Rank the compounds in each group according to their reactivity toward electrophilic substitution. 1 = most reactive; 3 = least reactive.
a. toluene; methoxybenzene; fluorobenzene.
b. p-bromonitrobenzene; nitrobenzene; phenol.

Answer:

Electrons.

Explanation:

Answer:

oh yes chemical oxidation removes

Explanation:

but i m not sure hope it is right i haven't looked book this time

The tandem nucleophilic addition/fragmentation of vinylogous acyl triflates is a reaction that involves the addition of a nucleophile to a vinylogous acyl triflate followed by fragmentation. In this specific case, we have a 2-methyl-2-(1-oxo-5-heptynyl)-1,3-dithiane compound.

During the reaction, a nucleophile attacks the carbonyl carbon of the vinylogous acyl triflate, resulting in the formation of an acyl anion intermediate. This intermediate undergoes fragmentation, leading to the release of a carbonyl compound and the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond.
The use of 1,3-dithiane in this reaction is significant because it can act as a stabilizing group, facilitating the formation of the acyl anion intermediate and preventing unwanted side reactions.
Overall, the tandem nucleophilic addition/fragmentation of vinylogous acyl triflates is a valuable synthetic tool for the construction of complex molecules. It allows for the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds and the introduction of functional groups in a controlled manner.

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Answer:

b. 760 g

Explanation:

The mass of the solution = 800 g

5% of NaCl by mass of the solution can be determined as follows;

    5% of 800  =  \(\frac{5}{100}\) × 800

                       = 5 × 8

                       = 40 g

The mass of NaCl in the solution is 40 g.

The mass of water = mass of solution - mass of NaCl

                               = 800 - 40

                              = 760 g

Therefore, the mass of water required is 760 g.

the relative mass of an atom or molecule is hence considered by considering a mass of a light atom and relating the mass of other atoms or molecules to it

Answer:

D displacement

Explanation:

This is because removing metal means your displacing it

The percent yield of the alum is 99.72%.

To calculate the percent yield of the alum, you need to know the theoretical yield of the reaction. The theoretical yield is the amount of alum that would be produced if the reaction went to completion without any loss of product.

Assuming you started with all the necessary reactants and the reaction went to completion, you can calculate the theoretical yield using the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

Let's say the reaction is:

KAl(SO4)2·12H2O + Na2CO3 → NaAl(SO4)2·12H2O + 2 NaHCO3

The molar mass of alum (NaAl(SO4)2·12H2O) is 474.39 g/mol.

So, to find the theoretical yield:

- Convert the mass of alum you isolated (17.782 g) to moles by dividing by the molar mass:    17.782 g / 474.39 g/mol = 0.0375 mol

- Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the moles of alum that should have been produced:

   1 mol KAl(SO4)2·12H2O : 1 mol NaAl(SO4)2·12H2O

 0.0375 mol KAl(SO4)2·12H2O → 0.0375 mol NaAl(SO4)2·12H2O

- Convert the moles of alum to grams by multiplying by the molar mass:

 0.0375 mol NaAl(SO4)2·12H2O x 474.39 g/mol = 17.831 g

So, the theoretical yield of alum is 17.831 g.

To calculate the percent yield, divide the actual yield (the amount you isolated, 17.782 g) by the theoretical yield (17.831 g) and multiply by 100:

   Percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%

   Percent yield = (17.782 g / 17.831 g) x 100% = 99.72%

Therefore, the percent yield of the alum is 99.72%.

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Magnesium chloride, often known as MgCl2, can be produced chemically by extracting it from brine or seawater.

Magnesium chloride+ potassium hydroxide (25 ml )------>magnesium hydroxide

Magnesium chloride: what is it?

One magnesium (Mg) and two chloride ions make up magnesium chloride, also known as magnesium dichloride, magnesium (II) chloride, or chloromagnesite (Cl-).

Ionic halides, such as magnesium dichloride and related salts, have the appearance of fine, white to grey granules.

