What does conservative and non-conservative design
mean and what is their difference in mechanical engineering?

Answer:

The answer is "\(-121\ \frac{KJ}{Kg}\)".

Explanation:

Please find the correct question in the attachment file.

using formula:

\(\to W=-P_1V_1+P_2V_2 \\\\When \\\\\to W= \frac{P_1V_1-P_2V_2}{n-1}\ \ or \ \ \frac{RT_1 -RT_2}{n-1}\\\\\)

\(W =\frac{R(T_1 -T_2)}{n-1}\\\\\)

    \(=\frac{0.287(25 -237)}{1.5-1}\\\\=\frac{0.287(-212)}{0.5}\\\\=\frac{-60.844}{0.5}\\\\=-121.688 \frac{KJ}{Kg}\\\\=-121 \frac{KJ}{Kg}\\\\\)

Answer:

Explanation:

Tech Social Media giant FB is one of those companies. Not long ago the ceo was brought to court to accusations that his company was selling user data. Turns out this is true and they are selling their users private data to companies all over the word. Once the news turned to something else, people focused on something new but the company still continues to sell it's users data the same as before. This is completely unethical as the information belongs to the user and they are not getting anything while the corporation is profiting.

The reactions at supports A, B, and C can be determined by analyzing the equilibrium of forces and moments acting on the structure.

To determine the reactions at supports A, B, and C, we need to consider the equilibrium of forces and moments.

Let's assume the structure is a beam supported by three points: A, B, and C.

1. Support A: Since support A is a roller support, it can only exert a vertical reaction. The reaction at support A can be determined by summing up the vertical forces acting on the beam.

2. Support B: Support B is a fixed support, which means it can exert both vertical and horizontal reactions. The vertical reaction can be determined by summing up the vertical forces acting on the beam. The horizontal reaction can be determined by summing up the horizontal forces acting on the beam.

3. Support C: Support C is another roller support, similar to support A. Therefore, it can only exert a vertical reaction. The reaction at support C can be determined by summing up the vertical forces acting on the beam.

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The specific heat ratio, also known as the isentropic exponent or adiabatic index, is a parameter used to evaluate thermodynamic processes. For a cold air standard Otto cycle, the specific heat ratio can be calculated based on the given information.

First, we need to determine the specific heat ratio, γ, of the air. For air, γ is approximately 1.4.

The compression ratio, r, is given as 12. This means that the final volume (V2) is equal to the initial volume (V1) divided by 12.

Using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the initial volume:
V1 = (n * R * T1) / P1
where n is the number of moles, R is the specific gas constant, T1 is the initial temperature, and P1 is the initial pressure.

Let's assume the number of moles is constant, so n = 1. The specific gas constant for air, R, is approximately 287 J/(kg*K).

Substituting the given values:
V1 = (1 * 287 * 300) / 100 = 861 m^3/kg

Now, we can calculate the final volume:
V2 = V1 / r = 861 / 12 = 71.75 m^3/kg

Next, we can calculate the specific heat ratio during compression, γc, using the relation:
γc = (V2 / V1)^(γ - 1)
γc = (71.75 / 861)^(1.4 - 1) = 0.6206

Since the cold air standard Otto cycle involves two constant volume processes (isochoric), the specific heat ratio during expansion, γe, is equal to the specific heat ratio during compression.

Therefore, the specific heat ratio for the cold air standard Otto cycle is 0.6206.

In conclusion, for the given cold air standard Otto cycle with a compression ratio of 12, an initial pressure of 100 KPa, an initial temperature of 300 K, and a maximum temperature of 2600 K, the specific heat ratio is approximately 0.6206. This value is crucial for analyzing and understanding the thermodynamic behavior of the cycle, including the compression and expansion processes

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Answer:

Engine oil level.

Brake fluid.

Power steering fluid.

The given information in the question is as follows:

NA= 0.48k,

= 0.6k₂

= 1

Now, the formula for the minimum line width is given as follows:

Minimum line width = k₁λ/NA

where, k₁ = 0.6λ = wavelength

NA = numerical aperture

So, putting the given values in the above equation, we get:

Minimum line width

= (0.6 × λ)/0.48

= (5/4) × (k₁λ/NA)

= (5/4) × (0.6λ/0.48)

Minimum line width = 0.938 μm

Now, the formula for the depth of focus (DOF) is given as follows:

DOF = k₂λ/NA²

where, k₂ = 1λ = wavelength

NA = numerical aperture

So, putting the given values in the above equation, we get:

DOF = λ/NA²

DOF = λ/(0.48)²

DOF = 3.52 μm

Thus, the minimum line width is 0.938 μm and the depth of focus is 3.52 μm.

