what minimum external pressure p1 must be applied to the solid if a melting phase transition is to be observed?

Answer:

Explanation: When the Moon passes between Sun and Earth, the lunar shadow is seen as a solar eclipse on Earth. When Earth passes directly between Sun and Moon, its shadow creates a lunar eclipse. Lunar eclipses can only happen when the Moon is opposite the Sun in the sky, a monthly occurrence we know as a full Moon. Hope this helps and u have a good day <3

\(\tt =3000~L\times \dfrac{289}{312}\times \dfrac{99}{45.5}\)

Given

3000 L of gas at 39°C and 99 kPa to 45.5 kPa and 16°C,

Required

the new volume

Solution

Combined with Boyle's law and Gay Lussac's law  

\(\tt \dfrac{P_1.V_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2.V_2}{T_2}\)

T₁ = 39 + 273 = 312

T₂ = 16 + 273 = 289

Input the value :

V₂ = (P₁V₁.T₂)/(P₂.T₁)

V₂ = (99 x 3000 x 289)/(45.5 x 312)

or we can write it as:

V₂ = 3000 L x (289/312) x (99/45.5)

The reaction between tin (II) oxalate and lithium chloride is that it forms tin (II) chloride and lithium oxalate, which are the products of the reaction. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is  SnC₂O₄ + 2 LiCl → SnCl₂ + Li₂C₂O4.

Tin (II) oxalate reacts with lithium chloride to form a precipitate of tin (II) chloride and lithium oxalate. The reaction between tin (II) oxalate and lithium chloride is given below.

SnC₂O₄ + 2 LiCl → SnCl₂ + Li₂C₂O4

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:

SnC₂O₄ + 2 LiCl → SnCl₂ + Li₂C₂O4 .

SnC₂O₄ is tin (II) oxalate, while LiCl is lithium chloride.

SnCl₂ is tin (II) chloride, while Li₂C₂O4 is lithium oxalate.The products of the reaction between tin (II) oxalate and lithium chloride are tin (II) chloride and lithium oxalate. Tin (II) chloride is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water, whereas lithium oxalate is a white solid that is insoluble in water.The reaction between tin (II) oxalate and lithium chloride is a double displacement reaction, which is also known as a metathesis reaction. When a double displacement reaction takes place, two compounds exchange their cations and anions, resulting in the formation of two new compounds.

The reaction is a double displacement reaction or metathesis reaction where two compounds exchange their cations and anions to form two new compounds.

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Answer:

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA; PL 94-580), the major federal law on waste disposal, was passed in 1976. Its primary goal was to "protect human health and the environment from the potential hazards of waste disposal." RCRA is also concerned with reducing the amount of waste generated, ensuring that wastes are managed properly, and conserving natural resources and energy. The RCRA regulates solid waste, hazardous waste, and underground storage tanks

Explanation:

Explanation:

carbon -11 is aradioctive istope of carbon that decay to boron -11 this decay mainly occurs due to positron emission with around 0.19-0.23% od decay instead occuring by electron capture. it has half life of 20.364 minutes.

The substitution product that is suppose to be favoured is The product with retention of configuration is expected to predominate slightly, because the leaving group blocks the nucleophile.

Substitution product is a product that is gotten from a reaction in which a group of reactant is replaced by another group in the reaction.

Therefore,The substitution product that is suppose to be favoured is The product with retention of configuration is expected to predominate slightly, because the leaving group blocks the nucleophile.

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Answer:

The only reason wood floats is because it is less dense and has big openings and gaps which allows air in.

Wood that sinks has very tiny openings. The ratio between weight and volume is called density. An object that is less dense than water can be held up by water, and so it floats.

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The molarity of the strong acid is 0.21 M.

Recall that a strong acid is an acid that is able to ionize completely in solution. So we now know that If we have an acid that can be able to break up in solution to give us the hydrogen ions and the hydroxide ions then what we have is a strong acid. On the other hand, a weak acid is an acid that is unable to ionize completely when it is in solution.

Having gotten our definitions right, we know that;

CA = molarity of the acid

CB = molarity of the base

VA = volume of the acid

VB = volume of the base

NA = number of moles of the acid

NB = number of moles of the base.

Given what we now have here;

CAVA/CBVB = NA/NB

CAVANB = CBVBNA

CA = CBVBNA/VANB

CA = 0.250 * 12.80 * 1/ 15.00 * 1

CA = 0.21 M

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Answer:

²⁰²Hg₈₀ ----> ²⁰²Tl₈₁ + ⁰₋₁e

Explanation:

The radioactive decay of the atom of an element by the emission of a beta-particle is equivalent to the splitting of a neutron in the nucleus of the radioactive element into an electron and a proton. The proton is retained by the nucleus whereas the electron is emitted as a beta-particle. This retention of the proton results in an increase of the atomic number by 1. A beta-particle is an electron. The electron is a very light particle and its loss makes no significant change in the mass number of the atom involved.

