what is the difference between direct and indirect surveys
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Direct services are paid for directly by those who engage the service, Indirect services are paid for by the government from the public fund (taxes from people who enjoy these services).
Related Questions
To develop strategies to manage water quality in polluted lakes, biologists must determine the depths of sediments D(t) and the rate of sedimentation. It has been determined that the depth of sediment (in centimeters) with respect to time (in years before 1990) for a lake can be estimated by the equation D(t) =155 (1--e^-0.01321)
a. Find D(20) and interpret. b. Find limt→[infinity] D(t) and interpret.
a. Find D(20).
D(20) =
(Round to one decimal place as needed.)
Interpret D(20). Select the correct choice below and fill in the answer box within your choice.
A. The depth of the sediment of the lake in (Round to the nearest year as needed.)
is 20 cm.
B. The depth of the sediment of the lake in 2010 is (Round to one decimal place as needed.)
cm.
C. The depth of the sediment of the lake in 1970
Answers
The depth of the sediment of the lake in 2010 is (Round to one decimal place as needed.) 81.9 cm. This is because t represents the number of years before 1990. Therefore, 1990-20 = 1970. This implies that D(20) is the depth of the sediment in 1970.
This means that the depth of sediment would eventually be 155 cm if the sedimentation process continued indefinitely. Water is one of the most valuable resources on Earth. The ever-growing population and its consequent urbanisation, industrialisation, and agricultural practices, however, have contributed to an increase in water pollution. To establish strategies to manage water quality in polluted lakes, biologists must establish the depths of sediments D(t) and the sedimentation rate.
To compute D(20), the equation D(t) =155 (1 - e^-0.01321) was used. D(20) was computed to be 81.9. This means that the depth of the sediment of the lake in 1970 was 81.9 cm.For the second question, limt→[infinity] D(t) was computed. As t approaches infinity, D(t) approaches 155. This implies that if the sedimentation process continued indefinitely, the depth of sediment would eventually be 155 cm. Therefore, biologists must continuously monitor and devise efficient methods to mitigate water pollution. This will help in conserving water, preserving aquatic life, and maintaining the balance of ecosystems.
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Which blood component primarily contributes to plasma osmotic pressure?.
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Albumin is also the most significant contributor to the osmotic pressure of blood; that is, its presence holds water inside the blood vessels and draws water from the tissues, across blood vessel walls, and into the bloodstream.
under normal renal physiology, the osmolarity of the fluid flowing in the early distal tubule in the region near the macula densa is?
Answers
The afferent arteriole contracts in response to increased salt levels, lowering blood flow to the glomerulus and the rate of glomerular filtration. To adjust blood volume and bring blood pressure back to normal, macula densa cells that sense variations in sodium chloride levels will initiate an autoregulatory response that will increase or reduce the reabsorption of ions and water to the blood (as needed).
The primary cells of the kidney are known as macula densa (MD) cells, which have important sensory and regulatory roles in the regulation of blood pressure, electrolyte homeostasis, and bodily fluids.The afferent arteriole is dilated by the macula densa cells in response to reduced sodium chloride, increasing GFR. The concentration of sodium chloride will rise in response to an increase in GFR.
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A man walks 10 meters in 5 seconds, what is his speed?
Answers
Answer:
2m/s
avg. speed=10m5s=2m/s .
Explanation:
what would happen to the electron transport chain if one could artificially maintain the proton concentration in the intermembrane space at very high levels?
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The electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons from electron donors (such as NADH and FADH2) to electron acceptors (such as oxygen).
The ETC is driven by the proton motive force, which is generated by the pumping of protons (H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space by complexes I, III, and IV of the ETC. This creates a concentration gradient of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which drives the synthesis of ATP by complex V (ATP synthase).
If one could artificially maintain the proton concentration in the intermembrane space at very high levels, it would disrupt the proton motive force and the ETC. Specifically, the high proton concentration would create a backpressure that would inhibit the pumping of protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space by complexes I, III, and IV. This would result in a buildup of electron carriers (such as NADH) and a decrease in the production of ATP by complex V.
In addition, the high proton concentration in the intermembrane space would cause protons to leak back into the mitochondrial matrix through the inner mitochondrial membrane, which would dissipate the proton motive force and reduce the production of ATP.
Overall, artificially maintaining a very high proton concentration in the intermembrane space would disrupt the normal function of the ETC and decrease the production of ATP by the mitochondria.
