. proteins are polymers, sometimes referred to as polyamides. similarly, nylons also are polymers and polyamides.a. what is the amide functional group?b. compare and contrast proteins and nylon in terms ofi. the functional groups present on the monomer(s).ii. the variety of different proteins as compared to that of different nylons
Answers
The amide functional group consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a nitrogen atom (N) in an organic molecule. This functional group is crucial in both proteins and nylons, which are considered polyamides.
Proteins are composed of amino acid monomers, where the amide group is formed by the peptide bond between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another. In nylons, the amide group is a part of the repeating unit, connecting the carbon and nitrogen atoms in the polymer chain.
In terms of functional groups present on the monomers, proteins and nylons share the amide group. However, proteins also contain other functional groups such as amino, carboxyl, and side chain groups, which contribute to their diverse chemical properties and functions. This diversity allows for a wide range of proteins with various structures and roles in biological processes. On the other hand, nylons have a simpler monomer structure, typically composed of two aromatic or aliphatic groups connected by an amide bond. This results in fewer variations in the types of nylons compared to the multitude of proteins found in nature.
To summarize, the amide functional group is a key feature in both proteins and nylons. Proteins possess a greater variety of functional groups on their monomers, allowing for a vast array of different protein structures and functions. In contrast, nylons have a simpler monomer structure with fewer functional groups, resulting in a more limited variety of different nylons available.
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Related Questions
what is the total number of telomeres in a rat cell in g2?
Answers
The total number of telomeres in a rat cell in G2 is 168.
What is the total number of telomeres in a rat cell in G2?The total number of telomeres in a rat cell in G2 is 168. To understand why let's review the terms mentioned in the question:
A diploid cell is one that has two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Somatic cells are all the cells in the body except for the reproductive cells (gametes). Chromosomes are thread-like structures that carry genetic information in the form of genes. Telomeres are the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that prevent them from deteriorating or fusing with other chromosomes.In the G2 phase of the cell cycle, the cell has already replicated its DNA in preparation for cell division. This means that each chromosome now consists of two identical sister chromatids joined at the centromere.Since there are 42 chromosomes in a rat cell, and each chromosome has two telomeres (one at each end), there are a total of 84 telomeres in a diploid rat cell in G1. However, in G2, each chromosome has replicated into two sister chromatids, each with its own set of telomeres. This means that the total number of telomeres in a rat cell in G2 is 84 x 2 = 168.
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Refer to the last three pages of your "Evolution the story of Life on Earth" explain the appearance and now prevalence (widespread presence) of penicillin resistance.
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Refer to the last three pages of your "Evolution the story of Life on Earth" the appearance and now prevalence (widespread presence) of penicillin resistance has emerged as a result of natural selection, a key concept in evolution.
When penicillin was first introduced, it was highly effective in killing bacteria. However, some bacteria had genetic variations that allowed them to survive exposure to penicillin, these resistant bacteria reproduced, passing on their resistance traits to their offspring. Over time, the prevalence of penicillin-resistant bacteria increased due to the continued use of penicillin, which acted as a selective pressure, the more penicillin was used, the more it favored the survival and reproduction of resistant bacteria. Consequently, non-resistant bacteria were outcompeted and their population diminished.
This widespread presence of penicillin resistance exemplifies the ongoing process of evolution, as populations of bacteria adapt to their environment through genetic variation and natural selection, it highlights the importance of understanding evolution in order to develop effective strategies for managing antibiotic resistance in modern medicine. Therefore the appearance and prevalence of penicillin resistance can be explained by referring to the last three pages of "Evolution: The Story of Life on Earth." Penicillin resistance has emerged as a result of natural selection, a key concept in evolution.
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What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
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Answer:
transport of substances across a biological membrane through a concentration gradient
Explanation:
if im wrong im deeply sorry, im not good at this but ill find an internet explination>
Main Difference – Simple Diffusion vs Facilitated Diffusion Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion are two types of passive transport methods in which the cell membrane transports molecules across it. It uses natural entropy to move molecules from higher concentration to a lower concentration until the concentration becomes equalized. Hence, no ATP energy is used for the transportation of molecules. There are four main types of passive transport: osmosis, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and filtration. The main difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that simple diffusion is an unassisted type of diffusion in which a particle moves from higher to a lower concentration across a membrane whereas facilitated diffusion is the transport of substances across a biological membrane through a concentration gradient by means of a carrier molecule.
