The melting point range of a recrystallized product refers to the temperature range at which the solid substance transitions to a liquid state upon heating.
To determine the melting point range of a recrystallized product, follow these steps:
1. First, obtain a small sample of the recrystallized product, usually in the form of small crystals or a powder.
2. Prepare a capillary tube by sealing one end of it. Then, fill the capillary tube with the recrystallized product by tapping the open end of the tube against the sample to collect a small amount inside. The tube should only be filled about 2-3 millimeters from the bottom.
3. Mount the capillary tube on a thermometer or a melting point apparatus, with the sealed end pointing downwards.
4. Begin heating the sample gradually, at a rate of approximately 1-2°C per minute. It is crucial to increase the temperature slowly to obtain an accurate melting point range.
5. Observe the sample closely as the temperature rises. Take note of the temperature when the sample starts to melt (the onset of melting). This is the beginning of the melting point range.
6. Continue heating the sample until it has completely turned into a liquid. Record the temperature when the sample is fully melted, marking the end of the melting point range.
7. The melting point range of the recrystallized product is the range of temperatures between the onset of melting and the complete melting of the sample.
By following these steps, you will obtain the melting point range for your recrystallized product. This range is an important characteristic of the substance, as it can provide valuable information about its purity and identity. Generally, a pure substance has a narrow melting point range (1-2°C), whereas an impure substance exhibits a broader range and a lower melting point.
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A certain first-order reaction a → b is 25% complete in 42 min at 25°c. What is the half-life of the reaction?.
The half-life of the reaction is 101.9 min
First order reactionWhen a reaction's pace and reactant concentration are inversely correlated, the process is known as a first-order reaction. To put it another way, the reaction rate doubles when the concentration does. One or two reactants can be present in a first-order reaction, as in the case of the decomposition process.
The half-life of first-order reaction:-The amount of time it takes for the initial concentration of the reactant(s) to decrease by half is known as the half-life of a chemical reaction (abbreviated as "t1/2").
Calculation:-a→b
25% reacted means 75% remains
t=42 min
Rate constant
k=(2.303/t)(log a/a-x)
k=(2.303/42)(log 100/100-25 )
k=(0.054) (log 100/75)
k=(0.054)(0.1249)
k=0.0068 per min
half life
t1/2=(0.693/k)
=(0.693/0.0068)
=101.9 min
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What is the volume of kristas rock
Answer : The volume of kristas rock is 30 mL.
Explanation :
From the given image we conclude that:
Initial volume of liquid = 150 mL
Final volume of liquid = 180 mL
Now we have to determine the volume of kristas rock.
Volume of kristas rock = Final volume of liquid - Initial volume of liquid
Volume of kristas rock = 180 mL - 150 mL
Volume of kristas rock = 30 mL
Therefore, the volume of kristas rock is 30 mL.
A bird has a kinetic energy of 3 J and a potential energy of 25 J. What is the mechanical energy of the bird?
O 33, because mechanical energy is the same as kinetic energy
O 223, because mechanical energy is the difference of the potential energy and kinetic energy
O 25 J, because mechanical energy is the same as potential energy
O 28 J, because mechanical energy is the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy
Answer: 28
Explanation:
mechanial energy is the sum of potential and kinetic energy
What is the outcome of all chemical changes when two substances are combined?
A. A new substance forms with identical properties.
B. The two substances release an odor.
C. The two substances change color.
D. A new substance forms with different properties.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Because when you combine chemical substances they create a new substance unlike physical substances .
Answer:
D- A new substance forms with different properties
Explanation:
When a chemical change occurs, it causes the matter to form into a completely new substance. Because of this, the new substance will have different properties than the original substance. Options B and C are true for some chemical changes, but not all changes. Option A is incorrect because the substance has different properties than the original substance. Thus, Option D is correct.
- I took the quiz and got 100%
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What is the name of this nuclear process ?
Answer:
Fission
Explanation:
Which is true for a substance that releases energy?
