We can detect communities in networks using the Girvan-Newman approach based on edge- betweenness. [MMDS] Exercises 10.2.1-3 The figure below shows an example of a network D 1 2.1 Use the Girvan-Newman approach to find the number of shortest paths from node A that pass through each of the edges. Show your derivation to receive maximum credit. 2.2 Use the Girvan-Newman approach to find the number of shortest paths from node B that pass through each of the edges. Show your derivation to receive maximum 2.3 Using symmetry, get the betweenness for all the other edges. Show your derivation 2-4 Determine reasonable candidates for the communities by removing all edges with a credit. to receive maximum credit. betweenness score above some threshold.
Answers
Using the Girvan-Newman approach, we can detect communities in network D by calculating the edge-betweenness based on the number of shortest paths passing through each edge.
To find the number of shortest paths from node A that pass through each edge, first identify all shortest paths from node A to other nodes in the network. Then, count the number of these paths that pass through each edge. Derivation of this information is specific to the network structure, and the exact values will depend on the given network D. Similarly, to find the number of shortest paths from node B that pass through each edge, identify all shortest paths from node B to other nodes and count the paths passing through each edge. Using symmetry, we can deduce the betweenness for all other edges in the network. To determine reasonable candidates for the communities, remove all edges with a betweenness score above a chosen threshold.
The specific threshold and resulting communities will depend on the network D structure and betweenness values calculated in the previous steps.
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Related Questions
a variable that has ____ scope can be used only within the statement block in which it is declared
Answers
A variable that has block scope can be used only within the statement block in which it is declared.
In programming languages, scope refers to the visibility and accessibility of variables in different parts of the code. Block scope, also known as local scope, is a type of scope that is limited to a specific block of code, typically defined by a pair of curly braces ({ }). Variables declared within this block are only accessible within that block and its nested blocks.
When a variable is declared with block scope, it means that it can only be used within the specific block of code where it is defined. Once the program execution exits that block, the variable is no longer accessible or valid. This ensures that the variable's value and memory space are only reserved for the duration of that specific block, preventing conflicts or unintended access from other parts of the program.
Block scope is commonly used in programming constructs such as if statements, loops, and functions. It allows for the encapsulation of variables within specific code blocks, promoting code organization, and reducing the chances of naming collisions or unintended modifications. By limiting the scope of variables to the relevant blocks, it helps improve code clarity, maintainability, and reduces potential bugs or unintended side effects.
In summary, a variable with block scope is only visible and usable within the specific block of code in which it is declared, providing localized and controlled access to variables in a program.
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what is a hexadeciaml
Answers
Answer:
I think it's relating to or using a system of numerical notation that has 16 rather than 10 as it's base
Answer:
Hexadecimal is the name of the numbering system that is base 16.
What is the main device used on fourth generation computer
Answers
Answer: Microprocessors were used to create the fourth generation of computers. In 1971, Intel built the first microprocessor, the 4004 chip.
Explanation: The microprocessor is a silicon chip with millions of transistors built using LSI and VLSI technologies.
hope this helps best of luck mate! :)
Can I use a charger that has 65w on my dell inspiron 15 5570 that normally takes 45w? The input of my laptop is 19.5V---3.31A/3.34A, and the output of the charger is 19.5v----3.34A. Write the answer in 3-5 sentences. (5 points)
Answers
Answer:
Yes, as the values are very similar and will generally be fine.
Explanation:
In general, it is safe to use a charger with a higher wattage than the one specified for your laptop as long as the voltage and amperage ratings match or are very close. In this case, since the input of the Dell Inspiron 15 5570 is 19.5V with an amperage rating of 3.31A/3.34A, and the charger you are considering has an output of 19.5V with an amperage rating of 3.34A, these values are very close and it should be safe to use the higher-wattage charger. However, using a charger with a much higher wattage than the one specified for your laptop, or one with significantly different voltage or amperage ratings, could potentially damage your laptop or cause a safety hazard.
let's say you are given a dataset having binary target values representing cancer diagnosis of patients and their features. the target contains the probability of patients having cancer or not and it ranges between 0 to 1. what would be the range of output if we apply the logit function to this target column?
Answers
If we apply the logit function to a target column that has binary target values representing cancer diagnosis of patients and their features, and the target contains the probability of patients having cancer or not, and it ranges between 0 to 1, the range of output would be -∞ to +∞.
