Who first came up with the idea that the universe began with a big bang?
Answers
Answer:
The answer to your question is Georges Lemaître.
Related Questions
Nitrogen is a gas and cannot be added to soil. What type of chemical should be added to the soil to cure the unhealthy plant? (You have to be more specific than 'fertiliser'.)
Answers
Answer: The type of chemical which can be used to cure the unhealthy plant-"Nitrate".
Explanation: It serves plants as a nutrient and is an important growth factor. It is absorbed by the roots from the soil. It helps to build organic compounds including proteins and nucleic acids.
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what scientist concluded that all animals aremade of cells
Answers
Answer:
Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden
Explanation: in 1839 the two elucidated that all plants and animals were made up of cells
The hours of daylight can vary greatly because of latitude. How would being near the equator shape the amount of sunlight per day in those countries? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The amount of daylight that is received is directly proportional to how close the sun is to each hemisphere. This happens due to Earth's inclined axis which changes as the Earth rotates and causes more daylight in the Northern or Southern hemispheres which is when summer starts in each. That being said the Equator is the only location that has an even amount of sunshine all year round. This is why it is always hot and Equator cultures only recognize dry and wet seasons but still consider it summer all year round.
What causes hyperpolarization of a neuronal membrane?.
Answers
The cause of hyperpolarization of a neuronal membrane is the flow of positive ions out of the opening channel of the neuronal membrane.
What is hyperpolarization?
This can be defined as when the membrane potential becomes more negative at a particular spot on the neuron’s membrane.
The cause of hyperpolarization is when the flow positive ions out of the opening channel of the neuronal membrane can cause hyperpolarization.
Examples: Opening of channels that lets K+ flows out of the neuronal membrane or let's CL- flow into the neuronal membrane can cause hyperpolarization.
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clicker q: T/F: homologous chromosomes contain identical genetic sequences
Answers
False
homologous chromosome are pairs of chromosome that have ....
When food is eaten by an organism, the majority of the energy available from the food is:
Answers
Answer:
Lost as heat
Explanation:
This is the reason why energy and biomass are lost when moving up through trophic levels.
The food transferred from the producers to the consumers is part of the ecological pyramid and food chain. The energy in the food eaten by the organism is lost as heat.
What is energy transfer in the ecosystem?The energy in the ecosystem is available in the form of food that is produced by the producers like the plants and some bacteria. They are called autotrophs.
The animals and other organisms are heterotrophs that depend on the producers for the food in the food chain and web. These consumers receive energy from the producers.
In the ecosystem, only 10% of energy is transferred from one to another level, whereas the remaining 90 % of energy gets lost in the form of heat. The heat is lost as respiration, excretion, etc.
Therefore, the ecosystem follows the 10% energy law.
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Which process turns glucose into energy?
Breathing
Cell division
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
Answers
Answer:
cellular respiration
Explanation:
1. is all protein trafficking through nuclear pores unidirectional? 2. importin bound to nls-containing cargo is transported into the nucleus where the complex binds ran-gtp and gets dissociated. true or false? 3. how would you design an experiment to demonstrate that the nls (nuclear localization signal) of the yeast protein swi5 is sufficient for the transport of this protein into the nucleus? 4. the transport of proteins across the nuclear envelope has some distinct mechanisms compared to the transport of proteins across the mitochondrial membrane, although both are mediated by the presence of a signal sequence. what are the other differences? 5. both u snrnas and micrornas are transcribed by polymerase ii and then further modified including cleavage of the rnas. what are rnas? 6. explain the property of the nuclear pore and how it was discovered. 7. leptomycin is a compound that inhibits the growth of human immunodeficieny virus in human cells, yet it cannot be used to treat hiv patients because it is toxic to all of a patient’s cells. explain how leptomycin functions in human cells. 8. the protein iκb functions in two independent and complimentary roles to control the import and export of the transcription factor nfκb. explain these two roles. 9. the nucleus is completely filled with chromatin. true or false? 10. active genes are found adjacent to interchromosomal domains. true or false? 11. what are nuclear lamin proteins making up? 12. your textbook describes a simple experiment illustrating that export of transfer rna (trna) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is under the control of the small gtp binding protein ran. summarize the results of this experiment and explain how ran is functioning in this process. 13. what advantage does possession of a nucleus offer a cell? because of all the different things that get transported in and out of a nucleus (ions, rnas, a variety of proteins, etc.). true or false? 14. what is the nucleolus? 15. the nuclear localization signal (nls) is recognized by and binds to which protein in the process of nuclear protein transport? 16. know the cargo with the protein(s) necessary for nuclear export or import. 17. what is one advantage to a cell of having a nucleus? 18. what is the definition of heterochromatin? 19. what are the features of the transport of proteins across the nuclear envelope? 20. what mechanism ensures that cargo-protein complex does not exit the nuclear pore complex (npc) once it has passed through the nuclear pore and into the nucleus? 21. how mrna processing is linked to mrna export from the nucleus?
