What is the total amount of heat released in kilojoules when 112.0 g water at 50.0∘C cools to form ice at −45.0∘C? Use the following values for calculations, as needed.

Properties of Water−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−Specific Heats(∘C)gas=1.84 J/g∘Cliquid=4.184 J/g∘Csolid=2.09 J/g∘C
Heat of VaporizationΔHvap=40.7 kJ/molHeat of FusionΔHfus=6.01 kJ/mol

Answer:

Two positive aspects of using methane recapture systems are able to generate significant electricity. Another benefit is that the process of anaerobic digestion creates heat that can be used to warm buildings where animals are kept

Answer:  The correct answer is;

Two positive aspects of using methane recapture systems include lowering the impact on greenhouse gasses and the production of energy. Methane is a very potent greenhouse gas that is contributing to global warming. As a result, the recapturing process reduces the methane impacts of global warming by reclaiming and reusing the gas for other purposes. Recaptured methane can be stored and used to generate electricity or used as fuel to power updated vehicles and other engines on the farm. The overall benefits from this combination are reducing impacts causing global warming and lower the cost of electricity or fuel on the farm.

Explanation:  This answer has been confirmed correct.

When the water is used as the solvent, the leveling effect will prevent the presence of the acids stronger than H₃O⁺.

The Levelling effect of the particular solvent is used when to  compare  the acidic or the basic strength of the acids or the base. The water is called as the universal solvent . The any of the stronger acid than the H₃O⁺ can react with the water . Therefore, there is no acid which is stronger than the H₃O⁺ will be exist in the water solvent.

Thus, the presence of the stronger acid than the H₃O⁺ will prevent the levelling effect.

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Answer: 0.4375 mols of solute

Explanation:

The problem is asking for the amount of solute. We are given the value of molarity. The molarity is 0.25M. We know that molarity is \(M=\frac{mols of solute}{liters of solution}\). Since we are given the liters of solution is 1.75, we can use those values to solve for mols of solute.

\(0.25M=\frac{x}{1.75L}\)                        [multiply both sides by 1.75 L]

\(x=0.4375 mols\)

There are 0.4375 mols of solute.

Heat is added to ice at 0 °C. Explain why the temperature of the ice does not change. What does change?When heat is added to ice at 0°C, the temperature of the ice does not change. This happens because all the heat energy is used up in overcoming the intermolecular forces of attraction (hydrogen bonds) that exist between the water molecules in ice.

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Answer:

The correct answer is chemical change because both a color change and a solid formation were observed, which provide strong evidence of a new substance.

A physical change is a change in the state of a substance, such as a change from a solid to a liquid or a change from a liquid to a gas. A chemical change is a change in the composition of a substance, such as the formation of a new substance.

When potassium iodide and lead nitrate are mixed, a yellow precipitate forms. This precipitate is a new substance that was not present before the two substances were mixed. Therefore, the change that occurs when potassium iodide and lead nitrate are mixed is a chemical change.

The other answers are incorrect.

* Answer 1 is incorrect because the observation of a solid forming is not evidence of a state change. A state change is a change in the physical state of a substance, such as a change from a solid to a liquid or a change from a liquid to a gas. The formation of a precipitate is not a state change, but rather a chemical change.

* Answer 2 is incorrect because the color change of the mixture is evidence of a chemical change. When two substances are mixed and a new substance is formed, the new substance may have a different color than the original substances.

* Answer 3 is incorrect because the statement "two substances were mixed, which always results in the formation of a new substance" is not always true. For example, if you mix two different types of liquids, you may not get a new substance. Instead, you may just get a mixture of the two liquids.

The reaction between potassium iodide and lead nitrate results in a chemical change because a color change and solid formation, indicative of a new substance, are observed.

When potassium iodide and lead nitrate are mixed, there is a chemical change that takes place. This is because both a color change and a solid formation were observed, which provide strong evidence of a new substance. In this reaction, two new compounds are formed - lead iodide and potassium nitrate - which is a clear indication of a chemical change. This process is not easily reversible, further supporting it being a chemical change.

