why a sportsman or a women needs carbohydrates before a competition
Answers
Answer:
Athletes need carbohydrates before a competition because they are the primary source of energy for the body. When we eat carbohydrates, our bodies break them down into glucose, which is then used by our cells as fuel. During exercise, our bodies use a combination of carbohydrates and fats to produce energy, but when we engage in high-intensity activities such as running, cycling, or playing sports, our bodies rely heavily on carbohydrates to provide the necessary energy.
Carbohydrates also help to replenish glycogen stores in our muscles and liver, which can become depleted during exercise. This is important because glycogen is stored glucose, and it is the primary energy source for our muscles during exercise. When glycogen stores are low, athletes may experience fatigue, weakness, and decreased performance.
Therefore, consuming carbohydrates before a competition can help to ensure that an athlete has enough energy to perform at their best and avoid fatigue or other negative effects associated with low glycogen stores.
Related Questions
describe what is happening at the plasma membrane from when epinephrine binds the receptor to activation of pka
Answers
Epinephrine is a hormone that binds to specific receptors on the surface of cells, initiating a series of biochemical events that ultimately lead to the activation of protein kinase A (PKA).
The following is a general overview of what happens at the plasma membrane when epinephrine binds to its receptor, leading to the activation of PKA:
Epinephrine binds to a specific receptor on the plasma membrane of the target cell, causing a conformational change in the receptor.
This conformational change activates a G protein, which in turn activates an enzyme called adenylate cyclase.
Adenylate cyclase catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), a second messenger molecule that can diffuse through the cytoplasm and activate downstream signaling pathways.
The increase in cAMP levels activates PKA, which is initially in an inactive state due to its regulatory subunits.
The binding of cAMP to PKA causes a conformational change that releases the regulatory subunits and activates the catalytic subunits of PKA.
The activated PKA can then phosphorylate various downstream targets, leading to a variety of cellular responses depending on the specific context.
Overall, the binding of epinephrine to its receptor on the plasma membrane triggers a complex series of biochemical events that ultimately lead to the activation of PKA. This pathway plays important roles in a variety of physiological processes, including the fight or flight response, the regulation of glucose metabolism, and the modulation of cardiovascular function.
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Salivary amylase is an enzyme found in the mouth. It breaks down starch into sugars. Which of these best explains why salivary amylase does not break down proteins?.
Answers
The best option that explains that why salivary amylase does not break down proteins is that proteins do not have the right substrate for the enzymes.
In the field of biology, we can describe enzymes as biological catalysts that are used to speed up a reaction. Each enzyme is specific for a reaction because the active site of an enzyme is specific for a particular reactant.
As salivary amylase is an enzyme that is specific for breaking down starch because its active site is specific for the starch reactants, hence the amylase enzyme will not work for proteins. The protein reactants will not fit into the active site of the salivary amylase enzyme.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Salivary amylase is an enzyme found in the mouth. It breaks down starch into sugars. Which of these best explains why salivary amylase does not break down proteins?
a) The enzyme is the wrong substrate for proteins
b) proteins do not have the right substrate for the enzymes.
c) Proteins do not have the proper active site for the enzyme to work on them.
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The cell membrane is described as highly selective, because it bars the passage of most but not all substances. What structural feature of the membrane acts like gates that allow certain
substances, including water, to pass through the membrane?
O permanent gaps in the lipid bilayer
O proteins that temporarily dissolve regions of the lipid bilayer
O channels in transmembrane proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer
O channels in phosphate groups at the outer edges of the lipid bilayer
G
Answers
Answer:
C. channels in transmembrane proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer.
Explanation:
In Black Angus cattle, the color black is what type of genetic trait?
recessive
incomplete
dominan
genotype
Answers
Answer:
dominant
Explanation:
The "gene" of an organism consists of two alleles. One allele comes from each parent. A genetic trait is said to be "dominant" even if there's only one copy of dominant allele present; however, a genetic trait is said to be "recessive" if there are two recessive alleles present.
In Black Angus cattle, the dominant color is "black." They are even named after their color. The recessive trait is "red." In order for a Black Angus cattle to be red, it needs to have two alleles for the recessive trait (red). However, it is easy for the cattle to be black as long as it has one allele for the dominant trait.
You are a bio-researcher on the planet Tawniwani, and you have been given the task of identifying and classifying the native fauna. Use this dichotomous key to identify Tawniwanian creature t.
Answers
Dichotomous keys are used to identify and classify organisms into a taxonomic group according to their morphological traits. In the exposed example, individual T is a Narrowus trispottis.
What is a dichotomous key?