The beta decay of Hg-202 results in an increase of the atomic number from 8-0 to 81. Hence, Hg-202 is transformed to Tl-202. the balanced nuclear equation is given below:

²⁰²Hg₈₀ ----> ²⁰²Tl₈₁ + ⁰₋₁e

Answer:

Aluminum is highly reactive

Explanation:

Chemical property is defined as the property in which chemical composition of the substance changes.

For example, reactivity, oxidation state, inflammability etc are all chemical properties.

Therefore, we can conclude that out of the given options, Aluminum is highly reactive depict a chemical property of aluminum.

Metallic elements exist in a solid-state and they are opaque, have a shiny surface, good conductors of electricity and heat, malleable and ductile, and are dense. The structure of metals is formed by atoms that are held together by metallic bonds. These atoms have loosely bound valence electrons that can be shared between the neighboring atoms.

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Answer:

1: London Dispersion Forces. Iodine molecules are non polar, so they do not have dipole-dipole attractions or hydrogen bonding.

2. Hydrogen bonding. Water contains hydrogen atoms bonded to the highly electronegative oxygen atom, thus resulting in the hydrogen atoms being highly polarized. This causes hydrogen bonding.

3. Electrostatic attraction (ion-ion). Because NaI is an ionic compound, the \(Na^+\) ions within its lattice are attracted to the negatively charged \(I^-\) ions.

4. London Dispersion Forces. Because carbon and hydrogen do not differ greatly in electronegativity, \(C_1_6H_3_2\) is considered to be non polar and thus does not have hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole attractions.

Answer: a substance

Explanation:

A molecule is the smallest part of a substance

a) The balanced reaction equation is; \(2H_{2} O_{2} ----- > 2H_{2} O + O_{2}\)

b) The partial pressure of oxygen is 742.5 torr

c) The number of moles of oxygen gas produced is 0.0144 moles

d) The percentage of the hydrogen peroxide is 6%

We know that we can be able to use the information that have been provided to obtain the number of moles of the oxygen gas.

We now have to write the balanced reaction equation as follows; \(2H_{2} O_{2} ----- > 2H_{2} O + O_{2}\)

Now;

2 moles of hydrogen peroxide produces 1 mole of oxygen

0.24 moles of hydrogen peroxide produces 0.24 moles * 1 mole /

= 0.12 moles

Volume of the gas produced = 176.23 mL or 0.17623 L

Partial pressure of oxygen gas  produced = 761.4 torr - 18.9 torr = 742.5 torr or 0.98 atm

Temperature of the gas = 21.2oC + 273 = 294.1 K

Number of moles of the oxygen gas is obtained from;

PV = nRT

n =PV/RT

n = 0.98 * 0.17623 L/0.082 * 294.1

n = 0.173/24.1

n = 0.0072 moles

Since 2 moles of hydrogen peroxide produces 1 mole of oxygen

x moles of hydrogen peroxide produces 0.0072 moles of oxygen

x = 2 moles * 0.0072 moles/ 1 mole

= 0.0144 moles

Mass of the hydrogen peroxide =

0.0144 moles * 34 g/mol

= 0.49 g

Percentage of hydrogen peroxide in the sample = 0.49 g/8.15 g * 100/1

= 6%

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The mass percent composition of nitrogen in acetaminophen is 9.26 %.

The mass percent composition of an element is the percentage of the ratio of the molar mass of that element to the molar mass of the entire compound. Acetaminophen represented as C8H9NO2 is a drug that is used as a pain reliever.

First, we will calculate the molar mass of this compound. For this, we should know the mass of each element present in the compound.

mass of C = 12, mass of H = 1, mas of N = 14, mass of  O = 16.

Now, we will calculate the molar mass of acetaminophen

= 12*8+ 1*9+14*1+16*2

=  151 g

Now, we have to calculate the mass percent composition of Nitrogen.

The molar mass of nitrogen = 14g

The molar mass of the entire compound =  151 grams.

Mass percent composition of N =  (mm of N ÷ mm of C8H9NO2) ×100

=  (14/151) × 100 =  0.0926 × 100

= 9.26 %

Therefore, the mass percent composition of nitrogen in acetaminophen (C8H9N02) is 9.26%.

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The correct answer is:

B) Na⁺; Ca²⁺ for influx of ions.

