Answers
An exothermic reaction that is spontaneous at any temperature meets the following criteria. ∆H < 0 , ∆S > 0 , ∆G < 0
This is because G = H - T S, and since -T S is always negative, if H is negative and S is positive, then G will always be negative.
Exothermic reactions (H0) characterize combustion. Due to the additional rise in the amount of gaseous species (net gain of one mole of gas, S > 0), this specific reaction entails an increase in entropy. As a result, the reaction is spontaneous (G0) at all temperatures. The sign of G will always be negative when H is negative and S is positive, and the reaction will always be spontaneous at all temperatures.
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complete question: Which of the following sets of conditions is true for an exothermic reaction that is spontaneous at all temperatures?
(a)∆H < 0 , ∆S < 0 , ∆G < 0
(b)∆H > 0 , ∆S < 0 , ∆G < 0
(c)∆H < 0 , ∆S < 0 , ∆G > 0
(d)∆H > 0 , ∆S < 0 , ∆G < 0
(e)∆H < 0 , ∆S > 0 , ∆G < 0
Related Questions
2..Read the following statements carefully and choose the correct option
Statement 1: Angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection
Statement 2: Angle between incident ray and reflected ray is double that of the
Angle of incidence.
A) Statement (1) is correct while statement (2) is incorrect
B) Statement (2) is correct while statement (1) is incorrect
C) Both statements are correct
D) Both statements are incorrect
Answers
Answer:
statement 1 is correct
2 not sure
Explanation:
Which physical law most directly describes the motions of objects that are acted on by forces?
A.
Newton's law of universal gravitation
B.
Newton's second law of motion
C.
Coulomb's law of electrostatic interaction
D.
the conservation of mass law
Answers
Answer: Newton's second law of motion
Explanation:
A seated musician plays a C4 note at 262 Hz . How much time Δ does it take for 346 air pressure maxima to pass a stationary listener?
Answers
Answer:
t = 1.32 s
Explanation:
We are given;. Frequency of C4 note; F_c = 262 Hz
In conversions, we know that 1 Hz = 1 cycle/s
Thus, F_c = 262 cycles/s
Now, we want to find out how much time it takes for 346 air pressure maxima to pass a stationary listener.
346 air pressure maxima denotes that the air pressure maxima is 346 cycles.
Thus, time will be;
t = 346 cycles/262 cycles/s
t = 1.32 s
The time taken for the musical note to pass the stationary listener is 1.32 s.
The given parameters:
frequency of the C4 note, f = 262 Hzair pressure maximum, n = 346The frequency of a sound wave is defined as the number of cycles completed per second by the wave.
\(F = \frac{n}{t}\)
where;
t is the time to compete the maximum cycleThe time taken for the musical note to pass the stationary listener is calculated as follows;
\(262 = \frac{n}{t} \\\\t = \frac{n}{262} \\\\t = \frac{346}{262} \\\\t = 1.32 \ s\)
Thus, the time taken for the musical note to pass the stationary listener is 1.32 s.
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7. How much energy is stored in a rubberband that is stretched 0.5 meters if the
spring coefficient of the rubberband is 2.2 N/m?*
Answer?
Answers
Answer:
0.275J
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Extension = 0.5m
Spring coefficient = 2.2N/m
Unknown:
Energy stored in the rubberband = ?
Solution:
The elastic potential energy is given as:
Elastic potential energy = \(\frac{1}{2}\) k e²
k is the spring constant
e is the extension
Elastic potential energy = \(\frac{1}{2}\) x 2.2 x 0.5² = 0.275J
state ohmic conductor
Answers
Answer:
An ohmic conductor is defined as one which obeys ohm's law that is V ∝ I where is the voltage and is the current. There must be a linear graph. Silver is an example of an ohmic conductor as the graph for silver is a linear graph. Silver and copper are some examples of ohmic conductor
Two identical fires are built. One is built inside a wood burning stove while the other is built outside in a fire pit. A person standing in front of the wood stove feels warmer a lot quicker than a person standing the exact same distance from the fire pit would. Describe why this is in terms of thermal energy, heat, and heating methods.