The logit function, also known as the logistic function, is a function that maps any input value to a value between 0 and 1. It is used in machine learning for logistic regression to model a binary classification problem. The formula for the logit function is:
=$$\text{logit}(p)
= \log \frac{p}{1-p}$$
where p is the probability of the target variable being in the positive class. In this case, the target variable ranges from 0 to 1, so we can substitute p in the formula with the target variable. Therefore, the formula becomes:
=$$\text{logit}(y)
= \log \frac{y}{1-y}$$
where y is the target variable. The output of the logit function can be any real number from negative infinity to positive infinity.
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What is it called when a programmer includes A step in algorithm that lets the computer decide which group of steps to perform
Answers
When a programmer includes a step in an algorithm that lets the computer decide which group of steps to perform based on certain conditions or criteria, it is called "conditional branching" or simply "branching".
Conditional branching allows the program to make decisions at runtime based on the values of variables or the outcome of previous operations. This is often accomplished using conditional statements such as "if-else" or "switch-case" statements, which allow the program to choose which group of statements to execute based on the results of a logical comparison. Conditional branching is a fundamental concept in programming, as it enables the creation of more complex and sophisticated programs that can adapt to different inputs or conditions. It is used in a wide range of applications, from simple scripts to complex software systems, and is essential for implementing features such as user interfaces, decision-making logic, and error handling.
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vious
16
Pretest: Successful an
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
recovery services.
Toject
involve a third-party service provider that provides
involve the immediate delivery of ready-to-ship systems to a company in cases of disaster.
is the most expensive disaster recovery plan, whereas
results in the longest system downtime.
Answers
An organization's comprehensive disaster recovery (DR) strategy outlines in great detail how to deal with unanticipated events including natural disasters, power outages, cyberattacks, and other disruptive occurrences.
Thus, In order for an organization to continue operating or swiftly resume critical functions, the plan includes tactics to reduce the effects of a disaster.
Disruptions can result in lost sales, harm to a company's reputation, and disgruntled clients; the longer it takes to recover, the more detrimental the effect on the company's bottom line.
Therefore, regardless of the cause of the disruption, a strong disaster recovery strategy should enable quick recovery.
Thus, An organization's comprehensive disaster recovery (DR) strategy outlines in great detail how to deal with unanticipated events including natural disasters, power outages, cyberattacks, and other disruptive occurrences.
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Mr. Washington is digitizing old family photos. A 4"x6" photo is digitized using 10,000 pixels. An 11"x7" photo is digitized using 30,000 pixels. Which image will have the better resolution?
Answers
The image that will have the better resolution is a digital image that is known to be about the 11"x7" photo.
What is digital image?The term digital image is known to be one that pertains to graphics computing.
This is said to be an image that can be saved in binary form and shared into a matrix of pixels. And it is said that all of the pixel is made up of a digital value of one or a lot of bits.
Therefore, The image that will have the better resolution is a digital image that is known to be about the 11"x7" photo.
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the chief information officer (cio) is negotiating lease prices with several telecommunications providers. she wants a service that offers circuits that will link to various physical buildings and branches, including a connection to the physical demarcation point. for what network infrastructure will this service be used?
Answers
A number of telecom companies, the chief information officer (CIO) is negotiating leasing rates. Several computers are linked via a hub in a local area network (LAN).
What is domain?
Switches, one of the network's traffic controllers, typically operate at Layer. By utilising packet switching, they enable the connection of several devices within a LAN while reducing the collision domain. To allow private network addresses to be converted to a random external port and public IP address, both network address translation (NAT) and port address translation (PAT) must be enabled. A demilitarised zone (DMZ) is a physical or logical subnet in computer networks that divides a local area network (LAN) from other untrusted networks, typically the public internet.
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A resistor with a large physical size (I.e.,large dimensions ) gender has
Answers
In comparison to a resistor with a smaller physical size, a resistor with a larger physical size typically has a lower resistance value. This is thus because a resistor's resistance is directly inversely correlated with its cross-sectional area and directly correlated with its length.
what do you mean by resistor?A piece of electronics that opposes the flow of current in a circuit. Carbon in the form of chunks, thin films, or other resistant materials is frequently used to create resistors. Wires looped around a cylinder can also be used to create them. In order to block undesirable electrical signals, resistors are used in electrical equipment like computers and cell phones. Contrary to popular belief, resistors are extremely necessary to the proper operation of electronics even though they consume energy.
How do computer resistors work?A resistor is an electrical component with two terminals that generates electrical resistance in circuits. Resistors have a variety of roles in electronic circuits, including limiting current flow, controlling signal levels, dividing voltages, biasing active components, and terminating transmission lines.