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Read each question carefully. Write your response in the space provided for each part of each question. Answers must be written out in paragraph form. Outlines, bulleted lists, or diagrams alone are not acceptable and will not be scored. Enolase is an enzyme that catalyzes one reaction in glycolysis in all organisms that carry out this process. The amino acid sequence of enolase is similar but not identical in the organisms. Researchers purified enolase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a single-celled eukaryotic yeast that grows best at 37°C, and from Chloroflexus aurantiacus, a bacterium that grows best at the much higher temperature of 55°C. The researchers compared the activity of purified enolase from the two organisms by measuring the rate of the reaction in the presence of varying concentrations of substrate and a constant amount of each enzyme at both 37°C and 55°C. (a) Depending on the organism, the optimal pH for enolase to catalyze its reaction is between 6.5 and 8.0. Describe how a pH below or above this range is likely to affect enolase and its catalytic ability. (b) Identify the appropriate negative control the researchers most likely used when measuring the reaction rate in the presence of each organism’s enolase. (c) The researchers predict that for any particular concentration of substrate, the C. aurantiacus enolase-catalyzed reaction is more rapid at 55°C than at 37°C. Provide reasoning to justify the researchers’ prediction.
Answers
The answers about enoalase activity from Chloroflexus aurantiacus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae:
a) The pH affects the tertiary structure of the enzyme and its active site.
b) An appropriate negative control would be a reaction mixture that contains all the components except for the enolase.
c) The reason why the C. aurantiacus enolase-catalyzed reaction is more rapid at 55°C is due to its optimal temperature of function.
Experiments about enolasea) A pH below or above this range is likely to affect enolase and its catalytic ability because it can denature the enzyme and cause it to become non-functional. This is because a change in the pH affects the tertiary structure of the enzyme and its active site. This can alter the conformation of the active site and impair the binding of the enzyme and its substrate, making it unable to catalyze the reaction.
b) In an experiment, a negative control is a group or sample that does not receive the treatment or variable that is being tested. The appropriate negative control the researchers most likely used when measuring the reaction rate in the presence of each organism’s enolase is one without any substrate. This is to ensure that the reaction is not occurring due to the presence of the enzyme alone.
c) Enzymes have an optimal temperature at which they function most effectively, and this temperature varies between different organisms and enzymes. For the C. aurantiacus enolase, the optimal temperature for the function is likely to be closer to 55°C, the temperature at which the organism grows best.
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the wet bulb temperature is 10 C the Dry bulb temperature is 14 C what is the relative humidity?
Answers
The relative humidity is approximately 22.9% based on the given wet bulb temperature of 10°C and dry bulb temperature of 14°C.
Relative humidityWet bulb temperature: 10°C = 50°F
Dry bulb temperature: 14°C = 57.2°F
SVP at wet bulb temperature: 0.284 * \(e^(17.27 * 10 / (10 + 237.3))\)= 0.284 * \(e^(-7.09)\) = 0.284 * 0.000828 = 0.0002356 psi
SVP at dry bulb temperature: 0.284 *\(e^(17.27 * 14 / (14 + 237.3))\) = 0.284 * e^(-5.97) = 0.284 * 0.002562 = 0.0007296 psi
AVP = 0.0002356 - (0.00066 * (57.2 - 50) * 14.7) = 0.0002356 - (0.00066 * 7.2 * 14.7) = 0.0002356 - 0.0686 = 0.000167 psi
RH = (AVP / SVP at dry bulb temperature) * 100
RH = (0.000167 / 0.0007296) * 100 = 0.229 * 100 = 22.9%
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Match the P/O ratio with the number of subunits in the C-ring: 2.50 ATP/NADH A. 12 subunits -- 2.30 ATP/NADH B. 9 subunits -- 2.00 ATP/NADH C. 15 subunits -- 1.76 ATP/NADH D. 10 subunits -- 1.67 ATP/NADH E. 14 subunits
Answers
The P/O ratio for a C-ring with 14 subunits is not specified in the given options
The matching of P/O ratio with the number of subunits in the C-ring is as follows:
A. 12 subunits -- 2.30 ATP/NADH
B. 9 subunits -- 2.00 ATP/NADH
C. 15 subunits -- 1.76 ATP/NADH
D. 10 subunits -- 1.67 ATP/NADH
E. 14 subunits
In the oxidative phosphorylation process, the P/O ratio refers to the number of ATP molecules synthesized per molecule of NADH oxidized. The P/O ratio is influenced by the number of subunits in the C-ring of the ATP synthase complex, which is responsible for ATP synthesis.