A. The energy release decreases the molecular motion and the kinetic energy of the substance.
B. The energy release decreases the molecular motion but increases the kinetic energy of the substance.
C. The energy release increases the molecular motion and the kinetic energy of the substance.
D. The energy release increases the molecular motion but decreases the kinetic energy of the substance.
E. The energy release is used only to change the state of the substance.
can i get help with this dont really get it
Answer:
Number 2 is Direction
Explanation:
The old answer for number four was incorrect
I apologize for the inconvenience but I do not have an answer that fits in the lines for number 4
A student dissolves 0. 250 mol NaCl in 2. 05 kg H,O. What is the molality of the resulting solution?
To find the molality of the resulting solution, we need to calculate the number of moles of solute (NaCl) and the mass of the solvent (H2O).
Given:
Number of moles of NaCl (solute) = 0.250 mol
Mass of H2O (solvent) = 2.05 kg
Molality (m) is defined as the moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Therefore, we can use the following formula to calculate the molality:
molality (m) = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)
First, let's convert the mass of the solvent from kilograms to grams:
Mass of H2O = 2.05 kg * 1000 g/kg = 2050 g
Now we can calculate the molality:
molality (m) = 0.250 mol / 2.050 kg = 0.122 mol/kg
Therefore, the molality of the resulting solution is 0.122 mol/kg.
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Step 7:
If you wanted to defend the United States for not ratifying the Kyoto Protocol, would you present CO, emissions
data per country or per capita? Explain why.
Answer:
Yes, I would use CO emissions data and I would use data per ca pita.
Explanation:
If I wanted to defend the united states for not ratifying the Kyoto protocol I would use the CO emissions data to prove that most CO emissions have been reduced since the 1990s and to make it clearer and more accurate I would present it by per ca pita.
Please someone help me ASAP I'm confused.
click on the two groups that destabilize this conformation by steric strain. it helps to build a model of the molecule.
The two group that destabilize the conformation by steric or torsional strain are gauche and eclipsed.
Conformation is a spatial arrangement of the atom affording distinction between stereoisomers which can be interconvert by rotation about formally single bonds. Gauche is defined as relationship between two atoms or groups whose dihedral angle is more than 0° and less than 120°. Eclipsed conformation is defined as the angle between two atom or group is 0°
Gauche and eclipsed are two group of conformation which helps to build model of molecule by steric strain or torsional strain. Steric strain is strain in a molecule due to the non- bonded interaction of atom or groups that are in close proximity so that their electrons repel each other.
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The two group that destabilize the conformation by steric or torsional strain are gauche and eclipsed.
Conformation is a spatial arrangement of the atom affording distinction between stereoisomers which can be interconvert by rotation about formally single bonds. Gauche is defined as relationship between two atoms or groups whose dihedral angle is more than 0° and less than 120°. Eclipsed conformation is defined as the angle between two atom or group is 0°
Gauche and eclipsed are two group of conformation which helps to build model of molecule by steric strain or torsional strain. Steric strain is strain in a molecule due to the non- bonded interaction of atom or groups that are in close proximity so that their electrons repel each other.
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A sample of carbon-14 has been decaying for 22,920 years and is now 46.0 grams. what was the size of the original sample?
184 gm is the original sample weight of carbon.
The radioactive form of carbon is C-14 because of having too many neutrons and six protons, which makes it unstable.
The carbon decays through the beta process. The radioactive carbon decays by half every 5730 years.
According to the question,
years of decaying carbon = 22,920
After decaying, the weight of carbon is 46 g.
Because the original sample size is 5730 years, half of the carbon sample decays similarly.
22920/5730 = 4
It means 1/4 of the sample decays = 46.0 gm (given).
As we need to find the original sample, 4*46 = 184 gm.
Hence, the original sample of carbon will be 184 gm.
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.(a) If the length of a simple cubic unit cell is 0.36 nm, what is the atomic radius of each atom that composes it?
(b) If the length of a face centered cubic unit cell is 0.200 nm, what is the atomic radius of each atom that composes it? Note that atoms do not touch along the edge so the Pythagorean Theorem must be used.
