The brief electrical impulse by which information is transmitted along the axon of a neuron is called a(n): refractory period. stimulus threshold. action potential. resting potential.
Answers
Answer:
action potential
Related Questions
Explain how protein electrophoresis is done. Is it different from DNA and RNA electrophoresis?
Answers
As the name implies protein electrophoresis is used to determine proteins in a sample and DNA electrophoresis is used to determine DNA segments (and later sequences) in a given sample.
treating bacteria, like e. coli, with a cold solution of calcium chloride can make the cells more receptive to take up dna from a solution. bacterial cells prepared by this process are referred to as: group of answer choices
Answers
The ice-cold calcium chloride \(CaCl_{2}\) solution makes it easier for DNA to adhere to the cell's surface and subsequently enter the cell following a brief heat shock. Typically, selection or screening markers like drug resistance or fluorescence are used to identify altered cells.
If E. coli cells' cell walls are modified to allow DNA to pass through more freely, the likelihood that the cells will integrate foreign DNA increases. These cells are described as "capable." Among the capable cell preparation techniques, the calcium chloride transformation approach is the most effective one. It enhances plasmid DNA incorporation by the bacterial cell, promoting genetic modification. Plasmid DNA can attach to LPS by being added to the cell suspension together with calcium chloride. Thus, when heat shock is applied, the negatively charged DNA backbone and LPS combine, and plasmid DNA enters the bacterial cell.
Learn more about calcium chloride
https://brainly.com/question/664620
#SPJ4
in protein synthesis, eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells show similarities in all of the following except the
Answers
In protein synthesis, eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells show similarities in all of the following except the number of proteins encoded on a single mRNA. The first amino acid, formyl-methionine.
Which aspects of protein synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes are similar and different?In prokaryotes, mRNA is polycistronic and may contain several genes that are translated to produce a number of proteins. Each monoisotopic (only one gene and one protein) mRNA in eukaryotes carries a single gene.
Eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteins are synthesized by 80S and 70S ribosomes, respectively. Eukaryotes' cytoplasm is where protein synthesis takes place. Before the transcription of an mRNA molecule is finished, protein synthesis takes place in prokaryotes.
To know more about protein synthesis visit:
https://brainly.com/question/9491716
#SPJ4
a coenzyme assists an enzyme by accepting or donating matter. what does nad+ transfer?
Answers
NAD⁺ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) transfers electrons during redox reactions. It accepts electrons and a hydrogen ion (H⁺) from a substrate, forming NADH.
NAD⁺ acts as an electron carrier in metabolic reactions. It functions by accepting and donating electrons, which enables the transfer of energy during redox reactions. NAD⁺ accepts two electrons and a hydrogen ion (H⁺) from a substrate, resulting in the formation of NADH.
NADH then acts as an energy-rich molecule that donates its electrons to other molecules in various metabolic pathways, such as cellular respiration. This electron transfer facilitates the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the primary energy currency of cells.
To learn more about NAD⁺ follow the link:
https://brainly.com/question/15427146
#SPJ4
In a scientific investigation, it is important that the number of objects or events being sampled be?
Answers
It is crucial that there be enough items or events being sampled to provide a reliable estimate for the entire population.Choice A
What is a scientific investigation?The term scientific investigation refer to deliberate search for scientific knowledge. We can search for scientific knowledge by the use of experiments. These experiments are able to establish cause and effect relationships.Scientific research is a strategy for posing issues and evaluating potential answers.In scientific study, observations are typically the first step.Observations are typically followed by questions. A hypothesis is a potential explanation for a scientific question based on current scientific understanding. Thus, in a scientific investigation, it is important that the number of objects or events being sampled be large enough to give an accurate estimate for the whole population. Option ATo learn more about scientific investigation refer
https://brainly.com/question/28401295
#SPJ1
I need help on this problem
Answers
Daphnia is an acuatic microarthropod which depends on the environment to perform its metabolic tasks. Arthropods are poikolotermic, which means their body temperature depends in the environment's temperature. Considering the above, it would be important to measure the following variables for some period fo time, let's say 90 days: 1) temperature, 2)salinity, 3)organic matter and 4) pH. Number of days is important, so we could give Daphnia time to acclimate to its new environment. We should measure at least to points, in the beginning, to measure the immediate to response to the abiotic change, and at the end, to measure the effect of the measured variable in Daphnias heart.