This wavelength is not suitable for current CMOS trends as the minimum line width required for current CMOS trends is much smaller than this value.

However, it is suitable for MEMS technology where the minimum feature size is generally larger than in CMOS technology.

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Answer:

import java.util.*;

public class Main {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       double milesPerGallon = 0;

       int totalMiles = 0;

       int totalGallons = 0;

       double totalMPG = 0;

       Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

       while(true){

           System.out.print("Enter the miles driven: ");

           int miles = input.nextInt();

           if(miles <= 0)

               break;

           else{

               System.out.print("Enter the gallons used: ");

               int gallons = input.nextInt();

               totalMiles += miles;

               totalGallons += gallons;

               milesPerGallon = (double) miles/gallons;

               totalMPG = (double) totalMiles / totalGallons;

               System.out.printf("Miles per gallon for this trip is: %.1f\n", milesPerGallon);

               System.out.printf("Total miles per gallon is: %.1f\n", totalMPG);

           }

       }

   }  

}

Explanation:

Initialize the variables

Create a while loop that iterates until the specified condition is met inside the loop

Inside the loop, ask the user to enter the miles. If the miles is less than or equal to 0, stop the loop. Otherwise, for each trip do the following: Ask the user to enter the gallons. Add the miles and gallons to totalMiles and totalGallons respectively. Calculate the milesPerGallon (divide miles by gallons). Calculate the totalMPG (divide totalMiles by totalGallons). Print the miles per gallon and total miles per gallon.

Sound cards have a audio interface to help analogy devices connect and communicate with the computer.

Analogy devices are figures of speech that compare two unrelated things in order to make a point. They are used to explain a concept or idea by using a comparison that is easier to understand. Analogy devices are used to help people better understand the concept being discussed and can be used in speeches, essays, literature, and other forms of communication. An example of an analogy device is the phrase “time is money” which compares two different objects in order to explain that time is valuable and should be used wisely. Analogy devices are helpful in making complex ideas easier to comprehend.

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The overall gain and noise figure of the system can be calculated by cascading the gains and noise figures of the individual components. The main answer is as follows:

The overall gain of the system is 95 dB and the overall noise figure is 30 dB.

To calculate the overall gain, we sum up the individual gains in dB:

Overall gain (G) = G1 + G2 + G3

             = 15 dB + 10 dB + 70 dB

             = 95 dB

To calculate the overall noise figure, we use the Friis formula, which takes into account the noise figure of each component:

1/NF_total = 1/NF1 + (G1-1)/NF2 + (G1-1)(G2-1)/NF3 + ...

Where NF_total is the overall noise figure in dB, NF1, NF2, NF3 are the noise figures of the individual components in dB, and G1, G2, G3 are the gains of the individual components.

Plugging in the values:

1/NF_total = 1/1.5 + (10-1)/10 + (10-1)(70-1)/20

          = 0.6667 + 0.9 + 32.7

          = 34.2667

NF_total = 1/0.0342667

        = 29.165 dB

Therefore, the overall noise figure of the system is approximately 30 dB.

In summary, the overall gain of the system is 95 dB and the overall noise figure is 30 dB. These values indicate the amplification and noise performance of the system, respectively.

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Explanation:

mass=19kg

density=800kg/m³

volume=?

as we know that

density=mass/volume

density×volume=mass

volume=mass/density

putting the values

volume=19kg/800kg/m³

so volume=0.02375≈0.02m³

Answer:

Prokaryotic cell

Explanation:

Answer:

57.14 N/mm2

Explanation:

Answer:

C. Heavy-gauge sheet metal.

Explanation:

Exhaust manifolds are typically made from cast iron, aluminum, or stainless steel, which are strong and durable materials that can withstand the high temperatures and pressures found in vehicle exhaust systems.

Heavy-gauge sheet metal is a type of metal, but it is not typically used for this application because it may not have the necessary strength and durability.