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Computer Vision and Industrial Robots
Consider an industrial robot performing several tasks in an assembly line. Such machines perform a single task with great speed and efficiency. Conduct research on the Internet and list what you feel would be its main components if computer vision was implemented. Ask yourself what are the advantages of adding a computer vision system to this robot. Which robot do you expect better performance from, a robot with computer vision or robot without computer vision.
Answers
Answer:
View Computer Vision Unit Activity.docx from COMPUTER SCIENCE 101 at Edoptions High School. Consider an industrial robot performing several tasks in an assembly line.Machine Vision in industrial applications. Robots working in industrial applications need visual feedback. This is used to navigate, identify parts, collaborate with humans and fuse visua
Explanation:
Many industries are feeling the effects of skilled labor shortages. At the same time, companies are reluctant to invest heavily in training and developing unskilled employees, for fear of losing them afterward through defection to competitors. With no end in sight to the workforce shortfall, the appeal of robots as an efficient supplement, and even replacement, for human labor is continuing to grow.
The cost of robotics is generally falling, and alternative business models like robotics-as-a-service (RaaS) make industrial robots accessible even to companies that don’t have substantial capital budgets to exploit. The affordability of the units themselves, along with the fact that programming is becoming more straightforward and hence less costly, is also boosting the appeal of industrial robotics adoption.
Answer:if u still need help i can help you
Explanation:
Sally is an online retailer who engages in third-party network transactions via nettrans, inc. payment company to facilitate financial transactions in the sale of her products. for 2022, what is the minimum aggregate sales and number of sales per year required to trigger a 1099-k by nettrans, inc. payment company?
Answers
Answer:
Under the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) rules, a payment settlement entity (such as Nettrans, Inc.) is required to file a Form 1099-K with the IRS and furnish a copy to the relevant payee if it processes more than 200 transactions with a payee and the payee receives gross payments of more than $20,000 in a calendar year. This means that if Sally receives more than $20,000 in gross payments through Nettrans, Inc. in a calendar year, and Nettrans, Inc. processes more than 200 transactions with Sally in that year, Nettrans, Inc. will be required to file a Form 1099-K with the IRS and furnish a copy to Sally.
It's important to note that this requirement applies to the gross payments Sally receives, not the net amount she receives after deducting any fees or other expenses. Additionally, it's worth noting that this requirement applies to all payees who receive gross payments through Nettrans, Inc., not just online retailers like Sally.
If Sally has any questions about the Form 1099-K or her tax obligations, she should consult with a tax professional or refer to IRS guidance.
Explanation:
Sally should speak with a tax expert or review the IRS guidelines if she has any concerns regarding the Form 1099-K or her tax responsibilities.
What is third-party network transaction?Any transaction that is resolved through a third-party payment network is referred to as a third-party network transaction, but only if the aggregate value of all such transactions surpasses minimal reporting limits.
According to Internal Revenue Service regulations, if a payment settlement organization performs more than 200 transactions with a payee and the payee gets gross payments of more than $20,000 in a calendar year.
It must file Form 1099-K with the IRS and provide a copy to the relevant payee. This implies that Nettrans, Inc. will be required to file a Form 1099-K with the IRS and provide a copy to Sally.
If Sally gets more than $20,000 in gross payments through Nettrans, Inc. in a calendar year and Nettrans, Inc. performs more than 200 transactions with Sally in that year.
Thus, this can be the solution for Sally for the given scenario.
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Adjust the code you wrote for the last problem to allow for sponsored Olympic events. Add an amount of prize money for Olympians who won an event as a sponsored athlete.
The
Get_Winnings(m, s)
function should take two parameters — a string for the number of gold medals and an integer for the sponsored dollar amount. It will return either an integer for the money won or a string Invalid, if the amount is invalid. Olympians can win more than one medal per day.
Here's my answer for question 1 please adjust it thanks!
def Get_Winnings(m):
if m == "1": return 75000
elif m == "2":
return 150000
elif m == "3":
return 225000
elif m == "4":
return 300000
elif m == "5":
return 375000
else:
return "Invalid"
MAIN
medals = input("Enter Gold Medals Won: ")
num = Get_Winnings(medals)
print("Your prize money is: " + str(num))
Answers
Answer:def Get_Winnings(m):
if m == "1": return 75000
elif m == "2":
return 150000
elif m == "3":
return 225000
elif m == "4":
return 300000
elif m == "5":
return 375000
else:
return "Invalid"
MAIN
medals = input("Enter Gold Medals Won: ")
num = Get_Winnings(medals)
print("Your prize money is: " + str(num))
exp: looking through this this anwser seemes without flaws and i dont follow
if you can provide what you are not understanding ican an help
When students have computer trouble they usually are expected to
make any simple fixes on their own.
solve complex issues by themselves.
drop their school work until it is resolved.
pay a technician a high fee to fix the issue.