Answers
1. Protein trafficking through nuclear pores is predominantly unidirectional, but there are exceptions where certain proteins can move bidirectionally.
Unidirectional trafficking is the most common mode of protein transport through nuclear pores.Some proteins, called nucleoporins, form the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and regulate the directionality of transport.Most proteins are transported from the cytoplasm into the nucleus (import), while a smaller subset move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (export).The nuclear localization signal (NLS) or nuclear export signal (NES) present in proteins determines their direction of transport.2. Importin bound to NLS-containing cargo is transported into the nucleus where the complex binds Ran-GTP and gets dissociated. True.
Importin binds to the NLS of cargo proteins in the cytoplasm.The Importin-cargo complex interacts with nucleoporins of the nuclear pore complex.Once inside the nucleus, the complex encounters Ran-GTP.Ran-GTP binds to Importin, leading to a conformational change and dissociation of the Importin-cargo complex.The cargo is released into the nucleus, while the Importin-Ran-GTP complex is exported back to the cytoplasm.3. Design of an experiment to demonstrate that the NLS of the yeast protein Swi5 is sufficient for nuclear transport:
Create a mutant version of the Swi5 protein by deleting or altering the NLS sequence.Introduce both the wild-type and mutant Swi5 constructs into yeast cells.Use immunofluorescence microscopy to visualize the localization of Swi5 within the cells.Analyze the localization pattern of wild-type Swi5 compared to the NLS mutant.If the wild-type Swi5 is predominantly localized in the nucleus while the NLS mutant shows cytoplasmic or mislocalized pattern, it indicates that the NLS is necessary for nuclear transport.4. Differences between protein transport across the nuclear envelope and mitochondrial membrane:
Nuclear transport involves the movement of larger macromolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, while mitochondrial transport mainly deals with smaller molecules.Nuclear transport requires specific signal sequences like NLS and NES, whereas mitochondrial transport involves signal sequences like mitochondrial targeting sequences (MTS).Nuclear transport is regulated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC), while mitochondrial transport is facilitated by translocase complexes.The NPC allows bidirectional transport, while mitochondrial transport is mainly unidirectional.Nuclear transport involves energy-dependent processes, including GTPase activity of Ran, whereas mitochondrial transport relies on the transmembrane potential.The NPC mediates transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm, whereas the mitochondrial membrane facilitates transport within the mitochondria.5. RNAs are nucleic acids that are transcribed from DNA and have various roles in cellular processes.
6. The property of the nuclear pore and its discovery.
7. Leptomycin functions in human cells.
8. Roles of the protein IκB in controlling NFκB import and export.
9. False. The nucleus is not completely filled with chromatin.
10. False. Active genes are not necessarily found adjacent to interchromosomal domains.
11. Nuclear lamin proteins make up the nuclear lamina, which is a network of intermediate filaments lining the inner nuclear membrane.
12. Experiment on tRNA export controlled by Ran:
13. True. The possession of a nucleus offers a cell advantages due to the regulation and compartmentalization of various processes.
14. The nucleolus is a subnuclear organelle within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized, processed, and assembled into ribosomes.
15. The nuclear localization signal (NLS) is recognized by and binds to the protein importin during the process of nuclear protein transport.
16. Cargo proteins may require specific proteins for nuclear export/import, such as importins, exportins, and other receptor proteins.
17. One advantage of having a nucleus is the spatial separation and compartmentalization of DNA and RNA processing, allowing for efficient regulation and control of gene expression.
18. Heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of DNA that is transcriptionally inactive and often associated with repetitive DNA sequences and gene silencing.