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Answer:

20 mole of co2

Explanation:

I hope this helps

The Van't Hoff Factor for HCl is the ratio of the concentration of particles in a solution to the concentration of molecules, the Van't Hoff Factor for HCl is 1.06/0.56 = 1.89. The van't Hoff factor is practically 1 for the mass of non-electrolytes dissolved in water.

Molecules are the smallest possible units of a substance that still maintain the properties of that substance. Molecules are made up of atoms, which are the smallest particles of an element that can be identified and measured. Molecules can exist as part of a larger substance, or independently. Depending on the structure of the molecules, substances may have different properties, such as boiling and melting points, solubility, and reactivity. Molecules can also interact with other molecules. For example, water molecules are made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, and interact with other molecules in the environment. Molecules are essential for all living organisms, as they are the building blocks of all living things, including proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.

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When the molecules shown are vaporized, the speed of molecule A will be greatest because of its relatively small size.

When a molecule is vaporized, its size can affect its speed in a couple of ways. The speed of a molecule is related to its kinetic energy, which is influenced by factors such as temperature and mass.

When comparing two molecules that have been vaporized at the same temperature, the smaller molecule will tend to have a higher speed than the larger molecule.

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they both refract white light.

Answer:

They both reflect white light.

Explanation:

How raindrops and prism are similar?

Raindrops and prisms are similar because they both cause light to bend when it enters a prism or raindrop. When light enters a raindrop it causes the light to bend (refract) and separates the white lights into different wavelengths, allowing us to see the individual colors of the rainbow.

1: 10 mol CO2

2: C10H24

3: 12 mol H2O

4: 0.5 mol

5: 16 mol O2

The compound is C5H10.

From the information  available in the question;

Number of moles of carbon dioxide = 440.00 g/44 g/mol = 10 moles

Number of moles of water vapor = 216.00 g/18 g/mol = 12 moles

Mass of carbon = 10 moles × 12 g/mol = 120 g of carbon

Moles of hydrogen = 12 moles  × 2 g/mol = 24 g of hydrogen

Number of moles of carbon = 120 g/12 g/mol = 10 moles

Number of moles of hydrogen = 24 g/1 g/mol =24 moles

Divide through by the lowest number of moles =

C - 10/10   H - 24/10

C - 1          H - 2

The empirical formula is CH2

Molar mass of the compound = 72 g/mol

[12 + 2(1)]n = 72

14n = 72

n = 5

The compound is C5H10.

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An error during DNA replication would create a gene mutation.

During DNA replication, the genetic information in a cell is copied to make new DNA molecules. However, mistakes can occur during this process, leading to changes in the DNA sequence, which can result in a mutation. Mutations can also be caused by exposure to environmental factors, such as radiation or chemicals, which can damage the DNA molecule directly or affect the cellular processes involved in DNA replication.

Mutations can have a variety of effects on the organism, ranging from no effect to causing serious health problems or even death. Gene mutations can also be inherited from a parent, which can result in genetic disorders or predisposition to certain diseases. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms of gene mutations and their potential impacts on organisms.

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Answer:

a.

Explanation:

One double bond.

For example ethene CH2=CH2

Algal blooms and high concentrations of nitrogen in water are effects of water pollution. Overgrazing and the use of chemical fertilizers cause water pollution.

Algal blooms are an effect of water pollution. They occur when there is an excessive amount of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, in the water due to pollution. The overgrowth of algae depletes the oxygen levels in the water, which can harm fish and other aquatic animals.

Overgrazing can cause water pollution by increasing the sedimentation rate of waterways. This sedimentation can carry nutrients, bacteria, and other pollutants into the water, which can degrade water quality and cause harm to aquatic life.

The use of chemical fertilizers to enhance production is a cause of water pollution. When fertilizer is overused, it can leach into waterways and cause nutrient pollution, which can lead to algal blooms and other forms of water pollution.