Answers
Answer: A) Make any simple fixes on their own.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
JAVA Write code that asks for a positive integer n, then prints 3 random integers from 2 to n+2 inclusive using Math. Random().
Note #1: In the starter code for this exercise the line "import testing. Math;" appears. You should not remove this line from your code as it is required to correctly grade your code. Also make sure that your code outputs exactly 3 numbers (be particularly careful there aren't any extra numbers in your prompt for user input).
Note #2: Make sure your minimum output is 2 or more and make sure your maximum output is only up to n + 2 (so if user inputs 5, the maximum output should only be 7). Hint: Knowing your PEMDAS will help a lot.
Sample Run: Enter a positive integer: 6 7 2 5
Answers
The program for the positive integer is illustrated thus:
/*Importing Necessary Classes*/
import java.util.*;
/*Note : Comment This Line Of Code If you Want to Run the Code in your IDE*/
import testing.Math;/*Note : Comment This Line Of Code If you Want to Run the Code in your IDE*/
/*Note : Comment This Line Of Code If you Want to Run the Code in your IDE*/
/*Declaring A Public Class*/
public class Main{
/*Declaring Main Method Execution Starts From Here*/
public static void main(String[] args){
/*Declaring a startFrom int Variable to Store the starting value*/
int startFrom = 2;
/*Declaring a endAt int Variable to Store the End Value value*/
int endAt;
How to illustrate the program?We first import the necessary classes that will be utilized by the program.
We must now declare the Main class as a public class. Execution begins after declaring a Main Method inside the Public Main Class.
Next, declare an int variable called startFrom to store the starting value.
Next, create an int variable named endAt to store the end value. Next, declare an int variable named randomNumber to hold the random value. Here, creating a Scanner Class object to receive input from the user
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Security breaches are easier to address with which payment form?
Answers
Answer:
Cause #1: Old, Unpatched Security Vulnerabilities. ...
Cause #2: Human Error. ...
Cause #3: Malware. ...
Cause #4: Insider Misuse. ...
Cause #5: Physical Theft of a Data-Carrying Device
Explanation:
Answer:
i think the second one
Explanation:
Thinking about the operations needed in these games, which game is likely to be one of the oldest games in the world?
tag
dice throwing
jump-rope
tic-tac-toe
Answers
Answer:
Most likely tag because it doesn't require anything except legs and running had been around since like forever
Explanation:
How many units are considered a full time student at a community college in California?
Answers
Answer:
12
Explanation:
According to Saddleback college located in California;
12 units are considered full-time student status.
You may take as little as 0.5 units or as many as 19.0 units during a single semester. To take more than 19 units you are required to obtain special permission from the Counseling Department.
python is a machine-independent programming language. group of answer choices true false
Answers
True. The given statement, Python is a machine-independent programming language.
What is Python? Python is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language. Python’s design philosophy emphasizes code readability and brevity, and its syntax allows programmers to convey concepts in fewer lines of code than might be possible in languages such as C++ or Java.What is meant by machine independence?
Machine independence is defined as the ability of a software program to work on different types of computers without any modifications. It is essential for any programming language to be machine independent so that it can be utilized on various platforms and architectures without difficulty.Therefore, Python is machine-independent.
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In Java:
Assume the availability of an existing class, ICalculator, that models an integer arithmetic calculator and contains:
a private instance variable currentValue that stores the current int value of the calculator
a getter method for the above instance variable
methods add, sub, mul, and div
Each method in ICalculator receives an int argument and applies its operation to currentValueand returns the new value of currentValue. So, if currentValue has the value 8 and sub(6) is invoked then currentValue ends up with the value 2, and 2 is returned.
Write a public subclass, ICalculator1, based on ICalculator. The class ICalculator1 has one additional method, sign, that receives no arguments, and doesn't modify currentValue. Instead, it simply returns 1, 0 or -1 depending on whether currentValue is positive, zero, or negative respectively.
Answers
Answer:
A subclass?
Explanation:
A public subclass for ICalculator1 has one additional method, sign, that receives no arguments, and doesn't modify current Value. Instead, it simply returns 1, 0 or -1 depending on whether current Value is positive, zero, or negative respectively.
What is public subclass?A member's access is declared to be public with the Java keyword public. All other classes can see members of the public class. This implies that a public field or method can be accessed by any other class. In addition, public fields can be changed by other public subclass or classes unless they are marked as final.
