When light reflects on a smooth surface it undergoes a change in?A. SpeedB. WavelengthC. FrequencyD. All of the aboveE. neither of the above

\(\sf{\pink{\underline{\underline{\blue{GIVEN:-}}}}}\)

\(\sf{\pink{\underline{\underline{\blue{TO\: FIND:-}}}}}\)

\(\sf{\pink{\underline{\underline{\blue{SOLUTION:-}}}}}\)

⚡ Let \(\rm{\vec{a}}\) and \(\rm{\vec{b}}\) are the two vectors .

✍️ We have know that,

\(\orange\bigstar\:\rm{\pink{\boxed{\green{\vec{a}\:.\:\vec{b}\:=\:ab\cos{\theta}\:}}}}\)

Where,

\(\rm{\implies\:\vec{a}\:.\:\vec{b}\:=\:ab\cos{90^{\degree}}\:}\)

\(\rm{\implies\:\vec{a}\:.\:\vec{b}\:=\:ab\times{0}\:}\)

\(\rm{\implies\:\vec{a}\:.\:\vec{b}\:=\:0\:}\)

\(\rm{\red{\therefore}}\) [1] The dot product of two vectors is “ 0 ” .

✍️ We have know that,

\(\orange\bigstar\:\rm{\pink{\boxed{\green{\vec{a}\:\times\:\vec{b}\:=\:ab\sin{\theta}\:}}}}\)

Where,

\(\rm{\implies\:\vec{a}\:\times\:\vec{b}\:=\:ab\sin{90^{\degree}}\:}\)

\(\rm{\implies\:\vec{a}\:\times\:\vec{b}\:=\:ab\times{1}\:}\)

\(\rm{\implies\:\vec{a}\:\times\:\vec{b}\:=\:ab\:}\)

\(\rm{\red{\therefore}}\) [2] The cross product of two vectors is “ ab ” .

the dot and cross product will become zero if the angle becomes 90°

hope it helps you...

#from india ✌✌✌

The  after the collision, the coupled train cars move with a velocity of approximately 0.128 m/s.

To solve this problem, we can apply the principle of conservation of momentum. According to this principle, the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.

The momentum (p) of an object is given by the product of its mass (m) and velocity (v): p = m * v

Let's denote the momentum of the first train car as p1 and the momentum of the second train car as p2.

Before the collision, the total momentum is the sum of the individual momenta:

Total momentum before collision = p1_initial + p2_initial

p1_initial = m1 * v1_initial = 180,000 kg * 0.300 m/s

p2_initial = m2 * v2_initial = 125,000 kg * (-0.120 m/s)  (note the negative sign indicates the direction)

After the collision, the two train cars couple together and move as one unit. Let's denote the final velocity of the coupled train cars as v_final.

The total momentum after the collision is given by:

Total momentum after collision = (m1 + m2) * v_final

According to the conservation of momentum principle, the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision:

p1_initial + p2_initial = (m1 + m2) * v_final

Substituting the given values, we have:

(180,000 kg * 0.300 m/s) + (125,000 kg * (-0.120 m/s)) = (180,000 kg + 125,000 kg) * v_final

Simplifying the equation:

(54,000 kg * m/s) + (-15,000 kg * m/s) = (305,000 kg) * v_final

39,000 kg * m/s = 305,000 kg * v_final

Dividing both sides by 305,000 kg:

v_final = (39,000 kg * m/s) / 305,000 kg

v_final = 0.128 m/s

Therefore, after the collision, the coupled train cars move with a velocity of approximately 0.128 m/s.

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She should provide the amount of rotate in the Structure dialogue box in accordance with the provided statement.

Horizontal refers to everything that is perpendicular to the horizon. Anything that forms a 90-degree connection (lateral relationship) well with horizontal or the zenith is referred to as vertical because it's the opposite of the horizontal. The line that spans as left to right is therefore considered to be horizontal.

A line graph is one that spans the page from left to right. A horizontal line in geometry is the one that crosses the page from left to right. In the notion that white lines are parallel toward the horizon, it stems from the term "horizon." Horizontally oriented.

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Answer:

Big Bang Theory

Explanation:

Believe me

Question:Where do most astronomers think the solar system formed from?.

Answer: Most Astronomers think the solar system formed from a Nebula

The mass of 40K in a person is m0 * exp(- (ln(2) / 1.277 × 10^9 years) * (6.022 × 10^23 mol^-1) * (4130 Bq) * t)

To calculate the mass of 40K in a person that would have a decay rate of 4130 Bq (becquerels), we need to use the concept of radioactive decay and the relationship between activity, decay constant, and the number of radioactive nuclei.

