Use your analyzing and interpreting skills, answer the question below using the information provided, remember, your response should be in a CER format. Question provide evidence and reasoning to refute the claim below Dolphins and sharks share a recent common ancestor.
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Answer:
Claim: Dolphins and sharks share a recent common ancestor.
Counterclaim: Dolphins and sharks do not share a recent common ancestor.
Evidence:
1. Evolutionary history: Dolphins and sharks belong to different evolutionary lineages. Dolphins are mammals and are part of the order Cetacea, while sharks are cartilaginous fish and are part of the class Chondrichthyes. These two groups of animals diverged from a common ancestor over 400 million years ago, which is not considered recent in evolutionary terms.
2. Genetic evidence: Studies of the genomes of sharks and dolphins have shown that they have different genetic sequences and patterns, suggesting that they evolved separately and do not share a recent common ancestor. For example, a study published in the journal Nature in 2014 found that the genomes of sharks and dolphins have different patterns of gene duplication, which is evidence of independent evolution.
Reasoning: Based on the evidence presented above, it is unlikely that dolphins and sharks share a recent common ancestor. Although they share some similarities in their physical appearance and adaptations to aquatic environments, these similarities are likely the result of convergent evolution, where unrelated species evolve similar traits in response to similar environmental pressures. The evidence from evolutionary history and genetics strongly supports the counterclaim that dolphins and sharks do not share a recent common ancestor.
In conclusion, while dolphins and sharks may share some similarities, they do not share a recent common ancestor based on the available evidence from evolutionary history and genetics.
Explanation:
Claim: Dolphins and sharks share a recent common ancestor.
Evidence: According to my research, dolphins and sharks do not share a recent common ancestor. In fact, their last common ancestor swam the seas some 290 million years ago ³.
Reasoning: Dolphins and sharks have many differences. For example, sharks have skeletons made of cartilage while dolphins have skeletons made of bone. Sharks use gills to get oxygen from the water in which they swim while dolphins go to the surface and breathe atmospheric air in through their blowholes. Sharks don't nurse their young while dolphins do ¹. These differences suggest that dolphins and sharks have evolved separately for a long time.
Conclusion: The claim that dolphins and sharks share a recent common ancestor is refuted by the evidence that their last common ancestor lived 290 million years ago and by the many differences between the two animals.
Related Questions
Which are open, closed, or isolated systems? (1) a protein in solution in a sealed test tube, (2) the lungs, (3) a bird, (4) a lake, (5) a biochemical reaction in a reaction tube, (6) coffee in a thermos flask.
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The answer some example about system in Thermodynamics:
(1) a protein in solution in a sealed test tube [Closed System]
(2) the lungs [Open System]
(3) a bird [Closed System]
(4) a lake [Closed System]
(5) a biochemical reaction in a reaction tube [Closed System]
(6) coffee in a thermos flask. [Closed System]
An open system is a system that allows energy, matter, and/or information to freely enter and exit. In an open system, there is exchange between the system and its surroundings, and the system can be influenced by and can influence the surroundings. Examples of open systems include living organisms, the Earth's atmosphere, and ecosystems.
A closed system is a system that does not allow energy, matter, and/or information to enter or exit. In a closed system, there is no exchange between the system and its surroundings, and the system is isolated from the surroundings. The total amount of matter and energy in a closed system is constant, and the system's properties and behavior are determined by the interactions within the system. Examples of closed systems include a sealed container of gas, a planet, or a sealed bottle of soda.
An isolated system is a system that is completely separate from its surroundings and does not exchange energy, matter, or information with the outside world. In an isolated system, the total energy, matter, and information remain constant and are conserved within the system. An isolated system can only change through internal processes and interactions. Examples of isolated systems include a perfect vacuum or a planet with no atmosphere or interaction with other celestial bodies.
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Imagine two new volcanic islands spring up in the middle of the ocean. Each island is quickly founded by a few individuals of a species of aquatic bird that required fresh water to thrive. The two islands differ in rainfall, one wetter and one drier. Assuming that rainfall determines the carrying capacity for these birds, and that rainfall is consistent over time, what might the growth curves for the bird populations look like over many years for the two islands
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The bird population on the wetter island will have an S-shaped growth curve whereas , the bird population on the drier island will have a slower growth curve.
The carrying capacity of the two islands' bird populations will be determined by rainfall. As a result, the growth curves for the bird populations will differ. The growth curve for the bird population on the wetter island will be sigmoidal (S-shaped), indicating that as resources become less limiting, the population will grow exponentially and then plateau. On the other hand, the growth curve for the bird population on the drier island will be slower and will plateau at a lower population size than that of the wetter island.
