The distance from the sun to jupiter is 778,000 000km. How long does it take for light from the sun to jupiter?

Answers

Answer 1

2.6×10³Seconds is the time taken by the light to cover the distance from sun to Jupiter.

Time= distance ÷speed

Time=?

Distance= 778,000 000 kilometre

Speed of light is= 3×10⁸

Converting the 778,000 000 kilometre into metre

Since we know that 1 kilometre = 1000 meter

So we will multiply 1000 to the given value 778,000 000 kilometre

So the answered will be,

= 778,000 000,000 meter

Now we can write this value as,

= 778 × 10⁹ meter

Also, = 7.78 × 10¹¹  meter

Now we are putting the values into the above formula that is,

Time= 7.78 × 10¹¹ ÷ 3×10⁸

Time= 2.6 × 10³ Seconds

Jupiter:  Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and is the biggest planet in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a mass just below one thousandth that of the Sun but greater than 2.5 times that of all the other planets combined in the Solar System.

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Related Questions

what would be the short cut for Argon?

Answers

Answer:

Ag

Explanation:

I am not sure what you meant by shortcut, but that's the symbol

Explain why iron (ii) tetraoxosulphate (vi) is always prepared freshly to be used for analysis.​

Answers

Iron (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI) is always prepared freshly to be used for analysis as iron undergoes  chemical change of oxidation from+2 to +3 oxidation state.

What are chemical changes?

Chemical changes are defined as changes which occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance breaks down or decomposes to give new substances it is also considered to be a chemical change.

There are several characteristics of chemical changes like change in color, change in state , change in odor and change in composition . During chemical change there is also formation of precipitate an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.

There are three types of chemical changes:

1) inorganic changes

2)organic changes

3) biochemical changes

During chemical changes atoms are rearranged and changes are accompanied by an energy change as new substances are formed.

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Quick explanation please i'm having trouble

Two different atoms have nine protons each and the same mass. However, one is neutral while the other has a negative charge. Describe what each atomic structure could be, listing the possible number and location of all subatomic particles.

Answers

It’s asking what subatomic particles each could have where one would be negative and they’d have the same mass. Since one is neutral it will have an equal amount of electrons and protons, while the negative one will have more electrons since they are negatively charged. It would be possible for one atom to have 9 protons, 9 electrons, and 1 neutron while the other has 9 protons and 10 electrons. Or you could take out the neutron because electrons don’t really have mass

Sodium only has one naturally occuring isotope, Na23 , with a relative atomic mass of 22.9898 u. A synthetic, radioactive isotope of sodium, Na22 , is used in positron emission tomography. Na22 has a relative atomic mass of 21.9944 u.

A 2.4698 g sample of sodium containing a mixture of Na23 and Na22 has an apparent "atomic mass" of 22.9551 u . Find the mass of Na22 contained in this sample.

Answers

Based on the given relative atomic masses of the isotopes, the mass of Na-22 contained in this sample is 0.086 g.

What is the relative atomic mass of an element?

The relative atomic mass of an element is the average mass of one mole of an atom of an element calculated from the atomic masses of the atoms of an element and their relative abundances.

relative atomic mass of an element = sum of atomic mass * relative abundance of each isotope.

Isotopes of elements are atoms of an element that differ from each other by their masses. The difference in the mass of the isotopes is a result of the difference in the number of neutrons contained within the nucleus of the atoms of the isotopes.

Considering the naturally occurring sodium isotope, Na-23, and the synthetic, radioactive isotope of sodium, Na-22:

the relative atomic mass of Na-23 = 22.9898 u

the relative atomic mass of Na-22 = 21.9944 u.

mass of sample = 2.4698 g

the apparent atomic mass of the isotope = 22.9551 u

Sum of the relative abundances = 1

Let relative abundance of Na-22 = x

relative abundance of Na-22 = 1 - x

22.9898 * (1 - x) + 21.9944 * x = 22.9551

22.9898 - 22.9898x + 21.9944x = 22.9551

0.9954x = 0.0347

x = 0.035

Mass of Na-22 in the sample = 2.4698 * 0.035

Mass of Na-22 in the sample = 0.086 g

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a question was asked by a teacher to a student. She gave the student a jumbled word and told him to make words out of it. The jumbled word is gzeysktqix. Now you know what to do. see ya!​

Answers

The jumbled word "gzeysktqix" can be unscrambled to form the word "skyzigtext."