High concentrations of nitrogen in water are often an effect of water pollution. This can be caused by the overuse of fertilizers or the discharge of untreated sewage into waterways. High nitrogen levels can cause algal blooms, which can lead to oxygen depletion and harm aquatic life.

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Answer:

Cause:

: : use of chemical fertilizers to enhance production

: : overgrazing

Effect:

: : high concentration of nitrogen in water

: : algal blooms

Hope this helps ;)

The chemical equation for the reaction 2H⁺(aq) + S₂⁻(aq) → H₂S(g) can be represented as 2H⁺(aq) + S₂⁻(aq) → H₂S(g).

A chemical equation uses symbols and formulas to express a chemical reaction. It displays the products on the right side of the arrow and the reactants on the left.

For example, in the chemical equation

2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(l),

represents the reaction between hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O₂) to produce liquid water (H₂O). The coefficient "2" in front of H₂ and H₂O indicates that two molecules of hydrogen gas and two molecules of water are involved in the reaction.

The equation is balanced using coefficients to make sure that each element has the same amount of atoms on both sides. The substances involved in the reaction and their stoichiometric relationship are described by chemical equations.

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The partial pressure of H₂, given that the vapor pressure of water is 17.5 torr and total pressure of the gases is 750 torr, is 732.5 torr

The partial pressure of dry gas is given by the following formula:

Total pressure = Partial pressure of dry gas + pressure of wet gas

From the question given above, the following data were obtained as follow:

The partial pressure of H₂ gas can be obtained as follow:

Total pressure = Partial pressure of dry gas + pressure of wet gas

750 = Partial pressure of H₂ + 17.5

Collect like terms

Partial pressure of H₂ = 750 - 17.5

Partial pressure of H₂ = 732.5 torr

Thus, we can conclude that the partial pressure of H₂ is 732.5 torr

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The molar concentration of Pb+ in a solution that contains 6.73 ppm of Pb(NO3)2 is 2.031 × 10⁻⁵

The molar concentration refers to the molarity of a solution which can be defined as the number of moles of a compound that is present in the solution (usually a 1-liter solution)

Mathematically,

the number of moles = \(\mathbf{\dfrac{mass}{molar \ volume }}\)

From the information given:

Under standard conditions;

∴

The number of moles of Pb(NO3)2 = \(\mathbf{\dfrac{0.00673 \ g}{331.22 \ g/mol}}\)

The number of moles of Pb(NO3)2 = 2.031 × 10⁻⁵ mole

Now, the molarity(molar concentration) of the Pb+ in Pb(NO3)2 is:

\(\mathbf{=\dfrac{2.305\times 10^{-5}}{1} }\)

= 2.031 × 10⁻⁵

Therefore, we can conclude that the molar concentration of Pb+ in a solution that contains 6.73 ppm of Pb(NO3)2 is 2.031 × 10⁻⁵

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Better temperatures can growth the quantity of water vapor withinside the air, that could growth the probability of precipitation.

Different factors, inclusive of air pressure, wind, and atmospheric instability, additionally play a function withinside the formation of rain, and the connection among temperature and precipitation may be complicated. The temperature of atmospheric gases could have a substantial effect at the manufacturing of rain. The environment is a complicated device that performs a vital function with inside the Earth`s water cycle, which incorporates the system of precipitation, inclusive of rain. Precipitation takes place while water vapor with inside the air condenses into liquid droplets or ice crystals, which fall to the floor as rain, snow, or hail. The temperature of the environment impacts the quantity of water vapor that the air can preserve. As temperature increases, the air can preserve extra water vapor, that could cause better tiers of humidity. When the air will become saturated with water vapor, it reaches its dew point, and the extra water vapor condenses into liquid droplets or ice crystals, that could shape clouds and subsequently precipitation. In addition, international warming, that's inflicting an growth in atmospheric temperatures, can cause modifications in precipitation styles and extra severe climate events. Understanding the connection among temperature and precipitation is vital for predicting and mitigating the affects of weather change.