Based on experimental observations, the matching indicates that a C-ring with 12 subunits has a P/O ratio of 2.30 ATP/NADH, a C-ring with 9 subunits has a P/O ratio of 2.00 ATP/NADH, a C-ring with 15 subunits has a P/O ratio of 1.76 ATP/NADH, and a C-ring with 10 subunits has a P/O ratio of 1.67 ATP/NADH.
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Which two organisms have the most characteristics in common?
Answers
Answer:
living organisms and non living organisms
The simulation shows a game of tug-of-war. Place a blue team and a red team with same-sized people on each side of the rope. What can you say about the sizes of the left and right arrows?
Answers
The sizes of the left and right arrows should be the same.
In the game of tug-of-war, the sizes of the left and right arrows represent the relative strengths of the blue team and the red team. If the blue team is stronger and pulling harder, the size of the left arrow would be larger than the size of the right arrow.
Conversely, if the red team is stronger, the size of the right arrow would be larger than the size of the left arrow. The sizes of the arrows indicate the force exerted by each team and provide a visual representation of the balance of power in the game.
In tug-of-war, the objective is for one team to overpower the other and pull the rope towards their side. The larger the arrow representing a team's strength, the greater their force and ability to move the rope in their direction.
The size of the arrows serves as a visual cue for spectators to understand which team has the advantage at any given moment. It helps to create a sense of competition and excitement as the teams struggle to gain control of the rope.
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What flower only blooms every 100 years?
Answers
Answer:
Agave ocahui
Explanation:
The correct answer is the
Agave ocahui grows in Chicago
How can you tell a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell just by looking at a photo like this?
Answers
Does this one work?
The pedigree below depicts a dominant trait. What is the genotype of individual I-1 (use the letter A for a dominant allele and a for a recessive allele)? How did you come to this conclusion? Using your best grammar, write 3-5 sentences.
Answers
A pedigree chart is a diagrammatic representation showing the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene/traits and its ancestors from one generation to the next establishing relationships between individuals in a family.
Using the letter A for a dominant allele and a for a recessive allele, the genotype of individual I-1 is Aa.
In the key pedigree nomenclature, an individual marked with the black ink is affected with the trait (and this trait is dominant - A). Looking at the F1 generation, there are males affected and females as well. For inheritance of the trait, just one copy is enough to become affected. Therefore, the male parent is heterozygous for the trait and the female normal (aa) to enable the production of both affected and non-affected individuals.Learn more about pedigrees: https://brainly.com/question/318443
What did Walter Sutton observe about the relative numbers of chromosomes in the body cells and sex cells of grasshoppers?
Answers
Answer:
Sutton observed that sex cells half the number of chromosomes as boy cells.
Explanation:
What are the different types of vitamins needed by our body?
Answers
Answer:
The 13 essential vitamins your body needs are vitamins.
Explanation:
A, C, D, E, K and the B vitamins: thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyroxidine (B6), biotin (B7), folate (B9) and cobalamin (B12). The four fat-soluble vitamins—A, D, E, and K—are stored in the body's fatty tissues.
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Answer:
acdebk
b1 ribovlavin
b2 niacin
b3 panthotenc
b5 pyroxidine
b6 biotine
b7 folate
b9 cobalamin
ADEK are stored in bodies fatt tissue and they're four fat soubl vitamins
what factors are responsible for increasing the size of a population?
Answers
Answer:
Economic development
Explanation:
1. Natural increase: This refers to the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths in a population. If the number of births is greater than the number of deaths, the population will grow.
2. Immigration: If people move into a population from other areas, it can contribute to population growth.
3. High fertility rates: A high fertility rate, or the average number of children a woman has during her reproductive years, can also contribute to population growth.
4. Increased life expectancy: If people are living longer due to advances in medicine and public health, the population will grow.
5. Changes in social norms: Changes in social norms, such as the acceptance of smaller families, can also impact population growth.
It's worth noting that population growth is not always a positive thing, as it can put strain on resources and the environment. Some countries have implemented policies to encourage smaller families and slow population growth.