Here are possible words that can be made from this jumbled word:

Sky: Referring to the atmosphere above the Earth.

Zig: Describing a series of sharp turns or angles.

Text: Referring to written or printed words.

Six: The number following five and preceding seven.

It seems that the jumbled word has provided a mix of letters that can be rearranged to form these words. This exercise is likely intended to enhance the student's vocabulary skills, spelling ability, and problem-solving skills. By unscrambling the letters, the student is encouraged to explore different word possibilities and apply their knowledge of language. It also promotes critical thinking and creativity as they find valid words from the given set of letters.

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Katie’s teacher has asked her to identify an unknown substance. She thinks about the properties of matter that will help her identify the substance. She knows it is a colorless liquid. She thinks it may be water but knows there are many colorless liquids that are not water. Which of the following statements would inform Katie that the liquid is NOT water?

Answers

Answer:

the liquid freezes at 32 degrees celcius(A) is not the properties of water as water freezes at 0 degrees celcius

What is the molar ratio of acid to base for the neutralization reaction between hcl and naoh?.

Answers

The mole ratio of acid to base when neutralizing hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide is 1:1. A mole of NaOH would completely neutralize one mole of HCl.

The mole ratio would be 2:1 if the hydrochloric acid and barium hydroxide were to be combined instead. Assuming they react in a 1:1 ratio in accordance with the balanced neutralization equation, the moles of acid and base are identical at the equivalence point in a neutralization. Using the reaction between solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide as an example, let's examine how a neutralization reaction creates both water and a salt. This reaction's general equation is NaOH + HCl H2O and NaCl.

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please help

What is the most significant cause of species extinction on Earth?

A) rare disease
B) habitat destruction by humans
C) natural climate events
D) earthquakes

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

i think

Which of the following is an example of an electric force acting at a distance?

Answers

Answer:

The electric force acting at a distance can be observed when someone rubs a glass rod with something woolen then the rod is taken away from the woolen material. The piece of paper leaps into air and sticks on to the rod. This is due to the electrostatic force of attraction that the paper sticks on the glass rod.

Explanation:

Answer:

Pam rubs a glass rod with wool, then moves the rod over a pile of small paper scraps. The scraps leap into the air and stick to the rod.

Which of the Atoms shown has an atomic number four

Which of the Atoms shown has an atomic number four

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Atomic # = Protons

it says 4 p in the inside of the orbital

Bauxite must go through two processes to produce aluminum metal. The yield of the Bayer process, which extracts aluminum oxide from bauxite, is 40 percent The yield of converting aluminum oxide to aluminum is 50 percent. Determine the yield in grams of aluminum from one cubic meter of bauxite ore.

Answers

The yield of aluminium obtained from 1 m^3 of bauxite is 419810 g

What is a Percent yield

A percent yield of a substance measures the amount of the substance actually obtained as a percentage ratio of expected yield.

Percent yield = actual yield / expected yield × 100%

How to calculate the mass of aluminium obtained from bauxite

From the data given:

40 % of the bauxite is converted to aluminium oxide.

Volume of bauxite = 1 m^3

40 % of 1 m^3 = 0.4 m^3

volume of aluminium oxide = 0.4 m^3

density of aluminium oxide = 3965 kg/m^3

Using mass = density × volume

mass of aluminium oxide = 0.4 × 3965 kg

mass of aluminium oxide = 1586 kg

Formula of aluminium oxide is Al203

molar mass of aluminium oxide = 102 g

percentage mass of aluminium in one mole of aluminium oxide = mass of aluminium / mass of aluminium oxide × 100 %

Percentage mass of aluminium in aluminium oxide = 54/102 × 100

Percentage mass of aluminium in aluminium oxide = 52.94 %

Expected mass of aluminium from aluminium oxide = 52.94 × 1586

Expected mass of aluminium = 839.62 kg

Actual yield = 40 % × 839.62

Actual yield of aluminium = 419.81 kg

mass of aluminium in grams = 419810 g

Therefore, mass of aluminium obtained from 1 m^3 of bauxite is 419810 g

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2. Liquid water is much less dense than solid lead. The relevant values are 1 g/mL and 11
g/mL, respectively. Is this a comparison of physical or chemical properties? Briefly justify
your choice.

