Reactions involving electron removal are called ______ reactions.

The total amount of heat : 225.704 kJ

Heat of vaporization(ΔH vap) : heat needed to vaporize 1 mole of water , units : kJ/mol

For water at boiling point (100 °C) : ΔH vap = 40.66 kj/mol

mole of 100 g water :

\(\tt \dfrac{100}{18.015}=5.551\)

so total Heat :

\(\tt 40.66\times 5.551=225.704~kJ\)

Explanation:

permutit is an artificial zeolite chemically it is

hydrated sodium aluminum orthosilicate with the formula

Na2AI2Si208. XH20

Answer:

3.02 Mm

Explanation:

Powdered persulfate salts added to haircolor to increase its lightening ability are c. activators.

Powdered persulfate salts are commonly used as activators in haircoloring products to increase their lightening ability. These activators help to break down the natural pigments in the hair, allowing the new color to be absorbed more effectively.

Activators, such as powdered persulfate salts, are mixed with hair color to increase the lightening ability. They help to break down the melanin in hair, allowing the hair color to penetrate deeper and lighten the hair more effectively. Accelerators speed up the processing time, ammonias are alkaline agents that open the hair cuticle, and diffusers are not related to hair color lightening.

The correct answer is c. activators, as they are the powdered persulfate salts added to hair color to enhance its lightening ability.

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299.7g of H2O will be produced.

1st) With the balanced chemical equation and the molar mass of CH4 and H2O, we can calculate the amount of H2O that is produced by stoichiometry:

- CH4 molar mass: 16g/mol

- H2O molar mass: 18g/mol

According to the balanced equation, 16g of CH4 will produce 36g of H2O (2 x 18g).

2nd) Now, with a mathematical rule of three we can calculate the grams of water that will be produced from 133.2 grams of CH4:

Finally, 299.7g of H2O will be produced from 133.2 grams of CH4.

Dipole - Dipole Forces:

The attractive forces present between the positive end of one molecule with the negative end of the other molecule are called dipole - dipole forces.

Polar molecules have charges at different parts of a molecule. These charges attract each other. Therefore, these forces are electrostatic attractions between permanent dipoles in a molecule.

Stronger the dipole - dipole forces, higher the value of thermodynamic properties like melting and boiling points, heat of vaporization, heat of sublimation etc.

Using a micropipette, pipette 12 µL of the stock solution into the second labeled tube.5. Add 18 µL of nuclease-free water to the second labeled tube to bring the total volume up to 30 µL. This will give a final concentration of 250 ng/µL.

RNA or Ribonucleic acid is the genetic material that helps to transfer genetic information from DNA to protein synthesis. It is essential in decoding and regulation of genes. RNA isolation is the process of extracting RNA molecules from biological samples.The given formula C1V1

= C2V2 states that the concentration (C1) and volume (V1) of the initial solution is equal to the concentration (C2) and volume (V2) of the final solution. This means that the amount of solute (in this case, RNA) before and after dilution is the same. The formula can be used to calculate the volume of the stock solution required to prepare a dilution of a specific concentration.1. Label two new 1.5 mL microfuge tube with your name and RNA sample. Close the lids on them.2. Using a micropipette, pipette 30 µL of your RNA sample into one of the labeled tubes.3. Using the formula C1V1

= C2V2, we can calculate the volume of stock solution required to prepare the dilution.C1

= initial concentration

= unknown V1

= initial volume

= 30 µL (the volume we pipetted)C2

= final concentration

= 250 ng/µLV2

= final volume

= unknown (what we need to find)We can rearrange the formula to solve for V2:V2

= C1V1/C2V2

= (C1V1)/C2V2

= (100 ng/µL × 30 µL) ÷ 250 ng/µLV2

= 12 µL4.

Using a micropipette, pipette 12 µL of the stock solution into the second labeled tube.5. Add 18 µL of nuclease-free water to the second labeled tube to bring the total volume up to 30 µL. This will give a final concentration of 250 ng/µL.

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The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of liquid pentene  in oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide gas and water vapor is:

\(C_5H_10 (l) + 8O_2 (g)\) → \(5CO_2 (g) + 5H_2O (g)\)

This equation shows that one molecule of pentene reacts with eight molecules of oxygen gas to produce five molecules of carbon dioxide gas and five molecules of water vapor. The equation is balanced because there are equal numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.

This combustion reaction is exothermic, which means that it releases heat and light energy. It is also a type of oxidation reaction in which pentene reacts with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water, while the carbon-hydrogen bonds in pentene are broken and replaced by carbon-oxygen and hydrogen-oxygen bonds.

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Answer:

A conductor coil (a copper coil tightly wound onto a metal core) is rotated rapidly between the poles of a horseshoe type magnet. ... The magnetic field will interfere with the electrons in the conductor to induce a flow of electric current inside it.

