there is a volcanic island with a single population of mice that covers the island. a volcanic eruption occurs and splits the original population in two (a1 and a2). you had collected samples of dna from the original population a prior to the eruption, as well as the two populations that resulted after the volcanic eruption. your descendants have fortunately inherited your fascination with rodent genetics. fifty thousand years after the original volcanic eruption, your descendants return to the island and repeat the same sampling and dna sequencing strategy.

Answer:

Instead, real-world agents, including scientists, decide ... Because these scientific models often deviate from ... A is represented, unless there is a good reason to do so.

Answer:

Explanation:

I am confused what the question is..?

The burning of fossil fuels and deforestation are likely contributing to the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide in the carbon cycle.

The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Fossil fuels are carbon-rich substances that have been formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and organisms. When these fuels are burned for energy production, carbon that was stored in them is released as carbon dioxide.

Deforestation, which involves the clearing and removal of forests, also contributes to the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Trees and plants absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and store it in their biomass. When forests are cut down or burned, the stored carbon is released back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.

These processes disrupt the balance of the carbon cycle by adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere than natural processes can remove. As a result, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been steadily increasing over the past two hundred years, contributing to climate change and global warming.

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Answer:

Both

Explanation:

An uncharged object can become charged by gaining or losing electrons.

If an object loses electrons, it is left with more protons, which gives it an overall positive charge.

If an object gains electrons, it will have an overall negative charge.

The build-up of charges on an object is called static electricity.

Turgor, an internal stimulus, refers to water pressure in plant cell.​

Plant cells are defined as eukaryotic cells that differ from other eukaryotic organisms in several fundamental factors. Plant and animal cells both contain a nucleus with similar organelles. plant cell has the presence of a cell wall outside the cell membrane which is absent in animal cell

Plant cell is rectangular in shape which is comparatively bigger than animal cell. Even though plant and animal cells are eukaryotic and share some cell organelles, they are quite different when compared to animal cells because they perform different functions. There is a stimulus in plant cell called as turgor which is a water pressure.

Thus, Turgor, an internal stimulus, refers to water pressure in plant cell.​

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The cell theory also states that cells come from pre-existing cells, the answer is option A.

The cell theory of life according to Theodor Schwann, states three components which include:

Cells are the units and building block of every living organism on their own and contain genetic information encodings. They have energy flowing through them and are usually composed of the same chemicals.

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DNA analysis can be used to distinguish different species by comparing specific regions of their DNA sequences.

To distinguish different species by their DNA, scientists primarily focus on comparing specific regions of the DNA sequences that are highly variable among species. One commonly used region is the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is inherited maternally and has a higher mutation rate compared to nuclear DNA. Another region is the ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), which exhibit variations among species.

The process typically involves extracting DNA samples from different organisms, isolating the target region of interest, and sequencing the DNA to determine the nucleotide sequence. The sequences obtained from different species are then compared to identify differences and similarities.

These differences can be used to create DNA profiles or genetic markers specific to each species. Advanced techniques such as DNA barcoding or whole-genome sequencing can provide more comprehensive information and aid in species identification.

By comparing DNA sequences, scientists can uncover genetic variations unique to different species, allowing them to distinguish and classify organisms accurately. This information is valuable in various fields, including taxonomy, conservation biology, forensic science, and evolutionary research.

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The sympathetic nervous system is stimulated when the skin's cold receptors are stimulated, resulting in cold thermal sensations. In the skin, arms, and legs, sympathetic stimulation causes vasoconstriction.

In a variety of physiological ways, the nervous system coordinates the skin's response to cold weather.

The following are the physiological changes that occur in response to cold temperatures:

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Roche/454 pyrosequencing , useful for high throughput sequencing techniques. This method utilizes pyrosequncing which allows for sequencing as the sequence read out can be achieved at the same time as the sequence is extended.

High- throughput screening is the use of automated equipment to rapidly test thousand to millions of samples for the biological activities at the model organism, cellular, pathway or molecular level.Many DNA samples can be sequenced simultaneously.

Sanger DNA sequencing also known as chain termination. This method is used only for the single DNA fragment at a time. Amplicon sequencing with  NGS is efficient and cost effective . It is required a DNA  polymerase , nucleotide , dideoxynucleotides and buffer.