Answers

Density is a physical property of a substance. Thus, this is a comparison of a physical property.

What are physical properties?

Any measurable property whose value defines the nature of a physical system is referred to as a physical property.

Changes in the Physical properties of a system describe the changes in its temporary states.

The arrangement of the matter in a sample can be changed by the measurement of the physical property but the molecular structure cannot.

Or to put it another way, a change in a physical property may be physical but not chemical.

Two types of physical properties are intensive and extensive properties.

An intensive property is a bulk property. It is independent of system size or the content of the material.

An extensive property is additive and it depends on the amount of material present in the system.

Temperature, refractive index, and density are examples of intensive property and mass and volume are examples of extensive property

Hence, density is a physical property. Thus, the comparison is of the physical properties.

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U Activity 2. Lights On, Lights Off Write On if the process pertains to light-dependent reaction and writes OFF if the process pertains to the light-independent reaction. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. It is also known as the dark reaction of photosynthesis.
2. Primary acceptor of carbon is Photosystem I and II.
3. Site of the process is in the stroma. 4. Photolysis of water does not occur.
5. Process type is both cyclic and non-cyclic processes.
6. It is a release of oxygen that gives off aldehydes and hydrogen upon dehydrogenation
7. It is a process that converts solar energy into chemical energy.
8. It is a light dependent process.
9. Process type is cyclic only,
10. Primary acceptor of carbon is Rubiscobisphosphate.​

Answers

1. It is also known as the dark reaction of photosynthesis: Off.

A dark reaction of photosynthesis takes place outside of the thylakoids and do not require light to proceed, so it is a light-independent reaction.

2. Primary acceptor of carbon is Photosystem I and II: On.

Photosystem I (P700) and Photosystem II (P680) are large membrane protein complexes that accepts carbon during a light-dependent reaction.

3. Site of the process is in the stroma: Off.

The stroma is the site for series of biochemical redox reactions called Calvin cycle, which is a light-independent reaction.

4. Photolysis of water does not occur: Off.

Since the photolysis of water doesn't occur, the reaction is a light-independent reaction.

5. Process type is both cyclic and non-cyclic processes: On.

A non-cyclic processes forms ATP, so it is a light-dependent reaction.

6. It is a release of oxygen that gives off aldehydes and hydrogen upon dehydrogenation: On.

A light-dependent reaction causes a release of oxygen that gives off aldehydes.

7. It is a process that converts solar energy into chemical energy: On.

The conversion of solar energy into chemical energy is typically a light-dependent reaction.

8. It is a light dependent process: On.

A light-dependent reaction takes place in the presence of light.

9. Process type is cyclic only: Off.

A cyclic process is a light-independent reaction because it doesn't require light.

10. Primary acceptor of carbon is Rubiscobisphosphate: Off.

When Rubiscobisphosphate is the primary acceptor of carbon, the reaction is a light-independent reaction.

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Whith of the following numbers is biger than 9.20 x 10-7?​

Answers

Answer:

(9.20×10)-7

92-7

=85

Explanation:

Multiplication comes first in BODMAS

Hope it helps

what's the molecular geomrtry of SiCI4​

Answers

Answer:

Tetrahedral

Explanation:

The molecular geometry of SiCl₄ is a tetrahedral shape. According to the VESPR molecular theory, the compound has a shape of a tetrahedron.

In this compound there are four bond pairs and no lone pairs. The total electron pair is 4 . The valence shell electron pair repulsion theory uses the total number of electrons pairs surrounding the central atom of a specie.

What happens to the energy of gas particles when an elastic collision takes place?

Answers

Answer:

Kinetic energy might transferred from one particle to another during an elastic collision, but  i don't think that there is going to be any change in the total energy of the colliding particles. Because there are no forces of attraction or repulsion between gas particles .

Explanation:

Suppose you have two samples that are equal in weight, 17.8
g Ti
and 17.8
g Fe2O3
.

Calculate the number of moles of each substance.

Answers

Considering the definition of molar mass, the number of moles of Ti and Fe₂O₃ are 0.087 moles and 0.11 moles respectively.

Definition of molar mass

The molar mass of substance is a property defined as its mass per unit quantity of substance, in other words, molar mass is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole.

The molar mass of a compound is the sum of the molar mass of the elements that form it (whose value is found in the periodic table) multiplied by the number of times they appear in the compound.