An influx action potential that enters a presynaptic terminal activates Ca2+ channels and momentarily raises the local Ca2+ concentration in the presynaptic active zone. After activating synaptotagmins Ca2+, neurotransmitter release occurs within a few hundred microseconds. Through the interaction of their C2-domains with phospholipids and SNARE proteins, synaptotagmins' two C2-domains bind Ca2+ and translate the Ca2+ signal into a nanomechanical activation of the membrane fusion machinery. Synaptotagmins cannot initiate exocytosis on their own; instead, they need a necessary cofactor known as complexin, a tiny protein that binds to SNARE complexes and simultaneously activates and clamps the SNARE complexes, setting them up for later synaptotagmin action.

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Answer:

Is the letter C

Explanation:

You have to divide the mass with the volume

You can treat 20 patients with the 100 aliquots you have prepared.

10 mg of Tobramycin per aliquot

100 aliquots will be prepared

To calculate the total amount of Tobramycin needed to make 100 aliquots:

Total Tobramycin = 10 mg/aliquot * 100 aliquots = 1000 mg

To calculate the volume of Tobramycin needed, assuming a concentration of 20 mg/mL:

Volume of Tobramycin = Total Tobramycin / Concentration = 1000 mg / 20 mg/mL = 50 mL

To calculate the volume of sterile water needed to make 100 aliquots:

Volume of sterile water = Volume of Tobramycin * (100 aliquots / 100) = 50 mL * (100/100) = 50 mL

Therefore, you would need 50 mL of Tobramycin and 50 mL of sterile water to make 100 aliquots.

Since each patient is treated with one aliquot for 5 days, and you have 100 aliquots:

Number of patients = Number of aliquots / Aliquots per patient = 100 aliquots / 5 aliquots per patient = 20 patients

Therefore, you can treat 20 patients with the 100 aliquots you have prepared.10 mg of Tobramycin per aliquot

100 aliquots will be prepared

To calculate the total amount of Tobramycin needed to make 100 aliquots:

Total Tobramycin = 10 mg/aliquot * 100 aliquots = 1000 mg

To calculate the volume of Tobramycin needed, assuming a concentration of 20 mg/mL:

Volume of Tobramycin = Total Tobramycin / Concentration = 1000 mg / 20 mg/mL = 50 mL

To calculate the volume of sterile water needed to make 100 aliquots:

Volume of sterile water = Volume of Tobramycin * (100 aliquots / 100) = 50 mL * (100/100) = 50 mL

Therefore, you would need 50 mL of Tobramycin and 50 mL of sterile water to make 100 aliquots.

Since each patient is treated with one aliquot for 5 days, and you have 100 aliquots:

Number of patients = Number of aliquots / Aliquots per patient = 100 aliquots / 5 aliquots per patient = 20 patients

Therefore, you can treat 20 patients with the 100 aliquots you have prepared.

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The activation energy of a reaction is ~ 69KJ/mol, at the given temperature.

The smallest additional amount of energy that a reactive molecule needs in order to transform into a product is known as activation energy. The minimal amount of energy required to activate or energize molecules or atoms so that they can engage in a chemical reaction or transformation is another way to put it.

The concept of temperature is used to convey quantitatively how hot and cold something is. Using a thermometer, one can measure, temperature.

Calculations:

Given,

K2 = 100K1

T1 = 300

T2 = 360

Now,

We know that,

ln K2/K1 = Ea/R * {(1/T1) - (1/T2)}

ln 100K1/K1 = Ea/R * {(1/300) - (1/360)}

Ea= ln 100K1/K1 * R/{(1/300) - (1/360)}

Ea ~ 69KJ/mol.

Hence, the activation energy of a reaction is ~ 69KJ/mol, at the given temperature.

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Volume is the amount of space taken up by an object

The instrument used to measure liquid volume is called a graduated cylinder.

The formula used to calculate the volume of a solid object such as a rectangular prism is: V =  length, *  width * height

Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or object occupies. It is typically measured in units such as liters, cubic meters, gallons, or cubic feet.

The instrument used to measure liquid volume is called a graduated cylinder. It is a cylindrical tube made of glass or plastic, with volume markings along its length that allow for the accurate measurement of liquids.

The formula used to calculate the volume of a solid object depends on its shape. Here are some common formulas for finding the volume of different types of solid objects:

Cube: V = s³ (where s is the length of one side of the cube)

Rectangular prism: V =  length, *  width * height

Sphere: V = 4/3πr³ (where r is the radius of the sphere)

Cylinder: V = πr^2h (where r is the radius of the cylinder and h is its height)

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C. Under these conditions, hydrogen / ethanol will release more energy in 1 second is the correct answer.

