Q|C An unpolarized beam of light is incident on a stack of ideal polarizing filters. The axis of the first filter is perpendicular to the axis of the last filter in the stack. Find the fraction by which the transmitted beam's intensity is reduced in the three following cases. (d) Comment on comparing the answers to parts (a), (b), and (c).

The acceleration of a satellite orbiting Earth at an altitude of 500 km is approximately 8.985 m/s².  

The formula for gravitational acceleration is given by:
a = GM / r²
where:
a is the acceleration,
G is the gravitational constant (approximately 6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N(m/kg)²),
M is the mass of the Earth,
r is the distance between the center of the Earth and the satellite.

To calculate the acceleration of the satellite, we need to determine the distance from the center of the Earth to the satellite. This can be done by adding the radius of the Earth to the altitude of the satellite:

r = 6380 km + 500 km

= 6880 km

Now we can substitute the values into the formula:

a = (6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N(m/kg)² * M) / (6880 km)²

The mass of the Earth, M, is approximately 5.972 × 10²⁴ kg.

a = (6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N(m/kg)² * 5.972 × 10²⁴ kg) / (6880 km)²

To simplify the calculation, we need to convert the radius of the Earth and the altitude of the satellite to meters:

r = (6380 km + 500 km) * 1000

= 6880000 m

Now we can substitute the values into the formula and calculate the acceleration:

a = (6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N(m/kg)² * 5.972 × 10²⁴ kg) / (6880000 m)²

a = 8.985 m/s²

Therefore, the acceleration of a satellite orbiting Earth at an altitude of 500 km is approximately 8.985 m/s².

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Answer:

The Interpretation of Dreams": Freud noticed that dreams played an important role in his analysis of neurotic and "hysterical" patients. When he asked his patients to talk about whatever came into their minds, they often referred to their dreams, which would set off other associations and often illuminate other important connections in their past experience. It took Freud about two years to write the book, finishing it in September 1897.

The estimated potential at point P (4,5,6) taking V = 0 V at (0,0,0) is 12.204 V.

Electric potential at point P due to a point charge q is given as; V=kq/r Where V is the electric potential, q is the charge of the particle producing electric potential, k is the Coulomb's constant and r is the distance between the point charge and the point where electric potential is to be determined.  At point P (4,5,6), the distance from the point charge of 10nC to P is given as;

√[(4−2)^2+(5−10)^2+(6−3)^2] = √54 = 7.348m.

So, the potential due to the point charge at point P is;

V1=kq/r1 = 9×10^9 × 10 × 10^−9/7.348 V1=12.2 V.

Now, for the potential at point P due to the line of charge, we will need to first calculate the linear charge density (λ) of the line of charge.λ=q/l,  Where λ is the linear charge density, q is the total charge on the line and l is the length of the line.  For the line of charge Y=2, Z=2, the total charge is given as;  Q=λlWhere Q is the total charge and l is the length of the line.  Since the line is infinite, we cannot use the length of the line, we will use the length of the portion of the line from (0,2,2) to (0,-2,2) which is 4 units long.  We can then find the length of the portion of the line from (-∞,2,2) to (0,2,2) which is half of the entire line. Using the Pythagoras theorem, the length of this portion is given by;

√[4^2+(2−2)^2+(2−2)^2] = √16 = 4m.  Then the linear charge density is;

λ=Q/l = 5×10−9 C/4m = 1.25×10−9 C/m.  The electric potential at point P due to the line of charge can be determined using the equation below; V2=λ/2πε0.  ln(b/a) Where V2 is the electric potential, λ is the linear charge density, ε0 is the permittivity of free space, b is the distance between point P and the end of the line of charge and a is the distance between point P and the other end of the line of charge. To calculate V2, we will need to find b and a. The distance between point P and the end of the line of charge is given as;

√[(0−4)^2+(2−5)^2+(2−6)^2] = √45 = 6.708m.  

The distance between point P and the other end of the line of charge is given as;

√[(0−4)^2+(−2−5)^2+(2−6)^2] = √74 = 8.602m.  

So, V2 is; V2=1.25×10−9/2π×9×10^9  ln(8.602/6.708) V2=0.004 V

The total electric potential at point P is the sum of the electric potential due to the point charge and that due to the line of charge.