(c) If the radius of one atom is 0.200 nm, what is the volume of one atom?
(a) The atomic radius of each atom in a simple cubic unit cell can be calculated using the formula:
Atomic radius = (Length of unit cell) / 2
Given that the length of the simple cubic unit cell is 0.36 nm, we can substitute this value into the formula:
Atomic radius = 0.36 nm / 2 = 0.18 nm
Therefore, the atomic radius of each atom in a simple cubic unit cell is 0.18 nm.
(b) In a face-centered cubic (FCC) unit cell, the atoms touch along the face diagonals. To calculate the atomic radius in an FCC unit cell, we need to consider the diagonal of the face. Using the Pythagorean theorem, we can determine the diagonal length:
Diagonal length = √2 * (Length of unit cell)
Given that the length of the face-centered cubic unit cell is 0.200 nm, we can substitute this value into the formula:
Diagonal length = √2 * 0.200 nm ≈ 0.2828 nm
Since atoms touch along the diagonal, the atomic radius is half of the diagonal length:
Atomic radius = Diagonal length / 2 = 0.2828 nm / 2 = 0.1414 nm
Therefore, the atomic radius of each atom in a face-centered cubic unit cell is approximately 0.1414 nm.
(c) The volume of a sphere can be calculated using the formula:
Volume of a sphere = \((4/3) * \pi * (radius)^3\)
Given that the radius of one atom is 0.200 nm, we can substitute this value into the formula:
Volume of one atom = \((4/3) * \pi * (0.200 nm)^3 = 0.03351 nm^3\)
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how can i find wavelength in a wave?
Wavelength (L) is calculated using: L = gT²/2π, here g=9.8 m/s2 and T is wave period in seconds.
What is wavelength?Wavelength of a wave describes how long the wave is and the distance from the "crest" (top) of one wave to the crest of next wave is called wavelength. We can also measure from the "trough" (bottom) of one wave to trough of next wave and get the same value for the wavelength.
We measure wavelength in following ways:
Use photometer to measure the energy of wave.
Convert energy into joules (J).
Divide energy by Planck's constant, 6.626 x 10⁻³⁴, to get the frequency of wave.
Divide speed of light, ~300,000,000 m/s, by frequency to get wavelength.
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The original conditions in a container filled with gas at constant temperature are 183 mL and 310 mmHg. The desired new volume is 90.6 mL. What pressure should be applied
The pressure of around 626.15 mmHg should be used to produce the needed new volume of 90.6 mL.
Thus, Boyle's Law, which says that the product of pressure and volume remains constant at constant temperature, may be used to determine the pressure that needs to be applied to obtain the required new volume: P1 * V1 = P2 * V2
P1 * V1 = P2 * V2; 310 mmHg * 183 mL = P2 * 90.6 mL is the formula to find P2. Simplifying: 56,730 mmHg mL = 90.6 mL * P2; (310 mmHg)(183 mL) = (P2)(90.6 mL). 56,730 mmHg mL / 90.6 mL = P2; 626.15 mmHg P2; divide both sides by 90.6 mL. Therefore, a pressure of around 626.15 mmHg should be used to produce the needed new volume of 90.6 mL.
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Which two of the following phrases describing the synthesis of amino acids are accurate?
1. Lysine is an essential amino acid and is synthesized in the human boy by the transamination of alpha-ketoglutarate.
2. Synthesis of the amino acid alanine involves reduction (that is, the precursor is reduced) its degradation involves oxidation
3. The carbon sources for nonessential amino acid synthesis include metabolic pathway intermediates and alpah-keto acids.
4. The synthesis of alanine from pyruvate, an alpah-keto acid, involves the oxidation of pyruvate.
5. The carboxyl groups of all the non essential amino acis are derived from glutamate.
2,5 are the two phrases describing the synthesis of amino acids are accurate.
Alpha-ketoglutarate is transaminated in the human body to produce lysine, an important amino acid. The precursor is reduced during the amino acid alanine's synthesis, and oxidation occurs during alanine's breakdown.