Molar mass of Ti

The molar mass of Ti is 204.37 g/mole.

Molar mass of Fe₂O₃

You know the molar mass of the elements is:

Fe= 55.85 g/moleO= 16 g/mole

So, the molar mass of the compound Fe₂O₃ is calculated as:

Fe₂O₃= 2× 55.85 g/mole + 3× 16 g/mole

Solving:

Fe₂O₃= 159.7 g/mole

Number of moles of each substance

You can apply the following rules of three:

If by definition of molar mass 204.37 grams of Ti are contained in 1 mole, 17.8 grams of Ti are contained in how many moles of Ti?

moles of Ti= (17.8 grams× 1 mole)÷ 204.37 grams

moles of Ti= 0.087 moles

If by definition of molar mass 159.7 grams of Fe₂O₃ are contained in 1 mole, 17.8 grams of Fe₂O₃ are contained in how many moles of Fe₂O₃?

moles of Fe₂O₃= (17.8 grams× 1 mole)÷ 159.7 grams

moles of Fe₂O₃= 0.11 moles

Finally, the number of moles of Ti and Fe₂O₃ are 0.087 moles and 0.11 moles respectively.

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The ionic compound MX(s) is formed from the metal M(s) and the diatomic gas X2(g) at standard conditions. Calculate the lattice energy given the following data( data in picture)

The ionic compound MX(s) is formed from the metal M(s) and the diatomic gas X2(g) at standard conditions.

Answers

The lattice energy of MX is 459.2 kJ/mol.

The lattice energy (ΔH° lattice) of an ionic compound is the energy released when one mole of the solid is formed from its constituent gaseous ions under standard conditions. The lattice energy is calculated using the Born-Haber cycle, which involves several steps including atomization, ionization, dissociation, and sublimation energies.

The lattice energy is related to the Coulombic attraction between the oppositely charged ions in the solid. To calculate the lattice energy for MX, we can use the following equation:

ΔH° lattice = ΔH° sub + ΔH° ion + ΔH° diss + ΔH° formation

where ΔH° sub is the sublimation energy of M(s), ΔH° ion is the first ionization energy of M(g), ΔH° diss is the dissociation energy of X2(g), and ΔH° formation is the enthalpy of formation of MX(s).

Using the given data, we can calculate each of these values and substitute them into the equation to obtain the lattice energy. The final answer should be in units of kJ/mol.

ΔH° sub (M) = 107.3 kJ/mol

ΔH° ion (M) = 577.5 kJ/mol

ΔH° diss (X2) = 242 kJ/mol

ΔH° formation (MX) = -467.6 kJ/mol

ΔH° lattice = 107.3 + 577.5 + 242 + (-467.6) = 459.2 kJ/mol

As a result, MX has a lattice energy of 459.2 kJ/mol.

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What is the last sequence for Silver

4d7
4d7

4d9
4d9

4p2
4p2

3d7

Answers

Answer:

4d₉

Explanation:

Silver is atomic number 47, Ag. So, count to 47 in orbitals:

1s₂ 2s₂ 2p₆ 3s₂ 3p₆ 4s₂ 3d₁₀ 4p₆ 5s₂ 4d₉

2 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 10 + 6 + 2 + 9 = 47

This sequence ends in 4d₉, therefore it is the last sequence.

A flexible container at an initial volume of 5.12 L
contains 8.51 mol
of gas. More gas is then added to the container until it reaches a final volume of 13.3 L.
Assuming the pressure and temperature of the gas remain constant, calculate the number of moles of gas added to the container.

Answers

Step-by-step Explanation:

8.51 moles is to 5.12 L  as  'x'  moles is to (13.3-5.12) L

8.51 moles / 5.12 L    =   x / ( 13.3-5.12)

x = 13.6 moles

T:
How were you able to balance the
reaction? Select the two correct
answers.
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
by using a coefficient of 2 for N₂
by using a coefficient of 4 for H₂
by using a coefficient of 3 for H₂
by using a coefficient of 3 for N₂
by using a coefficient of 1 for N₂
SUBMIT

Answers

The equation can be balanced by using options C and E

How do you balance a reaction equation?

To balance a chemical reaction equation, you need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. Balancing the equation is important because it follows the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Start balancing with elements that appear in the fewest compounds: Begin balancing the equation by adjusting elements that appear in the fewest compounds first.