The dichotomous key is a classification system used to identify organisms according to different traits -usually morphological traits-.
This is a simple method since the key provides two options, and the researcher needs to choose one of them according to the organism's features. Once the researcher has chosen one of the options, the key leads to the following description.
The procedure is the same in each step until the name of the taxonomic group is provided.
In the exposed example, we need to identify the organism T (the last one). We know we need to follow 4 steps before reaching our individual's name. So,
1) Does it has a large or small head? It has a small head, so we need to move to step 2.
2) Does it has a narrow or round body? It has a narrow body, so we need to move to step 6.
6) Does it has curly or straigh antennae? It has curly antennae, so we need to move to step 11.
11) Does it has narrow or round eyes? It seems like it has narrow eyes, so it might be Narrowus trispottis.
According to this dichotomous key, the T individual is a Narrowus trispottis.
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evidence of the role of biological factors in explaining sex differences in individual traits and offending includes sex-related differences in:
Answers
Biological factors play a significant role in explaining sex differences in individual traits and offending.
Research has revealed several sex-related differences that provide evidence for the influence of biological factors. Firstly, hormonal variations between males and females contribute to divergent physical and psychological characteristics. For example, testosterone, predominantly found in males, influences aggression and risk-taking behavior. Females, on the other hand, have higher levels of estrogen, which may influence empathy and nurturing behavior. These hormonal disparities contribute to variations in individual traits.
Secondly, brain structure and functioning also exhibit sex-related differences. Studies have shown that certain brain regions involved in emotion regulation, impulse control, and decision-making differ between males and females. These structural disparities may impact behavior, leading to differences in offending patterns. Additionally, neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which regulate mood and reward, may function differently in males and females, further influencing behavioral outcomes.
Thirdly, genetic factors play a role in sex differences. Variations in sex chromosomes (XX in females and XY in males) can influence the expression of certain genes, potentially influencing traits and behaviors. Genetic studies have identified associations between specific gene variants and aggression, impulsivity, and other traits that may contribute to offending behavior.
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The energy in ATP is stored in ribose.
Question 2 options:
True
False
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Do people with blue eyes most likely have cancer?
Answers
Answer:
It is based on guesswork and analysis. For example, if 100 people have cancer, 80% of people have blue, green or grey eyes and fair skin, while the other 20% have some other eye colour.
after the four steps of cellular respiration, where is most of the energy stored?
Answers
Answer:
on the inner membranes of the mitochondria
Explanation:
instead of all the energy being released at once and that energy is used to form ATP
A scientist uses materials in her lab to separate DNA fragments by size. What process is she using?
Answers
Answer:
Gel electrophoresis is the technique she is using
Explanation:
Answer:
I may be wrong
Explanation:
it is le
Where are the Buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles attached to each other?
Answers
The buccinator muscle and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle are attached to each other at the posterior pharyngeal wall. Together, these muscles work to aid in the process of swallowing.
The buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles are not directly attached to each other, as they serve different functions and are located in different areas of the head and neck.
The buccinator muscle is found in the cheek and is a part of the facial muscles. It helps in moving food during chewing and assists in the act of blowing.
The buccinator muscle is a thin, flat muscle located in the cheek, while the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is one of the three pharyngeal muscles located in the pharynx.
The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is a pharyngeal muscle located in the neck. Its primary function is to help in the swallowing process by constricting the pharynx.
Although they are not directly attached, both muscles work together to facilitate the process of chewing and swallowing food.
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how much energy is required to ionize a hydrogen atom in its ground state
Answers
The energy required to ionize a hydrogen atom in its ground state is 13.6 electron volts (eV).
The ionization of a hydrogen atom occurs when an electron in the atom is completely removed, resulting in a positively charged hydrogen ion (H+). To accomplish this, energy must be supplied to overcome the attractive force between the proton in the nucleus and the electron.
The energy required to ionize a hydrogen atom can be calculated using the formula:
Ionization energy = Rydberg constant × \(\frac{1}{(n_{intial})^{2} } - \frac{1}{(n_{final})^{2} }\)
In the case of hydrogen in its ground state, the initial energy level is 1, and the final energy level is infinity since the electron is completely removed. Plugging these values into the equation, we find that the ionization energy of a hydrogen atom in its ground state is approximately 13.6 eV.
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Aquatic organisms are able to survive when the temperature decreases. These organisms survive even when the surfaces of lakes and ponds are covered with ice. Which property of water best explains how aquatic organisms can survive during freezing temperatures?
Answers
Answer:
Anomalous expansion
Explanation:
Anomalous expansion of water is the abnormal way water expands when exposed to low temperature.