B. when water changes state from a solid to a liquid, thermal energy is absorbed.

The process of moving energy from one system to another, such as through the transmission of heat, work, or mass, is known as energy transfer.

It should be noted that the transformation of energy into another form or the transfer of energy from one location to another.

The mode of energy transfer are:

In summary, thermal, radiant, chemical, nuclear, electrical, motional, acoustic, elastic, and gravitational energy are some of the different types of energy.

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Answer:

CrO₂ --------------------> Cr⁴⁺ and O²⁻

VCO₃ -------------------> V²⁺ and CO₃²⁻

Cr₂(SO₄)₃ -------------> Cr³⁺ and SO₄²⁻

(NH₄)₂S ----------------> NH₄⁺ and S²⁻

Explanation:

Within ionic compounds, the cation is listed first, followed by the anion. Some of the ions are polyatomic, meaning they are covalently bonded to other elements. Polyatomic ions always have a specific charge.

All of these ionic compounds have an overall charge of 0. As such, the charges of the cations and anions must balance out. In order to do so, there are some compounds which have more than one atom of each ion.

2.) CrO₂

------> Oxygen (O) always forms the anion, O²⁻.

------> Therefore, if there are 2 oxygen anions, the chromium (Cr) must have the cationic form of Cr⁴⁺.

------> +4 + (-2) + (-2) = 0

3.) VCO₃

------> Carbonate (CO₃), a polyatomic ion, always has the state CO₃²⁻.

------> If there is only one atom of each ion, the charges must perfectly balance, making vanadium (V) be the cation V²⁺.

------> +2 + (-2) = 0

4.) Cr₂(SO₄)₃

------> Sulfate (SO₄), a polyatomic ion, always has the state SO₄²⁻.

-------> The only way the charges could balance out is if the chromium (Cr) is in the cationic form Cr³⁺.

------> +3 + 3 + (-2) + (-2) + (-2) = 0

5.) (NH₄)₂S

------> Ammonium (NH₄), a polyatomic ion, always has the state NH₄⁺.

------> Sulfur (S) always forms the anion S²⁻.

------> +1 + 1 + (-2) = 0

Answer:

It is the temperature at which water is frozen or is pure ice

"Absolutely zero" temperature is the coldest temperature possible. It's so cold that everything stops moving and has no energy left. Scientists use a special scale called Kelvin to measure temperature, and absolute zero is at 0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius (-459.67 degrees Fahrenheit). We can't actually reach absolute zero in real life, but scientists have come very close in laboratories using special cooling methods.

2 moles of ammonia and 2.5 moles of oxygen gas will produce 2 moles of nitric oxide and 3 moles of water.

The reaction between ammonia (NH3) and oxygen gas (O2) to produce nitric oxide (NO) and water (H2O) is shown below:4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)The balanced equation shows that 4 moles of ammonia react with 5 moles of oxygen gas to produce 4 moles of nitric oxide and 6 moles of water. To determine the amount of products formed when a certain amount of reactants is used, we need to use stoichiometry.Suppose we react 2 moles of ammonia with 2.5 moles of oxygen gas. From the balanced equation, we can see that the ratio of moles of ammonia to moles of oxygen gas is 4:5. Therefore, ammonia is the limiting reagent because only 2 moles of ammonia are available, which is not enough to react with 2.5 moles of oxygen gas.To determine the amount of products formed, we will use the mole ratio from the balanced equation:4 moles NH3 : 5 moles O2 : 4 moles NO : 6 moles H2O2 moles NH3 is equivalent to (5/4) × 2 moles O2 = 2.5 moles O2So, 2 moles NH3 + 2.5 moles O2 → 2 moles NO + 3 moles H2O.The number of significant digits in the answer will depend on the number of significant digits in the given amounts of reactants.

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The concentration of dye in the original unknown solution is 2.2 ppm.

The concentration of the original solution can be determined using the dilution equation:

C1V1 = C2V2

where C1 and C2 are the concentrations of the original and diluted solutions, respectively, and V1 and V2 are the volumes of the original and diluted solutions, respectively.

In this case, the concentration of the diluted solution (C2) is 11.0 ppm and the volume of the diluted solution (V2) is 50.00 ml. The volume of the original solution (V1) is 10.00 ml.

Plugging in the values, we get:

C1 (10.00 ml) = 11.0 ppm (50.00 ml)

Solving for C1:

C1 = (11.0 ppm) × (10.00 ml / 50.00 ml)

C1 = 2.2 ppm

Therefore, the concentration of dye in the original unknown solution is 2.2 ppm.

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A temperature of -280°C is impossible because it is below absolute zero which is the lowest possible temperature that can be reached.

