confirm that the structure of the product is a combination of the two reactants?
Yes, the IR spectrum allow you to confirm that the structure of the product is a combination of the two reactants.
What is Spectrum?A spectrum is a state that can fluctuate without gaps across a continuum and is not constrained to a particular range of values. After passing through a prism, visible light takes on a rainbow of hues, which is how the term was initially used scientifically in optics.As knowledge of light increased on a scientific level, it started to encompass the full electromagnetic spectrum.As a result, it evolved into a mapping of a variety of magnitudes to a variety of qualities, including the perceived "colours of the rainbow" and other attributes that correspond to wavelengths outside of the spectrum.Today, analogies with spectrum are used to discuss subjects unrelated to optics.Learn more about spectrum here:
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Write the net chemical equation for the production of hydrogen from propane and water.
The net chemical equation for the production of hydrogen from propane and water can be written as follows:
C3H8 + 2H2O --> 3H2 + CO2
This equation describes the process of steam reforming, which is a common method of producing hydrogen from hydrocarbons such as propane. In this process, propane is reacted with steam (water vapor) to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
The reactants on the left side of the equation are propane (C3H8) and water (H2O). The products on the right side of the equation are hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The coefficients in front of the compounds indicate the number of molecules of each compound that are involved in the reaction.
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The following is a representation of the net chemical equation for the creation of hydrogen from propane and water:
2H₂O + C₃H₈ - 3H₂ + CO₂
This equation covers the steam reforming procedure, which is a typical way to create hydrogen from hydrocarbons like propane. In this procedure, steam (water vapor) and propane are combined to create hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
Propane (C₃H₈) and water are the reactants on the left-hand side of the equation (H₂O). Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydrogen (H2) are the byproducts on the right side of the equation (CO₂). The number of molecules of each compound that are involved in the reaction is indicated by the coefficients placed in front of the compounds.
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An ecosystem where all organisms have niches and habitats will be
balanced.
unbalanced.
Answer:
balenced.
Explanation:
An ecosystem where all organisms have niches and habitats will be balanced.
What is an ecosystem ?An ecosystem consists of all the organisms and the physical environment with which they interact.
What is a niche ?Niche describes the role an organism plays in a community. A species' niche encompasses both the physical and environmental conditions it requires and the interactions it has with other species.
What is a habitat ?Habitat is the area and resources used by a particular species.
A balanced ecosystem represents a sustainable habitat of interdependent animals, plants, and microorganisms and their environment.
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What would you call a solution that contains 300 g/l nacl at 25 c
The solution will be called as saturated solutions.
What are saturated solutions?A solution in which all of the solvent has been dissolved. Any additional solute will form crystals on the bottom of the container.
An example can include a solution that contains 300 g/l NaCl at 25 degree Celsius.
Thus, the solution will be called as saturated solution.
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