Answers
Answer:
The person standing in front of the wood stove feels warmer a lot quicker than the person standing the same distance from the fire pit because of the way heat is being transferred from the fire to the person.
In the wood stove, thermal energy from the burning wood is transferred to the surrounding air, which is then forced out of the stove by convection. This convection creates a steady flow of hot air that heats up the surrounding space, including the person standing in front of the stove. This is a very efficient method of heating because the hot air is forced to circulate and distribute the heat throughout the space.
In contrast, in the fire pit, the thermal energy from the burning wood is transferred primarily by radiation. This means that the heat from the fire travels through the air in straight lines until it comes into contact with an object, like the person standing in front of the fire pit. While radiation is an effective way of transferring heat, it is not as efficient as convection because it doesn't circulate the hot air throughout the space as efficiently.
Furthermore, the wood stove is enclosed and designed to contain the heat within the stove. This means that less heat is lost to the surrounding environment and more heat is directed towards the person in front of the stove. In contrast, the fire pit is open and exposed, which means that much of the heat is lost to the surrounding environment and less heat is directed towards the person standing in front of the fire pit.
Therefore, the wood stove is a more efficient and effective method of heating because it uses convection to circulate the hot air and contains the heat within the stove, resulting in a faster and more intense warming effect on the person standing in front of it.
What is diffraction of light
Answers
Answer:
According to "http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu" Diffraction is the slight bending of light as it passes around the edge of an object.
Some examples of Light Defraction would be..
-CD reflecting rainbow colours
-Sun appears red during sunset
-From the shadow of an object
drop down menu to complete the statement.
___ are made of amino
____ are used by all organisms to store the transmit genetic information
____ are used by organisms for tissue growth and repair
options are 1. proteins 2. nucleic acids
Answers
Answer:
The answer to the first question is protein
2. You are traveling along a highway at night at a speed of 100 km/h when you spot an object directly in front of you in the road at the limit of your headlights. (10 Marks)
a) If the maximum braking deceleration that your car can provide is 7 m/s2, and if your headlights extend out to a range of 30 m, will you hit the object before coming to a stop?
b) How long will it take to stop?
Answers
a) To determine if the car will hit the object before coming to a stop, we need to calculate the distance required to stop the car, assuming maximum braking deceleration. We can use the following formula:
d = (v^2) / (2a)
where:
d = distance required to stop
v = initial velocity
a = acceleration/deceleration
In this case, v = 100 km/h = 27.78 m/s (converted from km/h to m/s)
a = -7 m/s^2 (negative sign indicates deceleration)
We know that the car's headlights extend out to a range of 30 m, so if the distance required to stop the car is greater than 30 m, the car will hit the object before coming to a stop.
Plugging in the values to the formula, we get:
d = (27.78^2) / (2 x -7) = 108.61 m
Since 108.61 m is greater than 30 m, the car will hit the object before coming to a stop.
b) To calculate the time required to stop, we can use the following formula:
t = v / a
where:
t = time required to stop
v = initial velocity
a = acceleration/deceleration
Plugging in the values, we get:
t = 27.78 / 7 = 3.97 s
Therefore, it will take 3.97 seconds to stop the car.
Potential energy is the energy an object has due to its:
position
motion
temperature
atomic structure
Answers
\(position \\ \\ \)
Taking into account the definition of potential energy, potential energy is the energy an object has due to its position.
What is potential energyPotential energy is the energy that measures the ability of a system to do work based on its position. In other words, this is the energy that a body located at a certain height above the ground has.
Gravitational potential energy is the energy associated with the gravitational force. This will depend on the relative height of an object to some reference point, the mass, and the strength of gravity. So for an object with mass m, at height h, the expression applied to the gravitational energy of the object is:
Ep= m×g×h
Where:
Ep is the potential energy in joules (J).m is the mass in kilograms (kg).h is the height in meters (m).g is the acceleration of fall in m/s² (approximately 9.81 m/s²)SummaryIn summary, potential energy is the energy an object has due to its position.