Why would algal boom, an overgrowth of algae, harm marine life.
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igneous rocks form from sediment true or false
Answers
Answer:
im pretty sure
Explanation:
true can i get brainliest
WELP!!! I need help... I will give out brainliest and a Thank you. Thanks! I also gave some extra points
An asteroid is falling toward planet Earth from space. It has a height of 100,000 km. As the asteroid falls closer to the Earth's surface, its _______ energy decreases and its _______ energy increases.
Answers
Answer:
Potential Energy Decreases while kinetic energy increases
Explanation:
Answer:
gravitational potential; kinetic
Explanation:
just did it
The Moon’s gravitational pull directly impacts ocean and wind currents true or false
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Answer: True
Explanation: It's what affects high/low tides, and makes sure that the ocean's water never becomes stale/stagnant.
It is true that the Moon’s gravitational pull directly impacts ocean and wind currents.
What is gravitational pull?The force that pulls items toward the centre of a planet or other entity is called gravity. All of the planets are kept in orbit around the sun by gravity.
We don't really perceive the Moon's gravitational pull on humans since it is so much weaker than Earth's, but we can observe the Moon's impact on the oceans' liquid water.
On the side of the Earth closest to the Moon, there is a bulge or high tide as a result of the seas being somewhat drawn in by the Moon's gravity.
Our ocean tides are affected by a phenomenon known as tidal force, which is created when the gravitational pull of the moon and the gravity of the Earth combine.
Thus, the given statement is true.
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Which one of the following organisms eats an omnivore in this food web?
- shiner
-backswimmer
-water cricket
-water flea
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the best anatomical term to describe the back region of the body would be
Ventral, gluteal, deep, or dorsal?
Answers
Hey there! I'm happy to help!
Ventral has to do with the front side of the body. The ventriloquism (controlling a puppet and talking without your lips without moving to give the illusion that the puppet is talking), it has to do with creating an illusion from the front side of your body. It comes from a Latin word that means "belly", so something like ventriloquism is "belly speaking". The ventricles of the heart are chambers that are closer to the belly. So, this is not referring to the back region of body and is incorrect.
Gluteal has to do with the gluteus maximus muscles. This is a specific section of the back region of the body and not the actual back region as a whole, so this is incorrect.
Deep just means that something is further inside your body (further from the skin). For example most of your bones are deep to your muscles. This is the incorrect answer.
You may have heard of a dorsal fin on a fish or shark. These fins are normally on the top of a fish. This is the same thing as being on their back because their bellies (ventral, front) are facing down. This term does apply to the back region of the body, so this is correct.
The best anatomical term to describe the back region of the body would be dorsal.
Have a wonderful day and keep on learning! :D
ASAP!!!!!!! State your view on an ELSI issue, and develop a logical argument to support your view.
Answers
Answer:
Biotechnology has raised a number of ethical, legal, and social issues. For example, are genetically modified foods safe to eat, and who controls a person’s genetic information?
Explanation:
Concerns from Biotechnology
The use of biotechnology has raised a number of ethical, legal, and social issues. Here are just a few:
Who owns genetically modified organisms such as bacteria? Can such organisms be patented like inventions?Are genetically modified foods safe to eat? Might they have unknown harmful effects on the people who consume them?Are genetically engineered crops safe for the environment? Might they harm other organisms or even entire ecosystems?Who controls a person’s genetic information? What safeguards ensure that the information is kept private?How far should we go to ensure that children are free of mutations? Should a pregnancy be ended if the fetus has a mutation for a serious genetic disorder?
The ELSI issues are important and require to be maintained in order to maintain bioethics and examine various impacts of science and technology on the society.
What are ELSI issues?ELSI stands for Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues. It is a widely used acronym in the bioethics literature which encompasses a broad range of research work which mainly examines the various impacts of science and technology on the society.
The ultimate mission of the ELSI Research Program is to support the research and education activities which include promotion of genetic privacy and fair use of genetic information, encouraging the responsible integration of new genetic information and technologies into clinical and non-clinical settings, and to ensure that the genetic research is being conducted in ethical way.
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Why must you consume carbohydrates in the foods you eat? How does this relate to cellular respiration?