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T:How were you able to balance thereaction? Select the two correctanswers.SELECT ALL THAT APPLYby using

Which of the following situations best shows deposition?

Answers

Answer:

chemistry, deposition occurs when molecules settle out of a solution. Deposition can be viewed as a reverse process to dissolution or particle re-entrainment. It is a phase change from the gaseous state to a solid, without passing through the liquid state, also called re-sublimation.

Explanation:

Examples include beaches, deltas, glacial moraines, sand dunes and salt domes. In severely cold temperatures frost will form on windows because the water vapor in the air comes into contact with a window and immediately forms ice without ever forming liquid water.

find the absolute and percent relative uncertainty
91.3 (+-1.0) mM * (40.3 (+-0.2) mL) / (21.1 (+-0.2) mL)

Answers

a. The percentage relative uncertainty is 1.1 %

b. The absoulte uncertainty is ± 1.9

a. How to calculate the percentage relative uncertainty?

Since 91.3 (+-1.0) mM * (40.3 (+-0.2) mL) / (21.1 (+-0.2) mL) is in the form

R = A × B/C, the relative uncertainty is given by

ΔR/R = √[(ΔA/A)² + (ΔB/B)² + (ΔC/C)²] where

ΔA = ± 0.2 mMA = 91.3 mMΔB = ± 0.2 mLB = 40.3 mLΔC = ± 0.2 mLC = 21.1 mL

Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have

ΔR/R = √[(ΔA/A)² + (ΔB/B)² + (ΔC/C)²]

ΔR/R = √[(0.2 mM/91.3 mM)² + (0.2 mL/40.3 mL)² + (0.2 mL/21.1 mL)²]

ΔR/R = √[(0.002191)² + (0.004963)² + (0.009479)²]

ΔR/R = √[0.00000480 + 0.00002463 + 0.00008985]

ΔR/R = √0.00011928

ΔR/R = ± 0.0109

ΔR/R ≅ ±0.011

So, the percentage relative uncertainty % ΔR/R = ΔR/R × 100 %

= 0.011 × 100 %

= 1.1 %

So, the percentage relative uncertainty is 1.1 %

b. How to calculate the absolute uncertainty?

Since R = A × B/C where

A = 91.3 mM, B = 40.3 mL and C = 21.1 mL

So, R = A × B/C

= 91.3 mM × 40.3 mL/21.1 mL

= 3679.39 mMmL/21.1 mL

= 174.38 mM

≅ 174.4 mM

Now, the absoulte uncertainty in R, ΔR = ΔR/R × R

= ±0.011 × 174.4 mM

= ± 1.92

≅ ± 1.9

So, the absoulte uncertainty is ± 1.9

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c) Discuss precision and Accuracy as they relate to types of errors.
what is the answer

Answers

Precision relates to the consistency and reproducibility of measurements, while accuracy reflects how close measurements are to the true value.

Precision and accuracy are two important concepts in the context of errors in measurements. While they both pertain to the quality of data, they refer to different aspects.

Precision refers to the degree of consistency or reproducibility in a series of measurements. It reflects the scatter or spread of data points around the average value. If the measurements have low scatter and are tightly clustered, they are considered precise. On the other hand, if the measurements have a high scatter and are widely dispersed, they are considered imprecise.

Accuracy, on the other hand, refers to the closeness of measurements to the true or target value. It represents how well the measured values align with the actual value. Accuracy is achieved when measurements have a small systematic or constant error, which is the difference between the average measured value and the true value.

Errors in measurements can be classified into two types: random errors and systematic errors.

Random errors are associated with the inherent limitations of measurement instruments or fluctuations in the measurement process. They lead to imprecise data and affect the precision of measurements. Random errors can be reduced by repeating measurements and calculating the average to minimize the effect of individual errors.

Systematic errors, on the other hand, are caused by consistent biases or inaccuracies in the measurement process. They affect the accuracy of measurements and lead to a deviation from the true value. Systematic errors can arise from factors such as instrumental calibration issues, environmental conditions, or experimental techniques. These errors need to be identified and minimized to improve the accuracy of measurements.

In summary, precision refers to the degree of consistency or reproducibility of measurements, while accuracy refers to the closeness of measurements to the true value. Random errors affect precision, while systematic errors affect accuracy. To ensure high-quality measurements, both precision and accuracy need to be considered and appropriate techniques should be employed to minimize errors.

