Robert wanted to find out what toothpaste made teeth the cleanest. Everyday he brushed his teeth with a different product and then took a plaque test to see how much plaque was left. He used Crest, Colgate, Close-up, and water. The fact that he used the same amount of each toothpaste would be an example of a (an)
10 points

Answer:

Google says "harvesting energy, making new proteins, getting rid of waste and so on"

Explanation:

The diversity of algal species is calculated for a coastal area before and after an oil spill has independent water (before and after the oil disaster) and dependent-algal species diversity.

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Answer:

Brown fat cells are present in our body which helps in regulating the body weight. The main role of brown fat is to produce heat when the temperature of body is going down or when we are feeling cold. They burn energy in order to produce heat and burning energy comes from white fat which can be translated into weight loss. This is how the brown fat helps in weight management.

The brown fat is activated by cold temperatures and it helps our body fast our metabolism by providing heat by burning energy.

A controlled experiment is a scientific test that compares two or more groups that are kept the same except for one factor that is changed or altered. This factor is the independent variable, and its effects on the system being studied are measured. A controlled experiment uses controls, usually separating the subjects into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group is exposed to the independent variable, while the control group is not. A controlled experiment allows researchers to determine cause and effect between variables.

According to this definition, the answer to your question is: A controlled experiment includes at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment. This option matches the description of a control group and an experimental group in a controlled experiment.

Answer:

Explanation:

Given that:

The dilution rate D = 0.28 h⁻¹

The concentration of lactose in the feed \(S_o = 2.0 \ g/L\)

The effluent S = 0.10 g/L

Also;

\(Y_{X/S} = 0.45 g\ X/g \ S , \\ \\ Y_{X/O2 }= 0.25 g \ X/g \ O2, \\ \\\)

Saturation C* = 8 mg/l

To calculate the steady-state biomass, we use the formula:

\(X = Y_{X/S}(S_o-S_e) \\ \\ X = 0.45(2.0 -0.10) \ g/L \\ \\ X= 0.45 (1.9) \ g/L \\ \\ X = 0.855\ g/L \\ \\ X = 855 \ mg/L\)

The biomass is 0.855 g/L

For a steady-state condition, the oxygen uptake rate can be illustrated by using the formula:

\(q_{o_2}X =\dfrac{\mu_X}{Y_{X/O_2}}\)

where;

\(\mu =\) dilution rate (D)

Thus, the steady-state can be expressed as:

\(q_{o_2}X =\dfrac{D}{Y_{X/O_2}}\)

\(q_{o_2}X =\dfrac{0.28}{0.25}\)

\(q_{o_2}X =1.12 \ h^{-1}\)

The specific rate of oxygen consumption \(q_{o_2}X =1.12 \ h^{-1}\)

b)

In the fermentation medium, if the desired DO concentration \(C_L\) = 2 mg/L

Here, the oxygen transfer is regarded as the rate-limiting step.

As such, the oxygen transfer rate(OTR) is equivalent to the oxygen uptake rate.

In this scenario, let's determine the oxygen transfer coefficient \((K_{La})\) by using the formula:

\(OTR = K_{La}(C^* - C_L)\)

where;

\(K_{La}\)= coefficient of oxygen transfer

C* = saturation

Since \(OTR = q_{O_2}X\)

\(q_{o2}X = K_{La}(C^*-C_L) \\\\ (1.12 )(855) = K_{La}(8-2) \\ \\ 957.6 = K_La (6) \\ \\ K_{La}= \dfrac{957.6}{6} \\ \\ K_{La} = 159.6 \ h^{-1}\)

Thus, the oxygen transfer coefficient \(K_{La}\) = 159.6 h⁻¹

Answer:

D.unicellular prokaryote

Explanation:

Answer:check the picture guys

Explanation:

The correct answer is energy flow.

The principles of energy flow that govern how matter and energy move between the many domains are unique to each one. Energy goes from the perimeter to the center of a sphere, while matter moves from the center to the periphery.

The movement's speed and the separation between the spheres are the two main determinants of energy flow. The distance between the spheres determines the pace of matter movement, whereas the distance between the spheres determines the speed of energy movement.