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An empty paper cup is the same temperature as the air in the room. A student fills the cup with cold water. Which of the following describes how thermal energy is transferred?
O Thermal energy is transferred from the cold water to the cup until they are at the same temperature.
Thermal energy is transferred from the cup to the cold water until they are at the same temperature.
O Thermal energy is transferred from the cup to the cold water until the cup has no more thermal energy
Thermal energy is not transferred between the cup and the cold water
Answers
Answer:
Thermal energy is transferred from the cup to the cold water until they are at the same temperature.
Explanation:
The three types of thermal energy transfer is radiation, conduction and convection.
During energy transfer, thermal energy is being transferred from the warmer body (of higher temperature with faster-moving particles) to the colder body (of lower temperature with slower-moving particles) until both of the bodies are in thermal equilibrium (the same temperature). Since the cup is warmer than the cold water, Thermal energy is transferred from the cup to the cold water until they are at the same temperature.
The breakdown voltage of a randomly chosen diode of a certain type is known to be normally distributed with mean value 40 V and standard deviation 1.5 V: What is the probability that the voltage of a single diode is between 39 and 422
Answers
There is a 0.6568 percent chance that a single diode's voltage will fall between 39 and 422 volts.
It is known that the breakdown voltage of a randomly selected diode of a certain type has a normal distribution with a mean of 40 volts (v) and a standard deviation of 1.5 v. 1.5) = (1.33 (0.67), which equals 0.9082 0.2514, which equals 0.6568.
The forward voltage of silicon diodes is around 0.7 volts. The forward voltage of germanium diodes is around 0.3 volts. Peak Inverse Voltage, or PIV rating, is the highest reverse-bias voltage that a diode can sustain without "breaking down."
An electrical device called a diode makes it more easier for electricity to flow through it in one direction than the other. Despite the existence of other diode technologies, semiconductor diodes are the most prevalent type of diode used in contemporary circuit design. Schematic diagrams use symbols to represent semiconductor diodes.
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What are the precautions for compound Pendulum experiment
Answers
Make sure you measure the length of the pendulum from the centre (of mass) of the plumbob.
Make sure the top edge is well defined- clamp the string between two blocks so it is clear where the string can move and where it cant.
Make sure the top support is fixed- eg a clamp stand can easily flex and so the top support moves.
Make sure you use small amplitudes ( less than 10 degrees from the vertical)
Make sure you time enough swings such that the total time is sufficeint to get the uncertainty in the timing of a single swing down. (It is the total time that is important not the number of swings)
Release the pendulum and start timing counting while it is swinging. Start the clock and say zero (not 1).
Have a pre-prepared results table so that you can record your results accurately without rushing.
Do at least 3 sets of readings to identify any anomalies.
Explanation:
The resistance RT of a platinum varies with temperature T(°C), as measured on the constant-volume gas thermometer according to the equation RT = Ro(1+AT+BT^2). Where A = 3.8×10^-3°C^-1 and B = -5.6×10^-7°C^-2. Calculate the temperature that would be on indicated on a platinum thermometer, when the gas scale reads 200°C.
Answers
The resistance indicated by the platinum thermometer at 200°C is 1.648 times the reference resistance Ro at 0°C.