Answer:

10

Explanation:

Answer:

Exploration geophysics is an applied branch of geophysics and economic geology, which uses physical methods, such as seismic, gravitational, magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic at the surface of the Earth to measure the physical properties of the subsurface, along with the anomalies in those properties

Answer:

Safety First, Safety Always. Safety stands out as a core value for the oil and natural gas industry, embedded in every process and decision for operations. The oil and natural gas industry and the federal government are working together to continuously improve the safety of offshore operations. ...

Answer:

When two fair dice are rolled, 6×6=36 observations are obtained.

P(X=2)=P(1,1)=

36

1

​

P(X=3)=P(1,2)+P(2,1)=

36

2

​

=

18

1

​

P(X=4)=P(1,3)+P(2,2)+P(3,1)=

36

3

​

=

12

1

​

P(X=5)=P(1,4)+P(2,3)+P(3,2)+P(4,1)=

36

4

​

=

9

1

​

P(X=6)=P(1,5)+P(2,4)+P(3,3)+P(4,2)+P(5,1)=

36

5

​

P(X=7)=P(1,6)+P(2,5)+P(3,4)+P(4,3)+P(5,2)+P(6,1)=

36

6

​

=

6

1

​

P(X=8)=P(2,6)+P(3,5)+P(4,4)+P(5,3)+P(6,2)=

36

5

​

P(X=9)=P(3,6)+P(4,5)+P(5,4)+P(6,3)=

36

4

​

=

9

1

​

P(X=10)=P(4,6)+P(5,5)+P(6,4)=

36

3

​

=

12

1

​

P(X=11)=P(5,6)+P(6,5)=

36

2

​

=

18

1

​

P(X=12)=P(6,6)=

36

1

​

Therefore, the required probability distribution is as follows.

Then, E(X)=∑X

i

​

⋅P(X

i

​

)

=2×

36

1

​

+3×

18

1

​

+4×

12

1

​

+5×

9

1

​

+6×

36

5

​

+7×

6

1

​

+8×

36

5

​

+9×

9

1

​

+10×

12

1

​

+11×

18

1

​

+12×

36

1

​

=

18

1

​

+

6

1

​

+

3

1

​

+

9

5

​

+

6

5

​

+

6

7

​

+

9

10

​

+1+

6

5

​

+

18

11

​

+

3

1

​

=7

E(X

2

)=∑X

i

2

​

⋅P(X

i

​

)

=4×

36

1

​

+9×

18

1

​

+16×

12

1

​

+25×

9

1

​

+36×

36

5

​

+49×

6

1

​

+64×

36

5

​

+81×

9

1

​

+100×

12

1

​

+121×

18

1

​

+144×

36

1

​

=

9

1

​

+

2

1

​

+

3

4

​

+

9

25

​

+5+

6

49

​

+

9

80

​

+9+

3

25

​

+

18

121

​

+4

=

18

987

​

=

6

329

​

=54.833

Then, Var(X)=E(X

2

)−[E(X)]

2

=54.833−(7)

2

=54.833−49

=5.833

∴ Standard deviation =

Var(X)

​

=

5.833

​

=2.415

Answer:

Weight of block is 191.424 Kg

Explanation:

The volume of rectangular block = \(1*0.6*0.4 = 0.24\) cubic meter

1/5th of its volume being out of water which means water of volume nearly 4/5 th of the volume of rectangular block is replaced

Volume of replaced water = \(\frac{4}{5} * 0.24 = 0.192\) cubic meter

Weight of replaced water = weight of rectangular block = \(0.192 * 997\) Kg/M3

= 191.424 Kg

Answer:

The International Building Code (IBC) is a model code that provides minimum requirements to safeguard the public health, safety and general welfare of the occupants of new and existing buildings and structures.

Explanation:

In programming, try/catch blocks are used to handle exceptions or errors that may occur during the execution of code. In a sequence of try/catch blocks, the last catch block of that sequence should be (d) catch(Exception){ }.

When a try block is executed, the code inside it is monitored for any exceptions. If an exception occurs, it is caught by the appropriate catch block. Multiple catch blocks can be used to handle different types of exceptions. However, the order of these catch blocks is important. The last catch block in a sequence of try/catch blocks should be a catch block for the base exception class, which is represented by the exception class in most programming languages. This catch block will catch any exceptions that were not caught by the previous catch blocks in the sequence. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is d. catch(exception){}.