19. Features of protein transport across the nuclear envelope.
20. The cargo-protein complex is prevented from exiting the nuclear pore complex (NPC) by the dissociation of the export receptor from the cargo protein in the nucleus, facilitated by RanGTP.
21. mRNA processing is linked to mRNA export from the nucleus through various steps:
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1. No, protein trafficking through nuclear pores can be bidirectional.
2. It is true because the possession of a nucleus allows for the regulation and compartmentalization of various molecules, such as ions, RNAs, and proteins, enabling efficient cellular processes and protection of genetic material.
3. Fuse the NLS of the Swi5 protein to a reporter protein and observe its localization in yeast cells.
4. Proteins transported across the nuclear envelope require nuclear localization signals (NLS) for import, while mitochondrial protein transport relies on mitochondrial targeting sequences (MTS), and the mechanisms of import are different.
5. RNAs are nucleic acid molecules involved in various cellular processes, including gene expression regulation; U snRNAs are small nuclear RNAs involved in pre-mRNA splicing, and microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation.
6. The nuclear pore is a large protein complex that acts as a selective barrier between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, allowing the controlled transport of molecules in and out of the nucleus; it was discovered through electron microscopy and biochemical studies.
7. Leptomycin inhibits the export of certain proteins, including HIV proteins, by binding to and blocking the nuclear export receptor CRM1, leading to the accumulation of these proteins in the nucleus, which is toxic to cells.
8. IκB controls the import of NFκB into the nucleus by masking its nuclear localization signal (NLS) and retaining it in the cytoplasm, and also regulates the export of NFκB from the nucleus by forming a complex with NFκB and preventing its export signal recognition by the export machinery.
9. False, the nucleus contains chromatin, but it is not completely filled with it.
10. False, active genes are not necessarily found adjacent to interchromosomal domains.
11. Nuclear lamin proteins make up the nuclear lamina, a meshwork of intermediate filaments that provides structural support to the nucleus.
12. In the experiment, blocking the GTPase activity of Ran led to the accumulation of tRNA in the nucleus, indicating that Ran-GTP is required for the export of tRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm; Ran-GTP interacts with export receptors to facilitate the nuclear export of tRNA.
13. It is true because the possession of a nucleus allows for the regulation and compartmentalization of various molecules, such as ions, RNAs, and proteins, enabling efficient cellular processes and protection of genetic material.
14. The nucleolus is a distinct region within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is transcribed, processed, and assembled into ribosomes.
15. The nuclear localization signal (NLS) is recognized by and binds to the importin protein during nuclear protein transport.
16. The cargo with the protein necessary for nuclear export is recognized by exportins, while the cargo with the protein necessary for nuclear import is recognized by importins.
17. One advantage to a cell of having a nucleus is the compartmentalization of DNA, allowing for efficient gene regulation and protection of genetic material.
18. Heterochromatin refers to tightly packed and transcriptionally inactive regions of DNA, often characterized by condensed chromatin structure.
19. The features of protein transport across the nuclear envelope include the presence of nuclear localization signals (NLS) or nuclear export signals (NES) on cargo proteins, recognition and binding of cargo by importins or exportins, and the involvement of the small GTPase Ran in regulating transport directionality.
20. The binding of Ran-GTP to the cargo-protein complex within the nucleus prevents its re-binding to exportins, ensuring that it does not exit the nuclear pore complex (NPC) once it has entered the nucleus.
21. mRNA processing, such as splicing and 5' cap formation, is coupled to mRNA export from the nucleus through interactions between mRNA processing factors and components of the nuclear pore complex (NPC).
The possession of a nucleus offers several advantages to a cell. Due to the presence of a nuclear envelope, the nucleus provides a compartmentalized environment for the regulation of gene expression. It allows for the sequestration of DNA, protecting it from potential damage in the cytoplasm. The nucleus facilitates efficient transport of various molecules, including ions, RNAs, and a diverse array of proteins, through the nuclear pores.
This controlled transport enables specific localization of molecules and ensures proper functioning of cellular processes. Additionally, the nucleus houses the nucleolus, where ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome assembly occur. Overall, the nucleus plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic integrity, gene expression regulation, and efficient cellular function.