The given equation is RT = Ro(1+AT+BT²), where A = 3.8×10⁻³°C⁻¹ and B = -5.6×10⁻⁷°C⁻². To determine the temperature that would be indicated on a platinum thermometer when the gas scale reads 200°C, we will have to use the given formula. RT = Ro(1+AT+BT²) .....(i)We know that the gas scale reads 200°C. Therefore, we can substitute T = 200°C in equation (i).RT = Ro (1 + A × 200 + B × 200²) = Ro (1 + 0.76 - 0.112) = Ro (1.648)Thus, the resistance that the platinum thermometer would indicate is 1.648 times the reference resistance Ro at 0°C. This is the solution to the problem.In summary, The given equation is RT = Ro(1+AT+BT²), where A = 3.8×10⁻³°C⁻¹ and B = -5.6×10⁻⁷°C⁻². To determine the temperature that would be indicated on a platinum thermometer when the gas scale reads 200°C, we substituted T = 200°C in equation (i) to get RT = Ro (1 + A × 200 + B × 200²) = Ro (1 + 0.76 - 0.112) = Ro (1.648).For more questions on thermometer
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what is plant in physics
Answers
Answer:
“A symbiotic relationship between botany and the fields of physics, mathematics, engineering, and chemistry continues today, as is revealed in Plant Physics.
A plant in physics refers to a facility that generates electrical power from various sources of energy.
A "plant", in physics, is a facility that creates electricity by using the resources. In order to generate electricity, power plants often transform energy from one form to another.
A nuclear power plant generates heat through nuclear processes, which is subsequently converted into steam to operate a turbine. Wind farms and solar power plants, for example, generate electricity by harnessing wind kinetic energy or solar radiant energy.
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When a current of 0.015 A passes through human body at 240 volts p.d it
causes
Answers
Explanation:
Given that,
Current, I = 0.015 A
Voltage, V = 240 volts
We need to find the resistance. Using Ohm's law we can find it as follows :
\(V=IR\\\\R=\dfrac{V}{I}\\\\R=\dfrac{240}{0.015}\\\\R=16000\ \Omega\)
So, When a current of 0.015 A passes through human body at 240 volts p.d it causes 16000 ohms of resistance.
Six identical cells with an EDS of 3 V connected in a battery. Resistors R₁ and R₂=16Ω are connected to the battery, the total resistance of the external circuit is R=6Ω and the current flowing in it is 1 A. Determine the resistance of the first resistor and the EDS and internal resistance of the battery.
Answers
- The resistance of the first resistor (R₁) is 12 Ω.
- The electromotive force (EMF) of the battery is 18 V.
- The internal resistance of the battery is 12 Ω.
To solve the given problem, we can apply Kirchhoff's laws and Ohm's law to determine the resistance of the first resistor (R₁) and the electromotive force (EMF) and internal resistance of the battery.
Let's start by calculating the resistance of the first resistor (R₁):
1. Apply Ohm's law to find the voltage drop across the external circuit:
V = I * R
V = 1 A * 6 Ω
V = 6 V
2. The voltage drop across the external circuit is equal to the EMF minus the voltage drop across the internal resistance of the battery:
V = E - Ir
6 V = E - (1 A * r) (where r is the internal resistance of the battery)
3. We also know that the EMF of the battery is the sum of the voltage drops across each cell in the battery:
E = 6 cells * 3 V/cell
E = 18 V
4. Substitute the value of E in the equation from step 2:
6 V = 18 V - r
r = 12 Ω
Therefore, the resistance of the first resistor (R₁) is 12 Ω.
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1 oto chạy trên 1 đoạn đường thẳng từ địa điểm A đến địa điểm B phải mất 1 khoảng thời gian t, Tốc độ của oto trong nửa đầu của khoảng thời gian này là 60km/h và trong nửa cuối là 40km/h. Tính tốc độ trung bình của oto trên cả đoạn đường AB
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
t = (½d)/60 + (½d)/40
t = (½d)/60(2/2) + (½d)/40(3/3)
t = (½d)2/120 + (½d)3/120
t = (½d)5/120
t = (½d)/24
t = d/48
v = d/t
v = d / (d/48)
v = 48 km/h
Which individual or group had perhaps the most profound effect on establishing social work as a specialized practice
Answers
Answer:
Which individual or group had perhaps the most profound effect on establishing social work as a specialized practice
Explanation:
How do I find the mass in kg
Answers
To find the mass in kilograms, you need to know the object's weight in newtons and the acceleration due to gravity. The formula for finding mass is mass = weight / acceleration due to gravity. So if you have an object with a weight of 100 N and the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s^2, the mass would be 10.204 kg.