The precursor is reduced during the amino acid alanine's synthesis, while oxidation occurs during alanine's breakdown. Metabolic pathway intermediates and alpha-keto acids are the carbon sources for the production of non-essential amino acids.
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When mercury oxide is heated, it decomposes into mercury and oxygen. If 28.4 g of mercury oxide decomposes, producing 2.0 g of oxygen, what is the percent by mass of mercury in mercury oxide?
Answer:
93.0 % of mercury
Explanation:
28.4 g of mercury oxide - 2.0 g of oxygen= 26.4 g of mercury
(26.4 g/28.4 g)*100% = 93.0 % of mercury
Where would one find the s-block, p-block, d-block and f-block elements on the periodic table?
Answer:
You can find p-block elements on the periodic table in groups 13 to 18, you can find the s-block on the periodic table in group 1, Group 3 through Group 12 are d-block elements, and The f-block elements, found in the two rows at the bottom of the periodic table, are called inner transition metals and have valence electrons in the f-orbital's.
Explanation:
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what is the molarity of a solution prepared dissolving 317 g of CaCl2 into enough water to make 2.50 L of solution?
Answer:
1.14 M
Explanation:
Step 1: Calculate the moles corresponding to 317 g of calcium chloride (solute)
The molar mass of calcium chloride is 110.98 g/mol.
317 g CaCl₂ × 1 mol CaCl₂/110.98 g CaCl₂ = 2.86 mol CaCl₂
Step 2: Calculate the molarity of the solution
Molarity is equal to the moles of solute divided by the liters of solution.
M = moles of solute / liters of solution
M = 2.86 mol / 2.50 L = 1.14 mol/L = 1.14 M
phosphoric acid, h3po4(aq), is a triprotic acid, meaning that one molecule of the acid has three acidic protons. estimate the ph and the concentrations of all species in a 0.400 m phosphoric acid solution.
This implies that pH is 1.3566.
[H2PO4-] is same as [H+] and [H3PO4] = 0.4 - 4.4 * 10^-2 = 0.356.
What is pH?
Acids and bases can be measured using a pH scale. The scale has a range of 0 to 14. An indicator called Litmus paper is used to determine whether a substance is an acid or a base. The type of substance being tested is indicated by the colour of the paper, which corresponds to the pH scale's numbers. For instance, vinegar is an acid and has a pH of 2.4. Doctors and scientists typically concur that maintaining a healthy pH balance is important for your overall health. Your diet and beverage choices have an impact on your body's pH level and potential hydrogen content. The concentration of hydrogen ions is measured by pH. On a pH scale, this calculation is based.
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what which of the following dating methods will give you an approximate date range? group of answer choices potassium-argon dating thermoluminescence carbon-14 dating all of the above
Carbon-14 dating is a dating method that will give you an approximate date range. Potassium-argon dating and thermoluminescence are other dating methods that can give an accurate date.
There are different dating methods available to determine the age of a material, rock, or fossil. Some of the dating methods provide an accurate date of the material, while others offer an approximate date range. The dating method that provides an approximate date range is Carbon-14 dating.What is Carbon-14 dating?Carbon-14 dating, also known as radiocarbon dating, is a dating method used to determine the age of an object containing organic material. Carbon-14 dating works by measuring the amount of Carbon-14 (C-14) isotope present in the object. Carbon-14 is an unstable isotope of carbon that decays over time. The amount of Carbon-14 isotope present in the material decreases with time, and when the object dies, the Carbon-14 decays while the other isotopes remain in the object.Carbon-14 dating is used to date materials that are up to 50,000 years old. Carbon-14 dating provides an approximate date range because the method has a margin of error of about 100-200 years. Therefore, the method can only provide an approximate date range, not an exact date.How does Carbon-14 dating work?Carbon-14 dating works by measuring the amount of Carbon-14 (C-14) isotope present in the object. Carbon-14 is an unstable isotope of carbon that decays over time.