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A 54.2 g sample of polystyrene, which has a specific heat capacity of 1.880 J-gc, is put into a calorimeter (see sketch at
right) that contains 100.0 g of water. The temperature of the water starts off at 21.0 °C. When the temperature of the water stops
changing it's 34.3 °C. The pressure remains constant at 1 atm.
Calculate the initial temperature of the polystyrene sample. Be sure your answer is rounded to the correct number of significant
digits.
thermometer.
insulated
container
water
sample.
a calorimeter

Answers

Tthe initial temperature of the polystyrene sample is 39.4°C.

Given: Mass of polystyrene sample = 54.2 gSpecific heat of polystyrene = 1.880 J-g°CWater mass = 100.0 g Initial water temperature = 21.0°CWater final temperature = 34.3°CPressure remains constant at 1 atmFormula used:Heat gained by water = heat lost by polystyreneHence,Heat lost by polystyrene = Heat gained by water=> mcΔT = mcΔTwhere,m = mass of polystyrene or waterc = specific heat capacityΔT = change in temperatureThe temperature change is ΔT = 34.3°C - 21.0°C = 13.3°CNow we can use this temperature change to calculate the initial temperature of the polystyrene.Taking the water's specific heat capacity, c = 4.184 J/g°CHeat gained by water = (100.0 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(13.3°C) = 5574 JHeat lost by polystyrene = 5574 JTaking the polystyrene's specific heat capacity, c = 1.880 J/g° ) = 13.3°C Now let's calculate the mass of polystyrene using the specific heat capacity formula.5574 J = (54.2 g)(1.880 J/g°C)(13.3°C - Ti)Ti = 39.4°C

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A solution is made by adding 23.1 mL of concentrated nitric acid ( 70.4 wt% , density 1.42 g/mL ) to some water in a volumetric flask, and then adding water to the mark to make exactly 200 mL of solution. Calculate the concentration of this solution in molarity.

Answers

Answer:

The correct solution is "3.6975 M".

Explanation:

The given values are:

Volume of solution,

V = 23.2 mL

Density,

D = 1.42 g/mL

Final volume,

= 200 mL

or,

= 0.2 L

Now,

The mass will be:

= \(D\times V\)

= \(1.42\times 23.1\)

= \(32.802 \ g\)

Mass of HNO₃ will be:

= \(\frac{32.802}{0.704}\)

= \(46.59375 \ g\)

Mol of HNO₃ will be:

= \(\frac{mass}{MW}\)

= \(\frac{46.59375}{63}\)

= \(0.7395 \ mol\)

hence,

The concentration will be:

= \(\frac{mol \ of \ HNO_3}{final \ V}\)

= \(\frac{0.7395}{0.2}\)

= \(3.6975 \ M\)

Sort the descriptions into either A.-Endothermic or B.-Exothermic.
1. water freezing
2. energy is absorb
3. heating pack
4. temperature of surroundings increase.
5. respiration
6. Energy is released
7. ice melting
8. photosynthesis
9. temperature of surroundings decrease
10. cooling pack

Sort the descriptions into either A.-Endothermic or B.-Exothermic. 1. water freezing 2. energy is absorb

Answers

According to the research, the following reactions are classified between exothermic and endothermic:

water freezing - Exothermicenergy is absorb- Endothermicheating pack- Exothermictemperature of surroundings increase- Exothermic.respiration- ExothermicEnergy is released- Endothermicice melting - Endothermicphotosynthesis - Endothermictemperature of surroundings decrease - Endothermiccooling pack - Endothermic

What are exothermic and endothermic reactions?

They are those processes that lead to the combination or modification of atomic nuclei that produces the release or absorption of energy.

In this sense, endothermic reactions where the energy of the product of the reaction is greater than the energy of the reactants and if the reaction releases energy in the form of heat or light, the process is exothermic.

Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, in endothermic reactions, elements absorb energy from the system and exothermic reactions, during their development, release energy.

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A solution is made by dissolving 38.81 grams of nickel (II) sulfate, NiSO4, in enough water to make 0.467
liters of solution. Calculate the molarity of this solution.