Absolute zero is defined as -273.15°C or 0 Kelvin.

To make 800 ml of a 1:10 dilution of 1x TBE buffer, you would need 80 ml of 10x TBE buffer and 720 ml of deionized water.

10x TBE buffer is used for gel electrophoresis. TBE stands for tris-borate-EDTA. Tris buffer is used to keep the pH constant, borate ions act as buffers for this process, and EDTA is a chelating agent that binds with cations like Mg2+ which can inhibit DNA enzyme activity. 1X TBE is created by adding 10 ml of 10X TBE buffer to 90 ml of deionized water.

To create a 1X TBE solution, mix 1 part of 10X TBE buffer with 9 parts of deionized water. Therefore, the amount of 10X TBE buffer required to create a 1:10 dilution (1X TBE) in 800 ml solution can be calculated as follows: 10X TBE: 80 ml (800 ml × 1/10)

Deionized water: 720 ml (800 ml × 9/10)

So, you will need 80 ml of 10X TBE buffer and 720 ml of deionized water to create a 1:10 dilution (1X TBE) in 800 ml solution.

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The percent by mass of acetic acid in the vinegar is 2.33%.

Below are the steps to solve the given problem using the data table given below:

Step 1: Calculate the mass of the vinegar. Given,Mass of flask and vinegar solution- 25.17gMass of flask- 15.12gMass of vinegar solution = Mass of flask and vinegar solution - Mass of flask= 25.17 g - 15.12 g= 10.05 g

Step 2: Calculate the moles of NaOH used in the titration.Molarity of NaOH solution is 0.1 M.Moles of NaOH = Molarity × Volume of NaOH usedMoles of NaOH = 0.1 M × 39.00 mL (since the initial volume of NaOH is 0.00 mL)Moles of NaOH = 0.0039 moles

Step 3: Determine the moles of acetic acid used in the reaction.The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NaOH and acetic acid (the main component of vinegar) is given below:CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2OMoles of NaOH = Moles of CH3COOH (since they react in a 1:1 ratio)Moles of CH3COOH = 0.0039 moles

Step 4: Calculate the mass of acetic acid used in the reaction.Molar mass of acetic acid is 60.05 g/mol.Mass of CH3COOH = Moles of CH3COOH × Molar mass of CH3COOH= 0.0039 moles × 60.05 g/mol= 0.234 gStep 5: Calculate the percent by mass of acetic acid in the vinegar.Percent by mass of acetic acid = (Mass of CH3COOH / Mass of vinegar solution) × 100%= (0.234 g / 10.05 g) × 100%= 2.33%.

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Answer:

The two measures required are:

C. The speed of sound waves.

D. The amount of time it takes sound waves to travel to the seafloor and back.

Explanation:

To measure the distance between the seafloor and the ship, it's very important to know:

i. the speed of the waves

ii. the amount of time it takes the sound to travel and back.

When estimating water depth, the speed of sound through the water is used. Then the formula for the simple calculation is given as:

Distance = speed x time.

Where speed is the speed of the sound waves and time is the amount of time it takes the sound to travel and back.

Answer:

D and C

Explanation:

I took the test and got it correct. Hope this helps! ;)

The bond and the force present between molecules is called intermolecular force. A hydrogen bond is present between the stearic acid and a water molecule.

Hydrogen bonds are the intermolecular force that forms a dipole-dipole interaction with an electronegative atom in the presence of the lone pair of electrons.

In stearic acid, \(\rm C_{18}H_{36}O_{2}\), hydrogen bonding exists between the oxygen and the hydrogen atom of the molecule.

Therefore, a hydrogen bond is present between stearic acid and the water molecule.

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Saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than unsaturated fatty acids due to their linear structure and stronger intermolecular forces.

Saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than unsaturated fatty acids of the same chain length due to differences in their molecular structures. A saturated fatty acid is composed of straight hydrocarbon chains with only single bonds between carbon atoms, while an unsaturated fatty acid contains one or more double bonds.

The effect of a double bond on the fatty acid structure is significant. The double bond introduces a kink or bend in the hydrocarbon chain, preventing the molecules from packing tightly together. This reduces the intermolecular forces between fatty acid molecules, making it easier for them to overcome these forces and transition from the solid to the liquid phase, resulting in a lower melting point. In contrast, saturated fatty acids can pack closely together due to their linear structure, allowing for stronger intermolecular forces and a higher melting point.