At 4 degree Celsius , the density at the top layer is usually at the Maximum which makes the water sinks down and then the water in the lower layer rises up.
When the temperature drops below 4 degree Celsius, the water molecules at the top then freezes leaving the denser molecules at the bottom which doesn’t freeze as a result of their high density.
This way, organisms can survive in the water due to the lower layer not freezing.
Humans are made up of many types of cells, and these cells have a broad range of sizes. For example, a type of fat cell called an adipocyte has a radius of approximately 50 um, while a type of heart muscle cell called a cardiomyocyte has a radius of about 15 um. Surface area of a sphere: A = 47m2 Assuming both cell types are perfectly spherical, approximately how many times larger is the surface area of an adipocyte compared to the surface area of a cardiomyocyte? Round your answer to the nearest integer. times Show Calculator
Answers
Based on the radius of the adipocyte and cardiomyocyte as well as the ratio of the surface area of an adipocyte and cardiomyocyte, the surface area of an adipocyte compared to the surface area of a cardiomyocyte is 11 times larger.
What is the formula to calculate the surface area of a sphere?The formula to calculate the surface area of a sphere is given below as follows;
The surface area of a sphere = 4πr²Where;
π is a constant = 22/7r is the radius.From the data provided:
The radius of adipocyte = 50 μm
The radius of cardiomyocyte = 15 μm
Surface area of adipocyte = 4 * 22/7 * (50)²
Surface area of adipocyte = 31416 μm²
Surface area of cardiomyocyte = 4 * 22/7 * (15)²
Surface area of adipocyte = 2827.4 μm²
The ratio of the surface area of adipocyte and cardiomyocyte = 31416/2827.4
The ratio of the surface area of adipocyte and cardiomyocyte = 11
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The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes when they are closely paired during meiosis is called?
Answers
_____ thought capitalism would inevitably lead to revolution
because there is contradiction between the wealth created for some
and the immiseration and poverty created for others .
Answers
The person who thought capitalism would inevitably lead to revolution because there is a contradiction between the wealth created for some and the immiseration and poverty created for others was Karl Marx. Marx's idea of capitalist exploitation is that it is a mechanism by which the bourgeoisie
(owners of the means of production) would accumulate more than 100% of the value of a worker's work since the laborer receives only a tiny portion of the value of their work while the rest goes to the capitalist who owns the means of production. Marx argued that capitalism is inherently exploitative and that workers would eventually become aware of this and rise up in a revolution to overthrow the capitalist system. He predicted that this would happen because capitalism creates an inherent conflict between the working class, who are exploited, and the capitalist class, who own the means of production and control the wealth of society.
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Which statement best describes the relationship between ocean co2 and ph
Answers
Acidity rises and pH falls as carbon dioxide levels rise. The correct option is C.
What is ocean pH?A change in the characteristics of ocean water known as ocean acidification may be detrimental to plants and animals.
Scientists have noticed that the ocean's acidity is rising as a result of the water's absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Ocean acidification is the decrease in the ocean's pH level. The average pH of the ocean's surface fell from about 8.25 to 8.14 between 1751 and 2021.
Ocean water is more basic than drinking water because it is resistant to pH fluctuations due to the presence of various weak acids and their corresponding bases, or buffers.
The ocean is regarded as having a pH that is slightly alkaline. Acidity and pH both drop when carbon dioxide levels rise.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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Your question seems incomplete, the missing options are:
When CO2 increases, pH increases and acidity decreases.
When CO2 increases, pH decreases and acidity increases.
When CO2 increases, pH decreases and acidity decreases.
There is no relationship between CO2 and pH
one protein is abundant in arginine and lysine in its side chain. which range of pi could beexpected for this protein?
Answers
In this case, the protein is abundant in arginine (Arg) and lysine (Lys), which are both positively charged at neutral pH due to their basic side chains. Therefore, the pI of this protein is expected to be relatively high (i.e., more basic), because it will require a higher pH to neutralize the positive charges of Arg and Lys residues.
The isoelectric point (pI) of a protein is the pH at which it carries no net electrical charge, and it can be predicted based on the amino acid composition of the protein. In general, the pI of a protein is determined by the pKa values of its acidic and basic amino acid residues.
To calculate the exact pI of the protein, one would need to know the specific amino acid sequence and the number and distribution of acidic and basic residues. However, as a rough estimate, we can assume that the protein is highly basic and its pI would be around 8.5-10.5, depending on the exact amino acid composition.