The design could comprise treatments with normal values of this variables where Daphnia lives, and with a couple of extreme values (both upper and lower extremes. For example, imagine Daphnia uses to live in lakes with mean temperature of 19 C, then this would be the control case for temperature and you could also use 14 C and 24 C, as the treatments to explore the effects of temperature variation. In any case the choice of values should be informed by literature. For example with ongoing climate change, you could use the projected rises in temperature to explore how Daphnia would perform in those cases. After performing the individual variable assays (I mean, temperature fluctuates, the rest of parameters are hold the same). It would be pretty informative to combine variables. Let's say, how could Daphni behave with warming and acidic pH. Another example, how could Daphnia behave with warming and organic matter enrichment/oligotrophy (poor concentration of nutrients). In this way you could asses more realistic scenarios, since nature has these and much more variables playing simultaneously. According to the problem, heart rate is the variable of interest (that is of our response variable), therefore we should measure heartrate in all the conditions mentioned above. As all organismis search to keep their metabolism/functions (that includes heart rate, among many other) with major changes, we should see some fluctuations in the begginng of the assay, but their will tend to stabilize if Daphnia is able to cope with the altered environment conditions.
a bacterium has a special need for 6-phosphogluconate. what precursors and possible cofactors are needed in the most efficient (fewer number of enzymes) to generate this? (if multiple substrates would be created, assume they can be easily recycled.) products from nucleic acid catabolism intermediates from glycolysis glucose-6-phosphate from glycogen and nadp glucose-6-phosphate from glycogen and nadph products from nucleic acid catabolism and nadph
Answers
Answer:
To generate 6-phosphogluconate, the bacterium would need precursors from nucleic acid catabolism and intermediates from glycolysis. The bacterium would also need the cofactors NADP and NADPH. These precursors and cofactors can be obtained from the breakdown of glycogen, as well as from the catabolism of nucleic acids. In the most efficient pathway, the bacterium would use enzymes to convert these precursors and cofactors into 6-phosphogluconate. It is possible that additional enzymes and cofactors may be needed in this process, depending on the specific requirements of the bacterium.
you may notice that during a meal, your voluntary jaw muscles become tired and weak, interfering with your ability to chew food. the muscle(s) being affected are
Answers
During a meal, if you notice that your voluntary jaw muscles become tired and weak, it interferes with your ability to chew food. The muscle that is being affected is your masseter muscle.
The masseter muscle is the primary muscle that is responsible for chewing food. It's situated in the face, right at the back of the jaw, and it connects the zygomatic arch to the mandible's lower edge. The masseter muscle, which is divided into two sections, works as a powerful closing force for the jaw during the biting phase. It is the biggest muscle in the head and can exert a force of up to 55 pounds. This muscle contracts each time a person takes a bite or chews their food, and it can help to explain why the masseter muscle can become tired or strained over time.When someone is eating something chewy or tough, the masseter muscle is forced to work more difficult, leading to discomfort. This is especially true if someone is prone to clenching their jaw when they eat. Other factors that might lead to masseter muscle discomfort include stress, anxiety, or sleep disorders, as well as certain dental or gum disorders. Even though there isn't any one-size-fits-all approach to treating masseter muscle pain, basic approaches like massage, heat or cold therapy, jaw exercises, and lifestyle modifications may provide relief.Learn more about masseter muscle https://brainly.com/question/30368237
#SPJ11
5 PLZ HELP 12points+
Select the correct answer.
If the population of rabbits in this ecosystem decreased dramatically because of certain environmental changes, which organisms’ food supply would decrease?
A.
owl and snake
B.
jackal and wildcat
C.
green plant and mouse
D.
goat and wildcat
Answers
Answer: B, the jackal and wildcat
Euglena falls under what kingdom ?
Answers
which sentence best describes exponential population growth? each individual reproduces more when the population density is low. the death rate of the population becomes lower and lower. the population increases in size despite intense competition for food. the population growth rate is not limited by any external factors.
Answers
The sentence "the population growth rate is not limited by any external factors" best describes exponential population growth.
When a population expands at a constant rate per person without any external constraints on this growth, it is said to be experiencing exponential growth. In other words, the population expands exponentially while each person reproduces at a constant pace, resulting in a sharp rise in population size over time.
Exponential population expansion is not adequately described in the other sentences. Even while a population's death rate may drop during exponential growth, this is not a defining feature of exponential growth. This sentence is unlikely to describe exponential growth because fierce competition for food would normally limit population growth. Finally, density-dependent population growth, which differs from exponential growth, is characterized by the adage that "each person reproduces more when the population density is low."