The amount of Carbon-14 isotope present in the material decreases with time, and when the object dies, the Carbon-14 decays while the other isotopes remain in the object.Carbon-14 dating can be used to date materials such as wood, bone, charcoal, shells, and other organic material. The method involves the following steps:Sample collection: The first step is to collect a sample of the material that contains organic material. The sample must be carefully selected to avoid contamination.Carbon-14 measurement: The next step is to measure the amount of Carbon-14 present in the material. This is done using a technique called accelerator mass spectrometry. The amount of Carbon-14 is measured in terms of the Carbon-14 to Carbon-12 ratio.Calibration: The final step is to calibrate the Carbon-14 measurement to determine the age of the material. This is done by comparing the Carbon-14 measurement with the known age of the material or the known age of an object that was found in the same layer as the material.
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Describe how the energy of a shear wave relates to the direction of particle motion.
Answer: Energy of a shear wave relates to the direction of a particle motion is downwards.
Explanation:
Answer:
Describe how the energy of a shear wave relates to the direction of particle motion.
Explanation:
name a lustrous non- metal ?
Answer:
it is iodine it seems very right
Finally we can calculate the final volume of the solutioWhat final volume will produce a solution in which [Cl–] = 0.233 M, using 3.61 g of CoCl3?
_______ L solutionn.
The final volume of solution in which [Cl–] = 0.233 M, using 3.61 g of CoCl3 219 L solution.
Thus, M, or moles/liter, is the sign for molarity. Additionally, chemists utilize square brackets to denote a reference to a substance's molarity. The molarity of the silver ion in solution, for instance, is shown by the formula [Ag+].
The most straightforward to calculate with but the most challenging to create in the lab are solution concentrations stated in molarity. When addressing chemical reactions in which a solute is a product or a reactant, such concentration units are helpful.
Then, in order to translate numbers in moles to amounts in grams, molar mass can be employed as a conversion factor. The terms "mol" and "L" in this statement stand for moles of solute.
Thus, The final volume of solution in which [Cl–] = 0.233 M, using 3.61 g of CoCl3 219 L solution.
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A thermodynamically-controlled process describes a reaction that ________.
A thermodynamically-controlled process describes a reaction that the most stable or more stable of two products is formed.
What is a thermodynamically-controlled process?A thermodynamically-controlled process is a reaction in which the ratio of the product formed is determined by the relative stability of the products.
Thermodynamic control ensures that the most stable or more stable of two products is formed.
Therefore, a thermodynamically-controlled process describes a reaction that the most stable or more stable of two products is formed.
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Select the single best answer.
Predict the pH (> 7, < 7, or = 7) of a LiHCO3 solution.
Answer:
LiHCO3 its PH >7
Explanation:
the real ph for it is 11.3 so it makes it more than 7
and if you know it is a conjugate base coming from the weak acid H2CO3 so LiHCO3 is a base
A sample contains 200 grams of iodine-131, which has a half-life of 8 days.
Write an expression for A to represent the amount of iodine-131 remaining in the sample after t days.
Answer:
The amount of a radioactive substance remaining after a certain period of time can be calculated using the formula for exponential decay, which is based on the half-life of the substance. The formula is:
A = A0 * (1/2)^(t/T)
where:
- A is the amount of the substance remaining after time t,
- A0 is the initial amount of the substance,
- t is the time that has passed, and
- T is the half-life of the substance.
In this case, we are given that A0 (the initial amount of iodine-131) is 200 grams, and T (the half-life of iodine-131) is 8 days. We want to find an expression for A, the amount of iodine-131 remaining after t days.
Substituting these values into the formula gives us:
A = 200 * (1/2)^(t/8)
This equation tells us that to find the amount of iodine-131 remaining after t days, we multiply 200 by one-half raised to the power of t divided by 8.
why should the wearing of uniforms be discontinued in highscho
An ecologist notices that an important coral reef is dying off. He believes that it has to do with some pollution from a local electric plant. What type of scientist might help him analyze the water for contamination?
IT'S EARTH SCIENCE NOT CHEM!!!!
A family is driving to a nearby city. If they traveled 224.4 miles for 3.3 hours how fast were they traveling?