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Based on the tabulated data, compound B represents B) a metallic compound. Hence, option B) a metallic compound is the correct answer.

Characteristics of metals are:

Because electrons are mobile in metallic solids , they are good conductors of heat and electricity. Metallic solids are also malleable and ductile due to the ability of the metal nuclei to move past each other without disrupting the bonding.

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Answer:an ionic compound

Explanation:

Answer:

B, Pure substance

Explanation:

Water, is a pure substance, a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen. Although water is the most abundant substance on earth, it is rarely found naturally in its pure form. Most of the time, pure water has to be created. Pure water is called distilled water.

Using the percentage by volume of the solutions given, we can calculate that we require 216 mL of 100% alcohol and 384 mL of 50% alcohol.

The percentages given refer to the percentage by volume (%V). We need to make 600 mL of 68% alcohol solution, by mixing a certain volume of 50% solution (A) and a certain volume of 100% alcohol (B). So, we know that:

A + B = 600 mL

We also know that the total volume of alcohol in the end solution needs to be:

0.68 * 600 mL = 408 mL

So, by extension:

0.50 * A + B = 408 mL

Based on the first equation, we can say that:

A = 600 mL - B

If we use that A in the second equation we get:

0.50 * (600 mL - B) + B = 408 mL

300 mL - 0.50 B + B = 408 mL

If we rearrange this equation we get:

B - 0.50 * B = 408 mL - 300 mL

0.50 * B = 108 mL

B = 108 mL / 0.50

B = 216 mL

A = 600 mL - 216 mL = 384 mL

So, we need 216 mL of 100% alcohol and 384 mL of 50% alcohol solution to get 600 mL of 68% alcohol solution.

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Answer:216 ml

Explanation: I got it right

Answer:

Activation energy, in chemistry, the minimum amount of energy that is required to activate atoms or molecules to a condition in which they can undergo chemical transformation or physical transport.

Explanation:

Answer:

true

Explanation:

Hi! Solubility of materials in water depends on several factors, including polarity, intermolecular forces, and lattice energy. Here's an explanation with the terms you've requested:

1. Polarity: Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a positive and negative end due to uneven distribution of electrons. Polar substances dissolve well in water (like dissolves like). Molecular solids with polar molecules will generally be soluble in water.

2. Intermolecular forces: There are various intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. Solids with intermolecular forces that are compatible with water's polarity will dissolve more readily.

3. Lattice energy: Molecular solids have a lattice structure, and the energy required to break this lattice determines their solubility. If the energy gained from solvation (interaction with water molecules) is greater than the lattice energy, the solid will dissolve.

Petroleum is insoluble in water because it is nonpolar and mostly consists of hydrocarbon molecules. These molecules have weak London dispersion forces and are not attracted to water's polar nature. Consequently, petroleum doesn't dissolve in water.

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When the original solution of KNO3 is cooled to 15°C, a certain amount of KNO3 will settle to the bottom of the beaker. To determine the total mass of KNO3 that settles, several factors need to be considered, such as the solubility of KNO3 at different temperatures, the initial concentration of KNO3 in the solution, and the volume of the solution. By taking these factors into account, the total mass of KNO3 that settles can be calculated using appropriate equations.

The solubility of KNO3, which is the maximum amount of KNO3 that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent, is temperature-dependent. As the temperature decreases, the solubility of KNO3 decreases. Therefore, when the solution is cooled to 15°C, some of the KNO3 will no longer remain in the dissolved state and will start to precipitate or settle at the bottom of the beaker.

To determine the total mass of KNO3 that settles, several factors need to be considered. Firstly, the initial concentration of KNO3 in the solution is important. It determines the amount of KNO3 present in the solution before cooling. Secondly, the volume of the solution also plays a role, as it affects the total amount of KNO3 that can be dissolved. Finally, the solubility of KNO3 at 15°C needs to be known.

To calculate the mass of KNO3 that settles, the amount of KNO3 remaining in the solution at 15°C needs to be determined. This can be done by subtracting the solubility of KNO3 at 15°C from the initial concentration of KNO3 in the solution. The difference represents the amount of KNO3 that has precipitated and settled. Multiplying this difference by the volume of the solution gives the total mass of KNO3 that settles to the bottom of the beaker when the solution is cooled to 15°C.

It's important to note that this calculation assumes ideal conditions and that other factors, such as impurities or the presence of other substances, may affect the solubility and precipitation of KNO3. Additionally, accurate solubility data at the specific temperature of 15°C should be consulted for precise calculations.

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