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Process by which plants become fertilized without water; animals help
Answers
Identify the organ systems in your body that need to work together when dancing, eating bread, writing on a piece of paper.
Answers
Answer:
Muscular system, nervous system, skeletal system
Digestive system, blood circulatory system, respiratory system
Nervous system, muscular system, skeletal system
1-Muscular system: The muscles in the body need to work together to produce the movements and poses associated with dancing.
2-Skeletal system: The bones in the body provide the structure and support needed for dancing, allowing the body to move and perform various positions and movements.
3-Cardiovascular system: The heart and blood vessels in the body need to work together to pump oxygen-rich blood to the muscles being used in dancing, providing the energy needed for movement.
4-Nervous system: The nerves in the body help to coordinate and control the movements of the muscles and other organ systems during dancing.
When eating bread, the following organ systems in the body need to work together:
1-Digestive system: The digestive system is responsible for breaking down the bread into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body for energy. This process involves the mouth, teeth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
2-Cardiovascular system: The heart and blood vessels help to transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells of the body, providing the energy needed to power the processes of digestion and metabolism.
3-Muscular system: The muscles in the body, particularly those in the mouth and throat, are used to chew and swallow the bread.
When writing on a piece of paper, the following organ systems in the body need to work together:
1-Muscular system: The muscles in the hands, arms, and shoulders are used to hold and control the writing implement, and to make the movements needed to write on the paper.
2-Skeletal system: The bones in the hands, arms, and shoulders provide the structure and support needed to hold and move the writing implement, and to maintain proper posture while writing.
3-Nervous system: The nerves in the body help to coordinate and control the movements of the muscles, allowing the person to write with precision and control.
4-Cardiovascular system: The heart and blood vessels help to transport oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body, providing the energy needed to power the processes of muscle movement and coordination
Apply If South America were not there
explain how the direction of the South
Equatorial current would be different.
Answers
The direction of South America were not there.
What is direction?Direction is defined as the path os something takes, the path that is must be taken by to the reach of a specific place, the way in this which something by starting to develop or to the way you are facing the problem. An example of direction is when you are going right instead of left.
The direction of the Southern Equatorial currently changes. The main reason is the continental deflection. If South America is not there,we have to explain how the direction of to the South Equatorial is currently would not be different. If the continental was not there, then this is the direction would not be change. The current would continue moving to the West.
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the anatomy and physiology instructor is talking about pain sensations. what responds to stimulation by generating nerve impulses that produce pain sensati\
Answers
The nerve impulses that produce pain sensations are Nociceptors.
How is the stimulation caused and types of nociceptive fibres?When a painful or unpleasant input comes into contact with sensory nerve endings, pain is the result. The ensuing painful impulse originates at the sensory nerve ending, travels via the dorsal spinal cord, and then exits the brainstem via nerve tracts. It then exits the brainstem and travels to various sections of the brain. A fast motor response is made by the brain in an effort to stop the action that is producing the pain after processing the pain experience.
The free nerve endings form dense networks with multiple branches that are regarded as nociceptors, that is, the sensory receptors for pain.
Nerve impulses are carried by the Unmyelinated C fibers (small and slow), Myelinated A-delta fibers (myelinated and fast) kinds of nociceptive nerve fibers.
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Genetic engineering involves various stages.
1 human DNA is inserted into bacterial plasmid DNA
2 recombinant plasmid inserted into bacteria
3 restriction enzyme cuts bacterial plasmid DNA
4 restriction enzyme cuts human DNA
What is the correct sequence for genetic engineering?
Answers
Answer:
4, 3, 1, 2
Explanation:
FIRST: cDNA is synthesized to be used as a gene of interest: processed (spliced) mRNA (no introns) is reverse transcribed to cDNA using reverse transcriptase, an enzyme from retroviruses
SECOND: Restriction enzyme used to cut GOI
THIRD: Same Restriction enzyme used to cut plasmid (sticky ends are created)
FOURTH: GOI connects/hybridizes with plasmid due to base-pairing
FIFTH: DNA ligase connects the recombinant DNA strands
Explain two main concerns of using gmo in agriculture
Answers
3. Which plants are usually the first to grow during secondary succession?
A ferns
Blichens
Cweeds
D trees
Answers
Answer:
ferns
Explanation:
these are alsi known as conifers which require a great amount if light
Im not a science student just trying beans I guess
Mae was diagnosed with neutropenia, an insufficient level of neutrophils in the blood. How will her body respond to fighting certain pathogens
Answers
When someone is diagnosed with neutropenia, their body's ability to fight pathogens is greatly weakened. Neutrophils are an important white blood cell that helps the body to fight off bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens.