Thus; VT=V1+V2 = 12.2+0.004 = 12.204 V

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The Lyman series is a series of lines in the emission spectrum of hydrogen that corresponds to transitions from higher energy levels to the n = 1 level. The formula for the wavelengths of the lines in the Lyman series is given by:

1/λ = R (1 - 1/n^2)          

Where λ is the wavelength of the line, R is the Rydberg constant (1.097 × 10^7 m^-1), and n is an integer greater than 1 that corresponds to the energy level of the electron before the transition.

To find the three longest-wavelength lines in the Lyman series, we need to plug in values of n and solve for λ, and then arrange the wavelengths in decreasing order.

When n = 2:

1/λ = R (1 - 1/2^2) = 3R/4

λ = 4/3R = 121.6 nm

When n = 3:

1/λ = R (1 - 1/3^2) = 8R/9

λ = 9/8R = 102.6 nm

When n = 4:

1/λ = R (1 - 1/4^2) = 15R/16

λ = 16/15R = 97.3 nm

Therefore, the three longest-wavelength lines in the Lyman series have wavelengths of 121.6 nm, 102.6 nm, and 97.3 nm, in decreasing order.

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A planetary nebula is a type of nebula that is formed from the gas and dust expelled by a dying star, typically a red giant. When a red giant reaches the end of its life, it will shed its outer layers of gas, creating a beautiful, spherical cloud of gas and dust. This cloud is often visible as a bright, glowing object in space, and is known as a planetary nebula.

A planetary nebula may form into planets if the star from which it formed has a companion star. The companion star can gravitationally pull material off of the dying star, causing it to form into a disk. If the disk is massive enough, it can eventually collapse under its own gravity and form planets.

A disk of gas surrounding a protostar is known as a protoplanetary disk. The protoplanetary disk is formed from the gas and dust left over from the star's formation, and it can give rise to the formation of planets and other planetary bodies.

The expanding shell of gas that is left when a white dwarf explodes as a supernova is known as a white dwarf nebula. A white dwarf nebula is formed when the explosion of the white dwarf causes its outer layers to be expelled into space, creating a shell of gas around the star.

The molecular cloud from which protostars form is known as a star-forming region. Star-forming regions are regions of space where gas and dust have begun to collapse under their own gravity, forming dense clumps of material that can eventually become stars.

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The movement of charges from one plate to the other in a capacitor is a fundamental process that underlies many electronic devices and applications.

When a capacitor is connected to a circuit, charges begin to flow from one plate to the other until both plates reach the same potential and the capacitor becomes fully charged.

This process involves the movement of electrons, which are negatively charged particles, from one plate to the other.

Initially, the capacitor is uncharged, and the plates have an equal number of positive and negative charges.

When a voltage is applied to the capacitor, electrons begin to flow from the negative plate to the positive plate, creating an electric field between the two plates. This electric field stores energy in the capacitor, which can be released later when the capacitor is discharged.

If the voltage across the capacitor is removed, the capacitor will retain its charge and will discharge slowly over time as the electrons flow back from the negative plate to the positive plate.

This discharge process can be used in various applications, such as in flash photography, where a capacitor is charged rapidly and then discharged quickly to produce a bright flash of light.

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Answer: hmm

Explanation:

hmmm

Answer:

The answer is shape.

Explanation: It says physical so it means the physical shape taking some of the salt would not change the density solubility or the Thermal conductivity

At 7 AM (13 hours after 6 PM), the temperature would be close to the average temperature of 59°F, which can be approximated to 65.9°F.

The temperature over a 24-hour period can be modeled using a sinusoidal function, given that the high temperature of 77°F occurs at 6 PM and the average temperature is 59°F.

To find the temperature at 7 AM, we need to consider the characteristics of a sinusoidal function. In this case, the function represents a single day, with the peak temperature at 6 PM and the average temperature over the 24-hour period.

Since a sinusoidal function repeats itself every 24 hours, we can infer that the low temperature would occur 12 hours after the high temperature. Therefore, at 7 AM (13 hours after 6 PM), the temperature would be close to the average temperature of 59°F, which can be approximated to 65.9°F.

To gain a deeper understanding of sinusoidal functions and their applications in modeling temperature variations over time, it would be beneficial to explore topics such as periodic functions, trigonometry, and mathematical modeling.

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Answer: According to http://www.scifun.org, "Bernoulli's Principle says that the pressure decreases inside a stream of flowing air. When the balloon begins to move out of this low pressure stream, the higher pressure of the air in the room pushes it back into the moving stream"

Answer:

Velocity

Explanation: It cannot be speed, so it will have to be velocity.

As a cart travels around a horizontal circular track, the cart must undergo a change in velocity, therefore the correct answer is option C.