Uses of MgCl2 (Magnesium Chloride)

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The addition of water vapor to the system will not directly affect the amount of N₂ produced in the given reaction.

The balanced equation shows that the production of N₂ is determined by the stoichiometry of the reactants, namely 4 moles of ammonia (NH₃) reacting with 3 moles of oxygen (O₂) to produce 2 moles of nitrogen gas (N₂). The presence of water vapor (H₂O) does not participate in the reaction as a reactant or a product. Therefore, the amount of N₂ formed will remain the same regardless of the presence or addition of water vapor.

However, it is worth noting that the addition of water vapor may indirectly affect the reaction by altering the conditions or equilibrium of the system. For example, the presence of water vapor could influence the reaction kinetics, the temperature, or the concentration of reactants. These factors could potentially impact the rate of the reaction or the position of the equilibrium, which might have an indirect effect on the final amount of N₂ produced. But without specific information about the conditions and the influence of water vapor, it cannot be determined how the amount of N₂ will be affected in this particular scenario.

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Molar mass of HBr  is 80.91194 g/mol.

Molar mass of Br = 79.904

molar mass of H = 1.00794

Molar mass of HBr = 79.904 + 1.00794 = 80.91194

The mass of a sample of a chemical compound divided by the quantity, or the number of moles in the sample, expressed in moles, is known as the compound's molar mass. The molar mass is a bulk property of a material rather than a molecular one. The compound is present in many different forms, each with a different mass as a result of the isotopes. The molar mass is the average of these masses. The molar mass is most frequently calculated using the standard atomic weights and is a function of the relative abundance of the constituent atoms' isotopes on Earth. It is thus a terrestrial average. The conversion between a substance's mass and amount can be done using the molar mass.

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Answer:

-57.12

Explanation:

i used a calculator :)

Answer:

-73

Explanation:

12.0+32.0=44-73.0=-73

\(6.48 \times 1 {0}^{10} \)

I hope this helps study hard brainliest please

Measuring tool would you use to measure the area of a football field is used a tender wheel

If you need to measure much longer lengths for example the length of a football pitch then you could use a trundle wheel then you use it by pushing the wheel along the ground and it clicks every time it measures one meter and to measure the football field area then

Area = length×breadth

Area = 90m×45m

Area = 4.05m²

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The empitical formula shows the simplest ratio of elements in a compound (not the total number of atoms in the molecule).

So to find the empirical formula we need to calculate how many moles of each atom we have in this sample. Then we will see the ratio of each element.

We are given the mass, so to convert it to moles we use the molar mass. For this we go to the periodic table and see that the values for each element are:

Na (sodium): 22,99 g/mol

H (hydrogen): 1 g/mol

P (phosphorus): 25,81 g/mol

So we calculate the moles of each element as follows:

And as we see, for every 0.833 moles of Na we have the same number of moles of P, so the ratio of these elements in the molecule is 1 to 1.

As for the hydrogen:

So the ratio Na to H is 1 to 2.

Now we can write the empirical formula as follows=

Answer:

The heliocentric theory was better supported by data explaining the rotation of the planets and other bodies in the solar system.

Explanation:

Answer:

Diversification and adaptive radiation.

Explanation:

Quantum numbers are the conserved quantities in the system that expresses the position of the electron. The second quantum number describes the electron subshells.

Quantum numbers are the energy and the position defining values of the electron in the atomic structure. There are four basic quantum numbers, principal, magnetic, azimuthal, and spin quantum.

The second quantum number (I) is the angular quantum number that describes the magnitude of the subshells (s,p, d, and f) or the type of the subshells. It is also known as the Azimuthal quantum number.

Therefore, the second quantum number shows the electronic subshells.

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Answer:

the energy level the electron is in

Explanation:

To make 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution from a solid stock, you will require the following materials and containers.MaterialsSolid NaClDistilled water1-Liter volumetric flask250-mL volumetric flask 2-beakersProcedureTo prepare 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution, the following procedure should be followed:Measure out 100g of NaCl using a balance.