The mass of the block is 0.025 kg or 25 g, when the spring has k = 28 N/m, and compresses 0.11 m before bringing the block to rest.
When a block is dropped onto a spring with k=28 N/m, the block has a speed of 3.2 m/s just before it strikes the spring. If the spring compresses an amount of 0.11 m before bringing the block to rest, what is the mass of the block?The formula for the spring potential energy is given as follows; PE = (1/2) kx² where k is the spring constant and x is the amount of deformation of the spring. Substituting the values given;PE = (1/2) 28 (0.11)²PE = 0.16972 J. According to the law of conservation of energy, the potential energy stored in the spring at maximum compression is equal to the kinetic energy the block had before it struck the spring;KE = (1/2) mv²where m is the mass of the block and v is its velocity.Substituting the values;0.16972 = (1/2) m (3.2)²m = 0.025 kg or 25 gTherefore, the mass of the block is 0.025 kg or 25 g.For more questions on mass
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A thin half ring with a radius of R = 10 cm is uniformly charged with a linear density of = 1 Mikrokulon/m and located in a vacuum. Determine the force F of interaction between the half ring and a point charge q = 20 nC located at the center of curvature. (don't use chatgpt please)
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
F = k * q * lambda * R * π * (1 - √2/2)
Substituting the given values of q, lambda, R, and k, we get:
F = (9 x 10^9 N*m^2/C^2) * (20 x 10^-9 C) * (1 x 10^-6 C/m) * (0.1 m) * π * (1 - √2/2)
F ≈ 8.58 x 10^-4 N
Therefore, the force of interaction between the half ring and the point charge is approximately 8.58 x 10^-4 N.
Question 6 (5 points)
(03.04 MC)
What is the name of N2CI4? Explain how you determined the bond type and the steps you used to determine the naming convention for the
compound, (5 points)
Pleaseeeeeee helpppp meeeeeeeee
Answers
The molecule N2Cl2 has the name dinitrogen dichloride and contains a double bond and two single bonds.
What is N2Cl2?The molecule N2Cl2 is dinitrogen dichloride. It is a covalent molecule has a double bond between the two nitrogen atoms and a single bond linking each nitrogen atom to a chlorine atom.
The structure of the molecule is shown in the image attached. Hence, the compound contains a double bond and two single bonds.
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does the gravitational potential energy change when the robin flew to a tree branch
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
the gravitational potential energy does change, because it depends on distance. As a result, kinetic energy also changes throughout an orbit, resulting in a higher speed when a planet is closer to the Sun.
Convert 3.0 x 10-3 micrometer to cm
Answers
Answer:
27
Explanation:
An object with mass m is given initial velocity to slide across a horizontal plane AB towards a semi circle BCD with radius R.
Between the object and the plane exists a kinetic friction u_k=0.5, but only between the section FB with length R. F is in the middle of A and B. The inside of the circle is smooth.
When the object reached to point C, it applies a force of 3mg on the semi circle.
The object is going to the left.
1. Write an expression for the initial velocity at point A.
Answers
The expression for the initial velocity at point A is:
0 = (velocity at point A - 0) / time
Simplifying the equation, we find:
Velocity at point A = 0
The initial velocity at point A is zero, indicating that the object starts from rest before sliding on the horizontal plane AB.
To write an expression for the initial velocity at point A, we need to analyze the forces acting on the object and apply the principles of motion.
Given:
Mass of the object, m
Radius of the semi circle, R
Coefficient of kinetic friction, μ\(_k\) = 0.5
Force applied at point C, F = 3mg
The object is initially at rest.
Let's break down the motion into two parts: the motion on the horizontal plane AB and the motion along the semi circle BCD.
1. Motion on the horizontal plane AB:
The only force acting on the object on the horizontal plane is the force of kinetic friction. The frictional force can be calculated using:
Frictional force, f = μ\(_k\)* Normal force
The normal force is equal to the weight of the object, which is mg.