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if you wanted to present evidence that red panda populations were becoming less diverse over time, which choice correctly identifies the independent and dependent variables you would choose to use in your graph?
Answers
The genetic diversity of red panda populations against time, you can visually demonstrate whether the diversity is decreasing over time, thus supporting your argument.
To present evidence that red panda populations were becoming less diverse over time, the independent variable would be the passage of time (years) and the dependent variable would be the diversity of red panda populations (measured in some quantifiable way such as genetic diversity or number of distinct subpopulations).
These variables would be plotted on a graph with time on the x-axis and diversity on the y-axis to visualize the trend over time.
If you wanted to present evidence that red panda populations were becoming less diverse over time, the independent and dependent variables you would choose to use in your graph are as follows:
Independent variable: Time (usually represented on the x-axis)
Dependent variable: Genetic diversity of red panda populations (usually represented on the y-axis)
By plotting the genetic diversity of red panda populations against time, you can visually demonstrate whether the diversity is decreasing over time, thus supporting your argument.
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Dr. Flores wants to know which of the forum claims is best supported by the evidence you have gathered from your previous Sim observations and the text. Select the claim you think is best supported from the options below. Claim 1: Molecules in a substance disappear or no longer exist when a substance changes phase. O Claim 2: Molecules in a substance move differently when a substance changes phase. Claim 3: Molecules in a substance change into a new kind of molecule during a phase change.
Answers
Answer:
Claim 2: Molecules in a substance move differently when a substance changes phase.
Explanation:
Molecules in a liquid phase move freely and bump into each other. In a gas phase, the molecules move with a lot more energy and bump more times against each other; there is a lot of space for the molecules to move. In a solid phase, the molecules hardly move, there is not much space between them, and they are together, often in a regular pattern.
In conclusion, when matter changes from one phase to another, the molecules move differently.
Answer:
you will need to either add or take away energy and pay attention to how the molecules move. Molecules of a solid move in place, molecules of a liquid move around each other, and molecules of a gas move away from each other.
Explanation:
what are three pathogenic organisms from kingdom protista apologia biology
Answers
Three pathogenic organisms from the kingdom Protista in Apologia Biology are Plasmodium, Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeba histolytica.
1. Plasmodium: Plasmodium is a protozoan parasite responsible for malaria. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Once in the human body, Plasmodium invades red blood cells and multiplies, leading to the symptoms of malaria.
2. Giardia lamblia: Giardia lamblia is a flagellated protozoan parasite that causes giardiasis, a common intestinal infection. It is transmitted through contaminated food and water. Giardia infection can lead to diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss.
3. Entamoeba histolytica: Entamoeba histolytica is an amoebic parasite responsible for amoebic dysentery and liver abscesses. It is transmitted through contaminated food, water, or direct contact with fecal matter. The symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
In summary, Plasmodium, Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeba histolytica are three pathogenic organisms from the kingdom Protista that cause significant health issues in humans.
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If a cell's organelle worked in an actual human factory and had the role of the electric generator, which organelle would it be?
Answers
Answer: mitochondria
Explanation:
An electric generator produces energy to do work. A mitochondria produces ATP to power the cell.
Is the following sentence true or false? a neuron can have only one axon
Answers
The statement, "A neuron can have only one axon" is: True.
Neurons typically have a single axon, which is a long, slender projection extending from the cell body.
The axon is responsible for transmitting electrical signals, known as action potentials, away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands. It serves as the primary means of communication between neurons.
While neurons generally have only one axon, they can have multiple dendrites, which are shorter, branch-like projections that receive signals from other neurons.
Dendrites bring incoming electrical signals toward the cell body, where they are integrated before being transmitted down the axon.
There are certain specialized types of neurons, such as bipolar neurons found in the retina and olfactory system, that possess two axons.
However, in the majority of neurons, the presence of a single axon is a defining characteristic.
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10 POINS Q: The following methods will melt an ice cube quickly, EXCEPT
A. put it in an insulating container
B. hold it in your hand and change hands when one hand gets cold
C. put it a glass of room temperature water
D. break it into pieces and warm up the pieces
Answers
Answer:i think it C srry if im wrong
Explanation:
Answer: It’s A
Explanation:
It you hold the cube in your hand it will melt because of the body heat. If you break the pieces and warm them up, it will melt. If you put it in a glass of room temperature water, the water would absorb the cold and it will melt. But if you put it in an insulated container, it will keep the cold in hence it will not melt the fast.