To begin with, the carrying capacity of a population refers to the maximum number of individuals in that population that can be supported by the environment. Rainfall is the limiting factor for the bird population on the two islands because it affects the freshwater supply, which is critical for the bird species to thrive. As a result, the bird population's carrying capacity on the wetter island will be greater than on the drier island, resulting in a higher population density.The growth curve of a population refers to how the population size changes over time. Sigmoid growth curves are characteristic of populations that have unlimited resources, meaning that the environment is not limiting population growth. As a result, the bird population on the wetter island will have an S-shaped growth curve because the rainfall is more plentiful, allowing the bird population to thrive and grow exponentially.
As a result, the bird population will reach its carrying capacity quickly, and its growth rate will slow down. On the other hand, the bird population on the drier island will have a slower growth curve, with a lower carrying capacity. This is because the population is constrained by the environment, and as a result, the population size will be smaller, and the growth rate will be slower.
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The growth curves for the bird populations on the two islands would likely show different patterns due to the difference in rainfall.
How would growth be different in the two islands?On the wetter island, where there is abundant rainfall, the availability of freshwater would be plentiful. This would create favorable conditions, therefore, the growth curve for the bird population on this island would likely show a rapid initially, eventually reaching a stable population size.
On the drier island, where rainfall is limited, the availability of freshwater would be scarce. This would create more challenging conditions for the bird population. The growth rate may be constrained, leading to a slower overall growth rate compared to the wetter island.
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How does a feminist critic read a literary text?.
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Feminist criticism examines the ways wherein literature (and different cultural productions) reinforces or undermines the monetary, political, social, and mental oppression of women.
A feminist literary critic resists traditional assumptions whilst reading a text. in addition to tough assumptions which had been idea to be general, feminist literary criticism actively supports including women's know-how in literature and valuing ladies' experiences.
Feminist literary criticism has almost long gone through centuries to this point. This literary grievance is based totally on the reflection of women's state of affairs by using themselves in a long term and fulfilling their unique and realistic action. accordingly, feminism is the supply of feminist literary grievance.
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What kind of cells does HIV target? How does this targeting affect the hosts body process
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Answer:
The white bloods cells, it takes control of the DNA.
Explanation:
____ are the regions where growth is initiated by the proliferation of cells.
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Answer:
1. I’m not sure if the question is to finish the sentence. But I will give you the answer to the question if thats what you are asking.
Explanation:
Proliferation is a physiological process of cell division that occurs in almost all tissues, resulting in an increase of the number of cells. Mitosis is the main way for eukaryotes to divide cells, such as multicellular organisms in a mitotic way to increase the number of somatic cells.
Assume that you are a genetic counselor and that a couple seeks genetic counseling from you. Both the man and the woman are phenotypically normal, but the woman is heterozygous for a pericentric inversion on chromosome 8. The man is karyotypically normal. What is the probability that this couple will produce a child with a genetic syndrome as the result of crossing over within the pericentric inversion
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Answer:
50%
Explanation:
An inversion is a genetic phenomenon that occurs when a chromosome breaks into two genomic sites, thereby the resulting DNA fragment is reversed and subsequently inserted into the same chromosome location. A pericentric inversion occurs when the chromosome breaks are located on opposite arms or sides of the chromosomal centromere. Moreover, crossing over (or recombination) is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids during gamete production. An inversion carrier, as in this case the woman who is heterozygous for a pericentric inversion, can produce four types of gametes. If there is no crossing over, half the chromatids will produce normal gametes (without the recombination event) and half the chromatids will produce balanced gametes that will transmit the pericentric inverted chromosome. On the other hand, if there is crossing over, half the chromatids will have one duplication on the first chromosome arm together with a deletion on the second chromosome arm, and the remaining half of the chromatids will have an inverse arrangement.
Is Photosynthesis is one of the functions of DNA?
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HELPPPP I NEED THE ANSWER ASP ITS WORTH 70% OF MY GRADE
What would happen if bacteria and viruses organism were moved to the each others ecosystems?
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Answer: The cycling of nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur is completed by their ceaseless labor. ... Decomposition is the breakdown of these organisms, and the release of nutrients back into the environment, and is one of the most important roles of the bacteria.
Explanation:
During ______, the gravitational forces of the sun and moon pull on the Earth from the same direction, or opposite dire
Answers
Answer:
Spring Tides.