Normal force, N = mg
Frictional force, f = μ\(_k\) * mg
The frictional force acts in the opposite direction to the motion, so its magnitude is negative. Thus, the net force on the object on the horizontal plane is:
Net force = -f = -μ\(_k\)* mg
Using Newton's second law, we can relate the net force to the acceleration:
Net force = mass * acceleration
-μ\(_k\) * mg = m * acceleration
The acceleration can be expressed as the rate of change of velocity:
Acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time
Since the object is initially at rest, the initial velocity is zero.
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If the instantaneous voltage at a given moment in the circuit RL is V=VmaxSIN(150), then the instantaneous current at the...... same instant I=Imaxsin
Answers
The instantaneous current at the same moment in the RL circuit can be expressed as I = Imaxsin(150), where Imax represents the maximum current.
1. Given that the instantaneous voltage at a specific moment in the RL circuit is V = Vmaxsin(150).
2. We can express the current at the same moment using Ohm's Law, which states that V = IR, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.
3. In an RL circuit, the resistance is represented by the symbol R, and it is typically associated with the resistance of the wire or any resistors in the circuit.
4. However, the given equation does not explicitly mention resistance.
5. Since we are considering an RL circuit, it suggests the presence of inductance (L) along with resistance (R).
6. In an RL circuit, the voltage across the inductor (VL) can be expressed as VL = L(di/dt), where L is the inductance and di/dt represents the rate of change of current.
7. At any given instant, the total voltage across the circuit (V) can be expressed as the sum of the voltage across the resistor (VR) and the voltage across the inductor (VL).
8. Therefore, V = VR + VL.
9. Since the given equation represents the instantaneous voltage (V), we can deduce that V = VR.
10. By comparing V = VR with Ohm's Law (V = IR), we can conclude that I = Imaxsin(150), where Imax represents the maximum current.
The specific values of Vmax, Imax, and the phase angle have not been provided in the question, so we are working with the general expression.
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a cannon is shot from a boat at 185 m/s at a 52.2 angle. How far away does it land?
Answers
Answer:
3380 m
Explanation:
Vittorio needs to clean the dusty mirror hanging on the wall beforehe can use it, but he would like to clean as little of the mirroras possible.
Vittorio would like to be able to see the logo on his shirt.Draw the incident and reflected raysshowing the light from the logo reflecting off the mirror into hiseyes. The rays should meet at the point on the mirror that needscleaning.
Answers
Answer:
The drawing is attached below.
Explanation:
According to the drawing, we can see that the point "0" marked on the mirror, is the point that allows the formation of an angle between Vittorio's eyes and the place where his shirt logo is. In summary, the point on the mirror that needs to be cleaned, so that Vittorio can see only the logo of his shirt, is the point that represents equal vertical distances between Vittorio's eyes and the shirt's logo, since these distances present the same angle.
What is 1 second….???? Give a meaningful answer…..
Answers
Explanation:
.....................................
Answer:
1 second is defined as 1/86400th part of a mean solar day.
The road runner was being chased and outsmart the coyote. He ran past the road runner an fell straight down off a cliff. He fell with the same acceleration as gravity (9.8). Calculate his displacement if he fell for 4 seconds
Answers
The displacement of the runner after four seconds is 78.4 m.
What is the displacement after 4 seconds?We know that in this case, we are dealing with a case of an object that has a motion under gravity. We are told that the road runner an fell straight down off a cliff. The fact that we have been told that the runner just fell down the cliff means that the initial velocity of the runner would have to be taken in this context as zero since the runner was dropped from a height as shown.
Acceleration of the runner (g) = 9.8 m/s^2
Initial velocity of the runner (u) = 0 m/s
Time take (t) = 4 seconds
We then have;
h = ut + 1/2gt^2
If we then know that the initial velocity of the person is zero, then we have;
h = 1/2gt^2
h = 0.5 * 9.8 * (4)^2
h = 78.4 m
The height is 78.4 m.
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