The activity (A) of a radioactive substance is defined as the number of decays per unit time and is measured in Bq. The decay constant (λ) is a characteristic constant for each radioactive substance and represents the probability of decay per unit time.

The decay rate (dN/dt) can be expressed as the product of the activity (A) and the number of radioactive nuclei (N):

dN/dt = -λN

where the negative sign indicates the decay of radioactive nuclei over time.

The relationship between the number of radioactive nuclei (N), the mass (m), and Avogadro's number (N_A) can be given by:

N = (m/M) * N_A

where M is the molar mass of the radioactive substance.

To find the mass of 40K in a person that would have a decay rate of 4130 Bq, we can rearrange the equation as follows:

dN/dt = -λ * (m/M) * N_A

Since the number of radioactive nuclei is directly proportional to the mass, we can rewrite the equation as:

dm/dt = -λ * (m/M) * N_A

Now, we need to find the relationship between the decay constant (λ) and the half-life (t_1/2). The decay constant can be calculated using the equation:

λ = ln(2) / t_1/2

Substituting this expression into the previous equation, we have:

dm/dt = - (ln(2) / t_1/2) * (m/M) * N_A

Integrating both sides of the equation over time, we get:

∫ dm/m = - (ln(2) / t_1/2) * N_A * ∫ dt

Solving the integral, we have:

ln(m) = - (ln(2) / t_1/2) * N_A * t + C

where C is the constant of integration.

To solve for the constant of integration, we can use the initial condition that at time t=0, the mass of 40K is known to be m0. Substituting this into the equation, we get:

ln(m0) = C

Substituting C back into the equation, we have:

ln(m) = - (ln(2) / t_1/2) * N_A * t + ln(m0)

Taking the exponential of both sides, we obtain:

m = m0 * exp(- (ln(2) / t_1/2) * N_A * t)

Now, we can substitute the given values into the equation. The half-life of 40K is given as 1.277 × 10^9 years, and the decay rate is 4130 Bq.

Using Avogadro's number (N_A = 6.022 × 10^23 mol^-1) and the molar mass of potassium (M = 39.10 g/mol), we can calculate the mass of 40K in a person:

m = m0 * exp(- (ln(2) / t_1/2) * N_A * t)

= m0 * exp(- (ln(2) / 1.277 × 10^9 years) * (6.022 × 10^23 mol^-1) * (4130 Bq) * t)

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If the distance between two objects is decreased to one-fourth of the original distance, the force of attraction increases sixteen-fold.

The effect of the decrease in the distance on the force of attraction between two objects is determined from the law of gravitational attraction as follows:

where;

From the equation above, G, m₁, and m₂ are constant.

Hence, the force of attraction, F is given as;

F = 1 / (d/₄)²

F = 1 / (d²/16)

Hence, the value of the force of attraction increases sixteen-fold.

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The radius of curvature of an optical system, such as a headlight, affects the divergence of the optical rays emitted by the light source. The radius of curvature is a measure of the curvature of the lens or mirror used in the optical system.

When the radius of curvature is large, the optical rays are focused into a smaller area, resulting in a narrower beam of light. This is because the light is bent more sharply as it passes through the lens or mirror, causing it to spread out less. On the other hand, when the radius of curvature is small, the optical rays are focused into a larger area, resulting in a wider beam of light. This is because the light is bent less sharply as it passes through the lens or mirror, causing it to spread out more.

The size of the light source also affects the divergence of the optical rays emitted by the headlight. The divergence of the light is a measure of how much the light spreads out as it travels away from the source. When the light source is small, the divergence is small, resulting in a beam of light that is focused and narrow. On the other hand, when the light source is large, the divergence is large, resulting in a beam of light that is spread out and wide. This is because the light has more distance to travel before it reaches the lens or mirror, causing it to spread out more.  

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The wavelength that is associated with lamp 1 is A.

We know that the wavelength has to do with the horizontal distance that is covered by a wave. We can know the wavelength of the light if we can look at the intensity of the light that is emanating from each of the bulbs.

Clearly, the bulb that is labelled 1 is a dim bulb and the wave front that is generated by the bulb is also a small wave front thus the wavelength that is due to the brightness of this bulb would correspond to A.