The total displacement covered by any object per unit of time is known as velocity. The generally considered unit for velocity is a meter per second.

As given in the problem, as a cart travels around a horizontal circular track, the cart must undergo a change in,

As the car travel around a horizontal circular track, there is a change of direction at every instant that's why the velocity of the car change every second even if the speed of the car is constant,

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

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The question is incomplete the complete question is,

As a cart travels around a horizontal circular track, the cart must undergo a change in,

A.speed

B.mass

C.velocity

D.gravity

The procedure of the formal letter starts with your Name, Contact Information, and Date followed by the Recipient's Name and Contact Information. After this, the greeting and the body of the letter are prepared.

In literature, a letter may be characterized as a kind of non-fictional written, typed, or printed communication. These are usually written to facilitate communication between two individuals and are usually sent to the recipient via mail or post in an envelope.

From XYZ,

To Dr. Flores.

Subject: Discuss the principle of Kinetic energy "an energy of motion"

Respected sir,

The roles of kinetic energy and molecular attraction in phase change by completing a hands-on activity, and exploring the Simulation. After all the solid has melted, once again, the heat added goes to increasing the kinetic energy (and temperature) of the liquid molecules until they boil.

A phase change is a process of a substance gaining or losing energy so that molecules or atoms either come closer together or become farther. It also involves the freedom of movement of the gaseous particles when there is the process of phase change successfully accomplished.

Therefore,  a letter to Dr. Flores is well written in a proper format.

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Answer:

E......1,800 meters

Explanation:

distance = speed × time

convert 1 min to seconds because speed is give in meters per seconds so it's which is 60 seconds

Then...60 ×30 = 1,800

The activity of the source in Becquerel is 333.3Bq

The number of nuclei that disintegrate or decay per unit time is known as Activity.

Given that a sample of radioactive material emits 400000 particles over a period of 20 minutes.

Activity A = dN/dt

A = 400000 / 1200

A = 333.3 particles / s

A = 333.3 Bq

Therefore,

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Answer:

E = 7200 J = 7.2 KJ

Explanation:

The electric field due to a sphere is similar to the electric field due to a point charge. It is calculated by the use of the following formula:

\(E = \frac{kq}{r^2}\\\)

where,

E = Electric Field = ?

k = Coulomb Constant = 9 x 10⁹ Nm²/C²

q = charge on sphere = 2 μC = 2 x 10⁻⁶ C

r = distance from the center of the sphere to the location = 5 cm = 0.05 m

Therefore,

\(E = \frac{(9\ x\ 10^9\ Nm^2/C^2)(2\ x\ 10^{-6}\ C)}{(0.05\ m)^2}\)

E = 7200 J = 7.2 KJ

Answer:

the steel ball has more potential

Explanation:

Answer:

steel ball has more potential energy

All stars spend most of their lives on the main sequence is a result of it having enough hydrogen which is an important component and acts as the fuel for energy production used to ensure it remains in the main sequence.

Every star has a lot of hydrogen and which is a vital element every star has lots as it encourages the burning of hydrogen into helium which helps to put the stars in the main sequence during most of their lives.

The mass of the stars is also a determinant factor as the more mass a star the more amount of Hydrogen it uses and the less time it takes to remain in the main sequence.

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Two vectors can be added together to determine the result (or resultant). ... computing the vector sum of all the individual forces acting upon that object.

i hope u understand

Answer: B. Objects are exposed to X-rays, which either pass through or are

absorbed by the objects.

C. A silicon chip releases electrons by the photoelectric effect,

producing an image.

Explanation:

The formula for calculating the maximum wavelength absorbed by this semiconductor is λ_max = hc/E_g. The maximum wavelength absorbed by this semiconductor with a bandgap energy of 1.5 eV is approximately 820.2 nm (nanometers), which corresponds to the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The maximum wavelength absorbed by a semiconductor with a given bandgap energy can be calculated using the formula:

λ_max = hc/E_g

where λ_max is the maximum wavelength absorbed, h is Planck's constant (6.626 x 10^-34 J s), c is the speed of light (3 x 10^8 m/s), and E_g is the bandgap energy of the semiconductor in joules.

To convert the bandgap energy from electron volts (eV) to joules, we can use the conversion factor of 1 eV = 1.602 x 10^-19 J.