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which of the following are examples of metaplasia? check all that apply. check all that apply endodermal cells giving rise to the simple columnar epithelium of the stomach's internal liningendodermal cells giving rise to the simple columnar epithelium of the stomach's internal lining the pseudostratified columnar epithelium of a smoker's bronchi turning into stratified squamous epitheliumthe pseudostratified columnar epithelium of a smoker's bronchi turning into stratified squamous epithelium the mesenchyme turning into muscle tissuethe mesenchyme turning into muscle tissue normal liver tissue is converted to abnormal fibrous tissue due to alcoholism.normal liver tissue is converted to abnormal fibrous tissue due to alcoholism. ectodermal cells giving rise to nervous tissue
Answers
The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of a smoker's bronchi can alter into stratified scaly epithelium as an example of metaplasia. Ordinary liver tissue is switched to strange stringy tissue because of liquor abuse. The change of the mesenchyme into muscle.
In a similar vein, chronic irritation frequently causes the conjunctiva to have metaplasia, resulting in a stratified, squamous, and occasionally keratinized epithelium. In the eye, fibrous metaplasia of the corneal endothelium, lens epithelium, ciliary and iris epithelium, and RPE are additional important examples of metaplasia.
The best example of metaplasia is when stratified squamous epithelial cells replace the normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial (airway) lining.
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Which of these cartoon characters is a marsupial? tasmanian devil daffy duck road runner speedy gonzalez.
Answers
Marsupials are mammals. Their reproductive cycle after fertilization involves a period in the uterus and another period in the marsupium where the offspring completes their development. A) tasmanian devil.
What are marsupials?Marsupials are mammals, which means that, among other characteristics, these animals have hair and mammal glands, they have internal reproduction, and the progeny is fed with maternal milk until they achieve a certain developmental stage at which they can provide by themselves.
There are two types of mammals, placentary mammals, and marsupial mammals. Among these last ones, the reproductive cycle involves a first period in which the progeny grows in the uterus and a second period in which the progeny completes their developmental stage in the marsupium.
The marsupium is basically a bag with mammal glands. So the marsupial's offspring get born before their development is over. To complete it and survive, they must leave the uterus and move to the marsupium, where they are fed with maternal milk until they grow hair and are old enough to feed themselves.
Among the examples, the Tasmanian devil is a cartoon character that is a marsupial.
The Tasmanian devil is a carnivorous marsupial that belongs to the Dasyuridae family. Currently, it inhabits the south of Australia on Tazmania island.
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QUICK help pleaseee needed by today
Each of the four major types of biomolecules has multiple functions in living cells.
Energy storage is an important function of a cell's -
A disaccharides and nucleic acids
B simple sugars and proteins
C lipids and complex carbohydrates
D amino acids and nucleotides
Answers
C. lipids and complex carbohydrates
Lipids play an important role in storing energy.
Fat molecules can store a very high amount of energy for their size which is important for animals because of our mobile lifestyles. Fatty acids are composed of carboxylic acids attached to long chains of hydrocarbons.Complex carbohydrates:
Complex carbohydrate foods provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber that are important to the health of an individual.They generally either store energy or form structures, such as cell walls, in living things. Starch is a complex carbohydrate that is made by plants to store energy.Therefore, correct option is C.
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which term describes the multicellular haploid form of a protist that shows alternation of generations?
Answers
The term that describes the multicellular haploid form of a protist that shows alternation of generations is gametophyte.
Gametophytes are the haploid stage in the life cycle of a factory or alga. It's characterized by the product of gametes, or reproductive cells. Gametophytes suffer sexual reduplication, where two gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote. The zygote undergoes meiosis to form haploid spores, which also develop into a new gametophyte, completing the alternation of generations.
This is a process that's common in numerous species of shops, algae, and certain protists. In some species, the gametophyte and the sporophyte( the diploid stage) are both multicellular and differ markedly in appearance. In others, the gametophyte is reduced and unicellular, and the sporophyte is dominant. In either case, the alternation of generations is a necessary part of the life cycle of the organism.
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Helppppppp
For today
Test.
Answers
Answer:
should be A if not let me know though i'm pretty sure its A.
Explanation:
have a good day too.
Fatty acids that are broken down for energy production are utilized for which aspects of cellular respiration? choose all that apply.
Answers
The correct answer is B. The process of cellular respiration uses fatty acids broken down for energy production is glycolysis.
A cytoplasmic mechanism called glycolysis converts glucose into two molecules with three carbons each and releases energy. Hexokinase, a phosphorylating enzyme, assists in the phosphorylation process that traps glucose. This reaction uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and the end result, glucose-6-P, inhibits hexokinase.
Since, many organism use aerobic as well anaerobic respiration pathway thus glycolysis is suitable for both for cellular respiration.