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The final cross-sectional area comes out to be 1.34 cm^2

Part A: The cross-sectional area of the hole at 27.0 ∘ C can be calculated using the formula A=πr^2, where r is the radius of the hole. Since the diameter of the hole is given as 1.30 cm, the radius is 0.65 cm. Substituting this value in the formula, we get A=3.14*(0.65 cm)^2 = 1.33 cm^2 (rounded to four significant figures).

Part B: When the temperature of the plate is increased to 175 ∘ C, the steel plate and the hole will expand due to the coefficient of linear expansion. Assuming that the coefficient of linear expansion remains constant, we can use the formula ΔL = αLΔT, where ΔL is the change in length, α is the coefficient of linear expansion, L is the original length, and ΔT is the change in temperature. Since we know the initial and final temperatures and the original diameter of the hole, we can calculate the final diameter using ΔL = (2r)αΔT and then use the formula A=πr^2 to find the cross-sectional area. The final cross-sectional area comes out to be 1.34 cm^2 (rounded to four significant figures).

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The frequency of the electromagnetic wave is equal to 7.09× 10⁸ m.

The frequency of an electromagnetic wave can be defined as the number of oscillations of a wave in one second. The frequency has S.I. units per second or hertz.

The relationship between wavelength (λ), frequency of the wave(ν), and speed of light (c) is:

c = νλ

Given, the frequency of the sound wave, ν = 3500 Hz

The speed of the sound wave in water, V = 1480 m/s

The wavelength of the sound waves can determine from the above-mentioned relationship:

λ = V/ν = 1480/3500 = 0.423 m

The wavelength of electromagnetic wave, λ = 0.423 m

The speed of the electromagnetic wave, c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

The frequency of the electromagnetic wave will be equal to:

ν = c/λ = 3×10⁸/0.423 = 7.09 × 10⁸ m.

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Answer:

Emperor penguins are near the top of the Southern Ocean’s food chain. They have a varied menu that changes with the season. Some prey items are more important than others. One of the most frequently eaten prey species is the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum. They also eat other fish, Antarctic krill and some species of squid. Most prey items are small. Since they are very cold when ingested, their small size makes it easier to bring food up to body temperature to digest it.

:

ultraviolet B

Explanation:

If alcohol or drugs are used in small quantities, and with little or no damaging consequences, it's not usually considered drug abuse.

The correct option is A.

A person who has completed his 18 years of age, wants to drive any vehicle whether car or bike, he must have a license called the driver's license.

Drug abuse is the aggressiveness developed in person after drinking alcohol.

In countries, when a person takes in alcohol with little or no damaging consequences, he is not to be considered as drug abuse.

The given statement is True.

Thus, the correct option is A.

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The spring with the higher stiffness is Spring 1. To determine this, we can look at the amount of work required to compress each spring by a given amount.

Compressing Spring 1 by 0.20m requires 150J of work, while compressing Spring 2 by 0.30m requires 210J of work. Since more work is required to compress Spring 2 by a smaller amount than it is to compress Spring 1, we can infer that Spring 1 is stiffer than Spring 2.

Stiffness is the amount of force required to move the spring a certain distance. The higher the stiffness, the more force is required to move the spring. Since it takes more force to compress Spring 1 than it does to compress Spring 2, Spring 1 is stiffer.

We can also look at the amount of work required to stretch each spring by a given amount. Stretching Spring 1 by 0.20m requires 150J of work, while stretching Spring 2 by 0.30m requires 210J of work. Again, since more work is required to stretch Spring 2 by a smaller amount than it is to stretch Spring 1, we can infer that Spring 1 is stiffer than Spring 2.

To summarize, Spring 1 is stiffer than Spring 2 since it requires more work to compress and stretch it by a given amount. Compressing Spring 1 by 0.20m requires 150J of work, while compressing Spring 2 by 0.30m requires 210J of work. Stretching Spring 1 by 0.20m requires 150J of work, while stretching Spring 2 by 0.30m requires 210J of work.

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To Build your paper cup telephone system do the following:

Two cups, some inelastic string, thread, or fishing line, two paper clips, and a pencil or sewing needle are needed to make a paper cup phone.

Use a pencil or sewing needle to make a hole in the bottom of each cup, then thread a string through each hole to make a paper cup phone.

To keep the thread from coming away from the cups, secure each end with a paper clip. One person should speak into one cup, and you should listen through the other.

Pull the string taut. With the cups, you can talk to someone up to 100 feet away.