For example, if the bandgap energy of a certain semiconductor is 1.5 eV, the maximum wavelength absorbed by this material can be calculated as:

E_g = 1.5 eV * 1.602 x 10^-19 J/eV = 2.403 x 10^-19 J

λ_max = hc/E_g = (6.626 x 10^-34 J s) * (3 x 10^8 m/s) / (2.403 x 10^-19 J) = 8.202 x 10^-7 m

Therefore, the maximum wavelength absorbed by this semiconductor with a bandgap energy of 1.5 eV is approximately 820.2 nm (nanometers), which corresponds to the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

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Answer:

supermassive black hole.

took a quiz and this was the answer

A black hole with an estimated mass of 40 billion solar masses, S5 0014+81, is an example of a massive black hole.

The host galaxy of S5 0014+81 is a giant elliptical starburst galaxy, with the apparent magnitude of 24.

Its physical size would have a radius that's 800 times the Earth-Sun distance, or over 100 billion kilometers.

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The most common method to form an image in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is to detect secondary electrons and/or backscattered electrons.

In SEM imaging, a focused electron beam is scanned over the surface of the sample. When the primary electron beam interacts with the atoms of the sample, various signals are emitted, including secondary electrons and backscattered electrons.

Secondary electrons are low-energy electrons that are emitted from the top few nanometers of the sample's surface. They provide information about the topography and surface features of the sample. By detecting and collecting these secondary electrons, an image can be formed that represents the surface morphology and fine details of the sample.

Backscattered electrons, on the other hand, are higher-energy electrons that undergo scattering and are deflected backward as they interact with the atomic nuclei of the sample. These electrons are sensitive to variations in atomic number and density, providing information about the composition and elemental distribution of the sample.

Detectors within the SEM capture and measure the signals from secondary and/or backscattered electrons, converting them into electrical signals that are then used to form the final image. Different detectors may be used depending on the specific imaging requirements, such as the Everhart-Thornley detector for secondary electron imaging and the solid-state or scintillator detectors for backscattered electron imaging.

In addition to secondary and backscattered electrons, other signals such as characteristic X-rays and cathodoluminescence can also be detected and utilized for specific imaging techniques in the SEM.

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d = -1 m

The negative sign indicates that the charge from that force of the space of the two spheres.

When charged matter is exposed to an electromagnetic field, its electric charge—a property of matter—causes it to feel a force. An electric charge can be either positive or negative (commonly carried by protons and electrons respectively). Like and unlike charges are attracted to one another while being repelled by the other. Neutral describes a thing without any net charge. Classical electrodynamics, a term coined to describe early understanding of the interactions of charged particles, is still applicable to issues that do not demand for taking quantum effects into account.

The net charge, or the total of the positive and negative charges, is constant in an isolated system because electric charge is a conserved attribute. Electrical charge is transported by subatomic particles.

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Answer:

height =15m

Explanation:

gpe=mgh

750=5×10×x

50x=750

x=15

hope it helps

The mirror displacement d is 317.12 nm. In a Michelson interferometer, interference fringes are created due to the interference of two beams of light.

A Michelson interferometer is a device used to measure small changes in the distance between two mirrors. It consists of a beam splitter, two mirrors, and a detector. One beam of light is split into two and travels to the mirrors, where they are reflected back towards the beam splitter. The two beams of light then recombine at the detector, creating an interference pattern.

When one of the mirrors is moved, the interference pattern shifts. The amount of shift depends on the distance moved and the wavelength of the light being used. By measuring the shift in the interference pattern, we can determine the displacement of the mirror.

In this problem, we are given that 250 interference fringe shifts were counted when the mirror was moved a distance d. The wavelength of the light being used is 632.8 nm.

Each interference fringe shift corresponds to a change in the path difference between the two beams of light by one wavelength. So, the total change in the path difference is 250 times the wavelength of the light:

250 × 632.8 nm = 158,200 nm

Therefore, the mirror displacement d is 158,200 nm. However, this displacement is in both directions (i.e., the mirror moved back and forth). To find the displacement in just one direction, we divide by 2:

d = 158,200 nm / 2 = 79,100 nm

Therefore, the mirror displacement d is 79,100 nm in one direction.

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Answer:

72 mph

Explanation:

Answer:

do we have to choose 2 answers here?

Answer:

most probably it's C

Explanation:

alveoli is surrounded by capillaries and whit that option small intestines is also there

Answer:

i have to say whether its correct or wrong yep

Answer:

C) The direction the car is traveling

Explanation:

Velocity is a vector that contains both direction and magnitude (Speed)

We already know the magnitude... all you need is the direction.

Hope this helps :)