Explanation:
Tides can be defined as the rise and fall of water level in water bodies such as lakes and oceans due to the gravitational force of attraction exerted by the moon on earth. The side closest to the moon creates a bulge of water known as high tide. Low tides are generally experienced when a sea level is not within the bulge.
Generally, the gravitational pull of the Moon cause visible changes on planet Earth's surface.
This ultimately implies that, the pull of the Moon's gravity causes high and low tides on planet Earth's surface.
The various types of ocean tides based on the position of the Earth, Moon and the Sun are;
I. Neap tides.
II. Spring tides.
III. Low tide.
IV. High tide.
V. Brown tide.
VI. Rip tide.
VII. Red tide.
Correctly label the muscles of the thoracic cavity and the abdomen. Posterior wall ot rectus sheath External abdominal oblique Transverse abdominal (cut) External intercostals Internal intercostals Serratus anterior Rectus sheath Pectoralis minor Internal abdominal oblique Internal abdominal oblique
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The muscles of the thoracic cavity and abdomen can be labeled as follows: Posterior wall of rectus sheath, External abdominal oblique, Transverse abdominal (cut), External intercostals, Internal intercostals, Serratus anterior, Rectus sheath, Pectoralis minor, and Internal abdominal oblique.
Posterior wall of rectus sheath: This muscle lies behind the rectus abdominis muscle and helps to support and protect the abdominal contents.
External abdominal oblique: This muscle is located on the sides and front of the abdomen. It aids in flexion and rotation of the trunk, as well as compressing the abdominal organs.
Transverse abdominal (cut): The transverse abdominal muscle is a deep muscle of the abdomen. It assists in compressing the abdominal contents and stabilizing the trunk.
External intercostals: These muscles are located between the ribs and assist in the expansion of the ribcage during inhalation.
Internal intercostals: These muscles are also located between the ribs but run in the opposite direction to the external intercostals. They aid in forced exhalation by pulling the ribs downward.
Serratus anterior: This muscle is situated on the lateral surface of the thorax and helps to protract and stabilize the scapula.
Rectus sheath: The rectus sheath is a fibrous sheath that encloses the rectus abdominis muscle.
Pectoralis minor: This muscle is located in the upper chest region and helps to stabilize the scapula.
Internal abdominal oblique: The internal abdominal oblique muscle is located beneath the external abdominal oblique. It contributes to trunk flexion, rotation, and compression of the abdominal organs.
These muscles play important roles in supporting and stabilizing the thoracic cavity and abdomen, as well as in various movements and functions related to respiration, posture, and abdominal organ protection.
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what is the current explanation for the benefit of complete metamorphosis in insects? view available hint(s)for part a what is the current explanation for the benefit of complete metamorphosis in insects? larvae are more mobile than adult forms. larvae are specialized for reproduction. there is a functional specialization that separates larvae and adults. adult forms are specialized for feeding.
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The current explanation for the benefit of complete metamorphosis in insects is that there is a functional specialization that separates larvae and adults.
Metamorphosis is a biological process that changes an animal's body shape and structure. It usually refers to a complete change in an organism's physical form or appearance. The word "metamorphosis" comes from Greek and means "change of form."
The current explanation for the benefit of complete metamorphosis in insects is that there is a functional specialization that separates larvae and adults. Insect larvae and adults have different requirements for nutrition and habitats because of this functional specialization.
The larvae are specialized for mobility and the ability to escape predators, while the adult forms are specialized for feeding and reproducing. Complete metamorphosis is more advantageous than incomplete metamorphosis because it enables insects to colonize new environments with a greater degree of flexibility.
The development of larvae allows for specialized feeding, which in turn allows adults to specialize in other areas of insect life, such as reproduction or feeding. Complete metamorphosis is considered to be a key factor in the evolutionary success of insects. It allows insects to exploit a wider range of habitats, enabling them to survive and reproduce in new and challenging environments.
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During translation, what is the correct order of events that occur as an amino acid is added to a growing polypeptide chain?
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Amino acids are added one by one to the first amino acid. The polypeptide leaves the tRNA in the P site & attaches to the amino acid on the tRNA in the A site. The ribosome creates a new peptide bond, thus the chain has one more amino acid.
What is translation?
The process by which information contained in messenger RNA (mRNA) guides the addition of amino acids during protein synthesis is known as translation in the context of genomics. The process of translating mRNA into the chain of amino acids that makes up the produced protein occurs on ribosomes in the cytoplasm of the cell.
tRNAs bring their amino acids to the mRNA in a specific order. This order is determined by the attraction between a codon, a sequence of three nucleotides on the mRNA, and a complementary nucleotide triplet on the tRNA, called an anticodon. This anticodon also specifies the particular amino acid that the tRNA carries.