What are some similarities/differences dome mountains form with how volcanic mountains form.
Answers
Answer:
Dome Mountains are formed from hot molten material (magma) rising from the Earth's mantle into the crust that pushes overlying sedimentary rock layers upward to form a “dome” shape. Unlike a volcano, the magma typically does not reach the Earth's surface.
Explanation:
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this is for biology 1 please answer the question.
Cell membranes allow certain materials in and out of the cell. How does the structure of the cell membrane relate to its structure?
Answers
Answer:The primary function of the plasma membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, the plasma membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and regulates the movement of substances in and out of cells.
Explanation:
What does the light independent reaction make? (Multiple Choice)
Water
Carbon dioxide
Sugar
Light energy
Answers
Answer:
h20=co²idj
6292939
9w9
Explanation:
usgsb6÷859
7392= 53936739
Which statement describes carbon's unique bonding ability?
O Carbon can easily form 2 covalent bonds with other atoms.
O Carbon can only bond with other carbon atoms.
O Carbon can bond with all other atoms.
O Carbon can easily form 4 covalent bonds with other atoms
Answers
Answer:
the answer is the last option.
carbon has a valency of 4. as such, it can combine with other elements such as hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen to form new compounds by sharing electrons in a covalent bond.
Retinal cells that make connections with bipolar cells, ganglion cells, and other cells like themselves are called:_____.
Answers
Names the retinal cells that communicate with ganglion cells, bipolar cells, and other cells that are similar to them.
What are retinal cells?
Light must travel through layers of neurons and capillaries before it reaches the photosensitive regions of the rods and cones in vertebrates because the light-sensing cells are located at the rear of the retina. The optic nerve must pass through the retina in order to reach the brain because the ganglion cells, whose axons make up the optic nerve, are located at the front of the retina. The blind spot results from the absence of photoreceptors in this area.
Retina amacrine cells are interneurons that communicate with ganglion cells and bipolar cells.
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According to advocates for the use of genetic engineering, which is an example of the importance of recombinant DNA technology? Genes from nuts used in other organisms can affect allergies. The increase of patents drives the seed cost. There is a diminished opportunity for organic agriculture. There is a reduced use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers.
Answers
Answer:
D. There is a reduced use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers
Explanation:
A reduced use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers is considered an example of the importance of recombinant DNA technology.
What is recombinant DNA technology?Recombinant DNA technology is a type of technology that uses genetic engineering techniques to create new DNA molecules.
These recombinant DNA molecules can express genes from different organisms and thus can be very useful for many purposes.
In conclusion, a reduced use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers is considered an example of the importance of recombinant DNA technology.
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is the means by which sensory receptors convert different forms of energy into neural signals that the nervous system can process. question 20 options: 1) kinesthesis 2) transduction 3) sensory accommodation 4) proprioception
Answers
Transduction the means by which sensory receptors convert different forms of energy into neural signals that the nervous system can process
Transduction refers to the process in which sensory receptors convert various forms of energy, such as light, sound, or pressure, into neural signals that can be interpreted and processed by the nervous system. It is a fundamental step in sensory perception.
During transduction, sensory receptors located in the sensory organs, such as the eyes, ears, or skin, detect and respond to specific types of stimuli. These receptors then convert the physical energy of the stimuli into electrical signals, known as action potentials, which can be transmitted through neurons to the brain.
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Give two structural features that can be used to separate housefly and millipede
to respective classes
Answers
(Hope this is correct and helps)
Two structural features that can be used to separate a housefly and a millipede are winged vs. wingless and legs per body segment.
What separates a housefly and millipede?Houseflies and millipedes can be distinguished based on several key characteristics:
Body Structure: Houseflies have a compact body structure with a single pair of wings and six legs attached to the thorax. In contrast, millipedes have an elongated and segmented body with numerous pairs of legs. The number of legs in millipedes can vary, but they typically have more than six pairs.
Winged vs. Wingless: Houseflies possess fully developed wings, enabling them to fly, while millipedes lack wings and are incapable of flight. Instead, millipedes rely on their numerous legs for movement.