When neutropenia is present, the body doesn't have enough of these cells to effectively fight off infection. This means that even the most common of infections can become much more severe and even life-threatening. The body may also be unable to fight off certain types of bacteria, such as staphylococcus, which can cause serious infections.
To combat this, Mae will likely need to take antibiotics, as well as other treatments to boost her neutrophil count. Additionally, she may need to take extra precautions, such as washing her hands more frequently and avoiding contact with people who have infections. With proper treatment, Mae should be able to manage her condition and reduce her risk of infection.
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do identical twins have the same fingerprints
Answers
Answer:
no
Explanation:
Identical twins do not have identical fingerprints, even though their identical genes give them very similar patterns. ... Small differences in the womb environment conspire to give each twin different, but similar, fingerprints. In fact, each finger has a slightly different pattern, even for your own fingers.
Though genetics plays a role, at least 90% of the risk of heart attack can be modified by __________.
Answers
Though genetics plays a role, at least 90% of the risk of a heart attack can be modified by lifestyle factors.
Lifestyle modifications have a significant impact on reducing the risk of heart attacks and cardiovascular diseases. These modifications include adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding tobacco use, managing stress levels, and controlling conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol.
A healthy diet that is low in saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, and sodium, while being rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats, can help lower the risk of heart attacks. Regular physical activity, such as aerobic exercises and strength training, improves cardiovascular health, reduces blood pressure, helps maintain a healthy weight, and lowers the risk of heart disease.
Avoiding tobacco use, including smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke, is crucial in preventing heart attacks. Smoking damages blood vessels, increases the risk of blood clots, raises blood pressure, and decreases the amount of oxygen in the blood.
Managing stress levels through techniques like meditation, deep breathing exercises, or engaging in activities that promote relaxation can have a positive impact on heart health. Chronic stress can contribute to high blood pressure and heart disease.
Controlling underlying health conditions like hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetes, and high cholesterol through medication, lifestyle changes, and regular medical check-ups is essential for reducing the risk of heart attacks.
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which type of mutation causes this translation of error that leads to cystic fibrosis?
Answers
Answer:
CF is caused by a mutation in the gene cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The most common mutation, ΔF508, is a deletion (Δ signifying deletion) of three nucleotides that results in a loss of the amino acid phenylalanine (F) at the 508th position on the protein.
Select all of the correct statements. (Choose all that apply) Complementary strands in a DNA molecule are held together by hydrogen bonds. Complementary strands in a DNA molecule are held together by covalent bonds. Nucleotides of a single DNA strand are held together by covalent bonds. Nucleotides of a single DNA strand are held together by hydrogen bonds.
Answers
The complementary strands in a DNA molecule are held together by hydrogen bonds is true statement.
The higher strand of DNA is the "mRNA-like" strand. The decrease strand is the strand this is complementary to the mRNA.You can decide the series of a complementary strand in case you are given the series of the template strand.
These strands are complementary, with every base in a single sticking to its companion at the other. The A-T pairs are related with the aid of using hydrogen bonds, at the same time as the G-C pairs are related with the aid of using 3 hydrogen bonds.
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Which molecule is required to generate ATP in a cell? carbon dioxide glucose water NADH
Answers
Identify the steps of the lysogenict
Answers
Answer:
cycle:
1. Attachment: A bacteriophage attaches to the surface of a bacterial cell.
2. Entry: The viral DNA is injected into the bacterium and integrates into the host chromosome.
3. Prophage: The integrated viral DNA is known as a prophage and is replicated along with the bacterial chromosome.
4. Replication: The prophage replicates along with the bacterial DNA during cell division.
5. Induction: A trigger, such as stress or UV radiation, causes the prophage to leave the bacterial chromosome and enter the lytic cycle.
6. Lytic cycle: The viral DNA begins replicating and producing new phages, which lyse the host cell and release new viruses.
7. Release: The newly produced phages are released into the environment to find other bacterial cells to infect.
Note: The lysogenic cycle can sometimes be followed by the lytic cycle, in which the virus uses the host cell to produce new viruses, ultimately leading to lysis of the host cell.