Measure the weight of an empty 250-mL volumetric flask.Add the NaCl to a 250-mL beaker and add a small amount of distilled water to it to dissolve the NaCl.Carefully pour the dissolved NaCl solution into the 250-mL volumetric flask. Add distilled water to the mark on the flask to make up the volume. Stopper the flask and invert it several times to mix the solution.Measure the weight of the 1-Liter volumetric flask.Add the 250-mL volumetric flask solution to a 1-Liter volumetric flask.Add distilled water to the mark on the flask to make up the volume.

Stopper the flask and invert it several times to mix the solution.The final volume of the solution will be 1 liter of a 10% NaCl solution.PrecautionsEnsure the NaCl has completely dissolved before adding more water to avoid making a less concentrated solution.Measure the weight of the volumetric flask before and after adding the solution to calculate the volume of solution that was added.Use distilled water to prepare the solution.

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Answer:

Period

Explanation:

I believe your answer should be period.

I hope it helps! Sorry if it didn’t… Have a great day!

Layla~

The cost of using an electric fan rated 60W, 240V for 2 hours would be #8.40.

To calculate the cost of using an electric fan, you need to know the cost per unit of electricity (in this case, #70 per unit) and the power consumption of the fan (60W) and the duration of use (2 hours).

First, convert the power consumption from watts to kilowatts:

Power (kW) = Power (W) / 1000

Power (kW) = 60W / 1000 = 0.06 kW

Next, calculate the energy consumption:

Energy (kWh) = Power (kW) × Time (hours)

Energy (kWh) = 0.06 kW × 2 hours = 0.12 kWh

Finally, calculate the cost of using the electric fan:

Cost = Energy (kWh) × Cost per unit

Cost = 0.12 kWh × #70 per unit

Since the unit rate is #70, the cost will be:

Cost = 0.12 kWh × #70 = #8.40

Therefore, the cost of using an electric fan rated 60W, 240V for 2 hours would be #8.40.

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Answer:

The correct answer is Choice D.

(Headaches or backaches)​

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

Please mark me as Brainlinieast.

Answer:

The final temperature of the mixture is 44.9°C

Explanation:

Mass of the substance (gold) = 2.575g

Specific heat capacity of gold = 0.129J/g°C

Initial temperature (T1) = 75°C

Final temperature (T2) = ?

Energy lost = 10J

Heat energy(Q) = MC∇T

Q = heat energy (in this case lost)

M = mass of the substance

C = specific heat capacity of the substance

∇T = change in temperature of the substance = (T2 - T1)

Q = MC∇T

Q = MC(T2 - T1)

-10 = 2.575 × 0.129 × (T2 - 75) energy is -ve because it was energy lost.

-10 = 0.3321 × (T2 - 75)

-10 = 0.3321T2 - 24.9075

Collect like terms

0.3321T2 = 24.9075 - 10

0.3321T2 = 14.9075

T2 = 14.9075 / 0.3321

T2 = 44.88

T2 = 44.9°C

The final temperature of the mixture is 44.9°C

Two mole of ideal gas is compressed isothermal from 10 to 10,000 atmospheric pressure at 500 degree kelvin then the entropy change in the process is  -114.86 J/K

Ideal gas is the hypothetical gas composed of molecule which follow a some rules in that ideal molecule do not attract or repel to each other and here given data is

Ideal gas = 2 mole

Pressure = P₁ = 10

Pressure = P₂ = 10,000

Temprature = 500 degree kelvin

We have to calculate entropy change in the process =?