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please help! ASAP giving 20 points!
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why are viruses not regarded as true living cells?
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Explanation:
Most biologists say no. Viruses are not made out of cells, they can't keep themselves in a stable state, they don't grow, and they can't make their own energy. Even though they definitely replicate and adapt to their environment, viruses are more like androids than real living organisms.
Viruses are not comprised of cells, they cannot maintain a stable internal environment, they cannot reproduce, and they cannot produce their own energy.
What is environment?Environment is defined as a compilation of all the factors living and nonliving and the outcomes they have on human life. Due to their ties to the forest, its plants, wildlife, water, and air. The air is filtered and hazardous gases are absorbed by the forest and trees. Plants filter water, lessen the likelihood of flooding, preserve the natural equilibrium, and do many other things.
Viruses are more like robots than actual living things, even though they do replicate and adapt to their surroundings. The viruses are thought to be dead in their natural habitat since they lack any cell-like properties. However, inside the host cell, the viruses employ the host's technological infrastructure to carry out all necessary tasks including reproduction.
Thus, viruses are not comprised of cells, they cannot maintain a stable internal environment, they cannot reproduce, and they cannot produce their own energy.
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all of the following mechanisms are used to regulate protein production except group of answer choices dna replication. splicing the breakdown of mrna. protein activation.
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All of the given mechanisms, including DNA replication, splicing, and protein activation, are involved in regulating protein production except for the breakdown of mRNA.
Protein production is a highly regulated process involving multiple mechanisms. DNA replication is not directly involved in regulating protein production but is responsible for the replication and transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. It is not directly related to the regulation of protein synthesis.
On the other hand, splicing plays a crucial role in gene expression regulation. It is the process by which introns (non-coding regions) are removed from pre-mRNA molecules, and exons (coding regions) are joined together to form mature mRNA. This splicing process influences the types and amounts of proteins produced by alternative splicing and regulation of gene expression.
Protein activation refers to the post-translational modifications that occur after protein synthesis to activate or deactivate proteins. These modifications include phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, and others, which can alter the protein's structure and function.
The breakdown of mRNA, also known as mRNA degradation, is involved in the regulation of protein production. It is a process by which mRNA molecules are degraded and removed from the cell, controlling the abundance and availability of mRNA for translation into proteins.
In summary, all the given mechanisms, except the breakdown of mRNA, are involved in regulating protein production. DNA replication is not directly involved in protein regulation, while splicing and protein activation play crucial roles, and mRNA degradation influences the availability of mRNA for protein synthesis.
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The genetic basis for aggression states that ______ are important in understanding the biological basis of aggression. genes.
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The genetic basis for aggression states that genes are important in understanding the biological basis of aggression.
The genetic basis for aggression refers to the idea that certain genes may contribute to the development of aggressive behavior in individuals. While environmental and social factors may also play a role, studies have shown that genetics can have a significant influence on an individual's propensity towards aggression. Understanding the specific genes involved in aggression may provide insight into potential treatments or interventions for individuals who struggle with aggressive behavior.
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19. the binding energy per nucleon of a nucleus is 3 mev. what is the minimum energy needed to completely separate the nucleons of ?
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The minimum energy needed to completely separate the nucleons of the nucleus is known as the binding energy of the nucleus.
The energy needed to completely disassemble a nucleus into its component protons and neutrons is known as the binding energy of a nucleus.
Given that each nucleon in a nucleus has a binding energy of 3 MeV, the total binding energy of the nucleus would be equal to three times the number of nucleons.
This indicates that the total binding energy of the nucleus is equal to the minimal energy needed to entirely separate the nucleons of the nucleus.
The energy required to separate the nucleons of the nucleus must be at least 3 MeV per nucleon, which is the same as the nucleus's binding energy.
Complete Question:
The binding energy per nucleon of a nucleus is 3 MeV. What is the minimum energy needed to completely separate the nucleons of the nucleus?
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In what ways do scientists measure biodiversity? Choose all correct answers
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Consider this plant cell.
The organelles in a plant cell are labeled. Part E is a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm.
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water is essential for life and is important for plant growth and function. which property of water is most responsible for its ability to move from the root of a plant to the stem? Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
Cohesion means that water molecules are attracted to each
other and attracted to other substances, such as the walls of the xylem of plants. The water molecules behave this
way because they are polar.
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Water shows cohesive behavior, which enables it to travel from the roots to the leaves of plants. Therefore, C is the appropriate response to this question.