To determine the fatty acid with the higher melting temperature in each pair, we need to consider their structures and the impact of the double bonds:

a. 18:1

In this pair, 18:1 indicates an unsaturated fatty acid with one double bond at the 9th carbon atom. The presence of the double bond introduces a kink in the hydrocarbon chain, reducing the intermolecular forces and lowering the melting temperature compared to the saturated fatty acid 18:0. Therefore, the saturated fatty acid 18:0 has the higher melting temperature.

b. 18:0

Both fatty acids in this pair are saturated. Since they have the same chain length (18 carbons) and no double bonds, their molecular structures are similar. However, the presence of the shorter chain length (16 carbons) in the second fatty acid 16:0 would lead to a slightly lower melting temperature compared to the first fatty acid 18:0. Therefore, the saturated fatty acid 18:0 has the higher melting temperature.

c. 18:0

In this pair, both fatty acids are saturated. Since they have the same chain length (18 carbons) and no double bonds, their molecular structures are identical. Therefore, both fatty acids have the same melting temperature.

In summary, the presence of double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids introduces kinks in the hydrocarbon chain, reducing the intermolecular forces and lowering the melting point.

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Warm-blooded animals employ radiation to regulate the temperatures of the body. Therefore, the correct option is option A.

The term "warm-blooded" relates to animal species that bodies sustain a temperature higher than the ambient temperature. Homeothermic creatures (birds and mammals included) control metabolic activities to maintain a constant body temperature. The degree of thermoregulation in other animals varies.

Because animals employ more than two methods of temperature regulation, the terms "warm-blooded" and "cold-blooded" have become derogatory within the scientific community. Warm-blooded animals employ radiation to regulate the temperatures of the body.

Therefore, the correct option is option A.

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Answer:

Hydrogen chloride (HCl), a compound of the elements hydrogen and chlorine, a gas at room temperature and pressure. A solution of the gas in water is called hydrochloric acid.

Explanation:

hoped that helped

Answer:

i think it is chemical wait no physical

Explanation:

Explanation:

use the diagram above to understand it

The pH of the buffer solution is approximately 3.16, which corresponds to answer choice C.

A buffer is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it. This is due to the presence of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid) that can react with the added acid or base, thus maintaining the pH of the solution. In this case, the buffer contains a weak acid, HF, and its conjugate base, NaF.

To calculate the pH of the buffer, we need to use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which is: pH = pKa + log([conjugate base]/[weak acid]).

First, we need to find the pKa of HF using the given Ka value:

\(Ka = [H+][F-]/[HF]

pKa = -log(Ka)

pKa = -log(3.5 × 10^-4)

pKa = 3.46

Now we can plug in the values for the buffer:

[conjugate base] = 0.040 M

NaF [weak acid] = 0.080 M HF

pH = 3.46 + log(0.040/0.080)

pH = 3.46 - 0.301

pH = 3.16\)

Therefore, the pH of the buffer is C) 3.16.

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The formation of solid magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) by the reaction between chlorine gas (Cl₂) and magnesium metal (Mg) at high temperatures is classified as a synthesis reaction or a combination reaction.

Synthesis reactions involve the combination of two or more substances to form a single product. In this case, chlorine gas and magnesium metal combine to produce magnesium chloride as the sole product.

The balanced chemical equation for this synthesis reaction is:

Mg + Cl₂ ⇒ MgCl₂

Hence, the reaction between chlorine gas and magnesium metal to form solid magnesium chloride indicates a synthesis reaction, as the elements combine to form a compound.

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The molality of the solutions in parts a, b, and c are 0.5 mol/kg, 2 mol/kg, and 4.5 mol/kg, respectively.

To determine the molality of each solution of an unknown nonelectrolyte in water given the freezing-point depressions, we need to use the equation:
ΔTf = Kf × molality
where ΔTf is the freezing-point depression, Kf is the freezing-point depression constant of water (1.86 °C/m), and molality is the amount of solute in moles per kilogram of solvent.
a. For the freezing-point depression of -0.930 °C, we have:
-0.930 = (1.86) × molality
molality = -0.930/1.86 = -0.5 mol/kg
Therefore, the molality of the solution is 0.5 mol/kg.
b. For the freezing-point depression of -3.72 °C, we have:
-3.72 = (1.86) × molality
molality = -3.72/1.86 = -2 mol/kg
Therefore, the molality of the solution is 2 mol/kg.
c. For the freezing-point depression of -8.37 °C, we have:
-8.37 = (1.86) × molality
molality = -8.37/1.86 = -4.5 mol/kg
Therefore, the molality of the solution is 4.5 mol/kg.

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Answer:

Atomic number 29

Atomic mass 63.546 g.mol -1

Electronegativity according to Pauling 1.9

Density 8.9 g.cm-3 at 20°C

Melting point 1083 °C

Copper has a melting point of 1083.4 +/- 0.2°C, boiling point of 2567°C, specific gravity of 8.96 (20°C), with a valence of 1 or 2. Copper is reddish colored and takes a bright metallic luster. It is malleable, ductile, and a good conductor of electricity and heat.