A string phone functions quite similarly to a landline. Talking into the cup causes the bottom to vibrate as sound waves are transmitted within the cup by your voice.

The other cup's bottom receives the vibrations that are transmitted to the string, across it, and into it. The second cup vibrates as a result of the sound waves transmitting your voice's audio.

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The area of the sector of the circle is 11π/12 square feet. The formula is Area of Sector = (θ/2) * r^2.


To find the area of a sector of a circle, you can use the formula:

Area of Sector = (θ/2) * r^2

where θ is the central angle of the sector in radians and r is the radius of the circle.

In this case, the diameter of the circle is given as 2 feet, which means the radius (r) is half of the diameter, so r = 2/2 = 1 foot. The central angle is given as 11π/6 radians.

Plugging in the values into the formula, we have:

Area of Sector = (11π/6)/2 * 1^2

= (11π/12) * 1

= 11π/12 square feet

Therefore, the area of the sector of the circle is 11π/12 square feet.

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The velocity of the trolley system with the block in it is 1.33 m/s.

Weight of the block, W = 30 N

Mass of the block, m = W/g

m = 30/10 = 3 kg

Mass of the trolley, M = 6 kg

Initial velocity of the trolley, u = 2 m/s

According to law of conservation of momentum,

In an isolated system, when two objects collide, the combined momentum before and after the collision is constant. Due to the fact that the momentum gained by one object equals the momentum lost by another, this occurs.

So, the momentum of the trolley system before and after dropping the block to it are equal.

Mu = (M + m)v

Therefore, the velocity of the trolley system with the block in it,

v = Mu/(M + m)

v = 6 x 2/(6 + 3)

v = 12/9

v = 1.33 m/s

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Answer:

sorry, there is no picture, try re-uploading it with the pic

Explanation:

Answer:

now it lets me. B

Explanation:

hope that helps

To determine the new force of gravity in the first scenario, we can use the formula for gravitational force:

\(Fg = (G * m1 * m2) / r^2,\)

where G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance between their centers.

If we triple the mass of one object and double the distance between their centers, the new force of gravity can be calculated as follows:

New \(Fg = (G * (3m) * m) / (2r)^2.\)

Simplifying this expression, we get:

New Fg = (G * 3m * m) / (4r^2).

Since (3m * m) / (4r^2) is equivalent to (3/4) * (m * m) / (r^2), we can rewrite the equation as:

New \(Fg = (3/4) * (G * m * m) / r^2.\)

Comparing this to the original force of gravity, Fg, we see that the new force is (3/4) times the original force. Therefore, the answer is C) 0.75 Fg.

Regarding the second scenario, for objects in stable orbit, the orbital period is determined by the formula:

\(T = 2π * sqrt(r^3 / (G * M)),\)

where T is the orbital period, r is the distance between the center of the object and the center of the Earth, G is the gravitational constant, and M is the mass of the Earth.

If Satellite B is twice as far from the Earth's center compared to Satellite A, we can say that r_B = 2 * r_A.

Let's compare the orbital periods of the two satellites:

T_B = 2π * sqrt((2r_A)^3 / (G * M)) = 2π * sqrt(8r_A^3 / (G * M)).

T_A = 2π * sqrt(r_A^3 / (G * M)).

Dividing T_B by T_A, we get:

T_B / T_A = (2π * sqrt(8r_A^3 / (G * M))) / (2π * sqrt(r_A^3 / (G * M))).

Simplifying this expression, we find:

T_B / T_A = sqrt(8r_A^3 / (r_A^3)) = sqrt(8) = 2.83.

Therefore, the answer is a) 2.83 times larger.

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When two objects are experiencing gravitational attraction, if you triple the mass of one of the objects and double the distance between their centers, the new force of gravity compared to the old will be 0.75 times the original force (0.75 Fg).The orbital period of Satellite B compared to Satellite A is 2.83 times larger.

This is because the force of gravitational attraction between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers of mass. If you double the distance between two objects, the force of gravitational attraction decreases by a factor of 4 (2^2). On the other hand, if you triple the mass of one of the objects, the force of gravitational attraction increases by a factor of 3.

Therefore, combining these effects, the new force of gravity will be 3/4 or 0.75 times the original force.

Satellite A and Satellite B are both in stable orbit around the Earth, but Satellite B is twice as far from the Earth's center as Satellite A. The orbital period of Satellite B compared to Satellite A is 2.83 times larger.