Answers

The molarity of the NiSO₄ solution made by dissolving 38.81 grams of nickel (ii) sulfate, NiSO₄, in enough water to make 0.467 liters of solution is 0.535 M

How do i determine the molarity of the solution?

First, we shall obtain the mole of 38.81 grams of nickel (ii) sulfate, NiSO₄. Details below:

Mass of NiSO₄ = 38.81 grams Molar mass of NiSO₄ = 154.75 g/molMole of NiSO₄ = ?

Mole of NiSO₄ = mass / molar mass

= 38.81 / 154.75

= 0.25 mole

Now, we shall determine the molarity of the solution. Details below:

Mole of NiSO₄ = 0.25 moleVolume of solution = 10.467 LMolarity of solution = ?

Molarity of solution = mole / volume

= 0.25 / 0.467

= 0.535 M

Thus, the molarity of the solution is 0.535 M

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If you have 257.4 mL of a 0.7280 M potassium carbonate solution and you need 500.0 mL of a 0.2250 M potassium carbonate solution, how much concentrated solution?

Answers

The amount of the concentrated solution and water needed would be 154.5 mL and 345.5 mL respectively.

Dilution problem

The problem here can be solved using the simple dilution equation that is expressed as:

\(m_1v_1\) = \(m_2v_2\)

Where \(m_1\) is the molarity of the undiluted solution, \(v_1\) is the volume of the underlined solution needed, \(m_2\) is the molarity of the solution to be prepared, and \(v_2\) is the volume of the solution to be prepared.

In this case:

\(m_1\) = 0.7280 M

\(v_1\) = ?

\(m_2\) = 0.2250

\(v_2\) = 500.0 mL

Rearranging the equation to make \(v_1\) the subject:

\(v_1\) = \(m_2v_2/m_1\)

 

Now, let's substitute the values:

\(v_1\) = 0.2250 x 500.0/0.7280

    = 154.5 mL

This means the volume of the concentrated solution needed is 154.5 mL out of 257.4 mL available. Since our final volume is 500.0 mL, the 154.5 mL stock solution will be made up to 500 mL with water.

Thus, the amount of water required would be:

500.0 - 154.5

  = 345.5 mL

In other words, the volume of the concentrated solution needed is 154.5 while the volume of water needed is 345.5 mL.

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The complete question: If you have 257.4 mL of a 0.7280 M potassium carbonate solution and you need 500.0 mL of a 0.2250 M potassium carbonate solution, how much concentrated solution and how much distilled water do you need?

What is ΔH∘rxn for the following chemical reaction?

CO(g)+NH3(g)→HCN(g)+H2O(g)

You can use the following table of standard heats of formation (ΔH∘f) to calculate the enthalpy of the given reaction.

Element/ Compound Standard Heat of Formation (kJ/mol) Element/ Compound Standard Heat of Formation (kJ/mol)
H(g) 218 N(g) 473
H2(g) 0 O2(g) 0
NH3(g) −45.90 O(g) 249
CO(g) −110.5 H2O(g) −241.8kJ
C(g) 71 HCN(g) 130.5kJ
C(s) 0 HNO3(aq) −206.6
Express the standard enthalpy of reaction to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.

Answers

To calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔH∘rxn) for the given chemical reaction, we need to use the equation for enthalpy of reaction, which is:

ΔH∘rxn = Σ(ΔH∘f products) - Σ(ΔH∘f reactants)

where ΔH∘f is the standard heat of formation for a given compound, and the summation symbol (Σ) indicates that we need to sum the values for all of the products and reactants in the reaction.

In this case, we are given the standard heats of formation for the products and reactants in the reaction:

CO(g)+NH3(g)→HCN(g)+H2O(g)

We can use these values to calculate the enthalpy of reaction, as follows:

ΔH∘rxn = Σ(ΔH∘f products) - Σ(ΔH∘f reactants)

= (ΔH∘f HCN + ΔH∘f H2O) - (ΔH∘f CO + ΔH∘f NH3)

= (130.5 kJ + −241.8 kJ) - (−110.5 kJ + −45.90 kJ)

= (−111.3 kJ) - (−156.4 kJ)

= 45.1 kJ

Therefore, the standard enthalpy of reaction for the given chemical reaction is 45.1 kJ to three significant figures. This value represents the amount of heat that is absorbed or released when the reactants are converted into products, and it can be used to predict the energetics of the reaction under standard conditions.

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