what is intrinsic concentration, ni, of electronic defects in ge (eg = 0.7 ev and nc=1019/cm3) at 300 k?

Answers

Answer 1

Explanation :

The intrinsic concentration, ni, of electronic defects in Ge at 300 K with Eg = 0.7 eV and NC = 1019 cm3 is 2.62  1013 cm3. What is intrinsic concentration?

The intrinsic carrier concentration (ni) is the quantity of electrons and holes per unit volume in a pure semiconductor material at thermodynamic equilibrium.

It is also referred to as the material's intrinsic concentration or the concentration of intrinsic carriers.

It is the product of the density of states in the valence band and the density of states in the conduction band when the Fermi level is at the mid-band.

The formula to calculate intrinsic concentration (ni) in semiconductors at a particular temperature T (in Kelvin) is given by;$$n_i=BT^{3/2}e^{(-E_g/2kT)}$$

Where B = (2m*kT/h2)3/2h, Planck's constant is the effective mass of the electron. E.g., the bandgap of the material is Boltzmann's constant. T is the temperature in Kelvin, and the intrinsic carrier concentration is given by asni2 = np.

At thermodynamic equilibrium, the Fermi level Ef is located at the mid-band gap in intrinsic semiconductors.

The intrinsic carrier concentration ni is thus the number of electrons in the conduction band, which is equal to the number of holes in the valence band, and is a function of the temperature T and the bandgap Eg.

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Related Questions

A substance can change into a new kind of molecule when:

Answers

Answer:

Chemical changes cause a substance to change into an entire substance with a new chemical formula. Chemical changes are also known as chemical reactions. The “ingredients” of a reaction are called reactants, and the results are called products.

Hope it helps

1. If a water body has large amount of suspended inorganic
materials, it will be__ in color.
a. Blue
b. yellowish to reddish, depending on the components of thr
inorganic materials.
c. Green
d. Clear

Answers

If a water body has large amount of suspended inorganic materials, it will be yellowish to reddish, depending on the components of the inorganic materials in color hence b. is the correct option.

A water body has all kinds of materials and compounds found in it which dictates it's color. If a water body has a large amount of suspended inorganic materials, the color will be affected by those materials. Depending on their components, the water may appear yellowish to reddish. This therefore rules out all the other options of blue, green and clear colours. The remaining correct option is b.

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At constant temperature and pressure, the coefficients for gaseous species in a valences chemical reaction can be interpreted as? 1) grams 2) pressure 3) volume 4) atoms

Answers

At constant temperature 1246 I need points

Plzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz help me i swear will mark you brainiest

Nitric oxide, NO, is formed when oxygen and nitrogen from the air react in an internal combustion engine.
What is the right equation for this reaction

Answers

Answer:

The combustion of hydrogen–oxygen mixtures is used to produce very high temperatures (approximately 2500 °C) needed for certain types of welding operations. Consider the reaction to be

H2(g)+1/2O2(g)=H2O(g)

change in enthalpy is -241.8 kJ

What is the quantity of heat evolved, in kilojoules, when a 160  g mixture containing equal parts of  H2 and O2 by mass is burned?

Explanation:

i hope this help sorry if it does not ok bye luv!!!

(10 points) An electron, proton and neutron have the same speed. Which has the smallest matter wave wavelength?

Answers

When the electron, proton, and neutron move at the same speed, the electron will have the lowest matter wave wavelength of the trio.

The de Broglie wavelength of a particle is given by the equation λ = h / p, where λ is the wavelength, h is Planck's constant, and p is the momentum of the particle. Since the speed of the electron, proton, and neutron is the same, their momentum will be directly proportional to their mass.

Comparing the masses of the three particles, we find that the electron has the smallest mass, followed by the proton, and the neutron has the largest mass.

Therefore, for the same speed, the electron will have the largest momentum, and consequently, the smallest matter wave wavelength.

In summary, the electron will have the smallest matter wave wavelength among the electron, proton, and neutron when they have the same speed.

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What is the mass, in grams, of 289.1 mol of uranium?

Answers

The mass in grams of uranium is 820.255g

Mass is the any substances that would be calculated by using their moles

Here given data is

uranium in 1 mol = 289.1 mol

And the formula is

n = W/V

W = required mass = ?

M = molar mass of uranium = 238.05g/mol

n = moles of uranium = 289.1 mol

Then putting this value

W =  289.1 mol×238.05g/mol

W = 820.255g

The mass, in grams of 289.1 mol of uranium is 820.255g

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Which best describes the relationship between the circulatory system and the respiratory system?
The circulatory system is the transport system for the respiratory system.
The respiratory system is the transport system for the circulatory system.
The circulatory system diffuses red blood cells into the respiratory system to pick up oxygen.
The respiratory system transfers hemoglobin to the red blood cells of the circulatory system.