To know more about exponential growth
brainly.com/question/24135922
#SPJ4
All smooth muscles are ___? A. Banded or striped. B. Connected to bones. C. Involuntary. D. Voluntary
Answers
30 POINTSSSSS !!!!!
African penguins are only found along the southwestern coast of Africa. These penguins spend the majority of their lives at sea, but they return to land to breed during the winter. In response to rapidly declining population sizes, the species was classified as endangered in the year 2010. One of the threats facing African penguins is overfishing.
Overfishing occurs when the levels of commercial harvest of a fish population exceeds the ability of the population to replenish itself. Overfishing of African penguin's primary prey, anchovies and sardines, has led to significant population declines in these fish. As a result, African penguins have to travel further in search of food or to switch their diet to less nutritious prey fish, such as the bearded goby. Such shifts in food quality in penguins have been linked to decreased reproductive success, which is a measure of the number of offspring that are produced and survive.
Several strategies have been proposed to reduce the impact of overfishing on African penguins:
Strategy 1: Designate MPAs (Marine Protected Areas), zones in which commercial fish harvests are not allowed, in regions around African penguin colonies.
Strategy 2: Develop a stocking program to increase the populations of non-commercial fish species, like bearded gobies, in regions around penguin breeding grounds.
Strategy 3: Monitor the movements of anchovy and sardine populations to improve the understanding of the ecological needs of these animals.
Which strategy is likely to be the most effective in reducing the impact of overfishing on African penguins?
The strategy that would most likely reduce the impact of overfishing is . This strategy will be the most effective because it should lead to a , which should improve food availability for the penguins and heighten their reproductive success.
Answers
Answer:
Strategy 1
Explanation:
This Strategy lets the Penguins have some space to breed and grow their population without being harmed by over fishing areas or getting caught in the nets.
Strategy 1, Designate MPAs (Marine Protected Areas), zones in which commercial fish harvests are not allowed, in regions around African penguin colonies. strategy 1 is correct.
What are the characteristics of penguin ?Penguin animal is stocky, short-legged as their height ranges from around 14inches or 35cms and weight ranges from approximately 2pounds or 1kg in the fairy.
Some significant features of penguin is its color as they are black in color on their backs and white underneath.
They have limited to yellow or red irises in certain species, some of them are sport red feet or beak like Three species of Eudyptes have yellow brown tufts.
The Penguins have some space to breed and grow their population without being harmed by over fishing areas or getting caught in the nets.
For more details regarding penguin , visit
https://brainly.com/question/13858529
#SPJ2
How long does it take a 100.0 g sample of As-81 to decay to 6.25g?
How long does it take a180 g sample of Au-198 to decay to 1/8 its original mass?
What is the half-life of a radioactive isotope if a 500 g sample decays to 62.5g in 24.3 hours?
How old is a bone if it presently contains 0.3125 g of C-14, but it was estimated to have originally contained 80.0 g of C-14?
Thallium-208 has a half-life of 3.053 minutes. How long will it take for 120.0 grams to decay to 7.50 grams?
Answers
Answer:
1. Total Time: (34s)*(4) = 132s
2. 2.69 days
3. 8.10 hours
4. 5730 years*8 half lives = 45,840 years
5. 12.21
Consider an ideal gas with an absolute temperature of T1. To what absolute temperature would the gas need to be heated to double its pressure? Express the answer in terms of T1.
Answers
Answer: To double the pressure, the temperature has to be 2*t1 K
Explanation: Gay-Lussacs law states: for a constant mass of gas held at constant volume, Pressure is proportional to absolute temperature (degrees K)
p1/t1 = p2/t2
we have p1/t1 = 2*p1/t2—> t2 = 2*p1*t1/p1 —> 2*t1
Put the types of energy expenditure in order of the greatest contribution (1) to the least contribution (4) for most people
Physical Activity 2 Basal Metabolism 3 Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis NEAT) 4. Thermic Effect of Food
Answers
The types of energy expenditure in order of the greatest contribution to the least contribution for most people are: 1. Basal Metabolism 2. Physical Activity 3. Thermic Effect of Food 4. Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT)
Basal Metabolism is the most significant contributor to energy expenditure as it accounts for the energy needed to maintain bodily functions and keep us alive.