Habitat and Behavior: Houseflies are commonly found in diverse environments, including urban areas, where they are attracted to food sources. They are known for their ability to quickly move and hover in the air. On the other hand, millipedes are primarily found in damp environments such as forests or gardens, where they feed on decaying organic matter and vegetation.
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Which step of the scientific method is missing?
a. Observation
b. Problem Question
c. Hypothesis
d. Experimentation
e. Report Results
Answers
The analysis process includes procedures including data inspection, cleansing, transformation, and modeling with the goal of highlighting important information. The process of data analysis can be broken down into various phases. So, choice B is the right one.
Data analysis is the act of determining the relevance of the information we have acquired, organized, and displayed in the form of a table or graph.
The approach involves looking for patterns—similarities, differences, trends, and other relationships—and thinking about what these patterns might mean.
Other scientists won't take your scientific findings seriously until you have thoroughly examined the facts to back up your assertions.
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What are the "two sides" of the
Golgi body?
A:bonding and storing
B:splicing and storing
C:translating and labeling
D:receiving and shipping
Answers
Answer:
D: receiving and shipping are the "two sides" of the Golgi body. The Golgi body, also known as the Golgi apparatus, is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport to their final destination within or outside the cell. The receiving side, also known as the cis-Golgi, is responsible for receiving molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and sorting them into vesicles for transport to the shipping side, also known as the trans-Golgi, where they are further modified and packaged into vesicles for secretion out of the cell or delivery to their final destination within the cell.
Answer:
D: receiving and shipping
Correctly pair each of the temperatures used in the PCR reaction, with what occurs at that temperature. The temperatures given are
94 – 98 Cº
65 – 72 Cº
55 – 70 C
And the answer choices to match with these temps are
allow primers to anneal to the template
B. separate template DNA into single strands
C. allow DNA polymerase to build complementary DNA
Answers
The temperature of 94-98 Cº is used to separate the template DNA into single strands, which is necessary for the PCR reaction to occur. The temperature of 65-72 Cº is used to allow primers to anneal to the template, which is a critical step in the PCR reaction as it provides the starting point for DNA polymerase to build complementary DNA.
Finally, the temperature of 55-70 Cº is used to allow DNA polymerase to build complementary DNA, which is the key step in the PCR reaction that amplifies the target DNA sequence.
The analysis of ancient DNA samples and the detection of infectious organisms are only two examples of the many genetic testing and research techniques that heavily rely on PCR. Extremely small amounts of DNA sequence copies are exponentially amplified by PCR in a series of temperature-changing cycles. For a wide range of applications in medical laboratory research, including biomedical research and criminal investigations, PCR is now a standard and frequently crucial technology.
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PLS ANSWER AS FAST AS U CAN !!
Answers
Answer:
16 protons and 16 neutrons
1) one major advantage of using arabidopsis thaliana as a model system for studies of plant form and function is its a) fast generation time. b) exceptionally large genome. c) large seeds. d) high tolerance to stress. e) high mutation rate.
Answers
Fast generation time is a key benefit of utilizing Arabidopsis thaliana as a model system for research on plant form and function.
It's correct to choose option a.
What justifies the usage of the model Arabidopsis thaliana?A popular model in plant genetic studies is the tiny annual weed Arabidopsis thaliana, which is a member of the mustard family. It has a tiny genome, a brief life cycle, and is straightforward to mutate.
What distinguishes Arabidopsis thaliana?To identify unique defense mechanisms of plant-pathogen resistance, Arabidopsis thaliana is employed as a model organism. These plants feature unique receptors on the surface of their cells, which enable the detection of pathogens and start processes to stop the spread of those infections.
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How are chemosynthetic bacteria different from photosynthetic bacteria ?
Answers
Answer:
Photosynthetic bacteria are parasites within green plant cells while chemosynthetic bacteria are saprophytes on decaying food substances. Energy of sunlight is used in photosynthetic bacteria whereas in chemosynthetic bacteria energy is derived by the oxidation of inorganic substances.
Why does tissue fluid does not contain RBC?
Answers
Explanation:
The plasma that filters through the blood capillaries into the interstitial fluid does not contain red blood cells or platelets as they are too large to pass through but can contain some white blood cells to help the immune system.
Four mechanisms of natural selection