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Answer:

Zoning is like a hammer because it is used as a tool for urban planning.

Answer:

Hot Working

Explanation:

Given that hot working is carried out at temperatures greater than the recrystallization temperature of the metal, thereby the stress needed for deformation is considerably less.

On the other hand, cold working is carried out at temperatures lesser than the recrystallization temperature of the metal, thereby stress needed for deformation is much higher

Hence, comparing cold working to hot working, flow stress is usually lower in HOT WORKING.

Objective function: Minimize the total cost of crude oilCost = Cost per barrel * Number of barrelsMinimize:  Cost =  (Cost per barrel of Brent * x1) + (Cost per barrel of Dubai * x2) + (Cost per barrel of WTI * x3)

After setting up the spreadsheet, you would use Solver, an add-in in Excel, to find the optimal solution. Solver will adjust the values in the x1, x2, and x3 cells to minimize the objective function while satisfying all the constraints. The Solver's answer report will provide information on the optimal solution, including the values for x1, x2, and x3, as well as the minimum cost achieved.

b. To set up the corresponding LP in Excel and run Solver, you would simply exclude the availability constraint for Brent oil. The objective function, cost per barrel, and composition constraints would remain the same as in Q1. By running Solver, you can find the new optimal blending plan with unlimited Brent oil availability, which would result in a potentially lower total cost.

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The values of h at the two internal boundaries are :

Given data :

Z₁ = Z₂ = Z₃ = 25 m

h top = 120 m

h bottom = 100 m

K₁ = 0.0001 m/s

K₂ = 0.0005 m/s

K₃ = 0.0010 m/s

we will apply the formula below since flow is perpendicular to the bedding plane

Keq = \(\frac{Z1 + Z2 + Z3 }{\frac{Z1}{K1}+\frac{Z2}{K2} + \frac{Z3}{K3} }\)  ----- ( 1 )

Insert values given above into equation 1

Therefore ; Keq = 2.307 * 10⁻⁴ m/s

Hydraulic gradient ( Ieq ) = head loss / length

                                          = ( 120 - 100 ) / 3 * 25

                                   Ieq  = 0.266

Given that the flow is perpendicular to bedding plane

q1 = q2 = q3

V₁ = V₂ = V₃ = V

K₁i₁ = K₂i₂ = K₃i₃ = Keq * ieq

Hence :

V = Keq* Ieq

   = 2.307 * 10⁻⁴ * 0.266

   = 6.15 * 10⁻⁵ m/s .

Also;

K₁i₁ =  Keq * ieq = K₂i₂ = K₃i₃

therefore :

  i₁ = 0.615

  i₂ =  0.123

  i₃ = 0.0615

Pressure at point 1 ( i.e. pressure between first two formations )

h₁ = h top - i₁L₁

   = 120 - 0.615 * 25

   = 104.625 m

Pressure at point 2 ( i.e. pressure between the 2nd and 3rd formation )

h₂ = h₁ - i₂L₂

    = 104.625 - 0.123 * 25

    = 101.55 m

Therefore we can conclude that The values of h at the two internal boundaries are :  h₁ = 104.625 m , h₂ = 101.55 m

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Answer:

A diesel engine is a type of heat engine that uses the internal combustion process to convert the energy stored in the chemical bonds of the fuel into useful mechanical energy. ... First, the fuel reacts chemically (burns) and releases energy in the form of heat.

Answer:

Explanation:

When you hear a radio call that states an aircraft is on the "ILS 3 or RNAV (GPS) 3 approach 5 out", it means that the aircraft is approaching the airport on either the Instrument Landing System (ILS) approach or the Area Navigation (RNAV) approach with a minimum descent altitude of 3,000 feet, and is currently 5 nautical miles away from the airport.

You should look for the aircraft along its expected flight path, which can be found on approach plates or charts provided by the FAA. This information can also be obtained from air traffic control (ATC) if available.

Similarly, when you hear a radio call that states "RNAV (GPS) 21 approach 5 out", it means that the aircraft is approaching the airport on the RNAV (GPS) approach with a minimum descent altitude of 2,100 feet, and is currently 5 nautical miles away from the airport. You should look for the aircraft along its expected flight path.