The amount of energy that is available to be utilized in a certain situation depends on the pace at which energy is moving.

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The four types of lipids, namely fats, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids, play distinct roles in various biological processes. Fats are primarily involved in energy storage, while phospholipids form the structural basis of cell membranes. Waxes provide protection and waterproofing for plants and animals, and steroids serve as signaling molecules and are involved in various physiological functions.

1. Fats: Fats, also known as triglycerides, are a type of lipid that play a crucial role in energy storage. They are composed of glycerol and three fatty acid chains. Fats are stored in adipose tissue and serve as a long-term energy reserve. During times of energy deficiency, fats are broken down through a process called lipolysis to release energy.

2. Phospholipids: Phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes. They consist of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acid chains, and a phosphate group. The unique structure of phospholipids allows them to form a lipid bilayer in cell membranes, with the hydrophobic fatty acid tails facing inward and the hydrophilic phosphate heads facing outward. This arrangement creates a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

3. Waxes: Waxes are a type of lipid that serve protective functions in both plants and animals. They are composed of long-chain fatty acids and a long-chain alcohol. In plants, waxes form a waterproof coating on the outer surfaces of leaves, stems, and fruits, preventing excessive water loss and providing protection against pathogens. In animals, waxes are found in structures such as the ear canal, providing lubrication and protection against foreign particles.

4. Steroids: Steroids are a class of lipids characterized by a four-ring structure. They have diverse roles in the body, including serving as signaling molecules and regulating various physiological processes. For example, cholesterol, a type of steroid, is a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, and cortisol. These hormones play essential roles in reproduction, development, and metabolism.

Overall, the four types of lipids - fats, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids - each have distinct functions and contribute to various biological processes in organisms.

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Answer:

AA & BB,   AB & AB,   Ao & Bo,   Ao & AB,   AB & Bo

Explanation:

As long as at least one A and one B is inherited, the offspring will have blood type AB. AA & BB parent combination will pretty much guarentee an AB, but with the other options it's also possible.

Ribozymes are molecules made of Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) that can speed up chemical reactions. In ribozymes, RNA molecules exhibit catalytic activity (i.e., they act as enzymes).

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Answer: C

Explanation: 5 star if it helped you <3

The nitrogen cycle is important to humans in the following way: it converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms (option B).

Nitrogen cycle is the natural circulation of nitrogen in a series of processes by which nitrogen and its compounds are interconverted in the environment and in living organisms, including nitrogen fixation and decomposition.

During the nitrogen cycle, atmospheric nitrogen is converted to nitrogen oxides by lightning and deposited in the soil by rain, where it is assimilated by plants and either eaten by animals (and returned as faeces) or decomposed back to elemental nitrogen by bacteria.

The usable form of nitrogen that is assimilated by plants becomes accessible to humans when they consume the plants, hence, depicting the importance of the nitrogen cycle.

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Answer:

Groundwater

Explanation:

The weak bonds that occur when atoms and molecules are temporarily attracted to each other by virtue of their proximity and charge are Vander Waal forces.

Van der Waals forces are weak forces that keep electrically neutral molecules together. At some point, these molecules have an induced dipole, which means they have a partially positive and partially negative charge for a brief period of time, leading them to attract one other.

They are forces of Van de Waals: The movement of electrons causes dispersion forces between non-polar molecules (union between atoms of the same element or between atoms with very little electronegativity difference).

Therefore, Vander Waal forces are the weak bonds formed when atoms and molecules are temporarily attracted to each other due to their proximity and charge.

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Answer:

1) epithelial tissue

Explanation:

Partietal cells are in the stomach and they form epithelial tissue

Answer:

Active site

In biology, the active site is region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction. The active site consists of amino acid residues that form temporary bonds with the substrate and residues that catalyse a reaction of that substrate

Explanation:

Hope it helps you!

Explanation:

to obtain energy..........

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A colony is a territory under the complete political and military control of the settlers of a state, which is distinct from the home territory of the sovereign.