Answers

Answer:

its a

Explanation:

yw

The respiratory and circulatory systems work together to maintain the homeostasis of the human body. The circulatory system is the transport system for the respiratory system. The correct option is A.

What is respiratory system?

The network of organs and tissues which help us to breathe is defined as the human respiratory system. The main function of this system is to introduce oxygen into the body and to expel carbon dioxide from the body.

The human circulatory system consisting of arteries, veins and capillaries provide all the essential nutrients, minerals and hormones to the various parts of the body.

The respiratory system does not work alone in transporting oxygen through the body. The oxygen taken in from the respiratory system moves into blood vessels that then circulate oxygen rich blood to tissues and cells.

Thus the correct option is A.

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if 5.0 ml of 0.50 m naoh is added to 25.0 ml of 0.10 m hcl, what will be the ph of the resulting solution?

Answers

The pH of the resulting solution is approximately 1.08. The pH of a solution can be calculated by determining the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution.



To calculate the pH of the resulting solution, we need to determine the number of moles of NaOH and HCl used. We can then use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the concentration of H+ in the final solution.

First, let's calculate the number of moles of NaOH used:
Volume of NaOH = 5.0 ml
Molarity of NaOH = 0.50 M

Using the formula: moles = volume (in liters) × molarity
moles of NaOH = (5.0 ml / 1000 ml/L) × 0.50 M = 0.0025 moles

Next, let's calculate the number of moles of HCl used:
Volume of HCl = 25.0 ml
Molarity of HCl = 0.10 M

moles of HCl = (25.0 ml / 1000 ml/L) × 0.10 M

= 0.0025 moles

Since NaOH and HCl react in a 1:1 ratio, the moles of H+ produced will be equal to the moles of HCl used. Therefore, the concentration of H+ in the final solution will be:

moles of H+ = moles of HCl

= 0.0025 moles

To calculate the concentration of H+ in the final solution, we need to determine the volume of the final solution. Since the volumes of NaOH and HCl are added together, the volume of the final solution is:

Volume of final solution = Volume of NaOH + Volume of HCl = 5.0 ml + 25.0 ml

= 30.0 ml

Converting the volume to liters:
Volume of final solution = 30.0 ml / 1000 ml/L

= 0.030 L

Now, we can calculate the concentration of H+ in the final solution:

Concentration of H+ = moles of H+ / Volume of final solution
Concentration of H+ = 0.0025 moles / 0.030 L ≈ 0.0833 M

Finally, we can calculate the pH of the resulting solution using the equation:

pH = -log[H+]
pH = -log(0.0833) ≈ 1.08

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if 203 mL of water is added to 5.00 mL of 4.16 M KCl solution, what is the concentration of the dilute solution

Answers

Answer:0.100

Explanation:

A drinking glass and a tightly sealed jar sit on the kitchen counter. both are half-filled with water and are undisturbed for several hours. will the liquid and water vapor establish equilibrium in either container? explain your answer

Answers

A tightly sealed jar will form liquid and water equilibrium but the drinking glass will not.

Will the liquid and water vapor establish equilibrium in either container?

The liquid and water vapor establish equilibrium in a tightly sealed container but not in the drinking glass because in the tightly sealed jar, the water can't go into the atmosphere but in the drinking glass the water will evaporate.

So we can conclude that a tightly sealed jar will form liquid and water equilibrium but the drinking glass will not.

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PLEASE HELP ASAP!!!

PLEASE HELP ASAP!!!

Answers

As a result, the gas will be about 205 kelvin, or -68.5 degrees Celsius, in temperature.

What temperature is a gas at a 2 atm pressure and 2 l ?

If a gas's temperature is increased to 927°C, so its pneumatic cylinder will be. A gas has a temperature of 127°C at 2 atm and 2 litres of volume. O 6 atm.

1 mole = 22.4 litres, correct?

One mole ($6.023 times 1023 typical particles) of the any gas at STP takes up 22.4L of space. A mole of any gas takes up 22.4 litres at standard pressure and temperature (273K and 1atm).

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what is the electrons, valence electrons, and electron shells number please answer all 3 questions (look at the picture)

what is the electrons, valence electrons, and electron shells number please answer all 3 questions (look

Answers

In picture one, there are four electrons, one valance electrons and two shells, in image two there are three electrons, one valance electrons and two shells whereas there are 13 electrons, three valance electrons and three shells.

What is Electrons, Valence Electrons, and Electron Shells Numbers?

Electrons:

An electron is a negatively charged particle which can be either bounded with to an atom. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure.

Valence Electrons:

Valence electrons are those electrons which are present in outermost shell or in valence shell or energy level of an atom. For example, oxygen has six valence electrons, two in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell.