For "RNAV (GPS) 8 or VOR 8 approach 5 out", it means that the aircraft is approaching the airport on either the RNAV (GPS) approach or the VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) approach with a minimum descent altitude of 800 feet, and is currently 5 nautical miles away from the airport. You should look for the aircraft along its expected flight path.

Finally, for "RNAV (GPS) 26 approach 5 out", it means that the aircraft is approaching the airport on the RNAV (GPS) approach with a minimum descent altitude of 2,600 feet, and is currently 5 nautical miles away from the airport. You should look for the aircraft along its expected flight path.

Option A holds the correct answer. Because the statement given in option A truly reflects the radial load and axial load.

When the load pressure is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, a radial load is applied and when the load pressure is parallel to the axis of the shaft, an axial load is applied. In other words, the radial load is applied when the pressure from the load is 'perpendicular to the axis of the shaft'. In contrast, the axial load is applied when the pressure from the load is 'parallel to the axis of the shaft'.

However, the rest of the statements are not correct in the context of radial loads and axial loads.

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Answer:

a) the output voltage is 50 V

b)

- the average inductor current is 10 A

- the maximum inductor current is 13 A

- the maximum inductor current is 7 A

c) the output voltage ripple is 0.006 or 0.6%V₀

d) the average current in the diode under ideal components is 4 A

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

a) the output voltage

V₀ = V\(_s\)/( 1 - D )

given that; V\(_s\) = 20 V, D = 0.6

we substitute

V₀ = 20 / ( 1 - 0.6 )

V₀ = 20 / 0.4

V₀ = 50 V

Therefore, the output voltage is 50 V

b)

- the average inductor current

\(I_L\) = V\(_s\) / ( 1 - D )²R

given that R = 12.5 Ω, V\(_s\) = 20 V, D = 0.6

we substitute

\(I_L\) = 20 / (( 1 - 0.6 )² × 12.5)

\(I_L\) = 20 / (( 0.4)² × 12.5)

\(I_L\) = 20 / ( 0.16 × 12.5 )

\(I_L\) = 20 / 2

\(I_L\) = 10 A

Therefore, the average inductor current is 10 A

- the maximum inductor current

\(I_{Lmax\) = [V\(_s\) / ( 1 - D )²R] + [ V

given that, R = 12.5 Ω, V\(_s\) = 20 V, D = 0.6, L = 10 μH, T = 1/200 kHz = 5 hz

we substitute

\(I_{Lmax\) = [20 / (( 1 - 0.6 )² × 12.5)] + [ (20 × 0.6 × 5) / (2 × 10) ]

\(I_{Lmax\) = [20 / 2 ] + [ 60 / 20 ]    

\(I_{Lmax\) = 10 + 3

\(I_{Lmax\) = 13 A

Therefore, the maximum inductor current is 13 A

- The minimum inductor current

\(I_{Lmax\) = [V\(_s\) / ( 1 - D )²R] - [ V

given that, R = 12.5 Ω, V\(_s\) = 20 V, D = 0.6, L = 10 μH, T = 1/200 kHz = 5 hz

we substitute

\(I_{Lmin\) = [20 / (( 1 - 0.6 )² × 12.5)] - [ (20 × 0.6 × 5) / (2 × 10) ]

\(I_{Lmin\) = [20 / 2 ] -[ 60 / 20 ]    

\(I_{Lmin\) = 10 - 3

\(I_{Lmin\)  = 7 A

Therefore, the maximum inductor current is 7 A

c)  the output voltage ripple

ΔV₀/V₀ = D/RCf

given that; R = 12.5 Ω, C = 40 μF = 40 × 10⁻⁶ F, D = 0.6, f = 200 Khz = 2 × 10⁵ Hz

we substitute

ΔV₀/V₀ = 0.6 / (12.5 × (40 × 10⁻⁶) × (2 × 10⁵) )

ΔV₀/V₀ = 0.6 / 100

ΔV₀/V₀ = 0.006 or 0.6%V₀

Therefore, the output voltage ripple is 0.006 or 0.6%V₀

d) the average current in the diode under ideal components;

under ideal components; diode current = output current

hence the diode current will be;

\(I_D\) = V₀/R

as V₀ = 50 V and R = 12.5 Ω

we substitute

\(I_D\) = 50 / 12.5

\(I_D\) = 4 A

Therefore, the average current in the diode under ideal components is 4 A