With the aid of vascular tissue known as the xylem, water from the roots of plants is transported to the leaves, stem, and other parts of the plant body. These kinds of water and moisture are absorbed by the roots from the soil.
Prior to that, it's crucial to understand the mechanism and what aspect of water causes this to happen. This is unquestionably how water behaves cohesively. Due to this characteristic, water adheres to the surface of any object and has a tendency to move in a predictable manner.
The following are some of the characteristics of water molecules:-
Its nature is polar.It is an all-purpose solvent.Both its high vaporization temperature and high specific heat are high.It possesses cohesion and adhesion characteristics.Compared to its liquid phase, its solid phase is less thick.Learn more about " Properties of water " to visit here;
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Why do you think that dilating blood vessels will decrease temperature of the blood as well as decrease blood pressure?
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If the rate at which blood is pumped is constant (whether blood vessels are constricted or dilated), then blood pressure decreases when blood vessels are dilated because blood pumped at constant speed has more space to pass resulting in decreased blood pressure.
n burkitt lymphoma, there is usually a translocation that moves the myc oncogene to a location in the genome. which of these best explains why this event could lead to cancer? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices the myc gene is expressed at higher than normal levels in its chromatin location. a fusion gene is formed involving myc, which leads to constitutive gene expression. a tumor-suppressor gene has been inactivated by the translocation. this translocation leads to elevated expression of the p53 gene.
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The best explanation for how the translocation of the myc oncogene in Burkitt lymphoma can lead to cancer is the formation of a fusion gene involving myc, which results in constitutive gene expression.
This means that the myc gene is always "turned on", causing cells to grow and divide uncontrollably, leading to the development of tumors. Additionally, the translocation may result in the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes, which are responsible for preventing uncontrolled cell growth. The elevated expression of the p53 gene is not likely to be the cause of cancer in Burkitt lymphoma, as p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a critical role in preventing cancer. Therefore, the translocation of the myc oncogene is a key event in the development of Burkitt lymphoma.
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Use your knowledge of science to answer the questionSelect the three correct answers
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They give us the following statements
A) Glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water.
This statement would be correct if we are talking about cell respiration because glucose and oxygen produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy in that reaction.
B) Energy is stored in the bonds of ATP.
Why is it beneficial to learn and understand the introduction and basics of biology ?
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As a field of science, biology helps us understand the living world and the ways its many species (including humans) function, evolve, and interact. Advances in medicine, agriculture, biotechnology, and many other areas of biology have brought improvements in the quality of life.
Which organism is the most closely related to humans? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
Chimpanzee
Explanation:
It is the closest to humans
The Endosymbiotic Theory states the mitochondria and the chloroplasts were once free-living prokaryotic cells. Considering the size of each, why does this make sense?
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Answer: The endosymbiotic theory describes how a large host cell and ingested bacteria could easily become dependent on one another for survival, resulting in a permanent relationship. Over millions of years of evolution, mitochondria and chloroplasts have become more specialized and today they cannot live outside the cell. It's Just a Theory
Explanation:
i hope this answer your question
Match each vein with the correct label. (neck)
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Answer:
1. External Jugular
2. Internal Jugular
3. Vertebral
4. Brachiocephalic
Explanation: is correct
Please Answer These Math Questions LOT OF QUESTIONS LOTS OF POINTS (Questions in picture)
Answers
Answer:
this is not science questions it is of maths
Answer:
j
Explanation:
The Root (2002) Ecological Framework for Understanding Multiracial Identity Development includes_________.
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The Root (2002) Ecological Framework for Understanding Multiracial Identity Development includes five main ecological layers.
These layers of the framework represent the range of experiences that influence the development of an individual’s multiracial identity.
The five layers include:
MicrosystemMesosystemExosystemMacrosystemChronosystemLet us now briefly discuss each of the above-mentioned layers.
1. Microsystem: This layer includes people who are most directly involved with the individual, including family, peers, and other significant individuals.
2. Mesosystem: This layer involves the interrelationships among the different microsystem settings, including home, school, and the neighborhood.
3. Exosystem: This layer involves social structures and community systems that are not directly part of the individual’s life but still influence their experiences.
4. Macrosystem: This layer involves cultural and societal attitudes toward race and racial identity.
5. Chronosystem: This layer involves the impact of historical events on the individual’s multiracial identity development, including changes in laws and social norms.
Thus, Root's (2002) Ecological Framework includes five main ecological layers.
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Does fitness (as used in biology) and survival have the same meaning? Why or why not?
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Answer:
no
Explanation:
Because fitness means your health and survival means when you escape from danger