Further a subclass is defined as a class that is descended from another class (also a derived class, extended class, or child class). A superclass is the class from which a subclass is descended (also a base class or a parent class).
A public subclass for ICalculator1 has one additional method, sign, that receives no arguments, and doesn't modify current Value:
In Java,
public class ICalculator1 extends ICalculator {
public int sign() {
if (getCurrentValue() > 0)
return 1;
else if (getCurrentValue() == 0)
return 0;
else
return -1;
}
}
Therefore the availability of an existing class, I-Calculator, that models an integer arithmetic calculator, above public subclass has been made.
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if the bookstore sold 8 books for $66 at that rate how much was one book
Answers
$8.25
Explanation:
To find the amount of money one book costs, we have to divide 66 by 8.
66÷8= 8.25
1 book costs $8.25
Answer:
8.25$ per book
Explanation:
So, $66 for 8 books and we can get the rate by dividing 66/8 which gives us 8.25$
A foreign exchange student from Italy is giving a presentation on Italian cuisine to an audience of professional cooks. What is the best presentation style for this purpose?
an informal one, without the use of visual aids
a formal one, with the use of visual aids
an informal one, with the use of visual aids
a formal one, without the use of visual aids
Answers
Answer:
The answer is B! "a formal one, with the use of visual aids"
Explanation:
I took the assignment and got it correct!
Can I have Brainliest please?
The best presentation style for this purpose is a formal one, with the use of visual aids.
What are visual aids?Visual aids are known to be any things that a person can use and one which people can look at, e.g. film, graph, etc., that can help people to understand or remember the information that you are showing.
Note that the best presentation style for this purpose is a formal one, with the use of visual aids because it is a formal event and the use of visual aids will help them to remember the information passed.
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difference between if then and if then else statement
Answers
Answer:
if..then statement is used to make a decision when there is only two options.
&
you have to write a program that have to choose from three options then we use if..then..else statement.
I HOPE THIS WILL HELP YOU IF NOT THEN SORRYHAVE A GREAT DAY :)
Assignment 4: Evens and Odds
How do I fix this?
Answers
There's definitely something wrong with your for loop. Try this:
for x in range(n):
You might want to check if all your print statements are correct. You might be missing just a period and it will be counted wrong.
EDI, ________, smart cards, and digital certificates are designed to support safe and secure online transactions.
Answers
Electronic data interchange (EDI), e-cash, smart cards, and digital certificates are all designed and developed to protect and support safe and secure transactions over the Internet (web).
In Business management, e-commerce can be defined as a business model which involves the buying and selling of goods (products) over the Internet (web), as well as the use of an online medium for payment.
Generally, it is necessary that adequate measures are put in place to protect and support safe and secure transactions over the Internet (web), so as to prevent the unauthorized use of a customer's confidential information such as password.
In Cybersecurity, some of the frameworks and technologies designed to provide safe and secure transactions over the Internet (web) include:
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What is the keyboard shortcut for the Undo command?
Choose the answer.
CTRL+X
CTRL+Z
CTRL+U
CTRL+V
Answers
Answer:
CTRL+Z is Undo
Explanation:
CTRL+X: Cut
CTRL+Z: Undo
CTRL+U: Underline
CTRL+V: Paste
which of the following statements about exception handling is correct? group of answer choices statements that may cause an exception should be placed within a catch block. the main method of a java program will handle any error encountered in the program. statements that may cause an exception should be placed within a throws block. statements that may cause an exception should be placed within a try block.
Answers
The correct statement about exception handling is "Statements that may cause an exception should be placed within a try block."
In Java, exception handling is a mechanism used to handle runtime errors and unexpected conditions that may occur during program execution. When an exception occurs, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) creates an exception object and throws it to the method that called the offending method. The program then attempts to find a suitable exception handler to catch the exception and handle it appropriately.
The try-catch block is the fundamental structure used in Java for exception handling. Statements that may cause an exception are placed within a try block. If an exception occurs within the try block, it is caught by a matching catch block, which contains code to handle the exception. Multiple catch blocks can be used to handle different types of exceptions that may be thrown within the try block.
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State one criteria that makes a piece of malware a virus.
Answers
Answer: Self replication
Explanation: Malware is a catch-all term for any type of malicious software, regardless of how it works, its intent, or how it's distributed. A virus is a specific type of malware that self-replicates by inserting its code into other programs.
"Natural light" in any photographic image comes from __________ .
a. the Sun and several other different types of gases
b. none of the above
c. the Sun
d. natural gases put into electrified bulbs
Answers
I'm positive the answer is c the sun
Adding pictures to a word 2019 document will affect the
text positioning
text style
text color
text size