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Electrons to reduce CO₂ can come from : Glucose  

Most Non-sulphur Green and purple bacteria are photoheterotrophs because they use light as a source of energy while getting their reducing power from the electrons of glucose.

Green and purple bacteria uses sunlight but do not give out oxygen in return and they do not use only CO₂ as their carbon source, but uses electrons of glucose to reduce CO₂.

Hence we can conclude that Electrons to reduce CO₂ can come from : glucose

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Zoos are cheap and don't properly take care of animals nor do they give the right food portions often being under fed.

The correct option among the given options is the C. Office of Research Integrity. This agency oversees investigations of alleged research misconduct.

What is research misconduct?

Research misconduct refers to the violation of appropriate research procedures by intentionally, knowingly or recklessly distorting research outcomes or interfering with the analysis or reporting of research outcomes to shield one's own reputation or achieve personal gain. Allegations of research misconduct may include problems in grant application procedures, improper conduct, misrepresentation of research findings, conflicts of interest, insufficient research supervision, and many other issues. The Office of Research Integrity (ORI), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) are among the agencies that oversee research misconduct investigations. All of the other options mentioned in the question also play a significant role in the overall administration of research and drug assessment, but none of them are solely in charge of investigating research misconduct.

Therefore, the correct option is the C. Office of Research Integrity.

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Cheating is not ethical. The process of starting as a single cell and growing into trillions of cells is called cell division and differentiation, which is regulated by a complex network of genes and signaling pathways.

Cheating is unethical and not the right approach to learning. It is important to do the work yourself to truly understand the concepts and succeed in your education. As for the question at hand, the process of starting as a single cell and growing into trillions of cells is called cell division and differentiation.

During development, a single fertilized egg undergoes many rounds of cell division to form an embryo. As the cells continue to divide and differentiate, they become specialized and form the different tissues and organs in the body. This process is regulated by a complex network of genes and signalling pathways.

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Substances that cause an immune response are called antigens. The immune system recognizes and destroys, or tries to destroy, substances that contain antigens.

Antigens can also include non-infectious items like pollen, food fragments, and medications. Antigens are often foreign substances that infiltrate the body, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Antigens can also be found on the surface of aberrant or mutant protein-containing body cells, such as cancer cells.

The immune system can identify an antigen as foreign when it enters the body, at which point it begins an attack to get rid of it. To identify and eliminate the antigen, this immune response involves the creation of antibodies and the activation of immune cells such T cells and B cells.

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Answer:

A. Trace, b. Cast, e. Mold, c. Carbon film, d. Petrified

Explanation:

God bless and stay safe and im very sorry if this is wrong.

Answer:

c

Explanation:

they would have diffrent gene versions and protines to get their colors

In the pink rose, the copies of the gene are the same as each other, while the yellow rose has different copies, so it is concluded that the pink rose has one type of protein for the petal shape feature, while the yellow rose has two types of protein for the petal shape feature, as present in Option a.

Generally, the characters are dependent on the genes that are present in the DNA; either the gene variants, such as the alleles, show pure dominance or they combine to produce the effect, and here the pink rose petal has the same alleles so they will express the single protein while the yellow has different alleles so it has the chance of the two proteins.

Hence, in the pink rose, the copies of the gene are the same as each other, while the yellow rose has different copies, so it is concluded that the pink rose has one type of protein for the petal shape feature, while the yellow rose has two types of protein for the petal shape feature, as present in Option a.

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Answer:

Explanation:

First, we need to know what Hematopoietic stem cells are AND their suffixes. (HCS stands for Hematopoietic Stem Cells here)

HSCs are the most primitive cells of the blood lineage that form the entire repertoire of mature blood cells. HSCs undergo a series of binary cell-fate decisions to proliferate and differentiate, producing lymphoid cells, myeloid cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

The suffixes of Hematopoietic is "Poietic", which means Forming or like Dividing itself, basically the same meaning of Pluri

Now, we need to know the prefixes and suffixes of Pluripotent Stem Cells.

In Pluripotent, we can see that there is the "Pluri" part in it, which means Multi, or Multiple. And that is what this type of Cells do, they divide themselves, and self-renew themselves to develop themselves into the three primary germ cell layers of the early embryo and therefore into all of the adult body.\

So as we saw from this, that they both, (Hematopoietic stem cells and Pluripotent stem cells), basically do the same thing, that's why, it is an appropriate term for Hematopoietic Stem Cells to be called Pluripotent stem cells.