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The complete question is :
Fatty acids that are broken down for energy production are utilized for which aspects of cellular respiration? Choose all that apply.
Fermentation
Glycolysis
Pyruvate oxidation
Citric acid cycle
Electron transport chain
Once a cell completes mitosis, molecular division triggers must be turned off. What happens to mpf during mitosis?.
Answers
When cell completes mitosis, molecular division triggers must be turned off Cyclin is degraded; the concentration of cyclin-dependent kinase remains unchanged, but without cyclin, MPF is not formed. It is completely degraded.
What is mitosis ?
A kind of cell division known as mitosis occurs when a single cell (the mother) divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. Mitosis, when referring to the cell cycle, is the stage of cell division during which the DNA in the cell's nucleus is divided into two identical sets of chromosomes.
Mitosis is used in the vast majority of cell divisions that take place in your body. Mitosis fills an organism's body with cells during development and growth, and it replaces old, worn-out cells with new ones over the course of an organism's existence. Mitotic divisions are a type of reproduction for single-celled eukaryotes like yeast, resulting in the generation of new members of the population.
When cell completes mitosis, molecular division triggers must be turned off Cyclin is degraded; the concentration of cyclin-dependent kinase remains unchanged, but without cyclin, MPF is not formed. It is completely degraded.
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In some individuals, the thyroid does not produce enough hormone, so these individuals may take a replacement hormone, such as thyroxone. The concentration C(t) of thyroxone (in micrograms) in the person's body decays exponentially with a half-life of about seven days. Consider an individual who has taken 120 mcg of thyroxone. a) (1 point) Which of the following is true for the concentration of the drug in the individual's body? After 14 days, none of the hormone remains After 14 days, 30 mcg remains O After 14 days, 119 mcg remains O After 14 days, 106 mcg remains 0.099t > b) (3 points) The thyroxone concentration (in mcg) can be modeled by C(t) 120e where t is the time in days after the individual has taken the drug. When will the concentration be 12 mcg? Round your answer to the nearest day.
Answers
The following is true for the concentration of the thyroid drug in the individual's body is after 14 days 30 mcg remains, option B and the time when the concentration be 12 mcg is t = 23.23 sec.
The thyroid, or thyroid organ, is an endocrine organ in vertebrates. In people, it is in the neck and comprises of two associated curves. A thin band of tissue known as the isthmus connects the lower two-thirds of the lobes. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ beneath the Adam's apple in the neck. The spherical thyroid follicle, which is lined with follicular cells (thyrocytes) and occasionally parafollicular cells and has a colloid-filled lumen, is the thyroid gland's functional unit at a microscopic level.
Three hormones are released by the thyroid gland: the two thyroid chemicals - triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) - and a peptide chemical, calcitonin. The metabolic rate, protein synthesis, and growth and development of children are all influenced by thyroid hormones. Calcium homeostasis is affected by calcitonin. The anterior pituitary gland secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which controls the two thyroid hormones. The hypothalamus makes thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which controls TSH.
C(t) = 120\(e^{-0.099t\)
So at 12cmg
12 = 120\(e^{-0.099t\)
1 = 10\(e^{-0.099t\)
1/10= \(e^{-0.099t\)
log1/10 = -0.099t
-2.3 = -0.099t
t = 2.3/0.099
t = 23.23 sec.
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List the six fundamental elements found in living organisms in the text area below.
Answers
Explanation: hopes it helps
Living organisms often contain trace amounts of several elements, but the most abundant ones are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus
Answer:
Carbon , hydrogen, oxygen , nitrogen , phosphorus, and sulfur
Explanation:
got right on edge.
HELP...ill give brainliest! PICTURE ATTATCHED!!!!!!
Answers
Answer:
D I think is the answer
In which direction does the moving force of air flow?
Responses
from high elevations to low elevations
from warm temperatures to cold temperatures
from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
from east to west
Answers
Answer:
from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
Explanation:
Air flows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure due to pressure differences.
Air molecules naturally move from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure in an attempt to equalize the pressure.
This movement of air creates wind or air currents.
The air moves in the direction where the pressure gradient is steepest, which is typically from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
This movement is known as the flow of air from high pressure to low pressure.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
Explanation:
The moving force of air flows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. Air moves from high-pressure zones to low-pressure zones because of the difference in air pressure. This movement of air from high to low pressure is what creates wind. The greater the difference in pressure between two areas, the stronger the wind will be. So, the correct answer is "from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure".
need help with this dont know
Answers
Answer:
I believe its A: determining how cells could develop from nonliving matter