Physical Activity is the second most significant contributor as it accounts for the energy expended during physical activity, such as exercising or performing manual labor.
The Thermic Effect of Food is the third most significant contributor as it accounts for the energy used by the body to digest and metabolize the food we consume.
Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT) is the least significant contributor as it accounts for the energy used during non-exercise activities like standing or fidgeting.
Learn more about Energy expenditure.
https://brainly.com/question/29645805
#SPJ11
Help please!!! ( No links aloud )
≤))✓
_| \_
Answers
Answer:
i would say you can go to a link but no link T-T
Explanation:
Select the statements below that accurately describe the functions of the skeletal system. Check all that apply.
1) The skeletal system provides jobs for doctors who are experts on human bones.
2) The skeletal system creates blood cells.
3) The skeletal system stores nutrients such as calcium and potassium for later use in the body.
4) The skeletal system helps humans know what nutrients to eat.
5)The skeletal system provides structure and support to tissues and organs of the body.
Answers
Answer:
5)The skeletal system provides structure and support to tissues and organs of the body.3) The skeletal system stores nutrients such as calcium and potassium for later use in the body.
Explanation:
Answer:
The skeletal system creates blood cells.
The skeletal system stores nutrients such as calcium and potassium for later use in the body.
The skeletal system provides structure and support to tissues and organs of the body.
Explanation: ed2020 :)
A group of individuals from a larger population can migrate to a new area and establish a colony, which will be highly susceptible to genetic drift. This is known as
Answers
Answer:
Founder effect.
Explanation:
Migration refers to the movement of a group of people or other living organisms from one geographical region (location) to another geographical destination or colony in search of better living conditions, food, water supply, work or social amenities.
According to the founder effect, a group of individuals or living organisms from a larger population can migrate to a new area in search of better living conditions and establish a colony, which will be highly susceptible to genetic drift.
Exposure to certain antigen causes_____________ to convert to________ which then produces antibodies.
Answers
Exposure to certain antigens causes B lymphocytes to convert to plasma cells, which then produce antibodies.
When our immune system encounters foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses, it triggers an immune response to eliminate them. Antigens are molecules on the surface of these foreign substances that can trigger an immune response. B lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process.
Upon exposure to antigens, B lymphocytes bind to them through their antigen receptors. This binding activates the B lymphocytes, causing them to undergo a process called clonal selection. During clonal selection, the activated B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells.
Plasma cells are highly specialized B lymphocytes that are responsible for producing and secreting large quantities of antibodies. Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are proteins that can recognize and bind to specific antigens. By binding to antigens, antibodies help neutralize or eliminate the foreign substances, thus preventing infections.
In summary, exposure to certain antigens stimulates B lymphocytes to convert into plasma cells, which produce antibodies. This immune response is essential for protecting our bodies against harmful pathogens.
Learn more about Antigens here: https://brainly.com/question/31425285
#SPJ11
In considering the cross YyRr x YyRr, the phenotype ratios of the F2 generation will be _____.
Answers
Answer:
f2
Explanation:
When flexing all of the fingers joints maximally in combination with maximal wrist flexion and no further flexion of any of the involved joints may be reached, the result is _______.
Answers
When no further flexion of any of the involved joints may be reached, the result is an active insufficiency of the extensor muscles. They are involved in muscle extension.
What are the extensor muscles?The extensor muscles are muscles capable of increasing the angle between members in a given limb.
Extensor muscles include, for example, teres major, the latissimus dorsi, triceps brachii, etc.
Moreover, flexor muscles include upper limb flexors such as biceps brachii and brachialis.
Learn more about the extensor muscles here:
https://brainly.com/question/5935162
Humans can see the star Polaris from Earth.
It appears to move during different times of the year.
Explain why Polaris appears to move.
Answers
Answer:
Polaris could be a name for any North Star. ... All of these stars are moving through space, but they're so far away we can't easily see them move relative to each other. That's why the stars appear fixed relative to each other. And it's why, for the most part, we see the same constellations as our ancestors
When does the exponential growth of a population stop?
Answers
Answer:
When the population reaches its carrying capacity.
Explanation:
As a population grows, there is more competition for resources which can limit a population. There are also natural disasters that can play a role too such as disease. Another factor that is part of carrying capacity is the size of the habitat. If there is no room, then the population cannot increase.
Answer: When the organisms compete
Explanation:
ap3x
which is present in only eukaryotic cells?