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When DNA is unmethylated and histones are acetylated, nucleosomes are spaced in the open configuration and transcription can occur. When DNA is methylated and histones are deacetylated, nucleosomes are relatively close together and transcription is suppressed. Therefore, changes in nucleosome spacing can directly affect the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors and other regulatory proteins, ultimately impacting gene expression.

Gene expression is the process through which a gene's information is used to create a functioning gene product, allowing it to produce end products like proteins or non-coding RNA and ultimately have an impact on phenotypes. However, in non-protein-coding genes like transfer RNA (tRNA) and small nuclear RNA (snRNA), the end result is a functional non-coding RNA instead of a protein. The core tenet of molecular biology, which Francis Crick first proposed in 1958 developed in his 1970 article and was later enlarged by the findings of reverse transcription and RNA replication, summarises gene expression.

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The molecule with the formula C18H36O2 would probably exhibit the trait that is - A.) Molecules with this formula would likely be hydrophobic.

The given molecule with the formula C18H36O2 has a high number of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms but a very less number of oxygen atoms that suggests that it is a hydrocarbon like a fatty acid.

Thus, the correct answer is - A.) Molecules with this formula would likely be hydrophobic.

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Answer:

Movement of the ribosome, 3 bases toward the 3’ end of the mRNA

Explanation:

Movement of the ribosome, 3 bases toward the 3’ end of the mRNA - This process can also be referred to as translator in the ríbosome.

This translocation process requires GTP hydrolysis.

Translocation occurs by the action of the enzyme elongation factor which uses the energy resulting from GTP hydrolysis to move to the A site on the small subunit forcing the tRNA and the mRNA to move a distance of one codon ( 3 bases) through the ribosome.

Explanation:

Bacteria grow to a fixed size and then reproduce through binary fission which a form of asexual reproduction. Under optimal conditions, bacteria can grow and divide extremely rapidly. Different kinds of bacteria need different amounts of oxygen to survive. that's all I know sorry :(

The change that occurred in the sequence of nucleotides that codes for the amino acid isoleucine resulted in the production of threonine.

The mutation in the codon is from ATC to ACT and ACC.

Changes to the DNA code that make up a gene or chromosome are known as mutations.

When DNA is replicated, mutations can happen spontaneously or as a consequence of exposure to mutagens like radiation or specific chemicals.

Depending on where they occur and how they affect the gene or chromosome, mutations can be harmful, helpful, or have no influence at all. Genetic disorders, cancer, and the long-term evolution of organisms can all result from mutations.

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

C- facilitated

Explanation:

Facilitated diffusion does not require additional energy. Active transport is the movement of particles across the cell membrane using energy.

Answer:

False.

Explanation:

A prokaryotic cell doesn't even have a nucleus.

Answer:

evolved extinction

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Answer:

because they consider the the difference of chemical components

Scientists divide Earth's core into outer and inner core because ; ( A ) They exist in different states of matter

The inner core of the earth is very hot and is composed mainly of Iron, it is as big as the size of the moon and is solid in nature. while the outer core which is liquid in nature is composed of iron and nickel and surrounds the Earth's inner core, acting as a boundary between the inner core the Earth's mantle.

Therefore the main reason why scientists divide the Earth core into outer and inner core is due to the difference in state of the inner and outer earth core, and not its chemical composition because they both contain Iron.

Hence we can conclude that Scientists divide Earth's core into outer and inner core because, They exist in different states of matter.

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True, single-stranded nucleic acids such as RNA can form complex, 3D, folded structures.

Single-stranded nucleic acids, including RNA, have the ability to form intricate and folded structures. RNA molecules can fold upon themselves, forming various secondary structures such as hairpins, loops, bulges, and stems.

These folded structures are stabilized by hydrogen bonding between complementary bases within the RNA sequence. The folding of RNA molecules is crucial for their functionality as it allows them to interact with other molecules, such as proteins, and perform diverse biological roles, including catalysis, regulation of gene expression, and protein synthesis.

RNA folding is guided by specific sequence patterns and can result in a wide range of complex three-dimensional structures. Understanding the folding principles of RNA is essential for deciphering its biological functions and developing therapeutic interventions targeting RNA molecules.

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