Electron Shells Numbers:

Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons: the first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell can hold up to eight (2 + 6) electrons, the third shell can hold up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) and so on.

So we can conclude that In picture one, there are four electrons, one valance electrons and two shells, in image two there are three electrons, one valance electrons and two shells whereas there are 13 electrons, three valance electrons and three shells.

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what is the number of ions in 310g of magnesium ions,Mg^2+

thank you so much

Answers

In 310 g of magnesium ions (Mg²⁺), there are approximately 7.69 × 10²⁴ magnesium ions. This calculation involves converting the mass of magnesium ions to moles.

To determine the number of ions in 310 g of magnesium ions (Mg²⁺), we need to convert the mass of magnesium ions to the number of moles and then use Avogadro's number to calculate the number of ions.

The molar mass of magnesium (Mg) is approximately 24.31 g/mol.

Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass

              = 310 g / 24.31 g/mol

              = 12.75 mol (rounded to two decimal places)

There is one magnesium ion in one mole of magnesium ions (Mg²⁺).

Number of magnesium ions

= Number of moles × Avogadro's number × Number of ions per mole

= 12.75 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ ions/mol × 1 ion

≈ 7.69 × 10²⁴ magnesium ions

Therefore, there are approximately 7.69 × 10²⁴ magnesium ions in 310 g of magnesium ions (Mg²⁺).

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please please help me i do not get this

please please help me i do not get this

Answers

Answer:

C⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

A divergent boundary is when two tectonic plates move apart from one another.

Answer:

A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other and new crust is forming from magma that rises to the Earth's surface between the two plates. The middle of the Red Sea and the mid-ocean ridge (running the length of the Atlantic Ocean) are divergent plate boundaries.

Explanation:

Wind power was first used in the 1970s.
A. true
B. false

Answers

Answer:

B. false

Explanation:

Answer:

B (false)

Explanation:

Because, the earliest recorded evidence of wind energy being used dates to around 5000 BC in Egypt, where the sail was invented to catch the wind and propel boats along the River Nile


Part C
Why do you use the same amount of baking soda and same amount of liquid for each combination?

Answers

Answer:

because you might have a too much bigger than explosion if you add more baking soda or vinegar

Explanation:

You use the same amount of baking soda and the same amount of liquid for each combination for the explosion.

We know that,

When you use the same amount of baking soda and the same amount of liquid for each combination then be get the explosion.

Baking soda and liquid are base and acid so they react chemically.

Here, the given liquid is vinegar

If you will increase the amount of baking soda and if you will increase the amount of liquid then no reaction

So, you use the same amount of baking soda and the same amount of liquid for each combination for the explosion.

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Match each element with the element that is most similar to it. If you don’t know the answer, use this periodic table to help you make your best guess.


Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs...

Match each element with the element that is most similar to it. If you dont know the answer, use this

Answers

Answer:

Lithium - Potassium

Carbon - Silicon

Fluorine - Bromine

Oxygen - Sulfur

Explanation:

I hope this helps!! :3

Which of the following are behavioral adaptations? Select all that apply.
A. playing dead
B. migration
C. type of teeth
D. hibernation
E. body coverings

Answers

Answer:

The 2 types of behavioral adaptation are migration, and hibernation. Explanation: Adaptation of animal is the fitness towards its environment.

Explanation:

there are ________ σ bonds and ________ π bonds in h 3c-ch 2-ch═ch-ch 2-c≡ch.

Answers

There are 6 σ bonds and 3 π bonds in H₃C-CH₂-CH═CH-CH₂-C≡CH.

In the given chemical structure, σ (sigma) bonds are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals in a head-to-head fashion. These bonds allow for the sharing of electrons between the atoms involved. Each single bond, whether between carbon and hydrogen or carbon and carbon, is a σ bond. Therefore, we count the number of single bonds to determine the number of σ bonds.

In this molecule, there are six single bonds: three between carbon and hydrogen  and three between carbon and carbon.Hence, there are 6 σ bonds in total.

In the given structure, there are three double bonds: one between carbon atoms (═), one between carbon and carbon (ch═ch), and one between carbon and carbon (c≡ch). Each double bond consists of one σ bond and one π bond.

Therefore, there are 6 σ bonds and 3 π bonds in the given chemical structure.

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If the gas in the above system has a volume of 256 mL at a pressure
of 2.88 atm, what is the volume of the same gas at a pressure of 1.00
atm?

Answers

Answer:

the volume of the same gas at pressure of 1.00atm =737.3ml

If the gas in the above system has a volume of 256 mL at a pressureof 2.88 atm, what is the volume of

what is a substance made of 2 or more elements called

Answers

it’s called a compound

Answer:

A substance made from 2 or more elements is called a compound

You have 550mL of 7M solution HCI and you want to make 3L of diluted solution, what will the new concentration be?