We know the entropy change

ΔS = cv ln(T₂/T₁) +nR ln (P₂/P₁)

For isothermal compression temprature constant,

ΔS = nR ln (P₂/P₁)

ΔS = 2×8.314×ln(10/10,000)

ΔS = -114.86 J K⁻

ΔS = -114.86 J/K

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Explanation:

The general formula of an alkane is given as;

        CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

n is the number of the member;

 For the 97th member in the series;

 n  = 97;

 2n + 2  = 2(97) + 2  = 196

So, the 97th member is;

                C₉₇H₁₉₆

This is how to apply the formula of alkanes which are saturated hydrocarbons to find any member of the series.

Answer:

moles H = 2 x 0.0649=0.130

ions = 0.130 x 6.02 x 10^23=7.81 x 10^22

Explanation:

The distance between covalent bonds is largest between C and C. C has the largest covalent radius when contrasted to N, O, and H. The length of a non-polar relationship is larger than a polar bond.

Covalent bonds were first identified in 1939. The word "covalent bond" is derived from the prefix co-, which indicates jointly, connected in action, associated to a lesser extent, etc. The h+ ions share the two electrons through covalent bonding since the prefix co- implies cooperatively, associated in action, etc.

Molecular bonds are yet another name for covalent bonds. The atoms' outer shell will remain strong thanks to the sharing of bonding pairs.

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Answer:

ok

Explanation: whatever you think

The chemical reaction described, where two aqueous compounds exchange ions to produce two new compounds, is a double-displacement reaction.

In a double-displacement reaction, also known as a metathesis reaction or a double replacement reaction, the cations and anions of two different compounds switch places to form new compounds. The reactants are typically in the aqueous phase, meaning they are dissolved in water.

The general format of a double-displacement reaction can be represented as follows:

AB + CD -> AD + CB

Where A, B, C, and D represent different ions or elements.

In this type of reaction, the positive ions (cations) from each compound combine with the negative ions (anions) from the other compound to form two new compounds. The cations and anions essentially swap partners, resulting in the formation of different products.

One classic example of a double-displacement reaction is the reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO3) and sodium chloride (NaCl):

AgNO₃ (aq) + NaCl (aq) -> AgCl (s) + NaNO₃ (aq)

In this reaction, the silver cation (Ag+) from silver nitrate combines with the chloride anion (Cl-) from sodium chloride, resulting in the formation of silver chloride (AgCl) as a solid precipitate. Simultaneously, the sodium cation (Na+) from sodium chloride combines with the nitrate anion (NO₃⁻) from silver nitrate to produce sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) in the aqueous phase.

Double-displacement reactions are common in various chemical processes and can result in the formation of precipitates, gases, or other products. They often occur in aqueous solutions and can be used to identify the presence of certain ions or compounds through the formation of insoluble products.

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(a) Washing the organic layer with sodium bicarbonate solution helps to remove any remaining acid from the reaction.

(b)  Washing the organic layer with sodium chloride solution is done to remove any remaining water from the organic layer.

(c) Treating the organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate is done to remove any remaining traces of water that may still be present in the organic layer.

In the preparation of methyl benzoate, washing the organic layer with sodium bicarbonate solution, washing the organic layer with sodium chloride solution, and treating the organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate all serve different purposes.

(a) Washing the organic layer with sodium bicarbonate solution helps to remove any remaining acid from the reaction. This is important because the acid can react with the product and cause unwanted side reactions. Sodium bicarbonate is a weak base that reacts with the acid to form carbon dioxide and water, which can be easily removed.

(b) Sodium chloride is a highly soluble salt, and it can help to absorb any water that may still be present in the organic layer. This is important because water can react with the product and cause unwanted side reactions.

(c) Anhydrous sodium sulfate is a highly effective drying agent that can absorb any remaining water in the organic layer. This is important because any remaining water can react with the product and cause unwanted side reactions.

Overall, the purpose of washing the organic layer with sodium bicarbonate solution, washing the organic layer with sodium chloride solution, and treating the organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate is to ensure that the product is free from any unwanted side reactions that may occur due to the presence of acid or water. By removing these impurities, the product can be obtained in a purer form, which is important for many chemical applications.

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