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pleaseeee help!! will give brainliest! tysm!:)) (anatomy)
it must be at least 5 paragraphs and double spaced...but i can do that by myself:) i'd really, really appreciate it!
Answers
Answer:
gfkfjhn
Explanation:
What is the primary role that plants play in the carbon cycle?
Answers
the prime role is that plants take carbon and it helps to make our life clean and stop increasing carbon that cause global warming and plants give us oxygen and take carbon by photosynthesis to make their food and when plants die maybe it turns to fossil fuel that be made from carbon like coal and petroleum
Enzymes are _________________ that speed up or __________________ chemical reactions. enzymes are important because all living things must do many ____________________ in order to survive. the chemical reactions done by living organisms are known as ______________________________. in biology, the two most important types of reactions are _______________________ and __________________. __________________________ is a type of chemical reaction that involves the ________________________ of polymers into _____________________________. _________________________ is a reaction that involves ___________________________ large molecules by joining together building blocks called _________________________________. dehydration synthesis happens in your cells when you need to build large molecules such as _________________________, ______________________, or _____________________________. click on specificity tab each enzyme has a unique ______________________________ that makes an _____________________________ each active site can only fit a specific___________________________________ when a substrate(s) enters the active site, the enzyme helps a specific ________________________________ to occur. the end result of a chemical reaction is the ___________________________ or ________________________ what is the part of the enzyme where the substrate binds? ______________________________________________ we say that enzymes are specific. what does this mean? ________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Answers
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions.
The bulk of chemical events that take place in cells are sped up by enzymes, which operate as biological catalysts. They accomplish this by reducing the amount of activation energy needed for the reaction to start.
Enzymes are important because all living organisms must do many chemical reactions in order to survive. The chemical reactions done by living organisms are known as biochemical reactions. In biology, the two most important type of reactions are catabolic and anabolic reactions. Hydrolysis is a type of chemical reaction that involves breaking down of polymers into monomers. Dehydration or condensation reaction is a type of reaction that involves joining large molecules by joining together building blocks called monomers.
The part of the enzyme where substrate binds is the active site. Because the active sites of many enzymes differ in form, enzymes are specific. An enzyme's active site's shape complements the shape of its particular substrate.
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A track team captain thinks that eating breakfast and having a good night's sleep may affect the team's performance.
The track team decides to test if eating breakfast makes a difference in how fast they can run one mile.
They decide to split the team into two groups. One group eats breakfast two hours before running and the other group does not eat breakfast. The students also make a rule that both groups have to get a good night's sleep before they run. Is this rule necessary?
A. Yes, because the rule allows the team to only test one variable at a time, keeping everything else a constant.
B. No, because they can judge the effect of having breakfast even if the students do not get enough sleep.
C. No, because they can judge the effect of having breakfast only if some students do not get enough sleep.
D. Yes, because they can judge the effect of both breakfast and sleep if all students get enough sleep.
Answers
Answer:
I'm pretty sure the answer is A
please help
5 points for each question
1. define enzymes in your own words
2. distinguish between absorption and digestion
3. compare the functions of the stomach and the small intestine
4. give an example of how the digestive system affects other systems
Answers
Enzymes are biological catalysts of chemical reactions. Absorption refers to the intake of substances from the small intestine while digestion also involves breaking down foods by enzymatic processes. The stomach mechanically breaks down food into small substances, while the small intestine absorbs these products. The digestive system affects other systems because the chemical energy required by cellular respiration is obtained by digestion.
What is an enzyme?An enzyme is a biological catalyst that acts to lower the activation energy of reactions. These catalysts (enzymes) play a fundamental role in digestion by breaking down foods into smaller particles.
Moreover, the small intestine functions to absorb these small particles which are used by cells during cellular respiration.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that an enzyme is a catalyst that acts to enhance the release of energy in the chemical reaction that occurs during digestion, which is a process that involves many organs such as the stomach and the small intestine.
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data and graphs (science) please show resolutions and graphs if possible.
added extra points if you can complete this would be appreciated greatly.
Answers
The correct data is shown in the attachment.
What is the use of data and graphs in science?Data and graphs are essential tools in science as they help scientists to organize and analyze information, and to communicate their findings to others in a clear and concise manner.