Answers
Answer:
Mitochondria, nucleus, vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome.. (Any membrane-bound organelles)
Explanation: There are only membrane- bound organelles that can be found within eukaryotic cells rather than prokaryotic cells. Every organelle found within the prokaryotic cell have no membrane, thus are free floating organelles.
how does cardiac muscle differ from skeletal muscle
Answers
Answer:
Cardiac muscle differs from skeletal muscle in that it exhibits rhythmic contractions and is not under voluntary control.
can any of the skeletal material be used to determine the biological sex of the victim(s)? if so, which bone(s)?
Answers
Yes, skeletal material can be used to determine the biological sex of the victim. The skeletal material that can be used to determine the biological sex of the victim includes the skull, pelvis, and long bones such as the femur.
The determination of the sex of a victim from skeletal remains is important in forensic investigations where the identity of a victim cannot be established by other means such as identification documents, fingerprints, or DNA analysis. Sex determination is crucial to develop a biological profile of the victim, which can provide important information to solve the case and help in the identification of the victim.
The skeletal material that can be used to determine the biological sex of the victim includes the skull, pelvis, and long bones such as the femur. The skull contains several features that can be used to determine the sex of the victim such as the shape of the skull and size of the mandible. For example, male skulls are usually larger and more robust than female skulls.
The pelvis is another bone that can be used to determine the biological sex of the victim. The pelvis is generally wider in females to accommodate childbirth and is more narrow in males. Furthermore, the pelvis bone has several features that can indicate the sex of the victim, such as the subpubic angle which is greater in females.
The long bones of the body can also be used to determine the sex of the victim. The femur, for example, has features such as the shape of the bone and the size of the head and neck, which can indicate the sex of the victim.
Learn more about skeletal material here:
https://brainly.com/question/14333427
#SPJ11
the Monterey Kingdom has many kinds of organisms true or false
Answers
The Monera Kingdom has many kinds of organisms is True.
Unicellular and colonial creatures, such as cyanobacteria and the true bacteria (eubacteria), comprise the kingdom Monera, which contains 10,000 species (blue-green algae).
Members of the Kingdom Monera family are prokaryotes. None of the species that make up this kingdom have a true nucleus. These are the oldest known bacteria on Earth. DNA is not found in their nucleus.
The monerans are unicellular organisms. They include 70S ribosomes. The exposed DNA is not protected by a nuclear membrane. The centrosome, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi bodies, mitochondria, and other organelles are absent. They procreate sexually through a binary fission or budding process.
CORRECT QUESTION:
Does the Monera Kingdom have many kinds of organisms, true or false?
To learn more about Monera visit: https://brainly.com/question/16285429
#SPJ9
NEED ANSWER FAST PLEASE AND THANK U
Answers
For a claim about the natural world to be considered a scientific claim, attributes A, B, and C must it have.
It must be established on scientific observations that can be repeated in a controlled setting, it must be available for modification if new evidence doesn't completely support it, and it must be applied to future events and circumstances.
A scientific claim should have predictive power and be applicable to future events and occurrences, allowing for the formulation of hypotheses and the advancement of scientific understanding. It should be grounded in empirical evidence and observations that can be replicated and tested in controlled experiments.
Learn more about scientific claims, here:
https://brainly.com/question/1839136
#SPJ1
Active transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient). This requires energy from respiration.
Examples of active transport are:
• Mineral ions absorbed into plant root hairs from very dilute solutions in the soil. Plants require ions for healthy growth.
• Sugar molecules absorbed from lower concentrations in the gut into the blood, which has a higher sugar concentration. Sugar molecules are used for cell respiration.
You should be able to describe how substances are transported into and out of cells by diffusion, osmosis and active transport, and explain the differences between the three processes.
Sugar can be absorbed by active transport in the intestine. Give two uses for the sugar.
Answers
Active Transport transfers a substance from a more diluted solution to a solution that is more concentrated. Sugar is used in cell respiration and absorbs in intestine.
What is active transport?Active transport is defined as a process when molecules are propelled by external energy through a gradient or obstacle from an area of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.
It can also be defined as the passage of molecules or ions across a cell membrane across a concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to a region of greater concentration.
Thus, active transport transfers a substance from a more diluted solution to a solution that is more concentrated. Sugar is used in cell respiration and absorbs in intestine.
To learn more about active transport, refer to the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/12133248
#SPJ1