Answers

According to the molar concentration, if you  have 550 ml of 7 M solution HCI and you want to make 3 L of diluted solution,the new concentration will be 1.28 M.

What is molar concentration?

Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.

The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.In case of two solutions it is calculated as, M₁V₁=M₂V₂ on substitution gives M₂=7×550/3000=1.28 M.

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what is the word equation for

anhydrous copper (2) sulphate and water​

Answers

Explanation:

When writing chemical equations for reversible reactions, the usual one-way arrow is not used. Instead, two arrows are used, each with just half an arrowhead - the top one pointing right, and the bottom one pointing left.

For example:

ammonium~chloride \rightleftharpoons ammonia + hydrogen~chloride

NH_{4}Cl(s) \rightleftharpoons NH_{3}(g) + HCl(g)

Molecules that increase the production and release of neurotransmitters are known as?

Answers

Molecules which increase neurotransmitter formation and release are termed as calcium.

The release of neurotransmitter molecules is triggered by an increase in calcium. When a neuron becomes depolarized and reaches a threshold, it sends an electrical signal called the action potential down the axon. When the action potential reaches the terminal, voltage gated calcium channels open. This causes an influx of calcium, which binds to proteins and allows the fusion of neurotransmitter-filled vesicles with the membrane. This results in the release of increased level of neurotransmitter into the synapse, where it can cause changes in the postsynaptic cell.

What are Neurotransmitters?

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that neurons release in order to communicate with other neurons or effector tissues such as muscle. There are various types of neurotransmitters, each with a unique effect on the postsynaptic cell.

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There are three stable forms of neon: neon-20, neon-21, and neon-22. Which statement is true?
A) The number of neutrons are the same.
B) Their number of protons differ.
C) They are radioactive, like all isotopes.
D) Their atomic masses differ.

Answers

Looking at the forms of neon in the question as shown, we can see that;  their atomic masses differ. Option D

What are isotopes?

The term isotopes has to do with the atoms that have the same atomic number but do not have the same mass number. The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and the neutrons. Given that the number of protons is a constant and it is the identity of the element, we are now left with the understanding that the difference between the mass numbers of the isotopes must stem from the very given fact that the neutrons that are found in the both isotopes are just not of the same number.

Having said all of these, we could now look at the isotopes that we have which are the isotopes of neon that have all been labeled as; neon-20, neon-21, and neon-22.

Following from the explanations that have been afore given above, we could easily arrive at the conclusion that; their atomic masses differ.

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Give the theoretical van't Hoff factor i for each of the following:(This is the i used in the calculation of osmolarity.)C12H22O11

Answers

Answer

The theoretical Van't Hoff factor i for C12H22O11 is 1

Explanation

The Van't Hoff factor, i, is the number of particles formed in a solution from one formula unit of solute.

The Van't Hoff factor, i, is a property of the solute. In an ideal solution, i does not depend on the concentration of the solution.

For a nonelectrolyte, like (C12H22O11), which does not separate into ions in solution, Van''t Hoff factor, i = 1 because 1 molecule of sucrose (C12H22O11) forms only one particle in solution.f

Which statement is true of any reversible reaction?

A. It can proceed in either direction

B. It can occur only between gases

C. It has only one product

D. It has more than one reactant

Which statement is true of any reversible reaction? A. It can proceed in either direction B. It can occur

Answers

Answer:

A. It can proceed in either direction

Explanation:

A P E X

Reactions can be reversible and irreversible. The reversible reactions can proceed in either direction. Thus, option A is correct.

What are reversible reactions?

Reversible reactions can convert the reactants and products into each other and hence, move in both the left and right directions. These types of reactions never get completed and attain equilibrium.

The reactants react to produce the products, and the products re-react to form the reactants of the reaction mixture. The melting of the wax can be a reversible reaction.

Therefore, option A. reversible reactions can occur in both directions is correct.

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helllp meee pls . ....... ..... . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ... .. . . . . ....... . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . ....

helllp meee pls . ....... ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ... .. . . . . ....... . . ..

Answers

The answer is A “ mutations”


What layer of the skin contains blood vessels, nerves and hair follicles?
Dermis
Epidermis
Hypodermis
Subcutaneous

Answers

Answer:

The answer to your question is Dermis

Explanation:

Below the epidermis is the dermis. This is where our blood vessels, nerve endings, sweat glands, and hair follicles are.

Really need help with this! Chemistry

Really need help with this! Chemistry

Answers

Answer:

a) 0,5

Explanation:

If x=6 and y=2, then (2x-4y)/(x+y)=(2*6-4*2)/(6+2)=(12-8)/8=4/8= 0,5

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