In scientific research, data can take many forms, including numerical data, text, images, and audio recordings. Data can be collected through experiments, surveys, observations, or simulations. Once the data has been collected, it needs to be analyzed to identify patterns, trends, and relationships between variables.
Graphs are a powerful tool for visualizing data and identifying patterns. They allow scientists to see trends and patterns in the data more easily, and to identify relationships between variables. There are several types of graphs that are commonly used in science, including bar graphs, line graphs, scatter plots and histograms.
Considering the table:
Information that is missing from the data that may have been helpful includes:
Location of each site: It would be useful to know where each site is located along the river to understand how the water quality varies at different locations.Date and time of measurement: The date and time of measurement would be helpful to understand how the water quality varies over time and in different weather conditions.Flow rate of the river: The flow rate of the river can impact the water quality measurements, so it would be helpful to know the flow rate at each site.Other parameters: Depending on the purpose of the study, other parameters such as nutrient levels, turbidity, and conductivity may be relevant and useful to include in the data.Learn more about data and graphs at: https://brainly.com/question/1638242
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Cells with Agglutinogen A+ Anti-A
what is the applied rule in this case and what a blood group can this person receive ?
Answers
It is important to match the blood types of the donor and recipient.
In this case, the person's blood cells have an agglutinogen A, which is a substance that can cause the blood to clot. They also have anti-A antibodies in their blood, which means that their immune system will recognize and attack cells with agglutinogen A.
The rule that is applied in this case is the ABO blood group system. According to this system, there are four blood types: A, B, AB, and O. People with blood type A have agglutinogen A on their red blood cells and anti-B antibodies in their plasma.
People with blood type B have agglutinogen B on their red blood cells and anti-A antibodies in their plasma. People with blood type AB have both agglutinogen A and agglutinogen B on their red blood cells, but they do not have any anti-A or anti-B antibodies in their plasma. People with blood type O do not have either agglutinogen A or agglutinogen B on their red blood cells, but they have both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma.
Based on this information, the person you described with cells that have agglutinogen A and anti-A antibodies in their blood has blood type A. They can receive blood from a donor with blood type A or O, but they cannot receive blood from a donor with blood type B or AB. properly in order to avoid a transfusion reaction, which can be serious or even life-threatening.
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Can someone please help me I’m stuck on this question!!
Answers
Answer:I think that answer is b
Explanation:
A scientist studies bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. Which questions might the scientist ask about the results shown? Check all that apply. Why are the bacteria resistant to the antibiotics? Are there other antibiotics that would work on the bacteria? Is there a way to reduce the resistance of the bacteria?.
Answers
A scientist studying bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics might ask about the results shown. The questions that the scientist might ask about the results shown include.
Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health issue, as it reduces the effectiveness of current medications and increases the risk of severe infections.
Researchers can investigate the mechanisms behind antibiotic resistance by examining the genetic, biochemical, and physiological features of resistant bacteria.
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Each "word" in the mRNA language consists of how many letters?
Answers
Answer:
3 letters
Explanation:
The "letters" of the alphabet are grouped into "words" of three letters each. On the mRNA molecule each "word" of three letters is called a codon. a single codon specifies, or "codes for", a single amino acid.
where would you dispose alumina after completing the chromatographic separation?
Answers
The alumina after completing the chromatographic separation would be disposed of in solid Hazardous chemical waste.
Aluminum is on the Hazardous Substance List. Because it is flammable in powder form, this chemical is listed as a Special Health Hazard Substance on the list.
Waste that poses a threat to our health or the environment is referred to as hazardous waste. Hazardous waste that is improperly stored or disposed of frequently pollutes surface water and groundwater supplies, which can also be a source of dangerous land pollution. It's possible that people who live in homes built close to old, defunct waste disposal facilities are particularly at risk.
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within how many hours must cooked tcs food be cooled
Answers
TCS food should be cooled within six hours. According to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines, cooked TCS food should be cooled within six hours.
Cooling food down rapidly is important to prevent the growth of bacteria and other harmful pathogens that can cause foodborne illness.TCS refers to foods that require time and temperature control for safety, such as meat, poultry, fish, dairy products, and cooked rice. When these foods are cooked and then left at room temperature for too long, bacteria can grow and multiply quickly. To prevent this from happening, it's important to cool TCS foods down as quickly as possible.