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The mass, in kilograms, of aluminum sulfate required to produce 35.85 kilograms of lead (IV) sulfate would be 13.48 kilograms.

The equation of the reaction is as follows:

\(3Pb(CH_3COO)_2 + Al_2(SO_4)_3 -- > 3Pb(SO_4) + 2Al(CH_3COO)_3\)

Mole ratio of aluminum sulfate and lead (IV) sulfate = 1:3

Mole of 35.85 kilograms of lead (IV) sulfate = 35.85x1000/303.26 = 118.2154 moles.

Equivalent moles of aluminum sulfate = 118.2154/3 = 39.41 moles

Mass of 39.41 moles of aluminum sulfate = 39.41 x 342.15 = 13484 grams

13484 grams = 13484/1000 = 13.48 kg

In other words, the mass of aluminum sulfate required to produce 35.85 kilograms of leave (IV) sulfate is 13.48 kilograms.

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Nadia will take 8 seconds to reach her friend's house.

Speed is the measure of the distance traveled by an object per unit of time. It is a scalar quantity and is typically expressed in units such as meters per second (m/s), miles per hour (mph), or kilometers per hour (km/h).

To calculate the time Nadia will take to reach her friend's house, we can use the formula;

time = distance / speed

where distance is the amount of space traveled by an object, and time is the duration of travel.

Put the values given in the problem, we have:

time = 24 meters / 3 m/s

time = 8 seconds

Therefore, Nadia will take 8 seconds.

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The maximum mass of water that can be produced by the reaction is 43.3 g, rounded to three significant figures.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between butane and oxygen is:

C4H10 + 13/2 O2 → 4 CO2 + 5 H2O

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of butane reacts with 13/2 moles of oxygen to produce 5 moles of water.

moles of butane = 34. g / 58.12 g/mol = 0.585 mol

moles of oxygen = 200. g / 32.00 g/mol = 6.25 mol

Determining the limiting reactant.

butane : oxygen = 0.585 mol : 6.25 mol

= 0.0936 : 1.00

stoichiometric ratio = 1 : 13/2

= 0.7692 : 1.00

Since the actual ratio is lower than the stoichiometric ratio for oxygen, it is the limiting reactant.

The maximum amount of water that can be produced is determined by the amount of limiting reactant (oxygen).

moles of water = 5/13 * 6.25 mol

= 2.403 mol

Finally, we can convert the moles of water to grams:

mass of water = 2.403 mol * 18.015 g/mol

= 43.3 g

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The name of the salt tells us that:

a) there is just one other element combined with the metal by looking at the suffix of the salt's name.

b) the presence of oxygen in a salt can be indicated by the name of the salt.

a) The name of a salt can tell us that there is just one other element combined with the metal by looking at the suffix of the salt's name. If the salt name ends in "-ide," it indicates that the salt is composed of a metal and a single non-metal element.
For example, sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium bromide (KBr) are salts where the metal (sodium and potassium) is combined with a single non-metal element (chlorine and bromine, respectively). The "-ide" suffix suggests the presence of only one other element in the salt.

b) The presence of oxygen in a salt can be indicated by the name of the salt. If the salt name includes the element oxygen, it suggests that oxygen is present in the salt compound.
For example, sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) and calcium sulfate (CaSO₄) contain the element oxygen in their chemical formulas. The presence of oxygen in the salt is implied by the name and the combination of elements in the compound.