Answer:

So methylene blue when brought to a slide of human cheek cells the nucleus and phone membrane and so forth turns into genuinely visible to facilitate gazing the slide under the compound microscope.

Calvin cycle is a sequence of chemical processes that take place inside the chloroplasts of where carbon dioxide is transformed into the three-carbon glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate molecule.

Thus, a carbon dioxide molecule enters a plant leaf during the daylight through the stomata, little holes on the leaf surface. The majority of photosynthesis takes place in the mesophyll cells, where carbon dioxide diffuses across the intercellular gaps once inside.

The Calvin cycle is a sequence of chemical processes where carbon dioxide is transformed into the three-carbon glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) molecule with the aid of enzymes and solar energy. The six-carbon sugar glucose is subsequently produced using some of the G3P molecules.

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True.

The vacuole allows the cell to keep the cytosolic concentrations of ions and metabolites optimal for metabolism.

Answer:if 0 is added to a number , the sum will remain the same. Hence 0 is called additive identity in the whole number.

Explanation:

Answer:

Identity Law of Addition

Explanation:

Identity Law of Addition states that any number added to 0 is equal to itself. Therefore, you can add any number and get the same sum. When we add0 to any number the sum will be, Additive identity is a number, which when added to any number, gives the sum as the number itself.

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Answer:

The phobia is called Ommetaphobia.

Explanation:

Ommetaphobia describes an extreme fear of eyes. Like other phobias, this type of fear can be strong enough to interfere with your daily routine and social activities, while also being considered irrational because of the lack of any “real” danger.

Answer:PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) and CNS (Central Nervous System) are two main divisions of the nervous system in the human body.

Differences:

Location: CNS is located inside the skull and vertebral column, while PNS extends outside of the CNS to the rest of the body.

Function: CNS is responsible for processing and coordinating information from all parts of the body, while PNS carries signals from the CNS to the body and from the body to the CNS.

Structures: CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while PNS is composed of sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.

Type of Neurons: CNS is primarily composed of interneurons, while PNS contains both sensory and motor neurons.

Control: CNS has complete control over the body, while PNS carries out the orders of the CNS.

Similarities:

Both PNS and CNS are essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

They both play a crucial role in transmitting and processing sensory information.

Explanation:

PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) and CNS (Central Nervous System) are two main divisions of the nervous system in the human body.

Differences:

Location: CNS is located inside the skull and vertebral column, while PNS extends outside of the CNS to the rest of the body.

Function: CNS is responsible for processing and coordinating information from all parts of the body, while PNS carries signals from the CNS to the body and from the body to the CNS.

Structures: CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while PNS is composed of sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.

Type of Neurons: CNS is primarily composed of interneurons, while PNS contains both sensory and motor neurons.

Control: CNS has complete control over the body, while PNS carries out the orders of the CNS.

Similarities:

Both PNS and CNS are essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

They both play a crucial role in transmitting and processing sensory information.

The nervous system has two different major parts.

The two parts are the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

The CNS includes the brain and the spinal cord and is the site of information processing and control whereas the PNS comprises of all the nerves of the body associated with the CNS (brain and spinal cord). All body sensations and changes in our external environment are relayed from receptors and sense organs to the CNS to be interpreted. The PNS can be divided into two subcategories: the sensory system, which consists of afferent or sensory neurons that convey information from receptors in the periphery of the body to the brain and spinal cord, and the motor system, which consists of efferent or motor neurons that convey information from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands. In CNS the groups of neurons are called nuclei whereas in PNS the groups of neurons are called ganglia. In CNS brain in vertebrates is protected by the cranium (brain box) which is present in the skull and spinal cord is protected by vertebral column (back bone) whereas in PNS such protective structures are not found.

The theory tha states that organs not in use will dissappear while organs in use will develop is the Theory of Use and Disuse (letter D), that is a Lamarck theory. That theory states that when a organ became specially developed because of a environmental need it will develop and be passed on the offspring making that trait a characteristic of the species, while if the orga

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Small populations are more likely to experience the loss of diversity over time by random chance, which is called genetic drift.