This is because the orbital period of an object in circular motion is dependent on the radius of the orbit. The further an object is from the center of the orbit, the longer it takes to complete one full orbit. Since Satellite B is twice as far from the Earth's center as Satellite A, its radius is also twice as large. The orbital period is directly proportional to the radius, so Satellite B's orbital period will be 2.83 times larger than Satellite A's orbital period.

Therefore, the correct statement is:

The new force of gravity compared to the old will be 0.75 Fg.

The orbital period of Satellite B compared to Satellite A is 2.83 times larger.

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Answer:

I think it is A.

Explanation:

If you imagine it on a graph you can picture where it would be and they used the word "northeast" sooo...

Answer:

A Both physical and chemical changes.

Explanation:

To achieve an outlet temperature of 125°C, needed a heat flux of 6919 W/m².

To solve this problem, we need to use the energy balance equation, which relates the heat transfer rate, mass flow rate, specific heat capacity, and temperature difference.

Q = mdot × cp × (Tout - Tin)

Where,

Q = heat transfer rate (W)

mdot = mass flow rate (kg/s)

cp = specific heat capacity of air (J/kg.K)

Tout = outlet temperature (K)

Tin = inlet temperature (K)

We can assume that the air is incompressible, and thus the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure (cp) can be taken as a constant value of 1005 J/kg.K.

Next, we can use the Reynolds number to determine the flow regime in the tube.

Re = (ρ × D × V) / μ

Where,

ρ = density of air (kg/m³)

D = diameter of the tube (m)

V = velocity of air (m/s)

μ  = viscosity of air (Pa.s)

Assuming atmospheric pressure and using the properties of air at 20°C, we get:

ρ = 1.2041 kg/m³ and μ = 1.81 x 10^-5 Pa.s

Re = (1.2041 kg/m³ × 0.05 m × (0.005 kg/s / (π×(0.025 m)² / 4))) / (1.81 x 10^-5 Pa.s) = 26197

Since the Reynolds number is greater than 4000, we can assume that the flow is turbulent and fully developed.

Next, we can use the Dittus-Boelter equation to calculate the heat transfer coefficient (h).

ν = 0.023 × Re^(4/5) × Pr^(0.4)

Where,

Pr = Prandtl number of air (unitless)

Pr = (cp × μ) / k, where k is thermal conductivity of air at 20°C, k=0.0263 W/m.K

Pr = (1005 J/kg.K × 1.81 x 10^-5 Pa.s) / 0.0263 W/m.K = 0.706

ν = 0.023 × (26197)^(4/5) × (0.706)^(0.4) = 119.23

h = (ν × k) / D = (119.23 × 0.0263 W/m.K) / 0.05 m = 62.25 W/m².K

Now we can calculate the required heat flux using the energy balance equation.

Q = mdot × cp × (Tout - Tin) = h × pi × D × (Tout - Tin)

We can rearrange the equation to get the heat flux (q).

q = Q / (π × D × (Tout - Tin)) = h × (Tout - Tin)

Substituting the values, we get:

q = 62.25 W/m².K × (125°C - 20°C) = 6919 W/m²

Therefore, to achieve an outlet temperature of 125°C, we need a heat flux of 6919 W/m².

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Answer:

They are called beneficial mutations. They lead to new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to changes in their environment. Beneficial mutations are essential for evolution to occur. They increase an organism's changes of surviving or reproducing, so they are likely to become more common over time.

Explanation:

Answer: Because machines cannot create new energy themselves, they merely change its direction, its form, the amount applied, or the distance it is applied over. Therefore, although it may seem like machines make things easier, in reality they just convert one form of energy into another, and cannot multiply energy or work.

Explanation:

Electricity is the \(\sf{\underline{flow}}\) of electrons, because electrons \(\sf{\underline{passes}}\)  from atom to atom.

speed required for the predetermined elliptical trajectory of the planet is 7908m/s

The speed necessary for the given circular orbit around Earth is given as follows;v = V GM/r.Here is the solution; Given formula:v = V GM/r.We know that the mass of the earth is 5.77 x \(10^(24)\) kg and the radius of the orbit is 6.38 x\(10^6\)m.

The gravitational constant is 6.67 x \(10^-11 m^3/(kg s^2).\)We can now substitute the values into the equation to get the speed:v = V GM/r = V (6.67 ×\(10^( 11)\) Nm²/kg²) (5.97 × \(10^{24}\)kg)/ (6.38  m) = 7908 m/s. Therefore, the speed necessary for the given circular orbit around Earth is 7908 m/s.

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