Therefore, the name of salt tells us that there is just one other element combined with the metal and there is oxygen present in the salt

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These substances have dispersed particles that are large enough to scatter light, making the beam visible. Therefore, out of the options provided, a mixture that scatters light is an example of a colloid. Option B)

A colloid is a type of mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout a medium, creating a homogeneous appearance. Unlike solutions, where the particles are completely dissolved, and suspensions, where the particles settle out, colloids have particles that are larger than those in solutions but smaller than those in suspensions. One characteristic of colloids is that they can scatter light due to the size of the particles. This scattering of light is known as the Tyndall effect. Examples of colloids include milk, fog, and aerosol sprays. These substances have dispersed particles that are large enough to scatter light, making the beam visible. Therefore, out of the options provided, a mixture that scatters light is an example of a colloid. Therefore option B) is correct

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Note Complete Question

which is an example of a colloid?

a mixture that settles out,

b mixture that scatters light,

c mixture that is separated by filtration,  

d salt and water mixture?

Answer:

p= 1

e= 1

n= 0

predicted charge= +1

name of ion= Hydride

Answer:

40,113 years

Explanation:

To find the age of the sample, you need to use the half-life formula:

\(N(t)=N_0(\frac{1}{2})^{t/h\)

In this formula:

------> N(t) = current mass (g)

------> N₀ = initial mass (g)

------> t = time passed (yrs)

------> h = half-life (yrs)

You can plug the given values into the equation and rearrange the formula to find "t".

N(t) = 0.781 g                       t = ? yrs

N₀ = 100 g                           h = 5730 yrs

\(N(t)=N_0(\frac{1}{2})^{t/h\)                                           <----- Half-life formula

\(0.781=100(\frac{1}{2})^{t/5730}\)                                     <----- Insert values

\(0.00781=(\frac{1}{2})^{t/5730}\)                                       <----- Divide both sides by 100

\(log_{1/2}(0.00781)=log_{1/2}((\frac{1}{2})^ {t/5730})\)               <----- Take \(log_{1/2}\) of both sides

\(7.00 = \frac{t}{5730}\)                                                   <----- Solve \(log_{1/2}\)

\(40,113 = t\)                                                   <----- Multiply both sides by 5730

The given sample is 40,113 years .

Half-life, in radioactivity, is the interval of time required for one-half of the atomic nuclei of a radioactive sample to decay.

Half-life formula,

\(\rm N(t)\;=N_0(\dfrac{1}{2})^\frac{t}{t1/2}\)   .......(1)

where,

N(t)=current mass

N₀=initial mass

t=time period

h=half -life

Given,

N(t)=0.781g, t=? yrs, N₀=100g, h=5730 years

\(\rm N(t)\;=N_0(\dfrac{1}{2})^\frac{t}{t1/2}\)

put the values, in ......(1)

0.781=100(1/2) \(t/5730\\\)

log₁/₂(0.00781)=log₁/₂ ( 1/2)\(t/5730\)

7=t/5730

40,113=t

Hence, the given sample is 40,113 years .

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Answer

50.6 kJ

Explanation

According to the given equation:

2NaHCO3 (s) + 85 kJ --> Na2CO3 (s) + H2O (I) + CO2 (g)

85 kJ of heat decomposed 2 moles of NaHCO3

1 mole of NaHCO3 = 84.007 g/mol

2 moles of NaHCO3 = (2 x 84.007) = 168.014 grams

So if 168.014 grams NaHCO3 required 85 kJ

100.0 grams NaHCO3 will require

Therefore, the heat required to decompose 100.0 grams of NaHCO3 is 50.6 kJ

Answer:

good luck tho

Explanation:

Answer:

Independent Variable: Number of Coils Wrapped Around

Dependent Variable: Number of Paperclips Magnet Picks Up

Possible Research Question: How does the number of wire wraps affect the strength of an electromagnet?

Trends noticed in the data: As the number of wire wraps (coils) around the nail increases, the magnetic strength of the electromagnet also increases. There is a positive correlation between the number of wire wraps and the number of paper clips the magnet picks up.

Claim based on the data: The magnetic strength of an electromagnet increases as the number of wire wraps (coils) around the nail increases.

Evidence from the chart or graph supporting the claim: The graph shows that as the number of wire wraps increases from 4 to 12, the number of paper clips the magnet picks up also increases from 6 to 25. This suggests a positive correlation between the two variables.