The FDA recommends using one of the following methods to cool TCS foods:
Divide large quantities of food into smaller portions, then place the containers in an ice bath or under cold running water.Stir the food occasionally to help it cool more quickly. Place hot food in shallow pans, then place the pans in the refrigerator or freezer. Make sure the pans are no more than two inches deep so that the food can cool quickly. Store the food in a cool, dry place that is below 41 degrees Fahrenheit. Avoid placing hot food in the refrigerator or freezer, as this can cause the temperature to rise and compromise the safety of other foods.To know more about Food and Drug Administration please refer:
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the process of obtaining energy from food and storing it in cells is an example of catabolism
Answers
Large carbohydrates in food are polysaccharides containing glucose. By breaking down these polysaccharides to obtain glucose to use in glycolysis to obtain ATP, the act of catabolism is induced and engaged
Select the correct answer. Which of the following causes air pollution inside the house? A. Smoking cigarettes B. Growing houseplants C. Opening shades to let sunlight in D. Using fans to circulate air.
Is a pollution in India major issue? True or False
Which fossil fuel creates the greatest amount of air pollution? A. Natural. B. Gas c. Methane. D. Oil. E. Coal
Answers
A. Smoking cigarettes can causes air pollution inside the house.
In general most of the indoor air pollution are caused from sources that are responsible for releasing gases or particles into the air. Materials Like building materials and air fresheners contributes in pollution constantly. The main sources of pollution includes tobacco smoke and wood-burning stoves also cause indoor pollution.
Other reasons for pollution includes Vehicle emissions, fuel oils and natural gases, other sources includes by-products of manufacturing and power generation these are mainly power plants having coal, and fumes from chemical plants contributes as the primary sources of human-made air pollution.
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please help me quick!!
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what can happen when two oceanic plates converge, and one is subducted into the mantle?
Answers
As two oceanic plates collide, a subduction zone is also created; the older layer is forced under younger one, resulting in the construction of island arcs, which are long chains of volcanic islands.
When 2 oceanic plates collide, what happens?When several oceanic plates collide, the denser, colder plate subducts—a process where it moves beneath the heavier plate and falls into the mantle.An oceanic plate is once more subducted when it collides with a plate that is supported by a continent.
When two oceanic plates diverge, what happens?Underwater ridge and mountain ranges, like the mid-Atlantic Ridge, are created when two oceanic crust diverge.This can be compared to how undersea volcanoes form, except it happens more gradually.Such mountain ranges can eventually rise just above water to become islands.
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What is the name given to the combination of DNA and histone proteins in your cells’ nuclei?
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Hope this help
A stomach cell is producing pepsin, an enzyme that hydrolyzes proteins. Which of the following events suggests that gene expression of pepsin has been turned off in the cell? The chromosome with the pepsin gene is tightly coiled.
Answers
The chromosome with the pepsin gene is tightly coiled.
What is hydrolyzes proteins?The process by which genetic information travels from genes to proteins is referred to as "gene expression." Transcribed genes, an operator, and a promoter make up a gene operon.
Proteins known as transcription factors are activated by signals from the environment or from other cells. These proteins affect the level of transcription by attaching to regulatory areas of a gene.
Genetic transcription and translation are the two steps in the process of gene expression, which involves converting the data contained in a gene first into messenger RNA and subsequently to a protein.
Genome: the complete set of genetic information contained in an individual. gene expression: the activation or "turning on" of a gene that causes transcription and the production of mRNA.
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codon optimization is a technique molecular biologists sometimes use to maximize the over-expression of a protein by making use of the most frequently-occurring aminoacylated trnas in an artificially- synthesized gene. what fundamental property of the genetic code allows this technique to work?
Answers
Codon-optimization describes gene engineering tactics that use synonymous codon adjustments to boom protein production.
Applications for codon-optimization encompass recombinant protein capsules and nucleic acid therapies, along with gene therapy, mRNA therapy, and DNA/RNA vaccines.
This technique is viable due to the fact degeneracy of the genetic code permits maximum amino acids to be encoded through multiple synonymous codon and due to the fact codon utilization could have a stated impact on tiers of protein expression. Indeed, codon optimization has been suggested to boom protein expression through > 1000-fold. This is viable due to the fact maximum amino acids are encoded through multiple codon.
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